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湖南省三湘名校、五市十校教研教改共同体2022届高三上学期第一次大联考 英语 含解析bychun
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这是一份湖南省三湘名校、五市十校教研教改共同体2022届高三上学期第一次大联考 英语 含解析bychun，共21页。试卷主要包含了 15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
绝密★启用前
2022届高三第一次大联考
英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19. 15. B.￡9. 18. C.￡9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What will the man do on the coming New Year's Day?
A. Go out with friends. B. Visit some classmates. C. Visit his grandparents.
2. How did the woman know about the party?
A. From a message. B. From a call. C. From an e-mail.
3. Which is the right gate for the man's flight to Tokyo?
A. Gate 24. B. Gate 25. C. Gate 26.
4. Where is the man's camera probably?
A. On the steps. B. In the shop. C. In his car.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A company. B. A position. C. The income.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man taking the trip?
A. For sightseeing. B. For study. C. For business.
7. How long will the man stay in Paris?
A. For two days. B. For four days. C. For two weeks.
听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman dislike her job?
A. It isn't meaningful. B. It isn't well paid. C. She doesn't get promoted.
9. What is the woman's major?
A. Market research. B. Marketing and sales. C. Management.
10. What does the man suggest doing?
A. Keeping a good mood. B. Changing her job. C. Talking with her boss.
听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the man want to do?
A. Open the door. B. Shut the window. C. Put on the sweater.
12. Why do the speakers search the Internet?
A. To look for advice. B. To download a video. C. To buy some furniture.
13. What will the speakers do next?
A. Shop for Christmas. B. Go to bed. C. Look for candles.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第17题。
14. What's the man complaining about?
A. A delayed delivery. B. A wrong delivery. C. An overpaid order.
15. What did the man order from the department store?
A. Tables. B. Chairs. C. Couches.
16. What went wrong in Harper's Department Store?
A. Power system. B. Security system. C. Computer system.
17. What does the man think of the store's service?
A. Satisfied. B. Unsatisfied. C. Just-so-so.
听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18. What are Susan Rippon and Anna Ford?
A. News photographers. B. News editors. C. News announcers.
19. When did Susan begin her job at BBC?
A. One year ago. B. Three years ago. C. Thirteen years ago.
20. How did people react when Anna worked for the first time?
A. Curious. B. Dull. C. Nervous.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Online master gardener programs allow you to learn more about plants and gardening. Some of them can also provide certification to those who wish to benefit their community in broader ways.
Advanced Permaculture Design
*Price: About $495(Plus $60 registration free).
*Experience Level: Suitable for experienced learners.
*Reasons: If you are looking for something more in-depth, then these courses offer more advanced instruction in permaculture.
*Advantages: Opportunity to advance skills in permaculture; aid in professional development.
*Disadvantages: Not suitable for beginners.
Garden Tutor
*Price: Free.
*Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.
*Reasons: This course is free and it is suitable for beginners.
* Advantages: Completely free of charge; suitable for complete learners.
*Disadvantages: No route to certification; simpler and less comprehensive than paid courses.
Cornell Gardener Program
*Price: About $675 for a six-week organic gardening course.
*Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners.
*Reasons: This is one of our top picks because of the institution's excellent reputation.
*Advantages: Focus on organic, eco-friendly gardening, flexible online learning; small class sizes.
*Disadvantages: Costly option; full master gardener certification only available to local residents.
Skillshare Gardening Courses
*Price: Low prices which vary in courses.
*Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.
*Reasons: These courses offer various opportunities to learn more about gardening. If gardening is a hobby, taking one or more of them could be a great alternative to a full master gardener program.
*Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules.
*Disadvantages: No route to certification.
21. Which of the following online programs charges nothing?
A. Advanced Permaculture Design. B. Garden Tutor.
C. Cornell Gardener Program. D. Skillshare Gardening Courses.
22. What makes Cornell Gardener program different from others?
A. It only offers a short-term course. B. It doesn't charge any registration fee.
C. It is known for environmental protection. D. It is intended for learners of different levels.
23. What may Skillshare Gardening Courses attract beginners most?
A. Its flexible schedule. B. Its route to certification.
C. Its teaching method. D. Its experienced masters.
B
Teaching the next generation is an effective way to change the future. A nonprofit in Israel has taken this to heart by greening schools with soilless farming. It is called Startup Roots, which is teaching students about hydroponics(水培), and as a result, they are learning nutrition and science.
"Many children think that vegetables come from the grocery store. They have no concept of the chain behind it. So we try to connect kids with the source of their food," said Robin Katz, founder of this organization. Katz started it in 2014.realizing that many children have no access to fresh, healthy and affordable produce. She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming.
Their first project created a soilless farm using just 100 square meters of a school. They started out by growing 14 plants per meter. The students were excited to see results in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1500 vegetables per month!
Working with science teachers, the organization guides students to learn science and nutrition. In addition, it has brought in nutritionists to teach the effect that food choices have on health. It soon improved their methods by fixing vertical farming systems. Since then, their production has improved greatly, resulting in the production of 120 plants per meter.
In order to educate the general population, the organization is also working to create an interactive urban agriculture exhibit, which is transforming students by turning them into interactive learners. More youth have become so fascinated by the process, they are eagerly researching plant seeds and are growing plants.
"There is no greater pleasure than to watch students grow by growing," said Katz. Aside from producing organic vegetables in schools, the organization is planting roots in this young generation, inspiring them to lead healthier and more environmentally-friendly lives.
24. Why did Robin Katz show interest in hydroponics?
A. It took less land than traditional farming. B. It caused no damage to the environment.
C. It was easy to produce good vegetables. D. It saved water and had a higher yield.
25. What can we learn about the first soilless farm?
A. It produced 120 plants per meter. B. It relied on vertical farming systems.
C. It produced vegetables in a month. D. It was designed by science teachers.
26. What is the final influence of the new farming system?
A. Students will grow better plants. B. Students will change their lifestyle.
C. Students will protect environment. D. Students will eat organic vegetables.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Inspiring Future Hydroponic Farming B. A Soilless Farm on Exhibition
C. Researching Plant Seeds in Future D. Helping Students Grow Better
C
The general understanding of slow fashion is that it is sustainable(可持续的)fashion with a slightly different focus-speed. In 2007, when author Kate Fletcher coined the term "slow fashion", she called on consumers, designers and brands to slow down and care about quality.
Natural clothing materials and low-impact manufacturing(制造)are large parts of the sustainable fashion movement. This movement has invited a closer look into what sustainability looks like and how a change in thinking and practices could influence the fashion industry. Slow fashion is considered to be a continuation of sustainable fashion. Today, it is distinguished by quality, locally manufactured clothing, producing clothes on a smaller scale and with slower production times. Mindfulness is paid to workers, the environment, and cultural connections.
Slow fashion was a reaction to the rapid development of the fast fashion industry, which focuses on cheap, stylish, mass-produced clothes that have a huge impact on the environment. People had begun to notice the instability of the fast fashion model-from the employment of workers to pollution. However, fashion isn't always like this, and slow fashion aims to take us back to where it began, even before the Industrial Revolution.
When Kate first described slow fashion, she wanted it to focus on quality instead of quantity, in addition to the environmental ideals that were associated with sustainable fashion. Though Kate presented slow fashion as an opportunity to create an effective relationship between designer, production and consumer, it has developed over time to function even more. No longer is slow fashion only a theory on connection and better products; now, it includes consumer lifestyles and ethical production.
As consumers learn more about the troublesome practices within the fashion industry, the circles of sustainability are growing closer. Social media has only helped slow fashion brands reach more consumers. Adopting a slow-fashion way of living may seem frightening if consumers are new to the movement; however, it doesn't have to be difficult.
