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【中考真题】2018年中考英语真题 广东省省广州市（含解析1）
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这是一份【中考真题】2018年中考英语真题 广东省省广州市（含解析1），共21页。试卷主要包含了语法选择，完形填空，阅读，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省广州市2018年中考英语真题试题
一、语法选择
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、
B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote___1___300 songs and an opera.
Xian was bom in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-___2___mother. He began learning to play___3___violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was___4___cheap and badly made that he___5___not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop_____6_____and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students___7___ studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he_____8_____, Xian became the schools best student_____9_____won several prizes for his talents.
In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan'an___10___music at a college._____11_____there were no pianos in Yan'an at that time Xian still wrote ___12___of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.
In May 1940, Xian _____13_____to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very_____14_____. Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness _____15_____October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian's music, however, lives on in the people's hearts.
1. A. near B. nearly C. nearby D. nearer
2. A. he B. him C. his D. he’s
3. A. a B. an C. the D. this
4. A. so B. such C. very D. much
5. A. need B. may C. should D. could
6. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice D. practised
7. A. what B. which C. whom D. who
8. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving
9. A. and B. but C. as D. or
10. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach
11. A. If B. Although C. When D. Because
12. A. any B. little C. few D. some
13. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending
14. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
15. A. at B. in C. on D. by
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】试题分析：冼星海是中国著名的音乐家。他创作了20世纪最伟大的音乐作品之一。在他短暂的一生中，他创作了300首歌曲和一部歌剧。本文主要介绍了他短暂的一生，但是他的音乐却活在人们的心中。
1. 句意：在短短的一生中，他创作了近300首歌曲和一部歌剧。A. near介词，在…附近，方位介词； B. nearly副词，接近；C. nearby 形容词或副词，在附近；D. nearer形容词或副词，更近的。本题指数量上“接近”，需要副词nearly。故选：B。
2. 句意：因为他父亲在他出生之前就去世了，他和母亲从一个地方搬到另一个地方。A. he人称代词，作主语；B. him人称代词，作宾语；C. his 形容词词性物主代词，他的，可作定语；D. he’s他是。本句用在mother之前作定语。故选：C。
3. 句意：他20岁时开始学习拉小提琴。A. a 不定冠词，一个，泛指；B. an不定冠词，一个，泛指；C. the定冠词，这（那），专指、特指；D. this指示代词，这、这个，近指。固定表达“play the+音乐器材”。故选：C。
4. 句意：一开始，他的小提琴很便宜，制作很糟糕，以至于他演奏不好。A. so副词，如此、这么；B. such形容词，这样的； C. very副词，很；D. much形容词，很多；或副词，很。根据语义可知，本句为 “ so +形容词/副词+ that +句子”引导的结果状语从句。故选：A。
5. 句意：一开始，他的小提琴很便宜，制作很糟糕，以至于他演奏不好。A. need情态动词，需要；B. may情态动词，可能；C. should情态动词，应该；D. could情态动词，能。在“ so +形容词/副词+ that +句子”引导的结果状语从句中，常使用情态动词can/could。故选：D。
6. 句意：冼星海没有停止练习，很快就展现出他的才华。practice动词，练习；practicing动名词；to practice不定式； practised过去式。stop doing停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）；stop to do停下来做某事（to do是要做的事情）。此处指“停止拉小提琴”。故选：B。
7. 句意：1934年，他是巴黎一所特殊音乐学校的首批中国学生之一。A. what疑问代词，什么； B. which疑问代词，哪个；C. whom 疑问代词，谁，宾格；D. who疑问代词，谁，主格。本句为定语从句，先行词the first Chinese students，关系词为whom/who。由于关系词在句中作主语，所以用主格who。故选：D。
8. 句意：在他离校之前，冼星海成为了学校里最好的学生，并因他的才华获得了几个奖项。A. leave动词，离开；B. leaves三单形式；C. left过去式； D. was leaving过去进行时态。本句描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词使用过去式。故选：C。
9. 句意：在他离开学校之前，冼星海成为了学校里最好的学生，并因他的才华获得了几个奖项。A. and连词，并且，表示并列关系；B. but连词，但是，表示转折关系； C. as连词，当...时候。引导时间状语从句；D. or连词，或者，表示选择关系。“成为最好的学生”与“获得奖项”之间是并列关系。故选：A。
10. 句意：后来，他来到延安，在一所大学教音乐。A. teach动词，教；B. taught过去式，教；C. teaching现在分词或动名词，教；D. to teach动词不定式，教。本题为动词不定式作目的状语。故选：D。
11. 句意：虽然当时延安还没有钢琴，但他仍然在延安创作了一些最重要的音乐，包括他最著名的作品《黄河》。A. If 连词，如果/是否，引导条件状语从句/宾语从句；B. Although连词，虽然、即使，引导让步状语从句；C. When连词，当...时候，引导时间状语从句；D. Because连词，因为，引导原因状语从句。根据语境可知是“让步关系”。故选：B。
12. 句意：虽然当时延安还没有钢琴，但他仍然在延安创作了一些最重要的音乐，包括他最著名的作品《黄河》。A. any代词，任何，常与疑问句与否定句连用；B. little代词，很少，代替不可数名词，否定含义；C. few代词，很少，代替可数名词，否定含义；D. some代词，一些，肯定含义。根据语境可知，此处为肯定含义“一些重要的音乐”。故选：D。
13. 句意：1940年5月，中国共产党将冼星海送往苏联，为电影谱曲。A. sent送，派遣；B. was sent一般过去时态的被动结构；C. has sent现在完成时态；D. was sending过去进行时态。根据主谓之间的被动关系可知，本句使用“过去时态的被动语态”。故选：B。
14. 句意：在苏联，生活很艰难。A. hard形容词，困难的；B. harder比较级，困难的；C. hardest最高级，最困难的；D. the hardest最高级，最困难的。根据语境，此处没有“作比较”的语境，因而形容词使用原级。故选：A。
15. 句意：在1945年10月30日，冼星海生病后死于肺病，年仅40岁。A. at 时间介词，在，表示具体的点刻；B. in介词，在，表示某一段时间内；C. on介词，在，在具体的某一天；D. by介词，在...之前。本句指在具体10月30号。故选：C。
点睛：整体把握语篇大意，揣摩上下文文意，理解语境并关注词汇、短语之间的对应关系，选择最符合作者表达意图的选项；辨析定语从句中的关系词，把握其各自含义和用法；理清上下文之间的转折、承接、让步、补充说明等关系，选择合适的连词。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She aimed at a famous company, but the ____16____for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. ___17___, Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview. The interview was very ___18___. The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said to them, "All of you are very good. Please go home and _____19_____our response.”
Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be ____20____the job. She felt deeply disappointed. That evening. however she received another ____21____. This time it said that she got the job.
Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview---a____22____to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the____23____text, but only Jackie's reply____24____ the company Of the three, one did not reply. The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an____25____person, so the company offered her the job.
16. A. exam B. work C. competition D. plan
17. A. Thankfully B. Unluckily C. Hopefully D. Immediately
18. A. long B. strict C. interesting D. simple
19. A. pick up B. wait for C. deal with D. think of
20. A. offered B. returned C. refused D. shown
21. A. letter B. e-mail C. call D. message
22. A. guide B. conversation C. test D. lesson
23. A. same B. other C. second D. whole
24. A. reached B. satisfied C. helped D. surprised
25. A. brave B. clever C. polite D. honest
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C
【解析】试题分析：大学毕业前，Jackie开始找工作。她瞄准了一家著名的公司，但这样的工作的竞争非常激烈。在面试的过程中，Jackie展示了其礼貌的品质，所以公司给了她这份工作。
16. 句意：她瞄准了一家著名的公司，但这样的工作的竞争非常激烈。A. exam名词，考试；B. work 名词，工作；C. competition名词，竞争；D. plan名词，计划。根据后文The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job.可知，工作竞争大。故选：C。
17. 句意：谢天谢地，Jackie是被邀请参加最后面试的三人之一。A. Thankfully副词，幸亏、感激地；B. Unluckily副词，不幸地；C. Hopefully副词，有希望地；D. Immediately副词，立刻。竞争大，所以“感激地”成为最后面试的三人之一。故选：A。
18. 句意：面试很简单。A. long形容词，长的；B. strict形容词，严格的； C. interesting形容词，有趣的；D. simple形容词，简单的。根据后文The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes.可知，面试简单。故选：D。
19. 句意：请回家等待我们的回复。A. pick up捡起；B. wait for等候；C. deal with处理；D. think of想到、认为。根据语境可知，面试后 “等候” 回复。故选：B。
20. 句意：三天后，Jackie收到一条短信说她不会得到这份工作。本题考察被动语态中的过去分词。A. offered提供；B. returned归还、返回；C. refused拒绝；D. shown展示。根据语境可知，本句为 “offter sb. sth提供给某人某物” 的被动语态。故选：A。
21. 句意：那天晚上，然而，她收到了另一个信息。A. letter名词，书信；B. e-mail名词，邮件； C. call名词，电话； D .message名词，信息。 根据前文Three days later, Jackie received a message saying…可知，此处为“另一条信息”。故选：D。
22. 句意：Jackie后来发现，发送到她手机的第一个消息是面试的一部分——测试她是否适合这份工作。A. guide名词，导游；B. conversation名词，会话；C. test名词，测试；D. lesson名词，课。面试的一部分，所以是一项“测试”。故选：C。
23. 句意：这三个人都收到了同样的短信，但只有Jackie的答复使公司满意。A. same形容词，相同的；B. other形容词，其他的；C. second序数词，第二；D. whole形容词，整个的。根据语境可知，测试的内容应是“相同的”。故选：A。
24. 句意：这三个人都收到了同样的短信，但只有Jackie的答复使公司满意。A. reached动词，到达；B. satisfied动词，使满意；C. helped动词，帮助；D. surprised动词，使惊奇。根据前文This time it said that she got the job.可知，Jackie的答复“使公司满意”。故选：B。
25. 句意：这个回答表明Jackie是一个有礼貌的人，所以公司给了她这份工作。A. brave形容词，勇敢的；B. clever形容词，聪明的；C. polite形容词，礼貌的；D. honest形容词，诚实的。根据前文The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”可知，Jackie是礼貌的。故选：C。
三、阅读
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从26~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（A）
For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said he could choose any course that interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.
To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lin's artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lin’s parents would let him decide.
Lin's eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at "Photography". He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. Although Lin's family weren't poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.
The next course to catch his eye was "Language Art". He didn’t even know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse.
Then he saw it. "Cooking" sounded like something he'd like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.
Based on Lin’s hobby history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents' surprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.
The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.
Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.
26. Why didn't Lin choose to study photography?
A. It was too expensive.
B. He had no interest in it.
C. He was not very creative.
D. It was not offered that term.
27. The underlined expression "catch his eye" in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.
A. make him excited
B. cause him surprise
C. get his attention
D. help him see clearly
28. Which of the following best describes Lin's interest in cooking?
A. It only lasted for a short time.
B. It seemed to match his character.
C. It was forced on him by his parents.
D. It developed slowly over many months.
29. Why did the father have doubts about Lin's choice of cooking?
A. Lin wasn't good at cooking.
B. Cooking wasn't very convenient.
C. He didn’t think Lin would continue.
D. Cooking wasn't a good hobby for a boy.
30. What's the best title for the passage?
A. A Strict Father
B. A Changeable Boy
C. The Fun of Cooking
D. The Birthday Gift
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D
【解析】试题分析：本文主要介绍了林在11岁时，那天他父亲带他去儿童活动中心，说他可以选择任何令他感兴趣的课程。就在那天他收到了一份改变他一生的特殊礼物。
26. 根据第三段第三行Although Lin's family weren't poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. 可知，不选择学习摄影，是因为花费高。故选：A。
27. catch动词，抓住、赶上；根据前文He continued looking.，以及后文His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches.可推知， "Language Art".引起了他的注意。 故选：C。
28. 根据第四段最后一句Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse., 以及第五段"Cooking" sounded like something he'd like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative. 可知，“烹饪”这似乎符合他的性格。故选：B。
29. 根据第二段第一句To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two可知，他认为林不会坚持下去。故选：C。
30. 根据本文主要介绍了林在11岁时，那天他父亲带他去儿童活动中心，说他可以选择任何令他感兴趣的课程。就在那天他收到了一份改变他一生的特殊礼物。所以 The Birthday Gift最符合文意。故选：D。
（B）
Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.
