5_必修第一册　UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS练习题

这是一份5_必修第一册　UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS练习题，共20页。试卷主要包含了rescue n，ruin n，shck n，suffer vt，survive vi， At 3，　　　　7，wh　9等内容，欢迎下载使用。
必修第一册　UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
(主题语境:人与自然——自然灾害与防范)

Live to Tell: Raising Awareness,Reducing Mortality.—United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (2016)
用生命呼吁:增强减灾意识,减少人员伤亡。——联合国国际减灾战略(2016年)



◆练中悟词
写出下列句中画线单词的意思。
①(2020浙江)Later,they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields. 　　　　　　　 
②(2020天津)In the future, I will be a good doctor to heal the wounded and rescue the dying, devoting myself to my work. 　　　　　　 
◆写中炼词
根据汉语提示完成下面的句子。
③(2020全国新高考Ⅰ)“我希望我们能帮助他赚钱,”克拉拉说,“他的家人正遭受这么多痛苦。”(suffer)
“I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “　　　　　　　.” 
④(2020全国新高考Ⅰ)“我也是,”哈里说,“我们真的应该做些事情来帮助他们。”(assist)
“So do I,” said Harry. “　　　　　　　.” 
答案　①洪水　②抢救　③His family is suffering so much　④We really should do something to assist them


◆链接　rescue...from...把……从……中解救出来
“及物动词...from...”的搭配小结:
tell...from...区分……和……
stop...from...阻止……做……
protect...from...保护……免受……
keep...from...保护……免受……
shelter...from...保护……免受……
defend...from...保卫……免受……
save...from...拯救……免受……


1.rescue n.& vt.营救;救援
◆单句填空
①He rescued three children 　　　　　　　the burning building. 
②We came 　　　　　　　his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 
③I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas 　　　　　　　(rescue) from starvation in the wild.(2016课标全国Ⅰ) 
◆句式升级
④I'd like to see the boy who was rescued from the earthquake.
→I'd like to see the boy 　　　　　　　from the earthquake.(非谓语动词)  
◆用rescue的适当形式或介词填空
When the accident happened, the ⑤　　　　　　　 workers didn't give up the hope of rescuing them ⑥　　　　　　　 danger. 
1.答案　①from　②to　③rescued　④rescued　⑤rescue　⑥from


(1)rescue sb./sth. from...把某人/某物从……中解救出来
rescue sb. from danger救某人脱险
(2)come to/go to sb.'s rescue来/去营救某人
rescue team/workers救援队/人员


2.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
◆单句填空
①A large number of companies and buildings were 　　　　　　　ruins after the explosion on August 12, 2020. 
②Drunk-driving not only ruined 　　　　　　　(he) but also killed several passers-by. 
◆一句多译
他犯了个错误, 这让他失去了出国的机会。
→③He made a mistake, 　　　　　　　going abroad. (定语从句) 
→④He made a mistake, 　　　　　　　going abroad. (分词短语作状语) 
2.答案　①in　②himself　③which ruined his chance of
④ruining his chance of

(1)lie/be in ruins毁坏;严重受损;破败不堪
fall into ruin毁坏;败落
(2)ruin oneself毁掉自己;自取灭亡
ruin one's hope/chance使某人的希望破灭/机会丢失

辨析
ruin
“毁坏;毁掉”,常指彻底毁掉,强调事物的价值遭到破坏
damage
“损坏;损害”,常指可以修复的损坏
destroy
“破坏;毁灭”,常指彻底的不可修复的破坏



3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊
◆单句填空
①We were all shocked 　　　　　　　the news of her death. 
②I was shocked 　　　　　　　(hear) that he had resigned. 
◆用shock的适当形式或介词填空
People were ③　　　　　　　 to see that the little girl was beaten by her stepmother. The ④　　　　　　　 news ⑤　　　　　　　 all the people around, which was also a shock ⑥　　　　　　　 her father who was working abroad. 
3.答案　①at/by　②to hear　③shocked　④shocking
⑤shocked　⑥to