28. What does sustainable fashion mainly focus on?
A. The lifestyle of the workers.
B. The thinking of the fashion styles.
C. The science of choosing clothing materials.
D. The environmental influence of the fashion industry.
29. What is the disadvantage of the fast fashion industry?
A. It produces clothes of low quality.
B. It has a lot of instable influence on society.
C. It encourages producers to earn the most profit.
D. It changes the basic function of the fashion industry.
30. What did Kate say about slow fashion in the text?
A. It was quality-based and eco-friendly. B. It was multi-functional and productive.
C. It was aimed to balance nature and human. D. It was effective to change consumer lifestyles.
31. Which of the following is suggested in the text?
A. Looking at the key factors of fashion industry.
B. Paying attention to workers' working conditions.
C. Practicing the styles of the fast and slow fashion.
D. Involving more people in the slow fashion movement.
D
Many people list hiccups(嗝)as one of the most annoying problems which are associated with human being. For a group of people, continuous hiccups can seriously harm the quality of life. In the year 2017, the question "what causes hiccups?" was the most searched medical question. That's how much of an issue these hiccups are and it also reflects that this problem is so widespread in our daily life.
Dr. All Seifi, a professor of the University of Texas, was tired of the traditional methods which are used to dispel hiccups, like drinking water or varying breathing techniques. He then came up with the idea that a straw(吸管)could help interrupt hiccups. The straw, which goes by the marketing name HiccAway, requires more power than regular straws in order to draw up liquid. Drinking with this straw can lower the diaphragm(隔膜)while first opening it and then closing it. Doing so stimulates the nerves at the same time, allowing the brain to reset and stop the hiccups.
Dr. James Alvarez of the University of Texas gathered 249 volunteers to use the straw and report back their results. About 92% of the participants said that HiccAway helped their hiccups go away. When it comes to effectiveness, this straw received a score of 4.58 out of 5. About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods. A majority of the participants reported several occasions when they always suffer from hiccups, while about 11 reported daily hiccups issues, and 53 reported that they suffered from hiccups weekly. The frequent sufferers reported back success rates that were consistently as high as people who didn't suffer from them as often.
The one issue is that hiccups are an issue where placebo effect(安慰作用)could likely come into play. A lot of people swear by solutions that do not end up working for others. It is not clear how this trial could be conducted in a more scientific way.
32. What does the underlined word "dispel" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Challenge. B. Remove. C. Terrify. D. Secure.
33. What was the participants' impression of Dr. Seifi's method?
A. It was beneficial for their brainpower. B. It was helpful for them to behave actively.
C. It was more effective than traditional ones. D. It was good for them to improve their ability.
34. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the straw?
A. Its wide popularity. B. Its experimental process.
C. Its major function. D. Its experimental result.
35. What can we infer about the study from the text?
A. A further research should be involved in the study.
B. The new method should be approved by scientists.
C. The study has caught people's attention on hiccups.
D. Many people hope that hiccups should be soon cured.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In a noisy world, the sound of silence is a gentle friend. Though it's available to all, silence is rarely embraced. Quiet relaxes, restores and helps you a lot. 36 The average person wakes up to an alarm and then turns on the radio or TV. Outside, planes roar and cars honk. In fact, too much noise can actually reduce your cognitive(认知的)function and lifespan.
It is time to tap into silence, a necessary and forgotten natural resource. Just setting aside 30 minutes a day for pure silence is healing. Shut off your phone, turn off the music, and spend time alone. Similar to meditation, this precious time allows your brain to refresh cognitive functions including creativity. 37
Two hours of silence per day can be helpful to cell development in the brain, where memories are formed. Even though relaxing music can be effective, silence is ideal. 38 When surrounded by silence, your consciousness has more freedom to process information. This can lead to better decision making and more acute self-awareness.
39 A recent report suggested that one in three people lose a whole year off their life due to noise. And this is linked to heart disease, sleep loss and high blood pressure.
Although many find silence to be empty and boring, it is a gift and a rare thing like gold. 40 And then simply stay with it. When you embrace it and let it fill you, you are open to healing and wellness.
A. Silence can generate brain cells.
B. Silence may assist in self-reflection.
C. Too much noise can have the opposite effect.
D. Try to move forward to a place of pure silence.
E. Noise can improve your ability to calm down quickly.
F. You may be so used to sounds and you hardly notice them.
G. This time will also help you to reconnect with your inner self.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My dad was a serious amateur sailor. He and his friend Chuck 41 the North American Championship, sailing the beautiful wooden Dragons. One year they won the 42 to go to the Olympics.
Dad didn't become 43 overnight. He had to work at his skill. As a kid, that first summer he had his own small sailboat, he 44 in all the races in the bay and came in last every time.
At the end of the season, when awards were being 45 , something happened. An elderly lady, who had watched Dad's slow but steady 46 , stepped out of her house. She generously 47 a prize made especially for him. "The Hope Cup," she said. No other award could match the promise of hope-a quality fixed in my dad and 48 us.
As a parent, he was a better sailing 49 . How well I remember him taking me out in our boat, the wind still 50 , the water smooth in the morning hours. "Where do you feel the wind coming from?" he asked. "Look at the flags and they'll show the 51 in which it is blowing. However, every good 52 learns how to feel it."
"Now," he said, "look at the sail." If the sail 53 back and forth, I needed to pull in it. If the wind was behind us, I was to let out the sail. Since then, sailing has been 54 to me. I've learned that we can sail 55 as long as we keep track of the wind.
41. A. lost B. gained C. challenged D. changed
42. A. opportunity B. game C. fame D. trust
43. A. helpful B. cheerful C. successful D. wealthy
44. A. existed B. competed C. majored D. succeeded
45. A. given out B. made up C. sent away D. taken down
46. A. behavior B. smile C. gesture D. progress
47. A. reached B. offered C, handed D. transformed
48. A. left behind B. kept up with C. passed on to D. put forward to
49. A. instructor B. player C. guard D. lifter
50. A. quiet B. tight C. soft D. fierce
51. A. time B. way C. strength D. direction
52. A. swimmer B. sailor C. author D. learner
53. A. turned B. floated C. shook D. fell
54. A. impossible B. unbelievable C. valueless D. effortless
55. A. smoothly B. happily C. wildly D. aimlessly
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sea turtles live in coastal areas and open waters all over the world. However, many species of them are endangered or critically endangered. What is the 56 (great) threat to them? There is no doubt that the most dangerous one is industrial-scale fisheries. Sea turtles get caught in nets 57 (intend) to catch other animals. Abandoned gear(渔具)also caused danger to them. Besides, climate change is causing more storms and 58 rise in sea levels, which have destroyed nesting places.
Coastal development 59 (affect)sea turtles in the past years. Pollution harms the animals and vehicles pack down beach sand, 60 makes it hard for female sea turtles to dig nests. And lights from buildings and roads confuse the baby turtles and lead them away 61 the ocean. Very few of them will make it to adulthood, so each adult turtle is 62 (extreme) special.
Many people and 63 (organization)are working to change the situation. The World Wildlife Fund(WWF)is working with fisheries 64 (help)them switch to more friendly fishing hooks and nets. Installing LED lights inside of nets can also help catch sea turtles' attention to their 65 (exist), so the animals can swim around them. Through these efforts, people hope they can really save these sea turtles.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你校跳绳俱乐部将举行活动，想邀请新西兰交换生Mary参加。现请你给她写一封邮件，包括以下内容：
1.活动的时间和地点；
2.活动的内容；
3.邀请参加。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：跳绳skip rope
Dear Mary,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, my husband Mike and I decided to climb Nippletop Mountains. Our friends Emily and Jane gladly joined us. They were all experienced hikers.
We set off in the morning. It took us less than five hours to get to the top. It was almost 1:30 p. m. We'd have to head down soon, while it was still light out.