There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.
A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups(汤). On his sign he used the word "restaurant" to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”--- so he called the soups "restaurants". Soon, people started buying Boulanger's soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word "restaurant" to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More "restaurants" opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.
Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.
Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How restaurants developed
B. What made a good restaurant.
C. Who created the first restaurant
D. Why restaurants became popular.
32. According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?
A. Restaurants only served food
B. Restaurants were more expensive
C. Restaurants were mainly in cities
D. Restaurants had a list of meal choices
33. Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?
A. Rich people
B. Sick people.
C. Travellers.
D. Workers.
34. When it was first used. what did the word "restaurant" refer to?
A. A person.
B. A place.
C. Illness.
D. Soup.
35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?
A. In the 1600s.
B. In the 1700s.
C. In the 1800s.
D. In the 1900s.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】试题分析：1765年以前，世界上没有餐馆。本文主要介绍了餐馆是如何 “从无到有，再到种类繁多”的发展过程。
31. 根据本文主要介绍了餐馆是如何 “从无到有，再到种类繁多”的发展过程。所以“How restaurants developed” 最符合文章大意。故选：A。
32. 根据第一段的最后两句There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.可知， 餐厅有可供选择食物的菜单。故选：D。
33. 根据第三段的第三句At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”--- so he called the soups "restaurants"、第四句Soon, people started buying Boulanger's soups even when they were not ill可知，布朗热期望生病的人去餐厅吃饭。故选：B。
34. 根据第三段的第三句 At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”--- so he called the soups "restaurants"可知，"restaurants"指代 “汤”。故选：D。
35. 根据第四段的第二行By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world.可知，19世纪中叶，全世界有很多类型的餐馆，开始在国际上发展起来。故选：C。
（C）
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.
To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.
To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.
The problem is becoming more challenging because we're sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space
Researcher.
“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.
36. What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Telescopes.
B. Satellites.
C. Pieces of space junk.
D. BBC news reports.
37. Why is space junk considered a problem?
A. It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphere
B. It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth
C. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds
D. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or deat
38. Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth's atmosphere so that .
A. the tools can be reused later
B. the tools don't become space junk
C. the earth’s atmosphere can stay clean
D. the effects of space flight can be studied
39. How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?
A. Catch it with nets.
B. Use robots to collect it.
C. Burn it in the earth's atmosphere.
D. Send it further away from the earth.
40. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?
A. Environment.
B. Local News.
C. Education.
D. Fashion.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. A
【解析】试题分析：本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空里的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。
36. 根据前文According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth.可知，“these”指“太空垃圾”。故选：C。
37. 根据第三段第一句Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. 可知，它可能会撞击其他空间工具造成损害或破坏。故选：D。
38. 根据第五段第一句 To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most.可知，是为了减少太空垃圾，地球的大气层可以保持清洁。故选：B。
39. 根据第六段最后一句 The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.可知，德国人计划利用机器人捡太空垃圾。故选：B。
40. 根据本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。 所以本语篇与“环境”有关。故选：A。
（D）
Science for Kids
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41. How are the books on this webpage listed?
A. By price.
B. By popularity.
C. By reader’s age.
D. By writer’ s name.
42. What is true about the book Women in Science?
A. It is mainly about Marie Curie's history.
B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.
C. It includes women scientists that aren’t famous.
D. It is mostly about the development of modem science.
43. How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he orders First Big Book of How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?
A. $34.
B. $30.
C. $26.
D. $24.
44. A primary school student who needs to write a science report about African elephants should choose .
A. Women in science
B. First Big Book of How
C. A Really Short History of Nearly Everything
D. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World
45. What is the main purpose of this webpage?
A. To sell books to young readers.
B. To attract new book club members.
C. To encourage students' interest in science.
D. To review books young readers might like.
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. A
【解析】试题分析：本文主要介绍了几本适合小读者的书，介绍了书的基本内容、建议阅读年龄和书的价格等。
41. 根据表格第一栏This month's most popular books可知，这个网页上的书是按照受欢迎度列出的。故选：B。
42. 根据1.Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky一栏中，第4-6行This book is a great introduction to the lives and works of some of the most important and up-to-now unknown women in science.可知，这本书包括了不出名的女科学家。 故选：C。
43. 根据右栏Special Offer For this month only, all Bestbooks Book Club members will pay 20% less for every book ordered. 可知，应付：（15+15）乘以80%等于24美元。故选：D。
44. 根据4. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World by Jan Carn.栏中第二句 It tells young readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple description of the people's history and culture.可知， National Geographic's First Big Book of the World这本书是对七大洲的完美介绍，它向小读者讲述了生活在这些土地上的不同动物。 故选：D。
45. 根据本文主要介绍了几本适合小读者的书，介绍了书的基本内容、建议阅读年龄和书的价格等。所以这个网页的目的就是向小读者推荐销售书。故选：A。
第二节 阅读填空
阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell._____46_____fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised(认定)as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasn't he known for his invention at the time?
Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. ____47____When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.
In 1850, Meucci and his wife. Ester. moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. ____48____To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.
Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.
_____49_____ Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.
In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government. ___50___
A. He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.
B. However, he wasn' t the first person to think of the idea.
C. Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk.
