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这是一份统考版2022届高考英语一轮复习必修5Unit13People课时提能练含解析北师大版20210218227学案，共15页。学案主要包含了语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·南昌市一模)The remains f an ancient ape (猿) fund in a Bavarian clay site recently caught peple's eye.Accrding t scientists，they may renew peple's pinin n when humans' ancestrs began standing upright.
An internatinal team f researchers said the fssilized skeletn f a male ape that lived in the humid frests f what is nw suthern Germany bre a striking resemblance (相似之处) t mdern human bnes.In a paper published by the jurnal Nature，they cncluded that the previusly unknwn species — named Danuvius guggenmsi — culd walk n tw legs but als climb like an ape.
The findings “raise fundamental questins abut ur previus understanding f the evlutin f the great apes and humans，” said Madelaine Behme，wh led the research.
The questin f when apes culd walk n tw legs has fascinated scientists since Charles Darwin first argued that they were the ancestrs f humans.Previus fssil recrds f apes with an upright mve — fund in Crete and Kenya — dated nly as far back as 6 millin years.These apes are called Tumai.
Behme，alng with researchers frm Bulgaria，Canada and the United States，examined mre than 15,000 bnes recvered frm the archaelgical remains.Amng the remains they were able t piece tgether primate (灵长目动物) fssils belnging t fur individuals that lived 11.62 millin years ag.The mst cmplete，an adult male，likely std abut 1 meter tall，weighed 31 kilgrams and lked similar t mdernday bnbs，a species f the chimpanzee.
Like humans，Danuvius had an Sshaped backbne t hld its bdy upright while standing.Unlike humans，thugh，it had a pwerful big te that wuld have allwed it t grab branches with its ft easily.
Fred Spr，a palentlgist at the Natural Histry Museum in Lndn，called the fssil finds “fantastic” but said they wuld likely be denied r suspected by thers，nt least because they culd challenge many existing ideas abut evlutin.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了科学家新发现的古猿遗骨的相关情况，并指出这可能会刷新人们关于何时人类的祖先开始直立的观点。
1．Where did the scientists find the bnes?
A．Germany. B．Bulgaria.
C．Kenya. D．Brazil.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the fssilized skeletn f a male ape that lived in the humid frests f what is nw suthern Germany”可知，科学家在德国发现了古猿遗骨，故选A。]
2．What can we infer abut Danuvius?
A．It culd make Sshaped tls.
B．It was a species f the chimpanzee.
C．It lived in Crete and Kenya.
D．It existed much earlier than Tumai.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Previus fssil recrds f apes with an upright mve—fund in Crete and Kenya—dated nly as far back as 6 millin years.These apes are called Tumai”和第五段中的“Amng the remains they were able t piece tgether primate(灵长目动物)fssils belnging t fur individuals that lived 11.62 millin years ag”可推知，Danuvius生活的时期比Tumai早得多，故选D。]
3．Hw des Spr feel abut the finding?
A．It ffers further supprt fr the thery f evlutin.
B．It may cause much debate.
C．It is a fantastic finding.
D．It denies the previus ideas.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“they wuld likely be denied r suspected by thers”可推知，Spr认为这项发现可能会引起很多争议，故选B。]
4．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．The Secrets Revealed frm Fssils
B．Legend f Humans' Ancestrs
C．Findings Against the Thery f Evlutin
D．The Oldest Example f Upright Ape Fund in a Bavarian Clay Site
D [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项考古发现，通读全文内容可知，第一段概括了全文的主要内容，由此可知，D项最适合作本篇文章的标题。]
B
(2020·长春市普通高中质量监测二)An argument is an exchange f views between peple wh d nt agree with each ther.Sme arguments turn int angry quarrels.Suppse，a friend brrwed yur car and left it full f fast fd rubbish. What if yu dealt with the situatin this way：
YOU: Why did yu leave all that trash in my car? It's an abslute mess，and I'm tired f yu always being s incnsiderate.
FRIEND: Lk wh's talking.Yu're such a slb (邋遢鬼)that I didn't think yu'd ntice.
Hw did a minr incident turn int such an unpleasant exchange? Yu were angry and feeling as thugh yur kindness was being abused.S instead f talking with yur friend，yu yelled at him.“Why did yu” was a challenge.That's why yur friend immediately went n the defensive and yelled back.
Nw the argument is ver.In fact，yu dn't feel satisfied with the fact that yu've tld him ff! In_the_heat_f_the_mment，he said smething that hurts yur feelings.And perhaps yu didn't really mean what yu said.Hw can yu avid such situatins? Learn t argue in a better way.Try smething like this：
YOU: I dn't like it when yu leave trash in my car.It makes me feel like yu dn't respect me.
FRIEND: Yu're right.It was very incnsiderate.I wn't d it again.
Befre speaking，take a deep breath and get cntrl f yur anger.The wrds yu use will let yur friend knw specifically what is bthering yu and mst imprtantly，treat him with respect.S he will respnd in the same way.