A friendly young hiker waved to us. "Hey, want me to take your picture?" "Absolutely!" I said. Emily and Jane squeezed in next to us. Mike gave the hiker his phone. He took a few pictures. We took a different trail so we could get down before dark. It was steeper but shorter.
We spaced ourselves apart so we wouldn't fall on each other. I led the way, setting a fast pace. The trail grew steeper. Carefully I sidestepped down the slope. A quarter mile down, I stopped and looked up the trail for the others. I couldn't see them.
Then a scream pierced the quiet. Mike! He must have fallen. I climbed up the frozen slope. Finally I saw him. His hands were seizing his right leg. My eyes went to his foot, which pointed the wrong way. I shouted. "What happened?" "I slipped on the ice," he said.
"Don't worry," I said, searching into my backpack but found nothing for a broken bone. Moments later, my friends came cautiously down. Jane checked Mike's ankle. "We need to fix it with sticks," she said.
"Here, try this," I said, handing over my hiking poles. I peeled off one of my shirts. Jane fixed a pole to Mike's leg. But there was no way the three of us could carry him down this mountain. I pulled out my cell phone and dialed 911. No signal.
"Can I help?" It was the guy who'd taken our picture at the summit. "My husband fell. He's hurt, and I don't have service here." "Take mine," he said. "I got service near the top." I'd have to leave Mike and climb higher to get service.
注意：
1.写作词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I kept trying 911, redialing even as I picked up speed.
At last, a ranger(管理员)appeared, shouldering a green backpack.
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CBCAB 6—10 CAABC 11—15 BACAB 16—20 CBCBA
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个网上园艺课程。
21. B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二则介绍可知，“Garden Tutor”是面对初学者的，且完全免费。故答案选B项。
22. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三则介绍中的“Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners”可知，“Cornell Gardener Program”适合各层次的人。故答案选D项。
23. A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四则介绍中的“Skillshare Gardening Courses”可知，课程的时间非常灵活。故答案选A项。
B
【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了以色利一家非营利组织进入校园指导学生学习水培技术的故事。
24. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming”可知，水培技术消耗更少的水并且产量比传统种植高。故答案选D项。
25. C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“The students were excited to see results in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1500 vegetables per month”可知，水培技术栽种的蔬菜在30天内可以采摘，耗时短。故答案选C项。
26. B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Teaching the next generation is an effective way to change the future”和最后两段的内容可判断，Startup Roots指导学生学水培技术的终极目标是改变他们的未来生活方式。故答案选B项。
27. A
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是一家非营利组织如何指导学生学习水培技术从而让他们成为擅长水培技术的人。比较选项可知，A项符合。
C
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，作者在文章中介绍了快时尚、可持续时尚和慢时尚三种形式，建议人们选择有益环境且追求品质的慢时尚。
28. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Natural clothing materials and low-impact manufacturing are large parts of the sustainable fashion movement.”可知，可持续时尚主要关注的是时尚对环境的影响。答案选D项。
29. B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“People had begun to notice the instability of the fast fashion model — from the employment of workers to pollution.”可知，快时尚注重的是便宜、时髦且批量生产的衣服，导致了一些不稳定情况的发生。故答案选B项。
30. A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“When Kate first described slow fashion, … it has developed over time to function even more.”可知，作家凯特·福莱特认为慢时尚讲究的是品质而不是数量，同时还要注重环保。故答案选A项。
31. D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Adopting a slow-fashion way of living may seem frightening if consumers are new to the movement; however, it doesn’t have to be difficult.”可知，以及文中提到的慢时尚的益处，作者建议人们选择慢时尚这种形式。故答案选D项。
D
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，打嗝困扰人们的生活，人们往往通过喝水和改变呼吸技巧等方法处理打嗝。最近，科学家们正在测试新的方法：通过吸管来处理打嗝。
32. B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文的“like drinking water or varying breathing techniques”可知，喝水和改变呼吸技巧等方式可以消除打嗝。由此可知，该词意为“消除”，跟B项同义。
33. C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods.”可知，绝大部分参与者都说这种消除打嗝的方法效果明显。故答案选C项。
34. D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，该段主要讲的是处理打嗝用的吸管的测试结果，结果表明这种方法效果很好。故答案选D项。
35. A
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，这种处理打嗝的方法还有待更加科学的测试，从而测试出这种方法的效果是否明显。故答案选A项。
第二节
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了寂静给人们带来的益处以及人们如何置身于寂静的世界。
36. F
【解析】根据下文的“The average person wakes up to an alarm and then turns on the radio or TV. Outside, planes roar and cars honk.”可知，空格处应该讲的是每个人都习惯了各种各样的声音。故选F项。
37. G
【解析】根据上文的“Similar to meditation, this precious time allows your brain to refresh cognitive functions including creativity.”可知，空格处应该讲的是这段寂静给人带来的益处。比较选项可知，G项符合。
38. B
【解析】根据下文的“When surrounded by silence, your consciousness has more freedom to process information”可知，空格处应该讲的是寂静对人心理活动的影响。比较选项可知，B项符合。
39. C
【解析】根据本段的内容可知，空格处应该讲的是过多噪音对人体负面的影响。故选C项。
40. D
【解析】根据下文的“And then simply stay with it”可知，空格处应该讲的是让自己置身于一个寂静的世界。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在文章中讲述了父亲驾驶帆船的经历和教作者驾驶帆船的故事。
41. B
【解析】根据下文的“the North American Championship”可知，父亲和他的朋友曾获过北美帆船比赛冠军。故答案选B项。
42. A
【解析】根据下文的“to go to the Olympics”可知，父亲和朋友获得了参加奥运会的机会。故答案选A项。
43. C
【解析】根据下文的“He had to work at his skill.”和下文的内容可知，父亲天资不高，但他靠自己的努力一步一步走向成功。故答案选C项。
44. B
【解析】根据下文的“in all the races in the bay and came in last every time”可知，父亲参加许多比赛，但每次都排在最后一名。故答案选B项。
45. A
【解析】根据上文的“awards were being”可知，当所有奖项发完之后，发生了一件有趣的事情。故答案选A项。give out意为“分发，颁发”。
46. D
【解析】根据上文的“slow but steady”可知，这位年迈的女士目睹了父亲的进步。故答案选D项。
47. B
【解析】根据下文的“a prize made especially for him”可知，她给父亲颁发了专门为他定制的奖杯----希望之杯。故答案选B项。
48. C
【解析】根据上文的“a quality fixed in my dad”和下文的“us”可知，对未来要满怀希望，这是父亲身上的品质，这种品质也传递到作者身上。故答案选C项。pass on to意为“传递，传给”，符合语境。
49. A
【解析】下文讲到父亲教作者如何进行帆船训练，由此可知，父亲是一位优秀的帆船教练员。故答案选A项。
50. C
【解析】根据下文的“the water smooth in the morning hours”可知，早晨，海风轻柔，水波平静。故答案选C项。
51. D
【解析】根据上文的“You can look at the flags on the beach”和下文的“it is blowing”可知，海滩上的旗飘动的方向就是风向。故答案选D项。
52. B
【解析】根据上下文的内容可知，作为一个优秀的水手，他必须学会如何凭感觉判断方向。故答案选B项。
53. C
【解析】根据下文的“back and forth”可知，如果帆船上的帆前后摇动，那水手得把帆收起来。故答案选C项。
54. D
【解析】根据上文的内容可知，父亲教会自己驾驶帆船，航行便是一件轻而易举的事。effortless意为“容易的，不费力气的”。
55. A
【解析】根据下文的“as long as we keep track of the wind”可知，只要我们把握好风向，我们就可以平稳地驶向远方。故答案选A项。
第二节
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了海龟恶劣的生存环境及它们所面临的威胁。
56. greatest
【解析】考查形容词比较等级。根据下文的“There is no doubt that the most dangerous one is fisheries”可知，空格处应该填great的最高级。
57. intended
【解析】考查非谓语动词。intend的逻辑主语为nets，主语和谓语为被动关系，故空格处应该填过去分词表示被动。
58. a
【解析】考查冠词。根据下文的“rise in sea levels”可知，气候变化带来更多的暴风雨和海平面的上升。rise是可数名词，空格处应该填不定冠词a。
59. has affected
【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语“in the past years”可知，空格处应该填现在完成时。
60. which
【解析】考查定语从句。上文提到的“污染和沙滩上的车辆”对雌性海龟孵化的影响，上文是由and连接的并列句，下文为非限制性定语从句。
61. from
【解析】考查介词。lead sb./sth. away from意为“带领某人/某物远离”。
62. extremely
【解析】考查副词。副词在句中充当状语，修饰形容词special。
63. organizations
【解析】考查名词。根据上文的“Many people”可知，空格处应该填organization的复数形式。
64. to help
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词不定式在句中充当目的状语。
65. existence
【解析】考查词形转换。根据上文的“their”可知，空格处应该填exist的名词形式。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mary,
In the following week, our rope skipping club will hold a series of activities to improve students’ fitness and health. I’m writing to invite you to join us.