D. He will now be known all over the world as the telephone's inventor.
E. He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.
【答案】46. B 47. A
48. E 49. C
50. D
【解析】试题分析：人们大多数人都认为电话是由亚历山大•格雷厄姆•贝尔发明的。然而，他不是第一个想到这个想法的人。事实上，一个名叫安东尼奥·梅乌奇的意大利人在几年前被正式承认为发明家，本文介绍了其发明电话的过程。
46. 根据上下文之间的关系可知，此处含义上表示转择 “However, he wasn' t the first person to think of the idea. 然而，他不是第一个想到这个想法的人”。故选：B。
47. 根据上文During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity.可知，此处与实验有关“He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.” ，与下文When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.承接。故选：A。
48. 根据前文Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill.可知，担心妻子，那么应与妻子联系“He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.他需要随时与她保持联系。” 故选：E。
49. 根据后文Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention.可知，前文涉及不好的事情“Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk. 不幸的是，只有少数人参加了这次谈话”。故选：C。
50. 根据前文In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government.可知，下文对此事进行推测 “He will now be known all over the world as the telephone's inventor. 他现在将成为全世界的电话发明家”。故选：D。
四、写作
第一节 单词拼写
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时,要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
51. Please open the w_________and let some fresh air in.
52. The kind boy was happy to s_________his food with the hungry man.
53. To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a balanced d__________.
54. N__________cross the road when the traffic light is red.
55. By reading 30 minutes a day, you can learn more words and i___________your writing.
56. The students are very h_________. They clean houses for the old people every weekend.
【答案】51. window
52. share 53. diet
54. Never 55. improve
56. helpful
【解析】
51. 句意：请打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。打开“窗户”，新鲜空气才能进来。window名词，窗户；open the window打开窗户。故填：window。
52. 句意：善良的男孩很高兴与饥饿的人分享食物。share动词，分享；be happy to do sth.高兴做某事。故填：share。
53. 句意：为了保持健康，你应该做运动和均衡饮食。diet名词，饮食、节食。balanced形容词，修饰名词diet。故填：diet。
54. 句意：红灯亮时千万不要过马路。never副词，从不，修饰动词cross。故填：Never。
55. 句意：每天阅读30分钟，你可以学到更多的单词，提高你的写作能力。improve动词，提高、改善。can+动词原形。故填：improve。
56. 句意：学生们非常乐于助人。他们每个周末都为老人打扫房子。helpful形容词，乐于助人的、有帮助的。be+形容词，在句中构成系表结构。故填：helpful。
第二节 完成句子
根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)
57. 你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗?
_________ ________ever________along the Silk Road?
58. 参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。
_________ __________very educational for us________ __________Guangzhou Museum.
59. 明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。
The heavy rain may___________us from_________out tomorrow.
60. 广州的公园每年都种很多树。
Every year, a lot of trees__________ ________in the parks in Guangzhou。
61. 我昨晚看的那场电影真好笑!
________ _____________ _________movie I saw last night!
62. 我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。
I wonder ______ _______ _______meet tomorrow.
63. 如果你足够细心,就不会犯简单的错误。
You won't ______any simple mistakes_______you __________careful enough.
【答案】57. (1). Have (2). you (3). travel/travelled
58. (1). It (2). is (3). to (4). visit
59. (1). keep/stop/prevent; (2). going
60. (1). are (2). planted
61. (1). What (2). a (3). funny
62. (1). Where (2). we (3). will
63. (1). make: (2). if (3). are
【解析】
57. 根据语义可知本句使用现在完成时态的一般疑问句。助动词have开头； you人称代词，你,在句中作主语；traveled/travelled动词过去分词，旅游。所以答案为：Have you; traveled。
58. 根据句义可知本句使用固定句型：It’s +形容词+for sb. +to do sth.，做某事对某人而言是怎么样的, 其中动词不定式是正真的主语。visit动词，参观。所以答案为：It is; to visit。
59. 根据动词固定搭配keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，以及can+动词原形。go out外出。所以答案为：keep/stop/prevent; going。
60. 根据主谓之间存在“被动”关系，以及时间词Every year可知，本句使用一般现在时态的被动语态：is/am/are+动词过去分词。主语a lot of trees复数含义，所以选用be动词are；plant动词，种植；planted过去分词。所以答案为：are planted。
61.根据句意可知，本句为感叹句。感叹句的基本结构：：How+形容词/词+主语+谓语+其他！What+(a/an)(形容词）+名词+主语+谓语+其他！How+句子！movie可数名词单数，电影，所以使用what a引导；funny 形容词，有趣的、可笑的。所以答案为：What a funny。
62. 根据句义可知，本句为一般将来时态的宾语从句。引导词为where，后跟陈述句的语序。will meet将会见面。所以答案为：where we will。
63. 固定短语make mistakes，意为“犯错误”；won’t+动词原形。if如果，引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”; be careful细心；主语you, 使用be动词are。所以答案为：make; if; are。
点睛：分析句子的含义与结构，根据语境或典型时间副词，判断句子的时态；分析主语与谓语动词之间的主动或被动关系，确定句子的语态。注意由what与how引导的感叹句的各自结构。
64. 书面表达
你是英语校报编辑李华。校报收到初一新生Ben的来信，他提出了所面临的两个问题。
请你根据以下提示写一封回信，说明Ben的问题，提出你的建议并陈述理由。
Ben's problems
Your advice and reasons
朋友少，感觉孤单
1.参加学校社团(club)---结识更多朋友
2.?(请你补充)
英语单词难记
1.多阅读英语故事、新闻一在运用中学单词
2.?(请你补充)
Dear Ben,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school you’re your letter you said that…
…
Good luck with everything!
Li Hua
注意：
(1)回信应包括所有要点；
(2)词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入词数)；
(3)不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
【答案】Dear Ben,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school. In your letter you said that you always felt lonely because of having few friends. I think it is a good choice to join some clubs in your school. In this way. you can make more friends who share the same interest with you. Besides, you’ d better be friendly to others. Smile at others and you are sure to get a smile in return. On the other hand, you found it difficult to remember English words. Reading more English stories and news can help you learn English words in a practical way. In addition, if you can develop a habit of keeping an English diary every day, it will be easier for you to remember more words. I hope you will find these suggestions useful.
Li Hua
【解析】试题分析：本篇书面表达以初一新生Ben“遇到的问题”为话题，结合本题所给的写作信息，阐述“问题”并给出“建议”。根据内容提示可知本文应运用一般现在时态，注意一些常见句式的应用。写作中注意连词、固定短语的交替使用，使文意连接紧密，还要注意使用丰富的语句，注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后最好要表达出自己的感想和看法。
写作亮点：本文结构紧凑，语言简练。文中felt lonely,because of，in this way,make more
Friends,besides,be friendly to,on the other hand,,in addition,find these suggestions useful.等词（组）恰当使用，使上下文意连接紧密；文中还多处使用了宾语从句、定语从句、动名词作主语等句式，大大增加了信息的容量，使文章增色不少，值得学习。
广东省广州市2018年中考英语真题试题
一、语法选择
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、
B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote___1___300 songs and an opera.