Als ntice that begin the argument with the prnun “I”．An argument beginning with“Yu did...” is generally a challenge.What usually fllws is criticism r an insult.And it ges dwnhill fast frm there.
Using “I” in arguments wn't eliminate all disagreements，but it can certainly cut dwn n the yelling.
【语篇解读】 本文以一个例子为主线，介绍了在争论中应学会使用代词“我”。这虽不能消除所有的分歧，但它确实可以减少争吵，使交流更顺畅。
5．Hw may yu feel after an unpleasant argument with yur friend?
A．Dissatisfied and regretful.
B．Still wanting t argue.
C．Satisfied with the yell.
D．Challenged by the argument.
A [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“yu dn't feel satisfied” “And perhaps yu didn't really mean what yu said”可推知，在与朋友发生不愉快的争论后，你可能会不高兴并后悔。故选A。]
6．Which can prbably replace the underlined phrase “In the heat f the mment”？
A．When it was ht utside.
B．When the talk became exciting.
C．When the argument gt emtinal.
D．When yur friend was warmer than ever.
C [推理判断题。根据画线部分后的“he said smething that hurts yur feelings”可知，他说了一些伤害你感情的话。并结合语境可推知，画线短语的含义与C项“当争论变得情绪化时”意思相符。故选C。]
7．Which sentence might be used in an “I” argument?
A．Yu are making me feel bad.
B．What's the matter with yu?
C．What n earth are yu telling me?
D．It makes me feel bad when hearing that.
D [推理判断题。根据第六段中的“It makes me feel like yu dn't respect me”以及最后两段的内容可知，D项符合题意。]
8．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Winning arguments with ther peple.
B．Making sure that peple d what yu want.
C．Using the “I” methd t cmmunicate better.
D．Aviding having disagreement with friends.
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，最后一段“Using‘I’ in dwn n the yelling”为全文的中心句，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文通过一个例子介绍了在争论中使用代词“我”会使交流更顺畅。故选C。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·湖北省部分重点中学第一次联考)I just tk part in my first MidAutumn Festival celebratin in China. __1__ a week after arriving fr my graduate studies，I was kind f hmesick—memries f past __2__ back in Kenya with my family and friends appearing in my mind.On the mrning f Friday，September 13th，the __3__ n the campus was very cheerful.Chinese students explained t us the imprtance f the day as gifts f mncakes were __4__.
Then came the night.The full mn hung __5__ in the sky as if it were abut t fall.Millins f eyes lked at it with__6__.Unlike previus nights，a cl breeze swept thrugh the campus.With African music playing n my headphnes，I danced in my way，__7__ in the wind，and frgetting myself fr a mment.
As I __8__ t my rm，I was fascinated by the festival's idea.My __9__ mind pushed me nline where I came acrss the pem“Prelude t Water Meldy”(《水调歌头》)，by the wellknwn Chinese writer Su Dngp.This pem cncisely seized what I was __10__ .The message and the tne bth resnated(引起共鸣)with my feelings.Su wndered what time it was in the sky while writing the pem. __11__ the time differences between China and Kenya，I was cnstantly trying t __12__ what time it was back at hme.
Finally，Su asked his family t jin him in __13__ the timeless perfectin f a full mn in a __14__ night.What a gd way t finish! I，t，was hping that all was well with my family.Despite the distance and __15__ that cmes with nt seeing r hearing frm a lved ne，we were all flurishing(健康幸福)when admiring the __16__mn.
And while we may g away frm hme，as happens frm time t time；the family remains the mst imprtant __17__ t ur existence.As the Chinese used the hliday t__18__with the lved nes，the Kenyan cmmunity als gt tgether，shared a meal and walked n the streets under the nen lights.
As I wrte this，a day after the Festival，I culdn't help but lk frward t the next.Thank my Chinese friends，whse __19__ made me and a crwd f ther freign students experience an__20__ MidAutumn Festival.