These activities will take place from 4:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. every weekday in the gym. All you need to prepare is a skipping rope, loose and comfortable clothing and a pair of suitable sport shoes. You needn’t worry about your skill because several professional coaches will guide us to improve our skills. Moreover, a small competition will be ready for participants every day.
I really hope you can join us and have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
评分细则
档次
描述
第五档
(13-15分)
（1）覆盖所有内容要点
（2）应用了较多的语法结构和词汇
（3）语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致，具备较强的语言运用能力
（4）有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了预期的写作目的
第四档
(10-12分)
（1）虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容
（2）应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
（3）语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致
（4）应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑达到了预期的写作目的
第三档
(7-9分)
（1）虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容
（2）应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
（3）有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解
（4）应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的
第二档
(4-6分)
（1）漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容
（2）语法结构单调、词汇项目有限
（3）有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解
（4）较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性信息未能清楚地传达给读者
第一档
(1-3分)
（1）明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求
（2）语法结构单调、词汇项目有限
（3）较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解
（4）缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯信息未能传达给读者
第二节
One possible version:
I kept trying 911, redialing even as I picked up speed. Just above the tree line, the call finally went through. I did my best to tell the location and trouble we had. And then I returned the phone to its owner, but he stayed in case he could help. I talked and joked with Mike to keep his spirits up. The rest of us kept moving to stay warm. Several hours went by. Nobody came.
At last, a ranger appeared, shouldering a green backpack. She took charge immediately. “We’re going to airlift him out,” she said. “You need to cut down trees so your husband doesn’t hit them as he’s being raised.” We managed to cut down six trees in half an hour. By now, the helicopter was overhead. The ranger radioed the pilot, and he dropped a rope. He rose slowly in the air. Thinking Mike would be at the hospital, I was in relief and felt grateful for all the people who helped Mike.
评分细则
档次
描述
第五档
（21—25分）
1. 与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理
2. 所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达
3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑
第四档
（16—20分）
1. 与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理
2. 所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但不影响意义表达
3. 比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写的短文结构紧凑
第三档
（11—15分）
1. 与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接
2. 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但不影响意义表达
3. 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯
第二档
（6—10分）
1. 与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接
2. 语法结构单调，词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达
3. 较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性
第一档
（1—5分）
1. 与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差
2. 语法结构单调，词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达
3. 缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯
听力录音文本
Text 1
W: Have you already made your plans for New Year’s Day?
M: My family has decided to visit my grandparents in the countryside and I may meet some friends or relatives there.
Text 2
M: Linda is going to have a party. Have you been invited?
W: Yeah. She said she had sent me an e-mail and a text message but I happened not to see them. So she called me last night and told me that.
Text 3
M: Excuse me. Do those passengers flying to Tokyo board from Gate 24?
W: Wait for a moment. Let me see. … Oh, I’m sorry. It just changed. The boarding gate is 26, down that way on the right.
M: Thank you very much.
Text 4
M: Oh, no! I haven’t got my camera!
W: But you used it just now to take a photograph of the museum.
M: Oh, I remember, I put it down on the steps while putting my coat on.
W: Well, let’s drive back quickly –– it might still be there.
Text 5
M: Do you know something about that position in that company?
W: I know it is challenging. But I really want to have a try.
M: So you have determined to apply for that position?
W: That’s right. I wish to shoulder more responsibility.
Text 6
W: Your passport, please.
M: Wait a minute. Oh, where is my passport? I can’t find it. But I have a very important business tomorrow. So I have to catch this flight.
W: I’m sorry. You’d better look for it carefully.
M: Oh, thank goodness. Here it is.
W: OK, I have to ask you a question. Where are you going to stay in that country?
M: I will stay at the Hilton Hotel in Paris for two days.
Text 7
M: Hello, Kate, what’s going on? Have you adapted to your new job here?
W: Don’t mention it. I just feel what I learned in school is meaningless.
M: What is your daily job?
W: Well, I just do some jobs like answering the phones, fetching something for others and copying files. I think they are small and unimportant.
M: Oh! So you don’t really like your job?
W: That’s right. I want to do something based on my major –– marketing and sales. I want to change my daily jobs.
M: Maybe you can talk with your boss about your request.
W: That’s a good idea. I hope to find a good chance to do that.
M: Linda, don’t worry. If you work your way up, you’ll do your favorite job soon. I’m sure you’ll do just fine.
W: Thanks.
Text 8
M: Hey, Julie, do you mind my closing the window?
W: You’d better not. If you feel cold, have your sweater on.
M: OK. But why do you insist on keeping the window open in a late autumn night?
W: In fact, I can’t stand the smell of the new furniture. Do you know how to get rid of it?
M: Well, maybe we can surf the Internet and see if we can come up with something.
W: OK. There is a video titled “How to Kill the Smell of Paint.”
M: Yes. It shows: Set a candle in the middle of the room and light it. Leave it lit for about two or three hours.
W: Wow, sounds very simple!Where have you put them?
M: What?
W: Definitely, candles. I remembered we bought many candles last Christmas.
M: OK. Let me join you.
Text 9
W: Harper’s Department Store. Mail order department. Hold on. Sorry about the delay. Can I help you?
M: Yes. I’ve got a problem with an order.
W: What’s the order number?
M: Uh, JV4-0-0-9-3-3-2-4 GKS. I ordered two chairs. They haven’t arrived.
W: Oh, dear. I am sorry. We’ve been having trouble with our computer system.
M: Well, when can I expect them? You’ve already taken the money from my credit card.
W: Oh, I see. They arrived at our store three weeks ago. I’m surprised you haven’t got them.
M: So am I. When am I going to get them?
W: You’ll have to call the store. I can give you the number. Have you got a pen?
M: Yes, somewhere, right. What is it?
W: 01511, 4-9-8-0-5-4. They’re closed at the moment. Can you call them between seven o’clock and seven thirty tomorrow morning? I’m sorry I can’t help.
M: Oh, don’t be sorry. I shall never buy anything from Harper’s again.
Text 10
The two most famous faces in Britain today belong to two women who appear on television almost every night. If you open any popular magazine or newspaper you’ll almost certainly see an article about one of them, with lots of photographs. Their names are Susan Rippon and Anna Ford. Susan reads the 9 o’clock news on BBC Television, and Anna reads the 10 o’clock news on Independent Television.
Most news announcers on British television are men, and when Susan began her job at the BBC three years ago, she was the first woman news announcer. Newspapers and magazines started to take an interest in her and reporters started to write about her. Last year, Independent Television also decided to have a woman news announcer and they chose Anna Ford.