(1)be a shock to...使……吃惊
(2)shocked adj.震惊的;惊讶的
be shocked at/by对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth.吃惊地做某事
(3)shocking adj.令人震惊的
联想
以-ing结尾的形容词强调事物的特征,意为“令人……的”;以-ed结尾的形容词强调人内心的感受,意为“感到……的”。
encouraging令人鼓舞的↔encouraged 受到鼓舞的
satisfying令人满意的↔satisfied感到满意的
surprising令人惊奇的↔surprised惊讶的
moving令人感动的↔moved 感动的


4.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
◆单句填空
①It was as a result of the accident that the company 　　　　　　　(suffer) a great loss. 
②She has been suffering 　　　　　　　the loss of memory since she had that car accident. 
◆句式升级
③He had never suffered such a great loss in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life.
→　　　　　　　 such a great loss in his life,he almost lost the hope for life. (分词作状语) 
4.答案　①suffered　②from　③Not having suffered

(1)suffer from患……病;因……而受苦
suffer from a bad cold患重感冒
suffer pains/hardships遭受痛苦/困难
(2)suffering n.苦难;痛苦
sufferer n.受难者
联想
“v.+from”短语集锦:
benefit from从……中获益
date from始于;追溯到
result from由……造成


5.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过
◆用survive的适当形式或介词填空
The woman was the only ①　　　　　　　 who ②　　　　　　　 the earthquake. She survived ③　　　　　　　 little water under the ruins. Her ④　　　　　　　 was a real wonder and finally she survived her husband ⑤　　　　　　　 5 years. 
◆完成句子
⑥毫无疑问,我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。
Undoubtedly, the only way 　　　　　　　is to live in harmony with nature. 
5.答案　①survivor　②had survived　③on　④survival
⑤by　⑥for us to survive

(1)survive on依靠……维持生活
A survive B by...A比B活的时间长……
(2)survivor n.幸存者
(3)survival n.幸存;残存物
易错
survive表示“幸存;幸免于”时为及物动词,其宾语前不用加in或from。



　 go through 经历;经受
◆赏句猜义
①The plan went through,which made us all happy.　　　　　　 
②This year we have gone through too many natural disasters,such as earthquakes,floods and mudslides.　　　　　　 
③I had gone through my money before I found a job.　　　　　　 
④I always start the day by going through my email.　　　　　　 
⑤As you go through this book,you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.　　　　　　 
答案　①通过　②经历　③用完　④查看　⑤详细研究

(1)经历,遭受。相当于experience。
(2)仔细检查,仔细查看。相当于go over。
(3)(法律、合同等)通过,接受,达成。
(4)详细研究,仔细琢磨。
(5)耗尽,用完。相当于run out of。
联想
through有“从头到尾”的意义,所以大多数“动词+through”构成的短语都含有“完成”“自始至终”的意义,可利用这一点记忆有关through的短语。



1.too...to...太……以至于不能……

Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and
dogs refused to go inside buildings.


◆单句填空
①I was 　　　　　　　young to understand the meaning of the film. 
②I'm too glad　　　　　　　(admit) to a key university. 
◆一句多译
这个小男孩太小了,不能去上学。
→③The little boy is 　　　　　　　he can't go to school. 
→④The little boy is　　　　　　　 to school. 
1.答案　①too　②to be admitted　③so young that　④too young to go

(1)too...to...与not或never连用时,意为“无论……也不过分,越……越好”。
(2)too+adj. (anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing, etc.) to do sth. (表示肯定意义)非常/很……做某事
(3)can never/not+动词+too+adj./adv.+to do sth.意为“再做某事也不过分,越做某事越好”。


2.as if(=as though)引导的从句

It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!