【语篇解读】 “我”是一位来自肯尼亚的留学生，在刚来中国的时候，“我”有些想家，但恰逢中国的中秋节，“我”和中国朋友一起过了一个难忘的中秋节；回到房间后，“我”在网上看到了苏东坡的词，体会到其所传递的情感之后，“我”的思乡之情变成了对家人的美好祝福。
1．A.PrperlyB．Typically
C．Exactly D．Similarly
C [根据下文中的“I was kind f hmesick”可推知，“我”应该刚到中国上学不久。由此可知，此处表示“我”来中国正好一周的时间。故选C。]
2．A.cllectins B．experiences
C．hbbies D．expectatins
B [根据本句中的“hmesick”及“memries”可知，“我”怀念在肯尼亚和家人、朋友在一起的那些经历。故选B。]
3．A.atmsphere B．scenery
C．architecture D．traditin
A [根据本句中的“cheerful”以及文章所提到的中秋节这个背景可知，当时因为是中秋节，所以校园里的氛围非常令人愉快。故选A。]
4．A.missed B．surrunded
C．recvered D．exchanged
D [根据中秋节这一背景，以及句中的“gifts”可知，在中秋节那天，人们把月饼作为礼物交换。故选D。]
5．A.unstablyB．prudly
C．cnstantly D．permanently
A [根据下文中的“as if it were abut t fall”可知，月亮看起来似乎要掉下来了。由此可推知，当时的满月不稳固地挂在天空。故选A。A项意为“不稳固地”；D项意为“永久地”。]
6．A.terrr B．admiratin
C．dubtD．mercy
B [根据上文中的“the campus was very cheerful”以及该空前的“Millins f eyes lked at it”可知，此处表示无数双眼睛都在赞赏地注视着月亮，即赏月。故选B。]
7．A.lying B．diving
C．strugglingD．flating
D [根据语境可知，“我”的耳机里播放着非洲音乐，“我”随着音乐舞动，在风中飘动。故选D。]
8．A.hurried B．called
C．returnedD．rde
C [根据空后的“t my rm”可知，“我”在校园里赏月之后，回到了房间。故选C。]
9．A.surprising B．curius
C．nervusD．upset
B [根据空前的“I was fascinated by the festival's idea”以及本句中的 “pushed me nline”可知，“我”对这个节日的构思很感兴趣，因此好奇心促使“我”在网上查阅有关中秋节的信息。故选B。]
10．A.ging thrugh B．standing fr
C．taking upD．putting ff
A [根据下文中的“The message and the tne bth resnated(引起共鸣) with my feelings”可知，这首词所传递的信息和基调都与“我”的感受产生了共鸣。由此可知，此处表示这首词简明地抓住了“我”正在经历的事。故选A。A项意为“经历”；B项意为“代表”；C项意为“占据”；D项意为“推迟”。]
11．A.Assuming B．Discussing
C．CnsideringD．Expressing
C [根据上文中的“Su wndered what time it was in the sky”可推知，通过体会苏东坡当时的所思所感，考虑到中国与肯尼亚的时差，“我”一直试着弄清楚当时在“我”的家乡是什么时间。故选C。]
12．A.figure ut B．appeal t
C．bring abutD．care fr
A [参见上题解析。A项意为“弄清楚”；B项意为“呼吁，上诉”；C项意为“引起”；D项意为“照顾，非常喜欢”。]
13．A.cmmunicating B．acquiring
C．representingD．enjying
D [根据空后的“the timeless perfectin f a full mn”可知，此处表示苏东坡在词中邀请他的家人和他一起欣赏一轮满月永恒的完美。故选D。]
14．A.dark B．cludless
C．deepD．warm
B [根据空前的“a full mn”以及上文“我”和同学在校园里赏月，结合常识可知，能看到满月，应是在一个晴朗的夜晚，B项意为“晴朗的”，故选B。]
15．A.beauty B．temperature
C．anxietyD．freedm
C [根据空后的“nt seeing r hearing frm a lved ne”可推知，此处表示尽管与所爱的人相距甚远且因见不到所爱之人或没有得到所爱之人的消息而心怀焦虑，但当欣赏满月时，我们都健康幸福。故选C。]
16．A.pale B．new
C．cldD．full
D [参见上题解析。]
17．A.unit B．grup
C．fieldD．message
A [根据语境可推知，这里表示虽然我们离家很远，但是家在我们的生命中始终是最重要的组成部分。故选A。]
18．A.assciate B．wrk
C．reuniteD．d
C [根据语境并结合常识可知，中国人在中秋佳节和所爱的人团聚。故选C。]
19．A.hnesty B．warmth
C．braveryD．strength
B [根据第一段中的“the ________ n the campus was very cheerful”以及 “Chinese students explained t us the imprtance f the day as gifts f mncakes were ________”并结合选项可推知，中国朋友的热情让“我”和其他留学生经历了一个难忘的中秋节。故选B。]
20．A.hnrable B．imaginable
C．reasnableD．unfrgettable
D [根据上文中的“I culdn't help but lk frward t the next”可知，“我”和其他留学生经历了一个难忘的(unfrgettable)中秋节。hnrable“可敬的”；imaginable“可想象的”；reasnable“合理的”。]
课时提能练(二十六)
必修5 Unit 13 Peple(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·开封市高三模拟)The bus stps in the Dutch city f Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical.Nw,316 bus stps feature a green rf that adds sme life t the city，while als string rainwater，catching dust，and prviding sme much needed shade during the ht mnths.This prject is gd fr the hneybee ppulatin that is attracted t the plants n the rf.T keep up this successful ecsystem，municipal wrkers drive arund in electric cars，taking care f the mini gardens.
Anther ne f the biggest benefits t cme ut f these green stps is the imprved air quality.Smking，cars，and bacteria all cntribute t plluting the air we breathe.These ecfriendly public spaces act as an air purifier (净化器) fr urban peple，thugh humans aren't the nly grup that benefits frm them.
Utrecht has als made great effrts twards mving their transprtatin system away frm gasguzzling (耗油的) buses.The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses and plans t have nly CO2inactive buses n the rads by 2028.