When Anna read the news for the first time on the 10 o’clock program, millions of people who don’t normally watch the program decided to watch it that night, to see Anna Ford.
绝密★启用前
2022届高三第一次大联考
英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19. 15. B.￡9. 18. C.￡9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What will the man do on the coming New Year's Day?
A. Go out with friends. B. Visit some classmates. C. Visit his grandparents.
2. How did the woman know about the party?
A. From a message. B. From a call. C. From an e-mail.
3. Which is the right gate for the man's flight to Tokyo?
A. Gate 24. B. Gate 25. C. Gate 26.
4. Where is the man's camera probably?
A. On the steps. B. In the shop. C. In his car.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A company. B. A position. C. The income.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man taking the trip?
A. For sightseeing. B. For study. C. For business.
7. How long will the man stay in Paris?
A. For two days. B. For four days. C. For two weeks.
听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman dislike her job?
A. It isn't meaningful. B. It isn't well paid. C. She doesn't get promoted.
9. What is the woman's major?
A. Market research. B. Marketing and sales. C. Management.
10. What does the man suggest doing?
A. Keeping a good mood. B. Changing her job. C. Talking with her boss.
听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the man want to do?
A. Open the door. B. Shut the window. C. Put on the sweater.
12. Why do the speakers search the Internet?
A. To look for advice. B. To download a video. C. To buy some furniture.
13. What will the speakers do next?
A. Shop for Christmas. B. Go to bed. C. Look for candles.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第17题。
14. What's the man complaining about?
A. A delayed delivery. B. A wrong delivery. C. An overpaid order.
15. What did the man order from the department store?
A. Tables. B. Chairs. C. Couches.
16. What went wrong in Harper's Department Store?
A. Power system. B. Security system. C. Computer system.
17. What does the man think of the store's service?
A. Satisfied. B. Unsatisfied. C. Just-so-so.
听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18. What are Susan Rippon and Anna Ford?
A. News photographers. B. News editors. C. News announcers.
19. When did Susan begin her job at BBC?
A. One year ago. B. Three years ago. C. Thirteen years ago.
20. How did people react when Anna worked for the first time?
A. Curious. B. Dull. C. Nervous.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Online master gardener programs allow you to learn more about plants and gardening. Some of them can also provide certification to those who wish to benefit their community in broader ways.
Advanced Permaculture Design
*Price: About $495(Plus $60 registration free).
*Experience Level: Suitable for experienced learners.
*Reasons: If you are looking for something more in-depth, then these courses offer more advanced instruction in permaculture.
*Advantages: Opportunity to advance skills in permaculture; aid in professional development.
*Disadvantages: Not suitable for beginners.
Garden Tutor
*Price: Free.
*Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.
*Reasons: This course is free and it is suitable for beginners.
* Advantages: Completely free of charge; suitable for complete learners.
*Disadvantages: No route to certification; simpler and less comprehensive than paid courses.
Cornell Gardener Program
*Price: About $675 for a six-week organic gardening course.
*Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners.
*Reasons: This is one of our top picks because of the institution's excellent reputation.
*Advantages: Focus on organic, eco-friendly gardening, flexible online learning; small class sizes.
*Disadvantages: Costly option; full master gardener certification only available to local residents.
Skillshare Gardening Courses
*Price: Low prices which vary in courses.
*Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.
*Reasons: These courses offer various opportunities to learn more about gardening. If gardening is a hobby, taking one or more of them could be a great alternative to a full master gardener program.
*Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules.
*Disadvantages: No route to certification.
21. Which of the following online programs charges nothing?
A. Advanced Permaculture Design. B. Garden Tutor.
C. Cornell Gardener Program. D. Skillshare Gardening Courses.
22. What makes Cornell Gardener program different from others?
A. It only offers a short-term course. B. It doesn't charge any registration fee.
C. It is known for environmental protection. D. It is intended for learners of different levels.
23. What may Skillshare Gardening Courses attract beginners most?
A. Its flexible schedule. B. Its route to certification.
C. Its teaching method. D. Its experienced masters.
B
Teaching the next generation is an effective way to change the future. A nonprofit in Israel has taken this to heart by greening schools with soilless farming. It is called Startup Roots, which is teaching students about hydroponics(水培), and as a result, they are learning nutrition and science.
"Many children think that vegetables come from the grocery store. They have no concept of the chain behind it. So we try to connect kids with the source of their food," said Robin Katz, founder of this organization. Katz started it in 2014.realizing that many children have no access to fresh, healthy and affordable produce. She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming.
Their first project created a soilless farm using just 100 square meters of a school. They started out by growing 14 plants per meter. The students were excited to see results in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1500 vegetables per month!
Working with science teachers, the organization guides students to learn science and nutrition. In addition, it has brought in nutritionists to teach the effect that food choices have on health. It soon improved their methods by fixing vertical farming systems. Since then, their production has improved greatly, resulting in the production of 120 plants per meter.
In order to educate the general population, the organization is also working to create an interactive urban agriculture exhibit, which is transforming students by turning them into interactive learners. More youth have become so fascinated by the process, they are eagerly researching plant seeds and are growing plants.
"There is no greater pleasure than to watch students grow by growing," said Katz. Aside from producing organic vegetables in schools, the organization is planting roots in this young generation, inspiring them to lead healthier and more environmentally-friendly lives.
24. Why did Robin Katz show interest in hydroponics?
A. It took less land than traditional farming. B. It caused no damage to the environment.
C. It was easy to produce good vegetables. D. It saved water and had a higher yield.
25. What can we learn about the first soilless farm?
A. It produced 120 plants per meter. B. It relied on vertical farming systems.
C. It produced vegetables in a month. D. It was designed by science teachers.
26. What is the final influence of the new farming system?
A. Students will grow better plants. B. Students will change their lifestyle.
C. Students will protect environment. D. Students will eat organic vegetables.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Inspiring Future Hydroponic Farming B. A Soilless Farm on Exhibition
C. Researching Plant Seeds in Future D. Helping Students Grow Better
C
The general understanding of slow fashion is that it is sustainable(可持续的)fashion with a slightly different focus-speed. In 2007, when author Kate Fletcher coined the term "slow fashion", she called on consumers, designers and brands to slow down and care about quality.
Natural clothing materials and low-impact manufacturing(制造)are large parts of the sustainable fashion movement. This movement has invited a closer look into what sustainability looks like and how a change in thinking and practices could influence the fashion industry. Slow fashion is considered to be a continuation of sustainable fashion. Today, it is distinguished by quality, locally manufactured clothing, producing clothes on a smaller scale and with slower production times. Mindfulness is paid to workers, the environment, and cultural connections.
Slow fashion was a reaction to the rapid development of the fast fashion industry, which focuses on cheap, stylish, mass-produced clothes that have a huge impact on the environment. People had begun to notice the instability of the fast fashion model-from the employment of workers to pollution. However, fashion isn't always like this, and slow fashion aims to take us back to where it began, even before the Industrial Revolution.
When Kate first described slow fashion, she wanted it to focus on quality instead of quantity, in addition to the environmental ideals that were associated with sustainable fashion. Though Kate presented slow fashion as an opportunity to create an effective relationship between designer, production and consumer, it has developed over time to function even more. No longer is slow fashion only a theory on connection and better products; now, it includes consumer lifestyles and ethical production.
As consumers learn more about the troublesome practices within the fashion industry, the circles of sustainability are growing closer. Social media has only helped slow fashion brands reach more consumers. Adopting a slow-fashion way of living may seem frightening if consumers are new to the movement; however, it doesn't have to be difficult.