◆单句填空
①Boy as he is,he talks as if he 　　　　　　　(be) an adult. 
②She talks about Hong Kong as though she 　　　　　　　(be) there before. 
③He talks gladly as if he 　　　　　　　(be) our monitor. 
◆完成句子
④她匆忙地离开了房间,好像生气了。
She hurriedly left the room 　　　　　　　. 
2.答案　①were　②had been　③would/could/might be
④as though/if (she was)angry

as if/though引导从句时,根据表达的需要,从句可以用陈述语气,也可以用虚拟语气。as if/though引导的从句的虚拟语气有以下三种情况:
(1)从句谓语与主句谓语同时进行,从句用一般过去时(系动词一般用were);
(2)从句谓语在主句谓语之前发生,从句用过去完成时;
(3)从句谓语在主句谓语之后发生,从句用过去将来时(would/could/might+do)。
联想
as if/though引导的从句有时用省略形式。此时as if/though后常接名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。
Tom raised his hand as if (he was) to say something. 汤姆举起手来好像要说什么。
He acted as if (he were) a fool. 他表现得像个傻瓜。



3.be doing sth. when...正在做某事,这时……

I was having breakfast with my three children when
water started filling my home.

◆单句填空
①He 　　　　　　　(sleep) when there was a knock at the door. 
②I was about 　　　　　　　(go) out when the telephone rang. 
③We had just begun to work 　　　　　　　the machine broke down. 
④The thief was on the point of 　　　　　　　(put) his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped. 
3.答案　①was sleeping　②to go　③when　④putting

其他相关句型有:
be on the point of doing...when...刚要做……这时……
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做完……这时……
易错
在本句型中when不可换成while。



1.教材与语法填空
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things had happened before the Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 　1　(smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 　2　(eat). At 3:42, 　3　 the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 　4　 seemed as if the world were coming to an end. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 　5　(ruin). Two thirds of the people were dead or 　6　(injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were 　7　(shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 　8　 were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 　9　(survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan 　10　(build) upon the earthquake ruins.  
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 
答案　
1.smelly　2.to eat　3.on　4.It　5.ruins　6.injured　7.shocked
8.who　9.survivors　10.was built
2.教材与话题写作
Ⅰ.写作要点
　　用本单元所学词汇和句型完成句子。
1.昨天一场可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡,造成了巨大的破坏。(非谓语动词短语作结果状语;damage)
A terrible earthquake hit my hometown yesterday, 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 
2.许多房屋和道路被毁,这使许多人受伤或无家可归。 (非谓语动词短语作结果状语;destroy;injure)
A lot of houses and roads 　　　　　　, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　or homeless. 
3.死亡人数很多。 (the number of;death)
　　　　　　　　　　 was large. 
4.似乎世界就要结束了!(It seems as if;come to an end)
　　　　　　　　the world 　　　　　　　　　　　! 
5.士兵们来帮助寻找幸存者,挖出被困在废墟中的人,埋葬死者。 (survivor;trap;in ruins;bury)
The soldiers came to help 　　　　　　　　　　, dig out people who 　　　　　　　　　　　. 
6.政府为在困境中的人们提供淡水、食物和避难所。(provide;shelter)
The government 　　　　　　　　, food and 　　　　　for the people in need. 
答案　
Ⅰ.1.causing great damage
2.were destroyed;leaving a great many people injured
3.The number of deaths
4.It seemed as if;were coming to an end
5.search for the survivors;were trapped in ruins and bury the dead
6.provided fresh water;shelters
Ⅱ.连句成篇
　　将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
答案　
Ⅱ.One possible version:
A terrible earthquake hit my hometown yesterday,causing great damage. A lot of houses and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people injured or homeless. What's more, the number of deaths was large. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Luckily, the soldiers came to help search for the survivors, dig out people who were trapped in ruins and bury the dead. The government provided fresh water, food and shelters for the people in need. 

Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2020山东淄博模拟考试)
A series of small earthquakes have shaken central Nebraska and become the talk of the area. According to the information on a website, there have been several quakes since the 9th this month in the heart of the state, centered on the town Arnold, which is about 225 miles west of the capital Lincoln. The first, a 3.3-magnitude(震级) quake, happened early that morning, followed by three on the following day, another on Sunday, and then the most recent earthquake on Monday. The strongest quake was the first one that struck on the 10th, which reached a magnitude of 3.7. The earthquakes were found about three miles below the surface. There haven't been any reports of human injuries or damage of buildings caused by the quakes, according to KWBE, a radio station.
“It is just kind of strange,” Becky Dailey, treasurer of the Arnold Chamber of Commerce, tells that station, adding that people around the town are running around and talking about the frequent quakes. Actually small quakes like these are not unusual. Just two minutes before Nebraska's most recent earthquake, a separate one shook a city in the Dominican Republic, reaching a magnitude of 2.5. A couple of hours later, a 2.7-magnitude earthquake hit an area near Aguanga, in Southern California's Riverside County. There were two more that day in different areas of Puerto Rico: a 2.9-magnitude quake and a 3.1-magnitude quake. Those were all small, but stronger quakes regularly rock the world—just not so often.
Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks. This sudden release of energy causes the waves that make the ground shake. Two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing(摩擦) against each other. After a while, the rocks break because all the pressure is built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake happens.
1.What do we know about the quakes in Nebraska?
A.There were six quakes in all.
B.They all happened within 24 hours.
C.They were centered on the capital Lincoln.
D.The biggest one reached a magnitude of 4.0.
2.According to KWBE, the quakes in Nebraska most probably 　　　. 
A.caused many buildings to fall
B.caused damage to the crops
C.were not felt by the locals
D.were not dangerous
3.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A.That no human got injured in the quakes.
B.That quakes happened there so frequently.
C.That an earthquake took place in the state.
D.That people kept talking about the quakes.
4.What does the author want to show by mentioning the quakes in Paragraph 2?
A.So many quakes happened on the 9th.
B.Small quakes can be easier to find now.
C.No big earthquakes happened these days.
D.Small quakes are actually very common.
答案　
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。在美国的内布拉斯加州一连发生了六次小地震,本文介绍了这些地震的相关情况。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The first, a 3.3-magnitude(震级) quake, happened early that morning, followed by three on the following day, another on Sunday, and then the most recent earthquake on Monday.”可推知,一共发生了六次小地震。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“There haven't been any reports of human injuries or damage of buildings caused by the quakes, according to KWBE”可知,这些小地震都不危险。
3.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“adding that people around the town are running around and talking about the frequent quakes.”可知,“It”指的是频繁发生地震这一现象。这种现象在Becky Dailey看来只是有点奇怪。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Actually small quakes like these are not unusual.”可知,后面提到那些小地震都是为了证明这一点。
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020山东名校联考)
There is one bittersweet memory during the holidays. This story brings to mind a colorful candy dish and a very little boy. The 　1　 was sometime between Christmas and New Year when a candy
　2　 a dull December day. 