Xian was bom in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-___2___mother. He began learning to play___3___violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was___4___cheap and badly made that he___5___not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop_____6_____and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students___7___ studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he_____8_____, Xian became the schools best student_____9_____won several prizes for his talents.
In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan'an___10___music at a college._____11_____there were no pianos in Yan'an at that time Xian still wrote ___12___of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.
In May 1940, Xian _____13_____to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very_____14_____. Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness _____15_____October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian's music, however, lives on in the people's hearts.
1. A. near B. nearly C. nearby D. nearer
2. A. he B. him C. his D. he’s
3. A. a B. an C. the D. this
4. A. so B. such C. very D. much
5. A. need B. may C. should D. could
6. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice D. practised
7. A. what B. which C. whom D. who
8. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving
9. A. and B. but C. as D. or
10. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach
11. A. If B. Although C. When D. Because
12. A. any B. little C. few D. some
13. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending
14. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
15. A. at B. in C. on D. by
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】试题分析：冼星海是中国著名的音乐家。他创作了20世纪最伟大的音乐作品之一。在他短暂的一生中，他创作了300首歌曲和一部歌剧。本文主要介绍了他短暂的一生，但是他的音乐却活在人们的心中。
1. 句意：在短短的一生中，他创作了近300首歌曲和一部歌剧。A. near介词，在…附近，方位介词； B. nearly副词，接近；C. nearby 形容词或副词，在附近；D. nearer形容词或副词，更近的。本题指数量上“接近”，需要副词nearly。故选：B。
2. 句意：因为他父亲在他出生之前就去世了，他和母亲从一个地方搬到另一个地方。A. he人称代词，作主语；B. him人称代词，作宾语；C. his 形容词词性物主代词，他的，可作定语；D. he’s他是。本句用在mother之前作定语。故选：C。
3. 句意：他20岁时开始学习拉小提琴。A. a 不定冠词，一个，泛指；B. an不定冠词，一个，泛指；C. the定冠词，这（那），专指、特指；D. this指示代词，这、这个，近指。固定表达“play the+音乐器材”。故选：C。
4. 句意：一开始，他的小提琴很便宜，制作很糟糕，以至于他演奏不好。A. so副词，如此、这么；B. such形容词，这样的； C. very副词，很；D. much形容词，很多；或副词，很。根据语义可知，本句为 “ so +形容词/副词+ that +句子”引导的结果状语从句。故选：A。
5. 句意：一开始，他的小提琴很便宜，制作很糟糕，以至于他演奏不好。A. need情态动词，需要；B. may情态动词，可能；C. should情态动词，应该；D. could情态动词，能。在“ so +形容词/副词+ that +句子”引导的结果状语从句中，常使用情态动词can/could。故选：D。
6. 句意：冼星海没有停止练习，很快就展现出他的才华。practice动词，练习；practicing动名词；to practice不定式； practised过去式。stop doing停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）；stop to do停下来做某事（to do是要做的事情）。此处指“停止拉小提琴”。故选：B。
7. 句意：1934年，他是巴黎一所特殊音乐学校的首批中国学生之一。A. what疑问代词，什么； B. which疑问代词，哪个；C. whom 疑问代词，谁，宾格；D. who疑问代词，谁，主格。本句为定语从句，先行词the first Chinese students，关系词为whom/who。由于关系词在句中作主语，所以用主格who。故选：D。
8. 句意：在他离校之前，冼星海成为了学校里最好的学生，并因他的才华获得了几个奖项。A. leave动词，离开；B. leaves三单形式；C. left过去式； D. was leaving过去进行时态。本句描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词使用过去式。故选：C。
9. 句意：在他离开学校之前，冼星海成为了学校里最好的学生，并因他的才华获得了几个奖项。A. and连词，并且，表示并列关系；B. but连词，但是，表示转折关系； C. as连词，当...时候。引导时间状语从句；D. or连词，或者，表示选择关系。“成为最好的学生”与“获得奖项”之间是并列关系。故选：A。
10. 句意：后来，他来到延安，在一所大学教音乐。A. teach动词，教；B. taught过去式，教；C. teaching现在分词或动名词，教；D. to teach动词不定式，教。本题为动词不定式作目的状语。故选：D。
11. 句意：虽然当时延安还没有钢琴，但他仍然在延安创作了一些最重要的音乐，包括他最著名的作品《黄河》。A. If 连词，如果/是否，引导条件状语从句/宾语从句；B. Although连词，虽然、即使，引导让步状语从句；C. When连词，当...时候，引导时间状语从句；D. Because连词，因为，引导原因状语从句。根据语境可知是“让步关系”。故选：B。
12. 句意：虽然当时延安还没有钢琴，但他仍然在延安创作了一些最重要的音乐，包括他最著名的作品《黄河》。A. any代词，任何，常与疑问句与否定句连用；B. little代词，很少，代替不可数名词，否定含义；C. few代词，很少，代替可数名词，否定含义；D. some代词，一些，肯定含义。根据语境可知，此处为肯定含义“一些重要的音乐”。故选：D。
13. 句意：1940年5月，中国共产党将冼星海送往苏联，为电影谱曲。A. sent送，派遣；B. was sent一般过去时态的被动结构；C. has sent现在完成时态；D. was sending过去进行时态。根据主谓之间的被动关系可知，本句使用“过去时态的被动语态”。故选：B。
14. 句意：在苏联，生活很艰难。A. hard形容词，困难的；B. harder比较级，困难的；C. hardest最高级，最困难的；D. the hardest最高级，最困难的。根据语境，此处没有“作比较”的语境，因而形容词使用原级。故选：A。
15. 句意：在1945年10月30日，冼星海生病后死于肺病，年仅40岁。A. at 时间介词，在，表示具体的点刻；B. in介词，在，表示某一段时间内；C. on介词，在，在具体的某一天；D. by介词，在...之前。本句指在具体10月30号。故选：C。
点睛：整体把握语篇大意，揣摩上下文文意，理解语境并关注词汇、短语之间的对应关系，选择最符合作者表达意图的选项；辨析定语从句中的关系词，把握其各自含义和用法；理清上下文之间的转折、承接、让步、补充说明等关系，选择合适的连词。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She aimed at a famous company, but the ____16____for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. ___17___, Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview. The interview was very ___18___. The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said to them, "All of you are very good. Please go home and _____19_____our response.”
Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be ____20____the job. She felt deeply disappointed. That evening. however she received another ____21____. This time it said that she got the job.
Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview---a____22____to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the____23____text, but only Jackie's reply____24____ the company Of the three, one did not reply. The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an____25____person, so the company offered her the job.
16. A. exam B. work C. competition D. plan
17. A. Thankfully B. Unluckily C. Hopefully D. Immediately
18. A. long B. strict C. interesting D. simple
19. A. pick up B. wait for C. deal with D. think of
20. A. offered B. returned C. refused D. shown
21. A. letter B. e-mail C. call D. message
22. A. guide B. conversation C. test D. lesson
23. A. same B. other C. second D. whole
24. A. reached B. satisfied C. helped D. surprised
25. A. brave B. clever C. polite D. honest
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C
【解析】试题分析：大学毕业前，Jackie开始找工作。她瞄准了一家著名的公司，但这样的工作的竞争非常激烈。在面试的过程中，Jackie展示了其礼貌的品质，所以公司给了她这份工作。
16. 句意：她瞄准了一家著名的公司，但这样的工作的竞争非常激烈。A. exam名词，考试；B. work 名词，工作；C. competition名词，竞争；D. plan名词，计划。根据后文The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job.可知，工作竞争大。故选：C。
17. 句意：谢天谢地，Jackie是被邀请参加最后面试的三人之一。A. Thankfully副词，幸亏、感激地；B. Unluckily副词，不幸地；C. Hopefully副词，有希望地；D. Immediately副词，立刻。竞争大，所以“感激地”成为最后面试的三人之一。故选：A。
18. 句意：面试很简单。A. long形容词，长的；B. strict形容词，严格的； C. interesting形容词，有趣的；D. simple形容词，简单的。根据后文The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes.可知，面试简单。故选：D。
19. 句意：请回家等待我们的回复。A. pick up捡起；B. wait for等候；C. deal with处理；D. think of想到、认为。根据语境可知，面试后 “等候” 回复。故选：B。
20. 句意：三天后，Jackie收到一条短信说她不会得到这份工作。本题考察被动语态中的过去分词。A. offered提供；B. returned归还、返回；C. refused拒绝；D. shown展示。根据语境可知，本句为 “offter sb. sth提供给某人某物” 的被动语态。故选：A。
21. 句意：那天晚上，然而，她收到了另一个信息。A. letter名词，书信；B. e-mail名词，邮件； C. call名词，电话； D .message名词，信息。 根据前文Three days later, Jackie received a message saying…可知，此处为“另一条信息”。故选：D。
22. 句意：Jackie后来发现，发送到她手机的第一个消息是面试的一部分——测试她是否适合这份工作。A. guide名词，导游；B. conversation名词，会话；C. test名词，测试；D. lesson名词，课。面试的一部分，所以是一项“测试”。故选：C。
23. 句意：这三个人都收到了同样的短信，但只有Jackie的答复使公司满意。A. same形容词，相同的；B. other形容词，其他的；C. second序数词，第二；D. whole形容词，整个的。根据语境可知，测试的内容应是“相同的”。故选：A。
24. 句意：这三个人都收到了同样的短信，但只有Jackie的答复使公司满意。A. reached动词，到达；B. satisfied动词，使满意；C. helped动词，帮助；D. surprised动词，使惊奇。根据前文This time it said that she got the job.可知，Jackie的答复“使公司满意”。故选：B。
25. 句意：这个回答表明Jackie是一个有礼貌的人，所以公司给了她这份工作。A. brave形容词，勇敢的；B. clever形容词，聪明的；C. polite形容词，礼貌的；D. honest形容词，诚实的。根据前文The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”可知，Jackie是礼貌的。故选：C。
三、阅读
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从26~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（A）
For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said he could choose any course that interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.
To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lin's artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lin’s parents would let him decide.
Lin's eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at "Photography". He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. Although Lin's family weren't poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.
The next course to catch his eye was "Language Art". He didn’t even know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse.
Then he saw it. "Cooking" sounded like something he'd like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.
Based on Lin’s hobby history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents' surprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.
The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.
Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.
26. Why didn't Lin choose to study photography?
A. It was too expensive.
B. He had no interest in it.
C. He was not very creative.
D. It was not offered that term.
27. The underlined expression "catch his eye" in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.
A. make him excited
B. cause him surprise
C. get his attention
D. help him see clearly
28. Which of the following best describes Lin's interest in cooking?
A. It only lasted for a short time.
B. It seemed to match his character.
C. It was forced on him by his parents.
D. It developed slowly over many months.
29. Why did the father have doubts about Lin's choice of cooking?
A. Lin wasn't good at cooking.
B. Cooking wasn't very convenient.
C. He didn’t think Lin would continue.
D. Cooking wasn't a good hobby for a boy.
30. What's the best title for the passage?
A. A Strict Father
B. A Changeable Boy
C. The Fun of Cooking
D. The Birthday Gift
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D
【解析】试题分析：本文主要介绍了林在11岁时，那天他父亲带他去儿童活动中心，说他可以选择任何令他感兴趣的课程。就在那天他收到了一份改变他一生的特殊礼物。
26. 根据第三段第三行Although Lin's family weren't poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. 可知，不选择学习摄影，是因为花费高。故选：A。
27. catch动词，抓住、赶上；根据前文He continued looking.，以及后文His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches.可推知， "Language Art".引起了他的注意。 故选：C。
28. 根据第四段最后一句Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse., 以及第五段"Cooking" sounded like something he'd like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative. 可知，“烹饪”这似乎符合他的性格。故选：B。
29. 根据第二段第一句To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two可知，他认为林不会坚持下去。故选：C。
30. 根据本文主要介绍了林在11岁时，那天他父亲带他去儿童活动中心，说他可以选择任何令他感兴趣的课程。就在那天他收到了一份改变他一生的特殊礼物。所以 The Birthday Gift最符合文意。故选：D。
（B）
Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.
There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.