28. What does sustainable fashion mainly focus on?
A. The lifestyle of the workers.
B. The thinking of the fashion styles.
C. The science of choosing clothing materials.
D. The environmental influence of the fashion industry.
29. What is the disadvantage of the fast fashion industry?
A. It produces clothes of low quality.
B. It has a lot of instable influence on society.
C. It encourages producers to earn the most profit.
D. It changes the basic function of the fashion industry.
30. What did Kate say about slow fashion in the text?
A. It was quality-based and eco-friendly. B. It was multi-functional and productive.
C. It was aimed to balance nature and human. D. It was effective to change consumer lifestyles.
31. Which of the following is suggested in the text?
A. Looking at the key factors of fashion industry.
B. Paying attention to workers' working conditions.
C. Practicing the styles of the fast and slow fashion.
D. Involving more people in the slow fashion movement.
D
Many people list hiccups(嗝)as one of the most annoying problems which are associated with human being. For a group of people, continuous hiccups can seriously harm the quality of life. In the year 2017, the question "what causes hiccups?" was the most searched medical question. That's how much of an issue these hiccups are and it also reflects that this problem is so widespread in our daily life.
Dr. All Seifi, a professor of the University of Texas, was tired of the traditional methods which are used to dispel hiccups, like drinking water or varying breathing techniques. He then came up with the idea that a straw(吸管)could help interrupt hiccups. The straw, which goes by the marketing name HiccAway, requires more power than regular straws in order to draw up liquid. Drinking with this straw can lower the diaphragm(隔膜)while first opening it and then closing it. Doing so stimulates the nerves at the same time, allowing the brain to reset and stop the hiccups.
Dr. James Alvarez of the University of Texas gathered 249 volunteers to use the straw and report back their results. About 92% of the participants said that HiccAway helped their hiccups go away. When it comes to effectiveness, this straw received a score of 4.58 out of 5. About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods. A majority of the participants reported several occasions when they always suffer from hiccups, while about 11 reported daily hiccups issues, and 53 reported that they suffered from hiccups weekly. The frequent sufferers reported back success rates that were consistently as high as people who didn't suffer from them as often.
The one issue is that hiccups are an issue where placebo effect(安慰作用)could likely come into play. A lot of people swear by solutions that do not end up working for others. It is not clear how this trial could be conducted in a more scientific way.
32. What does the underlined word "dispel" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Challenge. B. Remove. C. Terrify. D. Secure.
33. What was the participants' impression of Dr. Seifi's method?
A. It was beneficial for their brainpower. B. It was helpful for them to behave actively.
C. It was more effective than traditional ones. D. It was good for them to improve their ability.
34. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the straw?
A. Its wide popularity. B. Its experimental process.
C. Its major function. D. Its experimental result.
35. What can we infer about the study from the text?
A. A further research should be involved in the study.
B. The new method should be approved by scientists.
C. The study has caught people's attention on hiccups.
D. Many people hope that hiccups should be soon cured.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In a noisy world, the sound of silence is a gentle friend. Though it's available to all, silence is rarely embraced. Quiet relaxes, restores and helps you a lot. 36 The average person wakes up to an alarm and then turns on the radio or TV. Outside, planes roar and cars honk. In fact, too much noise can actually reduce your cognitive(认知的)function and lifespan.
It is time to tap into silence, a necessary and forgotten natural resource. Just setting aside 30 minutes a day for pure silence is healing. Shut off your phone, turn off the music, and spend time alone. Similar to meditation, this precious time allows your brain to refresh cognitive functions including creativity. 37
Two hours of silence per day can be helpful to cell development in the brain, where memories are formed. Even though relaxing music can be effective, silence is ideal. 38 When surrounded by silence, your consciousness has more freedom to process information. This can lead to better decision making and more acute self-awareness.
39 A recent report suggested that one in three people lose a whole year off their life due to noise. And this is linked to heart disease, sleep loss and high blood pressure.
Although many find silence to be empty and boring, it is a gift and a rare thing like gold. 40 And then simply stay with it. When you embrace it and let it fill you, you are open to healing and wellness.
A. Silence can generate brain cells.
B. Silence may assist in self-reflection.
C. Too much noise can have the opposite effect.
D. Try to move forward to a place of pure silence.
E. Noise can improve your ability to calm down quickly.
F. You may be so used to sounds and you hardly notice them.
G. This time will also help you to reconnect with your inner self.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My dad was a serious amateur sailor. He and his friend Chuck 41 the North American Championship, sailing the beautiful wooden Dragons. One year they won the 42 to go to the Olympics.
Dad didn't become 43 overnight. He had to work at his skill. As a kid, that first summer he had his own small sailboat, he 44 in all the races in the bay and came in last every time.
At the end of the season, when awards were being 45 , something happened. An elderly lady, who had watched Dad's slow but steady 46 , stepped out of her house. She generously 47 a prize made especially for him. "The Hope Cup," she said. No other award could match the promise of hope-a quality fixed in my dad and 48 us.
As a parent, he was a better sailing 49 . How well I remember him taking me out in our boat, the wind still 50 , the water smooth in the morning hours. "Where do you feel the wind coming from?" he asked. "Look at the flags and they'll show the 51 in which it is blowing. However, every good 52 learns how to feel it."
"Now," he said, "look at the sail." If the sail 53 back and forth, I needed to pull in it. If the wind was behind us, I was to let out the sail. Since then, sailing has been 54 to me. I've learned that we can sail 55 as long as we keep track of the wind.
41. A. lost B. gained C. challenged D. changed
42. A. opportunity B. game C. fame D. trust
43. A. helpful B. cheerful C. successful D. wealthy
44. A. existed B. competed C. majored D. succeeded
45. A. given out B. made up C. sent away D. taken down
46. A. behavior B. smile C. gesture D. progress
47. A. reached B. offered C, handed D. transformed
48. A. left behind B. kept up with C. passed on to D. put forward to
49. A. instructor B. player C. guard D. lifter
50. A. quiet B. tight C. soft D. fierce
51. A. time B. way C. strength D. direction
52. A. swimmer B. sailor C. author D. learner
53. A. turned B. floated C. shook D. fell
54. A. impossible B. unbelievable C. valueless D. effortless
55. A. smoothly B. happily C. wildly D. aimlessly
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sea turtles live in coastal areas and open waters all over the world. However, many species of them are endangered or critically endangered. What is the 56 (great) threat to them? There is no doubt that the most dangerous one is industrial-scale fisheries. Sea turtles get caught in nets 57 (intend) to catch other animals. Abandoned gear(渔具)also caused danger to them. Besides, climate change is causing more storms and 58 rise in sea levels, which have destroyed nesting places.
Coastal development 59 (affect)sea turtles in the past years. Pollution harms the animals and vehicles pack down beach sand, 60 makes it hard for female sea turtles to dig nests. And lights from buildings and roads confuse the baby turtles and lead them away 61 the ocean. Very few of them will make it to adulthood, so each adult turtle is 62 (extreme) special.
Many people and 63 (organization)are working to change the situation. The World Wildlife Fund(WWF)is working with fisheries 64 (help)them switch to more friendly fishing hooks and nets. Installing LED lights inside of nets can also help catch sea turtles' attention to their 65 (exist), so the animals can swim around them. Through these efforts, people hope they can really save these sea turtles.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你校跳绳俱乐部将举行活动，想邀请新西兰交换生Mary参加。现请你给她写一封邮件，包括以下内容：
1.活动的时间和地点；
2.活动的内容；
3.邀请参加。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：跳绳skip rope
Dear Mary,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, my husband Mike and I decided to climb Nippletop Mountains. Our friends Emily and Jane gladly joined us. They were all experienced hikers.
We set off in the morning. It took us less than five hours to get to the top. It was almost 1:30 p. m. We'd have to head down soon, while it was still light out.
A friendly young hiker waved to us. "Hey, want me to take your picture?" "Absolutely!" I said. Emily and Jane squeezed in next to us. Mike gave the hiker his phone. He took a few pictures. We took a different trail so we could get down before dark. It was steeper but shorter.