The buses have a system that recrds the driver's efficiency and cmfrt levels.Drivers can win prizes based n hw safe and cmfrtable the ride is.The city is als ne f the mst bicyclefriendly places in the wrld.Rads have been redesigned fr cyclists' cnvenience and there is a new stateftheart bicycle parking area that is lcated beneath Utrecht's central train statin.
Utrecht ffers incentives(奖励)t keep citizens energized and mtivated t live greener lives.There're even incentives fr peple t transfrm their rfs int green rfs t.Achieving the gals f an ecfriendly city takes cperatin and Utrecht is leading the way t prtect ur envirnment.
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市对公共交通系统的改造情况。该市通过改造公交车站、使用电动公交车等手段，以进一步减少公交系统对环境带来的负面影响。
1．What is special abut the bus stps in Utrecht?
A．They are ecfriendly.
B．They can save a lt f energy.
C．They are artificially intelligent.
D．They can prvide pwer fr buses.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Anther ne f the biggest benefits t cme ut f these green stps is the imprved air quality”可知，该市的车站的特别之处在于其非常环保，故选A。]
2．What can we infer abut the changes t the transprtatin system in Utrecht?
A．Nt all buses are gasguzzling at present.
B．Gasguzzling cars have been cmpletely replaced.
C．Only electric private cars are allwed n the rads.
D．Buses have air purifiers fixed n them.
A [推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses”可知，该市已经将10辆耗油的公交车换成了电动公交车。由此可以推测出，当前并不是所有的公交车都是耗油的车，故选A。]
3．What might passengers cmment n the bus service in Utrecht?
A．Buses are always t crwded.
B．Buses are ften behind schedule.
C．Buses are t big fr redesigned rads.
D．Buses are generally cmfrtable and safe.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Drivers can win prizes based n hw safe and cmfrtable the ride is”可知，司机可以根据所提供的乘车服务的安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此可以推测出，乘客可能会对公交服务表示感到安全与舒适，故选D。]
4．What are peple living in Utrecht encuraged t d?
A．Give up smking.
B．Create gardens n their rfs.
C．Paint their rfs green.
D．Cnsume mre hney.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“There're even incentives fr peple t transfrm their rfs int green rfs t”可知，该市还有为将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶的人们提供的奖励。由此可知，B项符合文意。]
B
(2020·深圳市普通高中第二次测试)East Africa is experiencing the wrst desert lcust(蝗虫) utbreak in decades.Climate events have accelerated the breeding f the pest acrss the regin，and with a sudden rise in the lcust ppulatin expected in cming weeks，urgent actins and funds are needed t prevent a human crisis.
Twenty millin peple in six f the eight East African cuntries mst affected by an nging desert lcust utbreak are at risk f serius fd insecurity.Cnsidered amng the mst destructive f mving pests，an adult lcust can cnsume 2g f plants per day，affecting crps and grasslands.A grup typically hlds 20 t 150 millin lcusts per square kilmeter and can mve hundreds f kilmeters per day，invading areas cvering millins f square kilmeters.An active grup，therefre，can destry crps and grasslands within a very shrt perid f time.
That glbal warming culd increase the risk f the desert lcust crisis was prpsed ver ten years ag，and in February，the UN SecretaryGeneral Antóni Guterres stated that the current utbreak is linked t the effects f climate change—warmer seas mean mre cyclnes(旋风) generating the perfect breeding grund fr lcusts.The utbreak has its rigins in 2018，when a series f cyclnes in the Arabian Peninsula(阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet cnditins the desert lcust requires fr breeding in remte regins.Thugh ur fcus here is migratin west，dreadful utbreaks f the desert lcust have been experienced t the east.
The situatin is ging ut f cntrl.A rescue peratin and financial supprt need n delay.
The Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) has put an immediate price tag f US $138 millin fr rapid respnse and immediate actin—cntrlling the spread f the desert lcust and safeguarding livelihds.They say the maths is clear：abut half the funding is needed fr supervisin，grund and sky cntrl，and uniting effrts；the ther half is needed fr livelihds and fd security f farmers.They have called n the internatinal cmmunity t act nw thrugh funding.Hwever，by the end f February，just US $69 millin had been prmised.
This mst alarming crisis has develped and is wrsening in East Africa.The funds needed t cntrl the situatin becme very difficult t achieve and the gap is a big cncern.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况及蝗灾的其他相关情况。
5．Why des the crisis happen in East Africa?
A．There is a big ppulatin there.
B．There are large deserts and grasslands.
C．Africa lies t west f the Arabian Peninsula.
D．Climate gd fr breeding plays a rle.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Climate events have accelerated the breeding f the pest acrss the regin，and with a sudden rise in the lcust ppulatin expected in cming weeks”及第三段中的“the UN SecretaryGeneral Antóni Guterres stated that the current utbreak is linked t the effects f climate change—warmer seas mean mre cyclnes(旋风)generating the perfect breeding grund fr lcusts”可知，有利于蝗虫繁殖的气候发挥了作用。故选D。]
6．Why des the writer list thse figures in Para.2?
A．T warn f the terrible damage caused by lcusts.
B．T help us understand hw lcusts live.
C．T shw hw many lcusts there are nw.