A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups(汤). On his sign he used the word "restaurant" to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”--- so he called the soups "restaurants". Soon, people started buying Boulanger's soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word "restaurant" to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More "restaurants" opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.
Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.
Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How restaurants developed
B. What made a good restaurant.
C. Who created the first restaurant
D. Why restaurants became popular.
32. According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?
A. Restaurants only served food
B. Restaurants were more expensive
C. Restaurants were mainly in cities
D. Restaurants had a list of meal choices
33. Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?
A. Rich people
B. Sick people.
C. Travellers.
D. Workers.
34. When it was first used. what did the word "restaurant" refer to?
A. A person.
B. A place.
C. Illness.
D. Soup.
35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?
A. In the 1600s.
B. In the 1700s.
C. In the 1800s.
D. In the 1900s.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】试题分析：1765年以前，世界上没有餐馆。本文主要介绍了餐馆是如何 “从无到有，再到种类繁多”的发展过程。
31. 根据本文主要介绍了餐馆是如何 “从无到有，再到种类繁多”的发展过程。所以“How restaurants developed” 最符合文章大意。故选：A。
32. 根据第一段的最后两句There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.可知， 餐厅有可供选择食物的菜单。故选：D。
33. 根据第三段的第三句At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”--- so he called the soups "restaurants"、第四句Soon, people started buying Boulanger's soups even when they were not ill可知，布朗热期望生病的人去餐厅吃饭。故选：B。
34. 根据第三段的第三句 At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”--- so he called the soups "restaurants"可知，"restaurants"指代 “汤”。故选：D。
35. 根据第四段的第二行By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world.可知，19世纪中叶，全世界有很多类型的餐馆，开始在国际上发展起来。故选：C。
（C）
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.
To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.
To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.
The problem is becoming more challenging because we're sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space
Researcher.
“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.
36. What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Telescopes.
B. Satellites.
C. Pieces of space junk.
D. BBC news reports.
37. Why is space junk considered a problem?
A. It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphere
B. It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth
C. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds
D. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or deat
38. Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth's atmosphere so that .
A. the tools can be reused later
B. the tools don't become space junk
C. the earth’s atmosphere can stay clean
D. the effects of space flight can be studied
39. How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?
A. Catch it with nets.
B. Use robots to collect it.
C. Burn it in the earth's atmosphere.
D. Send it further away from the earth.
40. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?
A. Environment.
B. Local News.
C. Education.
D. Fashion.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. A
【解析】试题分析：本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空里的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。
36. 根据前文According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth.可知，“these”指“太空垃圾”。故选：C。
37. 根据第三段第一句Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. 可知，它可能会撞击其他空间工具造成损害或破坏。故选：D。
38. 根据第五段第一句 To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most.可知，是为了减少太空垃圾，地球的大气层可以保持清洁。故选：B。
39. 根据第六段最后一句 The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.可知，德国人计划利用机器人捡太空垃圾。故选：B。
40. 根据本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。 所以本语篇与“环境”有关。故选：A。
（D）
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Bill Bryson takes readers on a very funny and educational trip through the history of modern science-from its unexpected successes to its great failures and everything in between.
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4. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World by Jan Carn.
Price $20
This book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents. It tells young readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple description of the people's history and culture.
Ages: 5-12 Order Now
41. How are the books on this webpage listed?
A. By price.
B. By popularity.
C. By reader’s age.
D. By writer’ s name.
42. What is true about the book Women in Science?
A. It is mainly about Marie Curie's history.
B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.
C. It includes women scientists that aren’t famous.
D. It is mostly about the development of modem science.
43. How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he orders First Big Book of How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?
A. $34.
B. $30.
C. $26.
D. $24.
44. A primary school student who needs to write a science report about African elephants should choose .
A. Women in science
B. First Big Book of How
C. A Really Short History of Nearly Everything
D. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World
45. What is the main purpose of this webpage?
A. To sell books to young readers.
B. To attract new book club members.
C. To encourage students' interest in science.
D. To review books young readers might like.
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. A
【解析】试题分析：本文主要介绍了几本适合小读者的书，介绍了书的基本内容、建议阅读年龄和书的价格等。
41. 根据表格第一栏This month's most popular books可知，这个网页上的书是按照受欢迎度列出的。故选：B。
42. 根据1.Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky一栏中，第4-6行This book is a great introduction to the lives and works of some of the most important and up-to-now unknown women in science.可知，这本书包括了不出名的女科学家。 故选：C。
43. 根据右栏Special Offer For this month only, all Bestbooks Book Club members will pay 20% less for every book ordered. 可知，应付：（15+15）乘以80%等于24美元。故选：D。
44. 根据4. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World by Jan Carn.栏中第二句 It tells young readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple description of the people's history and culture.可知， National Geographic's First Big Book of the World这本书是对七大洲的完美介绍，它向小读者讲述了生活在这些土地上的不同动物。 故选：D。
45. 根据本文主要介绍了几本适合小读者的书，介绍了书的基本内容、建议阅读年龄和书的价格等。所以这个网页的目的就是向小读者推荐销售书。故选：A。
第二节 阅读填空
阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell._____46_____fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised(认定)as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasn't he known for his invention at the time?
Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. ____47____When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.
In 1850, Meucci and his wife. Ester. moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. ____48____To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.
Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.
_____49_____ Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.
In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government. ___50___
A. He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.
B. However, he wasn' t the first person to think of the idea.
C. Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk.