We spaced ourselves apart so we wouldn't fall on each other. I led the way, setting a fast pace. The trail grew steeper. Carefully I sidestepped down the slope. A quarter mile down, I stopped and looked up the trail for the others. I couldn't see them.
Then a scream pierced the quiet. Mike! He must have fallen. I climbed up the frozen slope. Finally I saw him. His hands were seizing his right leg. My eyes went to his foot, which pointed the wrong way. I shouted. "What happened?" "I slipped on the ice," he said.
"Don't worry," I said, searching into my backpack but found nothing for a broken bone. Moments later, my friends came cautiously down. Jane checked Mike's ankle. "We need to fix it with sticks," she said.
"Here, try this," I said, handing over my hiking poles. I peeled off one of my shirts. Jane fixed a pole to Mike's leg. But there was no way the three of us could carry him down this mountain. I pulled out my cell phone and dialed 911. No signal.
"Can I help?" It was the guy who'd taken our picture at the summit. "My husband fell. He's hurt, and I don't have service here." "Take mine," he said. "I got service near the top." I'd have to leave Mike and climb higher to get service.
注意：
1.写作词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I kept trying 911, redialing even as I picked up speed.
At last, a ranger(管理员)appeared, shouldering a green backpack.
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CBCAB 6—10 CAABC 11—15 BACAB 16—20 CBCBA
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个网上园艺课程。
21. B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二则介绍可知，“Garden Tutor”是面对初学者的，且完全免费。故答案选B项。
22. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三则介绍中的“Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners”可知，“Cornell Gardener Program”适合各层次的人。故答案选D项。
23. A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四则介绍中的“Skillshare Gardening Courses”可知，课程的时间非常灵活。故答案选A项。
B
【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了以色利一家非营利组织进入校园指导学生学习水培技术的故事。
24. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming”可知，水培技术消耗更少的水并且产量比传统种植高。故答案选D项。
25. C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“The students were excited to see results in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1500 vegetables per month”可知，水培技术栽种的蔬菜在30天内可以采摘，耗时短。故答案选C项。
26. B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Teaching the next generation is an effective way to change the future”和最后两段的内容可判断，Startup Roots指导学生学水培技术的终极目标是改变他们的未来生活方式。故答案选B项。
27. A
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是一家非营利组织如何指导学生学习水培技术从而让他们成为擅长水培技术的人。比较选项可知，A项符合。
C
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，作者在文章中介绍了快时尚、可持续时尚和慢时尚三种形式，建议人们选择有益环境且追求品质的慢时尚。
28. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Natural clothing materials and low-impact manufacturing are large parts of the sustainable fashion movement.”可知，可持续时尚主要关注的是时尚对环境的影响。答案选D项。
29. B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“People had begun to notice the instability of the fast fashion model — from the employment of workers to pollution.”可知，快时尚注重的是便宜、时髦且批量生产的衣服，导致了一些不稳定情况的发生。故答案选B项。
30. A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“When Kate first described slow fashion, … it has developed over time to function even more.”可知，作家凯特·福莱特认为慢时尚讲究的是品质而不是数量，同时还要注重环保。故答案选A项。
31. D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Adopting a slow-fashion way of living may seem frightening if consumers are new to the movement; however, it doesn’t have to be difficult.”可知，以及文中提到的慢时尚的益处，作者建议人们选择慢时尚这种形式。故答案选D项。
D
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，打嗝困扰人们的生活，人们往往通过喝水和改变呼吸技巧等方法处理打嗝。最近，科学家们正在测试新的方法：通过吸管来处理打嗝。
32. B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文的“like drinking water or varying breathing techniques”可知，喝水和改变呼吸技巧等方式可以消除打嗝。由此可知，该词意为“消除”，跟B项同义。
33. C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods.”可知，绝大部分参与者都说这种消除打嗝的方法效果明显。故答案选C项。
34. D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，该段主要讲的是处理打嗝用的吸管的测试结果，结果表明这种方法效果很好。故答案选D项。
35. A
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，这种处理打嗝的方法还有待更加科学的测试，从而测试出这种方法的效果是否明显。故答案选A项。
第二节
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了寂静给人们带来的益处以及人们如何置身于寂静的世界。
36. F
【解析】根据下文的“The average person wakes up to an alarm and then turns on the radio or TV. Outside, planes roar and cars honk.”可知，空格处应该讲的是每个人都习惯了各种各样的声音。故选F项。
37. G
【解析】根据上文的“Similar to meditation, this precious time allows your brain to refresh cognitive functions including creativity.”可知，空格处应该讲的是这段寂静给人带来的益处。比较选项可知，G项符合。
38. B
【解析】根据下文的“When surrounded by silence, your consciousness has more freedom to process information”可知，空格处应该讲的是寂静对人心理活动的影响。比较选项可知，B项符合。
39. C
【解析】根据本段的内容可知，空格处应该讲的是过多噪音对人体负面的影响。故选C项。
40. D
【解析】根据下文的“And then simply stay with it”可知，空格处应该讲的是让自己置身于一个寂静的世界。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在文章中讲述了父亲驾驶帆船的经历和教作者驾驶帆船的故事。
41. B
【解析】根据下文的“the North American Championship”可知，父亲和他的朋友曾获过北美帆船比赛冠军。故答案选B项。
42. A
【解析】根据下文的“to go to the Olympics”可知，父亲和朋友获得了参加奥运会的机会。故答案选A项。
43. C
【解析】根据下文的“He had to work at his skill.”和下文的内容可知，父亲天资不高，但他靠自己的努力一步一步走向成功。故答案选C项。
44. B
【解析】根据下文的“in all the races in the bay and came in last every time”可知，父亲参加许多比赛，但每次都排在最后一名。故答案选B项。
45. A
【解析】根据上文的“awards were being”可知，当所有奖项发完之后，发生了一件有趣的事情。故答案选A项。give out意为“分发，颁发”。
46. D
【解析】根据上文的“slow but steady”可知，这位年迈的女士目睹了父亲的进步。故答案选D项。
47. B
【解析】根据下文的“a prize made especially for him”可知，她给父亲颁发了专门为他定制的奖杯----希望之杯。故答案选B项。
48. C
【解析】根据上文的“a quality fixed in my dad”和下文的“us”可知，对未来要满怀希望，这是父亲身上的品质，这种品质也传递到作者身上。故答案选C项。pass on to意为“传递，传给”，符合语境。
49. A
【解析】下文讲到父亲教作者如何进行帆船训练，由此可知，父亲是一位优秀的帆船教练员。故答案选A项。
50. C
【解析】根据下文的“the water smooth in the morning hours”可知，早晨，海风轻柔，水波平静。故答案选C项。
51. D
【解析】根据上文的“You can look at the flags on the beach”和下文的“it is blowing”可知，海滩上的旗飘动的方向就是风向。故答案选D项。
52. B
【解析】根据上下文的内容可知，作为一个优秀的水手，他必须学会如何凭感觉判断方向。故答案选B项。
53. C
【解析】根据下文的“back and forth”可知，如果帆船上的帆前后摇动，那水手得把帆收起来。故答案选C项。
54. D
【解析】根据上文的内容可知，父亲教会自己驾驶帆船，航行便是一件轻而易举的事。effortless意为“容易的，不费力气的”。
55. A
【解析】根据下文的“as long as we keep track of the wind”可知，只要我们把握好风向，我们就可以平稳地驶向远方。故答案选A项。
第二节
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了海龟恶劣的生存环境及它们所面临的威胁。
56. greatest
【解析】考查形容词比较等级。根据下文的“There is no doubt that the most dangerous one is fisheries”可知，空格处应该填great的最高级。
57. intended
【解析】考查非谓语动词。intend的逻辑主语为nets，主语和谓语为被动关系，故空格处应该填过去分词表示被动。
58. a
【解析】考查冠词。根据下文的“rise in sea levels”可知，气候变化带来更多的暴风雨和海平面的上升。rise是可数名词，空格处应该填不定冠词a。
59. has affected
【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语“in the past years”可知，空格处应该填现在完成时。
60. which
【解析】考查定语从句。上文提到的“污染和沙滩上的车辆”对雌性海龟孵化的影响，上文是由and连接的并列句，下文为非限制性定语从句。
61. from
【解析】考查介词。lead sb./sth. away from意为“带领某人/某物远离”。
62. extremely
【解析】考查副词。副词在句中充当状语，修饰形容词special。
63. organizations
【解析】考查名词。根据上文的“Many people”可知，空格处应该填organization的复数形式。
64. to help
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词不定式在句中充当目的状语。
65. existence
【解析】考查词形转换。根据上文的“their”可知，空格处应该填exist的名词形式。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mary,
In the following week, our rope skipping club will hold a series of activities to improve students’ fitness and health. I’m writing to invite you to join us.