D．T draw a picture f present Africa.
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中列举的数据可以看出，东非蝗灾影响的国家多、人数多及蝗灾的危害大。由此可推知，作者列举那些数据的目的是告知蝗虫造成的严重破坏。故选A。]
7．What can we knw frm the text?
A．The crisis is nt nticed until recently.
B．Mre mney is needed t prevent the crisis.
C．The crisis has been the fcus f the wrld.
D．Lcusts are all frm the Arabian Peninsula.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) has put an immediate price tag f US $138 millin” “Hwever，by the end f February，just US $69 millin had been prmised”并结合最后一段的内容可知，抗击蝗灾需要很多资金，然而，资金缺口却非常大。故选B。]
8．Which is the best title fr the text?
A．Killing lcusts befre t late
B．Glbal warming，a wrld prblem
C．The funding gap fr the lcust crisis
D．Africa，a crisisstricken place
C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况以及导致蝗灾爆发的因素和其带来的严重后果。故C项最适合作本文标题。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)Peple have always wanted t knw what the future will lk like.Then，hw can we? __1__The wrld has changed a lt in the last 150 years，but we humans are driven by the same basic needs as we were 150 years ag，such as fd，sleep，the feeling f being appreciated and additin，generally speaking，the inventins fr the last 150 years have been a human effrt fr freedm and cmmunicatin，t be able t get in cntrl f the time and wrld.Since there is still much t d in this area，this will be the fcus at least fr the next 150 years.
But why d we need t predict the future? Predicting the future is imprtant fr tw reasns: First，we need t start t think abut what kind f future we wuld like fr urselves and t pass n t the next generatin.__3__
Hw abut the virtual wrlds? It might be in the future t experience the sand between yur tes，and hear the waves，just lying in yur bed at hme.__4__ S，even if a great inventin is there fr an affrdable price，it'll never take the place f the cmmn experience if it is nt real.
__5__What we'll see in the next 50 years is the transitin(过渡)frm an ildependent sciety t a new sciety.Here there'll be new medicine，cntinued explratin f space，challenges in the climate change，and new inventins that make life a little easier.
A．Will this change in the next 150 years?
B．S what will the future lk like then?
C．Predicting the future can help us in many ways.
D．Well，t understand the future，yu must knw the past.
E．Hwever，yu'll never get the feeling f being there.
F．Hwever，n matter hw real the experience will feel，it desn't happen fr real.
G．Then we need t knw what decisins we need t make tday that will give the best result in the future.
【语篇解读】 人们总想知道未来会是什么样子的，其实要想展望未来，必须了解过去。不管世界如何变化，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉等不会改变，未来的虚拟世界也不会代替真实的世界。但是可以预知，未来五十年里，世界将从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会，人们的生活会更好。
1．D [根据空处下文可知，在过去的150年里，世界发生了巨大的变化；结合空前一句可推知，空处承上启下，说明我们想要展望未来，就要了解过去，故D项符合语境。]
2．A [根据空前一句可知，在过去的150年里，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉没有变化，结合空后的“N”可知，空处应是一个疑问句，并与空前一句讲人的基本需求相呼应，故A项与此处匹配。]
3．G [根据该段第二句可知，该段主要讲的是预知未来的两个原因，空前一句讲的是第一个原因，即需要思考自己想要的并传递给下一代的未来是什么样的；据此可知，空处陈述第二个原因，即需要知道做出怎样的决定才能给未来带来最好的结果，故G项正确。其中G项中的“Then we need t”与空前一句中的“First，we need t”相呼应。]
4．F [根据空后一句可知，即使一项重大发明的价格我们可以承受，但是虚拟体验绝不会代替真实体验，结合空处上文可推知，F项符合语境，衔接上下文。]
5．B [根据空处下文可知，该段介绍了对未来五十年的展望：从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会；未来的生活更好。故B项与此处匹配。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)Chinese fds, with a lng histry，1.________ (be) knwn fr their special taste and exquisiteness(精致). Here are several traditinal Chinese fds.
Ndles are a symbl f lng life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part as 2.________ birthday cake with its candles 3.________ (light) in western cuntries. Since ndles mean lng life, it is cnsidered very 4.________ (lucky) t cut them ff.
In China, a whle fish 5.________ (symbl) wealth. At a party, it is a traditin t serve the whle fish. The fish als has a special meaning because the Chinese wrd fr the fish yu sunds like the wrd fr wealth. S 6.________ is believed that eating fish will help yur wishes cme true in the year t cme.
Anther ppular dish is zngzi, 7.________ is served during the Dragn Bat Festival. This tasty dish 8.________ (make) f sticky rice with meat, peanuts r ther delicius fd in bamb 9.________ (leaf). The traditin f eating zngzi is meant t remind us 10.________ a great Chinese pet，Qu Yuan.