D. He will now be known all over the world as the telephone's inventor.
E. He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.
【答案】46. B 47. A
48. E 49. C
50. D
【解析】试题分析：人们大多数人都认为电话是由亚历山大•格雷厄姆•贝尔发明的。然而，他不是第一个想到这个想法的人。事实上，一个名叫安东尼奥·梅乌奇的意大利人在几年前被正式承认为发明家，本文介绍了其发明电话的过程。
46. 根据上下文之间的关系可知，此处含义上表示转择 “However, he wasn' t the first person to think of the idea. 然而，他不是第一个想到这个想法的人”。故选：B。
47. 根据上文During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity.可知，此处与实验有关“He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.” ，与下文When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.承接。故选：A。
48. 根据前文Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill.可知，担心妻子，那么应与妻子联系“He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.他需要随时与她保持联系。” 故选：E。
49. 根据后文Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention.可知，前文涉及不好的事情“Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk. 不幸的是，只有少数人参加了这次谈话”。故选：C。
50. 根据前文In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government.可知，下文对此事进行推测 “He will now be known all over the world as the telephone's inventor. 他现在将成为全世界的电话发明家”。故选：D。
四、写作
第一节 单词拼写
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时,要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
51. Please open the w_________and let some fresh air in.
52. The kind boy was happy to s_________his food with the hungry man.
53. To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a balanced d__________.
54. N__________cross the road when the traffic light is red.
55. By reading 30 minutes a day, you can learn more words and i___________your writing.
56. The students are very h_________. They clean houses for the old people every weekend.
【答案】51. window
52. share 53. diet
54. Never 55. improve
56. helpful
【解析】
51. 句意：请打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。打开“窗户”，新鲜空气才能进来。window名词，窗户；open the window打开窗户。故填：window。
52. 句意：善良的男孩很高兴与饥饿的人分享食物。share动词，分享；be happy to do sth.高兴做某事。故填：share。
53. 句意：为了保持健康，你应该做运动和均衡饮食。diet名词，饮食、节食。balanced形容词，修饰名词diet。故填：diet。
54. 句意：红灯亮时千万不要过马路。never副词，从不，修饰动词cross。故填：Never。
55. 句意：每天阅读30分钟，你可以学到更多的单词，提高你的写作能力。improve动词，提高、改善。can+动词原形。故填：improve。
56. 句意：学生们非常乐于助人。他们每个周末都为老人打扫房子。helpful形容词，乐于助人的、有帮助的。be+形容词，在句中构成系表结构。故填：helpful。
第二节 完成句子
根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)
57. 你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗?
_________ ________ever________along the Silk Road?
58. 参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。
_________ __________very educational for us________ __________Guangzhou Museum.
59. 明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。
The heavy rain may___________us from_________out tomorrow.
60. 广州的公园每年都种很多树。
Every year, a lot of trees__________ ________in the parks in Guangzhou。
61. 我昨晚看的那场电影真好笑!
________ _____________ _________movie I saw last night!
62. 我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。
I wonder ______ _______ _______meet tomorrow.
63. 如果你足够细心,就不会犯简单的错误。
You won't ______any simple mistakes_______you __________careful enough.
【答案】57. (1). Have (2). you (3). travel/travelled
58. (1). It (2). is (3). to (4). visit
59. (1). keep/stop/prevent; (2). going
60. (1). are (2). planted
61. (1). What (2). a (3). funny
62. (1). Where (2). we (3). will
63. (1). make: (2). if (3). are
【解析】
57. 根据语义可知本句使用现在完成时态的一般疑问句。助动词have开头； you人称代词，你,在句中作主语；traveled/travelled动词过去分词，旅游。所以答案为：Have you; traveled。
58. 根据句义可知本句使用固定句型：It’s +形容词+for sb. +to do sth.，做某事对某人而言是怎么样的, 其中动词不定式是正真的主语。visit动词，参观。所以答案为：It is; to visit。
59. 根据动词固定搭配keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，以及can+动词原形。go out外出。所以答案为：keep/stop/prevent; going。
60. 根据主谓之间存在“被动”关系，以及时间词Every year可知，本句使用一般现在时态的被动语态：is/am/are+动词过去分词。主语a lot of trees复数含义，所以选用be动词are；plant动词，种植；planted过去分词。所以答案为：are planted。
61.根据句意可知，本句为感叹句。感叹句的基本结构：：How+形容词/词+主语+谓语+其他！What+(a/an)(形容词）+名词+主语+谓语+其他！How+句子！movie可数名词单数，电影，所以使用what a引导；funny 形容词，有趣的、可笑的。所以答案为：What a funny。
62. 根据句义可知，本句为一般将来时态的宾语从句。引导词为where，后跟陈述句的语序。will meet将会见面。所以答案为：where we will。
63. 固定短语make mistakes，意为“犯错误”；won’t+动词原形。if如果，引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”; be careful细心；主语you, 使用be动词are。所以答案为：make; if; are。
点睛：分析句子的含义与结构，根据语境或典型时间副词，判断句子的时态；分析主语与谓语动词之间的主动或被动关系，确定句子的语态。注意由what与how引导的感叹句的各自结构。
64. 书面表达
你是英语校报编辑李华。校报收到初一新生Ben的来信，他提出了所面临的两个问题。
请你根据以下提示写一封回信，说明Ben的问题，提出你的建议并陈述理由。
Ben's problems
Your advice and reasons
朋友少，感觉孤单
1.参加学校社团(club)---结识更多朋友
2.?(请你补充)
英语单词难记
1.多阅读英语故事、新闻一在运用中学单词
2.?(请你补充)
Dear Ben,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school you’re your letter you said that…
…
Good luck with everything!
Li Hua
注意：
(1)回信应包括所有要点；
(2)词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入词数)；
(3)不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
【答案】Dear Ben,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school. In your letter you said that you always felt lonely because of having few friends. I think it is a good choice to join some clubs in your school. In this way. you can make more friends who share the same interest with you. Besides, you’ d better be friendly to others. Smile at others and you are sure to get a smile in return. On the other hand, you found it difficult to remember English words. Reading more English stories and news can help you learn English words in a practical way. In addition, if you can develop a habit of keeping an English diary every day, it will be easier for you to remember more words. I hope you will find these suggestions useful.
Li Hua
【解析】试题分析：本篇书面表达以初一新生Ben“遇到的问题”为话题，结合本题所给的写作信息，阐述“问题”并给出“建议”。根据内容提示可知本文应运用一般现在时态，注意一些常见句式的应用。写作中注意连词、固定短语的交替使用，使文意连接紧密，还要注意使用丰富的语句，注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后最好要表达出自己的感想和看法。
写作亮点：本文结构紧凑，语言简练。文中felt lonely,because of，in this way,make more
Friends,besides,be friendly to,on the other hand,,in addition,find these suggestions useful.等词（组）恰当使用，使上下文意连接紧密；文中还多处使用了宾语从句、定语从句、动名词作主语等句式，大大增加了信息的容量，使文章增色不少，值得学习。
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