These activities will take place from 4:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. every weekday in the gym. All you need to prepare is a skipping rope, loose and comfortable clothing and a pair of suitable sport shoes. You needn’t worry about your skill because several professional coaches will guide us to improve our skills. Moreover, a small competition will be ready for participants every day.
I really hope you can join us and have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
评分细则
档次
描述
第五档
(13-15分)
（1）覆盖所有内容要点
（2）应用了较多的语法结构和词汇
（3）语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致，具备较强的语言运用能力
（4）有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了预期的写作目的
第四档
(10-12分)
（1）虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容
（2）应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
（3）语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致
（4）应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑达到了预期的写作目的
第三档
(7-9分)
（1）虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容
（2）应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
（3）有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解
（4）应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的
第二档
(4-6分)
（1）漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容
（2）语法结构单调、词汇项目有限
（3）有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解
（4）较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性信息未能清楚地传达给读者
第一档
(1-3分)
（1）明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求
（2）语法结构单调、词汇项目有限
（3）较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解
（4）缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯信息未能传达给读者
第二节
One possible version:
I kept trying 911, redialing even as I picked up speed. Just above the tree line, the call finally went through. I did my best to tell the location and trouble we had. And then I returned the phone to its owner, but he stayed in case he could help. I talked and joked with Mike to keep his spirits up. The rest of us kept moving to stay warm. Several hours went by. Nobody came.
At last, a ranger appeared, shouldering a green backpack. She took charge immediately. “We’re going to airlift him out,” she said. “You need to cut down trees so your husband doesn’t hit them as he’s being raised.” We managed to cut down six trees in half an hour. By now, the helicopter was overhead. The ranger radioed the pilot, and he dropped a rope. He rose slowly in the air. Thinking Mike would be at the hospital, I was in relief and felt grateful for all the people who helped Mike.
评分细则
档次
描述
第五档
（21—25分）
1. 与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理
2. 所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达
3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑
第四档
（16—20分）
1. 与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理
2. 所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但不影响意义表达
3. 比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写的短文结构紧凑
第三档
（11—15分）
1. 与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接
2. 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但不影响意义表达
3. 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯
第二档
（6—10分）
1. 与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接
2. 语法结构单调，词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达
3. 较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性
第一档
（1—5分）
1. 与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差
2. 语法结构单调，词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达
3. 缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯
听力录音文本
Text 1
W: Have you already made your plans for New Year’s Day?
M: My family has decided to visit my grandparents in the countryside and I may meet some friends or relatives there.
Text 2
M: Linda is going to have a party. Have you been invited?
W: Yeah. She said she had sent me an e-mail and a text message but I happened not to see them. So she called me last night and told me that.
Text 3
M: Excuse me. Do those passengers flying to Tokyo board from Gate 24?
W: Wait for a moment. Let me see. … Oh, I’m sorry. It just changed. The boarding gate is 26, down that way on the right.
M: Thank you very much.
Text 4
M: Oh, no! I haven’t got my camera!
W: But you used it just now to take a photograph of the museum.
M: Oh, I remember, I put it down on the steps while putting my coat on.
W: Well, let’s drive back quickly –– it might still be there.
Text 5
M: Do you know something about that position in that company?
W: I know it is challenging. But I really want to have a try.
M: So you have determined to apply for that position?
W: That’s right. I wish to shoulder more responsibility.
Text 6
W: Your passport, please.
M: Wait a minute. Oh, where is my passport? I can’t find it. But I have a very important business tomorrow. So I have to catch this flight.
W: I’m sorry. You’d better look for it carefully.
M: Oh, thank goodness. Here it is.
W: OK, I have to ask you a question. Where are you going to stay in that country?
M: I will stay at the Hilton Hotel in Paris for two days.
Text 7
M: Hello, Kate, what’s going on? Have you adapted to your new job here?
W: Don’t mention it. I just feel what I learned in school is meaningless.
M: What is your daily job?
W: Well, I just do some jobs like answering the phones, fetching something for others and copying files. I think they are small and unimportant.
M: Oh! So you don’t really like your job?
W: That’s right. I want to do something based on my major –– marketing and sales. I want to change my daily jobs.
M: Maybe you can talk with your boss about your request.
W: That’s a good idea. I hope to find a good chance to do that.
M: Linda, don’t worry. If you work your way up, you’ll do your favorite job soon. I’m sure you’ll do just fine.
W: Thanks.
Text 8
M: Hey, Julie, do you mind my closing the window?
W: You’d better not. If you feel cold, have your sweater on.
M: OK. But why do you insist on keeping the window open in a late autumn night?
W: In fact, I can’t stand the smell of the new furniture. Do you know how to get rid of it?
M: Well, maybe we can surf the Internet and see if we can come up with something.
W: OK. There is a video titled “How to Kill the Smell of Paint.”
M: Yes. It shows: Set a candle in the middle of the room and light it. Leave it lit for about two or three hours.
W: Wow, sounds very simple!Where have you put them?
M: What?
W: Definitely, candles. I remembered we bought many candles last Christmas.
M: OK. Let me join you.
Text 9
W: Harper’s Department Store. Mail order department. Hold on. Sorry about the delay. Can I help you?
M: Yes. I’ve got a problem with an order.
W: What’s the order number?
M: Uh, JV4-0-0-9-3-3-2-4 GKS. I ordered two chairs. They haven’t arrived.
W: Oh, dear. I am sorry. We’ve been having trouble with our computer system.
M: Well, when can I expect them? You’ve already taken the money from my credit card.
W: Oh, I see. They arrived at our store three weeks ago. I’m surprised you haven’t got them.
M: So am I. When am I going to get them?
W: You’ll have to call the store. I can give you the number. Have you got a pen?
M: Yes, somewhere, right. What is it?
W: 01511, 4-9-8-0-5-4. They’re closed at the moment. Can you call them between seven o’clock and seven thirty tomorrow morning? I’m sorry I can’t help.
M: Oh, don’t be sorry. I shall never buy anything from Harper’s again.
Text 10
The two most famous faces in Britain today belong to two women who appear on television almost every night. If you open any popular magazine or newspaper you’ll almost certainly see an article about one of them, with lots of photographs. Their names are Susan Rippon and Anna Ford. Susan reads the 9 o’clock news on BBC Television, and Anna reads the 10 o’clock news on Independent Television.
Most news announcers on British television are men, and when Susan began her job at the BBC three years ago, she was the first woman news announcer. Newspapers and magazines started to take an interest in her and reporters started to write about her. Last year, Independent Television also decided to have a woman news announcer and they chose Anna Ford.
When Anna read the news for the first time on the 10 o’clock program, millions of people who don’t normally watch the program decided to watch it that night, to see Anna Ford.
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