【语篇解读】 该文简单介绍了三种中国传统食物——面条、整鱼和粽子。
1．are [考查时态和主谓一致。“with a lng histry”前后都有逗号，可以理解为插入语，不影响句子的主体结构，该句的主语是“Chinese fds”，且此处是客观性的描述，故谓语用复数形式，时态用一般现在时，所以填are。]
2．a [考查冠词。cake是可数名词，第一次在文中出现，而且没有用复数形式，又根据语境可知，此处应用不定冠词修饰；又因为birthday的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。]
3．lit/lighted [考查with复合结构。此处为“with＋名词/代词＋分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词”结构，在句子中作状语。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处和“its candles”存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用light的过去分词形式lit或lighted。]
4．unlucky [考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“因为面条意味着长寿，所以将它们切断被认为是非常不吉利的”，所以填形容词unlucky。]
5．symblizes [考查词形转换。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，和句子的主语“a whle fish”构成主谓关系，且此处表示一种客观情况，故用一般现在时的单数形式，所以填symblizes。]
6．it [考查固定用法。it is believed that...“据信”是固定用法，it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，所以此处应填代词it。]
7．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰表示物的先行词zngzi，引导词在从句中作主语，所以填which。]
8．is made [考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示“由……构成”，应用be made f...表示，又句子的主语为“This tasty dish”，且此处是客观性的描述，故应用一般现在时的单数形式，所以填is made。]
9．leaves [考查名词的单复数。leaf是可数名词，没有被冠词修饰，且此处表示“竹叶”，表示复数概念，故用其复数形式，所以填leaves。]
10．f [考查介词。remind sb.f sb.“使某人想起某人”是固定用法，所以此处填介词f。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·湖北八校第一次联考)As it is knwn t all，the Great Wall is the mst famus places f interest in China.Everybdy wants t g there，but I am n exceptin.Then，this summer vacatin，the day I have been lking frward t cming at last.I gt up very early that day and set ff with my brther Tim fllwed behind.After tw hurs' bus ride，we arrived at which lked like the large market，where there were millins f peple talking，pushing and phtgraphing.Lking at that，my enthusiasm immediate disappeared.Indeed，the Great Wall is really smething must be experienced with a little ease and privacy.
[答案]
As eq \(it,＼) is knwn t all，the Great Wall is the mst famus eq \f(places,place) f interest in China.Everybdy wants t g there，eq \f(but,and) I am n exceptin.Then，this summer vacatin，the day I eq \f(have,had) been lking frward t eq \f(cming,came) at last.I gt up very early that day and set ff with my brther Tim eq \f(fllwed,fllwing) behind.After tw hurs' bus ride，we arrived at eq \f(which,what) lked like eq \f(the,a) large market，where there were millins f peple talking，pushing and phtgraphing.Lking at that，my enthusiasm eq \f(immediate,immediately) disappeared.Indeed，the Great Wall is really smething eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(that)) must be experienced with a little ease and privacy.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·南昌市一模)The remains f an ancient ape (猿) fund in a Bavarian clay site recently caught peple's eye.Accrding t scientists，they may renew peple's pinin n when humans' ancestrs began standing upright.
An internatinal team f researchers said the fssilized skeletn f a male ape that lived in the humid frests f what is nw suthern Germany bre a striking resemblance (相似之处) t mdern human bnes.In a paper published by the jurnal Nature，they cncluded that the previusly unknwn species — named Danuvius guggenmsi — culd walk n tw legs but als climb like an ape.
The findings “raise fundamental questins abut ur previus understanding f the evlutin f the great apes and humans，” said Madelaine Behme，wh led the research.
The questin f when apes culd walk n tw legs has fascinated scientists since Charles Darwin first argued that they were the ancestrs f humans.Previus fssil recrds f apes with an upright mve — fund in Crete and Kenya — dated nly as far back as 6 millin years.These apes are called Tumai.
Behme，alng with researchers frm Bulgaria，Canada and the United States，examined mre than 15,000 bnes recvered frm the archaelgical remains.Amng the remains they were able t piece tgether primate (灵长目动物) fssils belnging t fur individuals that lived 11.62 millin years ag.The mst cmplete，an adult male，likely std abut 1 meter tall，weighed 31 kilgrams and lked similar t mdernday bnbs，a species f the chimpanzee.
Like humans，Danuvius had an Sshaped backbne t hld its bdy upright while standing.Unlike humans，thugh，it had a pwerful big te that wuld have allwed it t grab branches with its ft easily.
Fred Spr，a palentlgist at the Natural Histry Museum in Lndn，called the fssil finds “fantastic” but said they wuld likely be denied r suspected by thers，nt least because they culd challenge many existing ideas abut evlutin.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了科学家新发现的古猿遗骨的相关情况，并指出这可能会刷新人们关于何时人类的祖先开始直立的观点。
1．Where did the scientists find the bnes?
A．Germany. B．Bulgaria.
C．Kenya. D．Brazil.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the fssilized skeletn f a male ape that lived in the humid frests f what is nw suthern Germany”可知，科学家在德国发现了古猿遗骨，故选A。]
2．What can we infer abut Danuvius?
A．It culd make Sshaped tls.
B．It was a species f the chimpanzee.
C．It lived in Crete and Kenya.