Wrapped against cold,my then 3-year-old grandson,Justin,and I had 　3　 from the warmth of my car into my office building 　4　 a few work-related tasks I had to 　5　. A secretary greeted us as we brushed the snow off our clothes and 　6　 our hands to warm them. Then,with my grandson sitting by my side,I addressed myself to the business. But 　7　 his hand remained in mine,his eyes moved to the candy dish sitting nearby.  
As we turned to leave,the 　8　 secretary asked the question all children want to hear,“Honey,would you like a candy?” The boy looked up 　9　 with his eyes meeting mine,permission hanging in the air. After a slight　10　 from me he hurried over to the candy dish. Without hesitation,his fat little hands 　11　 one—and only one—and then he began to make his way back to me.  
“Justin!” I said from the doorway,as I realized manners had been 　12　.“What do you say?” The little boy turned on his heel to return to the candy dish.“Get Grandma one,too!” I laughed. The secretary laughed. And even little Justin 　13　laughed. But in that moment,I saw that my grandson was already a person with a lot of　14　in his heart. In the years since,I've enjoyed a laugh or two thinking back to that moment. Really,what could be　15　? 
1.A.location　　　B.scene
C.plot　　　D.occasion
2.A.made up　　　B.lit up
C.opened up　　　D.took up
3.A.dashed　　　B.slid　　　C.escaped　　　D.slipped
4.A.regardless of　　　B.along with
C.as for　　　D.owing to
5.A.get rid of　　　B.make use of
C.take care of　　　D.catch hold of
6.A.clapped　　　B.waved
C.shook　　　D.rubbed
7.A.when　　　B.while　　　C.since　　　D.if
8.A.sympathetic　　　B.tolerant
C.considerate　　　D.brilliant
9.A.guiltily　　　B.questioningly
C.merrily　　　D.gratefully
10.A.nod　　　B.smile　　　C.hug　　　D.gesture
11.A.fetched　　　B.brought
C.grabbed　　　D.selected
12.A.observed　　　B.noticed
C.guarded　　　D.forgotten
13.A.awkwardly　　　B.confidently
C.shyly　　　D.innocently
14.A.ideas　　　B.love C.humor　　　D.thoughts
15.A.sweeter　　　B.funnier
C.luckier　　　D.prettier
答案　
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了圣诞节和新年之间的一天,作者带着小孙子在办公楼处理工作的过程中发生的一件暖心的小事。
1.D　根据空后的“sometime between Christmas and New Year”可知,此处点明事情发生的时间,即圣诞节和新年之间的某一天,故选D。occasion表示“(某事发生的)时刻,时候,场景”。
2.B　根据下文可知,此处表示“一颗糖果照亮了十二月份阴沉的一天”,故选B项“照亮”。make up“编造,组成,构成”;open up“打开”;take up“开始从事”。
3.A　根据上下文,尤其是空后的“from the warmth of my car into my office building”可知,在寒冷的冬天,作者和小孙子从温暖的车里急匆匆地进入她的办公楼。dash“急奔,急驰,猛冲”符合语境。slide“滑行,滑动”;escape“逃跑”;slip“滑倒,溜”。
4.D　根据空前的“my office building”和空后的“a few work-related tasks I had to 　5　”可知,此处表示原因,故选D项“因为”。regardless of“不管,不顾”;along with“除……以外,与……同样地”;as for“至于,关于”。 
5.C　根据上下文可知,此处表示因为一些需要作者处理的与工作有关的任务,作者才在假期期间冒雪来到办公楼。take care of“负责,处理”符合语境。get rid of“摆脱,丢弃”;make use of“利用”;catch hold of“抓住,拿着,握着,握住”。
6.D　根据空后的“our hands to warm them”可知,作者他们揉搓自己的手使手暖和起来。rub“摩擦,揉,搓”符合语境。clap“拍手”;wave“挥手”;shake“握手”。
7.B　根据语境可知,此处表示对比,虽然小孙子的手在作者的手里,但他的眼睛却转向了不远处的糖果盘,故选B。
8.C　根据空后的“asked the question all children want to hear, ‘Honey,would you like a candy?’”可知,秘书看出小孙子想吃糖果,善意地问他要不要吃糖果,这说明秘书是一个体贴的人,故选C项“体贴的”。sympathetic“有同情心的”;tolerant“宽容的”;brilliant“聪颖的,有才能的”。
9.B　根据空后的“with his eyes meeting mine,permission hanging in the air”可知,小孙子怀着疑问抬起头看着作者,希望得到作者的同意。questioningly“怀疑地”符合语境。guiltily“羞愧地”;merrily“快乐地”;gratefully“感激地”。
10.A　根据空后的“he hurried over to the candy dish”可知,作者同意小孙子去拿糖果,故此处表示作者向小孙子轻微点头以示同意。
11.C　根据空前的“Without hesitation”可知,小孙子在得到作者的同意后,没有丝毫犹豫地抓了一颗糖果,这里形容小孙子迫不及待的动作,故选C。
12.D　根据上下文可知,小孙子因为太着急拿糖果,忘记跟秘书道谢,也就是忘记了该有的礼貌,故选D。manners在这里表示“礼貌”。
13.D　根据上文“I laughed. The secretary laughed.”可知,作者和秘书都被小孙子的行为逗乐了,小孙子也跟着天真地笑了。innocently“天真无邪地”符合语境。awkwardly“尴尬地”;confidently“自信地”;shyly“害羞地”。
14.B　综合上下文可知,虽然小孙子尚且年幼,也不是很懂礼貌,但是他的行为体现出对长辈的爱,故选B。
15.A　此处用sweeter是一语双关,既指糖果的甜味,也指这件小事留给作者的回忆很甜蜜,故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020山东济宁模拟考试)
When I was a teenager, I 　1　(usual) spent my time thinking about myself and 　2　(take) care of my own needs. I didn't clean our house until 　3　(I) older brother left for college. And I was also never upset 　4　 my parents' bills and problems while I just read books and played all day. I hoped I would have a better and happier life in the future. 