D．It existed much earlier than Tumai.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Previus fssil recrds f apes with an upright mve—fund in Crete and Kenya—dated nly as far back as 6 millin years.These apes are called Tumai”和第五段中的“Amng the remains they were able t piece tgether primate(灵长目动物)fssils belnging t fur individuals that lived 11.62 millin years ag”可推知，Danuvius生活的时期比Tumai早得多，故选D。]
3．Hw des Spr feel abut the finding?
A．It ffers further supprt fr the thery f evlutin.
B．It may cause much debate.
C．It is a fantastic finding.
D．It denies the previus ideas.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“they wuld likely be denied r suspected by thers”可推知，Spr认为这项发现可能会引起很多争议，故选B。]
4．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．The Secrets Revealed frm Fssils
B．Legend f Humans' Ancestrs
C．Findings Against the Thery f Evlutin
D．The Oldest Example f Upright Ape Fund in a Bavarian Clay Site
D [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项考古发现，通读全文内容可知，第一段概括了全文的主要内容，由此可知，D项最适合作本篇文章的标题。]
B
(2020·长春市普通高中质量监测二)An argument is an exchange f views between peple wh d nt agree with each ther.Sme arguments turn int angry quarrels.Suppse，a friend brrwed yur car and left it full f fast fd rubbish. What if yu dealt with the situatin this way：
YOU: Why did yu leave all that trash in my car? It's an abslute mess，and I'm tired f yu always being s incnsiderate.
FRIEND: Lk wh's talking.Yu're such a slb (邋遢鬼)that I didn't think yu'd ntice.
Hw did a minr incident turn int such an unpleasant exchange? Yu were angry and feeling as thugh yur kindness was being abused.S instead f talking with yur friend，yu yelled at him.“Why did yu” was a challenge.That's why yur friend immediately went n the defensive and yelled back.
Nw the argument is ver.In fact，yu dn't feel satisfied with the fact that yu've tld him ff! In_the_heat_f_the_mment，he said smething that hurts yur feelings.And perhaps yu didn't really mean what yu said.Hw can yu avid such situatins? Learn t argue in a better way.Try smething like this：
YOU: I dn't like it when yu leave trash in my car.It makes me feel like yu dn't respect me.
FRIEND: Yu're right.It was very incnsiderate.I wn't d it again.
Befre speaking，take a deep breath and get cntrl f yur anger.The wrds yu use will let yur friend knw specifically what is bthering yu and mst imprtantly，treat him with respect.S he will respnd in the same way.
Als ntice that begin the argument with the prnun “I”．An argument beginning with“Yu did...” is generally a challenge.What usually fllws is criticism r an insult.And it ges dwnhill fast frm there.
Using “I” in arguments wn't eliminate all disagreements，but it can certainly cut dwn n the yelling.
【语篇解读】 本文以一个例子为主线，介绍了在争论中应学会使用代词“我”。这虽不能消除所有的分歧，但它确实可以减少争吵，使交流更顺畅。
5．Hw may yu feel after an unpleasant argument with yur friend?
A．Dissatisfied and regretful.
B．Still wanting t argue.
C．Satisfied with the yell.
D．Challenged by the argument.
A [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“yu dn't feel satisfied” “And perhaps yu didn't really mean what yu said”可推知，在与朋友发生不愉快的争论后，你可能会不高兴并后悔。故选A。]
6．Which can prbably replace the underlined phrase “In the heat f the mment”？
A．When it was ht utside.
B．When the talk became exciting.
C．When the argument gt emtinal.
D．When yur friend was warmer than ever.
C [推理判断题。根据画线部分后的“he said smething that hurts yur feelings”可知，他说了一些伤害你感情的话。并结合语境可推知，画线短语的含义与C项“当争论变得情绪化时”意思相符。故选C。]
7．Which sentence might be used in an “I” argument?
A．Yu are making me feel bad.
B．What's the matter with yu?
C．What n earth are yu telling me?
D．It makes me feel bad when hearing that.
D [推理判断题。根据第六段中的“It makes me feel like yu dn't respect me”以及最后两段的内容可知，D项符合题意。]
8．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Winning arguments with ther peple.
B．Making sure that peple d what yu want.
C．Using the “I” methd t cmmunicate better.
D．Aviding having disagreement with friends.
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，最后一段“Using‘I’ in dwn n the yelling”为全文的中心句，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文通过一个例子介绍了在争论中使用代词“我”会使交流更顺畅。故选C。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·湖北省部分重点中学第一次联考)I just tk part in my first MidAutumn Festival celebratin in China. __1__ a week after arriving fr my graduate studies，I was kind f hmesick—memries f past __2__ back in Kenya with my family and friends appearing in my mind.On the mrning f Friday，September 13th，the __3__ n the campus was very cheerful.Chinese students explained t us the imprtance f the day as gifts f mncakes were __4__.
Then came the night.The full mn hung __5__ in the sky as if it were abut t fall.Millins f eyes lked at it with__6__.Unlike previus nights，a cl breeze swept thrugh the campus.With African music playing n my headphnes，I danced in my way，__7__ in the wind，and frgetting myself fr a mment.