A few years later, I got married and decided 　5　(start) a family. However, I lost my job and couldn't find one. And with 　6　 new baby on the way, I started to worry about my future, but I didn't give up on 　7　(happy). One night after my baby boy 　8　(be) born, I finally realized that there were more than just my own needs. As I was feeding him, he was looking up at me. I still remember the moment 　9　 he smiled at me for the first time. At that moment, I could feel my heart growing with love and realized I already had a lot in my life.  
Carolyn Arends once wrote, “The more people you let into your heart, the 　10　(big) your heart gets.” Please keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always. 
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 
答案　
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在年轻的时候只关心自己的事情,不懂得关心别人,儿子的出生改变了作者。
1.usually　该空应用副词修饰后面的动词spent,故填usually。
2.taking　该空与前面的thinking是and连接的两个并列成分,spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”,故填taking。
3.my　该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词brother,故填my。
4.by/about/at　be upset by/about/at sth.表示“因某事而烦恼”。
5.to start　decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”。
6.a　可数名词单数前应用冠词,此处表示泛指,故填a。
7.happiness　该空作宾语,应用名词,故填happiness。
8.was　孩子的出生发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填was。
9.when　该空为定语从句的关系词,先行词为moment,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故填when。
10.bigger　“the+比较级...the+比较级...”表示“越……就越……”,故填 bigger。
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2020山东滨州摸底考试)
Nowadays the business of fast food is developing at a rapid speed. Have you ever thought twice before deciding to eat fast food? Even if it is easy to buy and it is cheap, the risks outweigh(胜过) the five minutes of satisfaction that fast food brings. There are many risks when it comes to eating food that's made in just a few seconds.
What you eat can affect your health. People who are addicted to fast food are more likely to suffer from various life-threatening diseases. Obesity(肥胖) can come when fast food is bought often. Fast food is made from a lot of fats and high calories. If it isn't removed, then you can grow to become obese. Even a small quantity of fast food contains many calories. People are fooled by its appearance and tend to eat more. Thus, without knowing, they consume a lot of calories. What's worse, obesity isn't the only risk. Heart disease is also a danger. The more fats, sugar and salt you eat, the weaker your heart can grow.
Another concern for most consumers is that they can't keep track of the sources of the food supplies in fast food restaurants. They never know about the living conditions of the animals killed for meat in those restaurants, like cows, pigs, and chicken. A recent study has suggested that bacteria have been found in about 38% fast food. Even some soft drinks are now infected by food-borne illnesses that usually come from meat.
Although fast food is one of the easiest and cheapest ways of eating, the health risks aren't worth your life, and risking your life for something that isn't good for you could cost thousands of dollars in hospital bills. It is important to eat healthily and make good choices when deciding what to put in your body. Don't be lazy and pick up fast food on your way home from work.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
答案　
One possible version:
Despite its popularity, fast food is the origin of various risks.(要点1) Fast food has a negative influence on people's health leading to serious illnesses, like obesity and heart disease.(要点2) Besides, the sources of fast food can be another potential health threat to its consumers.(要点3) Considering the risks, it is essential to keep a healthy diet and make careful choices before eating.(要点4)