As I __8__ t my rm，I was fascinated by the festival's idea.My __9__ mind pushed me nline where I came acrss the pem“Prelude t Water Meldy”(《水调歌头》)，by the wellknwn Chinese writer Su Dngp.This pem cncisely seized what I was __10__ .The message and the tne bth resnated(引起共鸣)with my feelings.Su wndered what time it was in the sky while writing the pem. __11__ the time differences between China and Kenya，I was cnstantly trying t __12__ what time it was back at hme.
Finally，Su asked his family t jin him in __13__ the timeless perfectin f a full mn in a __14__ night.What a gd way t finish! I，t，was hping that all was well with my family.Despite the distance and __15__ that cmes with nt seeing r hearing frm a lved ne，we were all flurishing(健康幸福)when admiring the __16__mn.
And while we may g away frm hme，as happens frm time t time；the family remains the mst imprtant __17__ t ur existence.As the Chinese used the hliday t__18__with the lved nes，the Kenyan cmmunity als gt tgether，shared a meal and walked n the streets under the nen lights.
As I wrte this，a day after the Festival，I culdn't help but lk frward t the next.Thank my Chinese friends，whse __19__ made me and a crwd f ther freign students experience an__20__ MidAutumn Festival.
【语篇解读】 “我”是一位来自肯尼亚的留学生，在刚来中国的时候，“我”有些想家，但恰逢中国的中秋节，“我”和中国朋友一起过了一个难忘的中秋节；回到房间后，“我”在网上看到了苏东坡的词，体会到其所传递的情感之后，“我”的思乡之情变成了对家人的美好祝福。
1．A.PrperlyB．Typically
C．Exactly D．Similarly
C [根据下文中的“I was kind f hmesick”可推知，“我”应该刚到中国上学不久。由此可知，此处表示“我”来中国正好一周的时间。故选C。]
2．A.cllectins B．experiences
C．hbbies D．expectatins
B [根据本句中的“hmesick”及“memries”可知，“我”怀念在肯尼亚和家人、朋友在一起的那些经历。故选B。]
3．A.atmsphere B．scenery
C．architecture D．traditin
A [根据本句中的“cheerful”以及文章所提到的中秋节这个背景可知，当时因为是中秋节，所以校园里的氛围非常令人愉快。故选A。]
4．A.missed B．surrunded
C．recvered D．exchanged
D [根据中秋节这一背景，以及句中的“gifts”可知，在中秋节那天，人们把月饼作为礼物交换。故选D。]
5．A.unstablyB．prudly
C．cnstantly D．permanently
A [根据下文中的“as if it were abut t fall”可知，月亮看起来似乎要掉下来了。由此可推知，当时的满月不稳固地挂在天空。故选A。A项意为“不稳固地”；D项意为“永久地”。]
6．A.terrr B．admiratin
C．dubtD．mercy
B [根据上文中的“the campus was very cheerful”以及该空前的“Millins f eyes lked at it”可知，此处表示无数双眼睛都在赞赏地注视着月亮，即赏月。故选B。]
7．A.lying B．diving
C．strugglingD．flating
D [根据语境可知，“我”的耳机里播放着非洲音乐，“我”随着音乐舞动，在风中飘动。故选D。]
8．A.hurried B．called
C．returnedD．rde
C [根据空后的“t my rm”可知，“我”在校园里赏月之后，回到了房间。故选C。]
9．A.surprising B．curius
C．nervusD．upset
B [根据空前的“I was fascinated by the festival's idea”以及本句中的 “pushed me nline”可知，“我”对这个节日的构思很感兴趣，因此好奇心促使“我”在网上查阅有关中秋节的信息。故选B。]
10．A.ging thrugh B．standing fr
C．taking upD．putting ff
A [根据下文中的“The message and the tne bth resnated(引起共鸣) with my feelings”可知，这首词所传递的信息和基调都与“我”的感受产生了共鸣。由此可知，此处表示这首词简明地抓住了“我”正在经历的事。故选A。A项意为“经历”；B项意为“代表”；C项意为“占据”；D项意为“推迟”。]
11．A.Assuming B．Discussing
C．CnsideringD．Expressing
C [根据上文中的“Su wndered what time it was in the sky”可推知，通过体会苏东坡当时的所思所感，考虑到中国与肯尼亚的时差，“我”一直试着弄清楚当时在“我”的家乡是什么时间。故选C。]
12．A.figure ut B．appeal t
C．bring abutD．care fr
A [参见上题解析。A项意为“弄清楚”；B项意为“呼吁，上诉”；C项意为“引起”；D项意为“照顾，非常喜欢”。]
13．A.cmmunicating B．acquiring
C．representingD．enjying
D [根据空后的“the timeless perfectin f a full mn”可知，此处表示苏东坡在词中邀请他的家人和他一起欣赏一轮满月永恒的完美。故选D。]
14．A.dark B．cludless
C．deepD．warm
B [根据空前的“a full mn”以及上文“我”和同学在校园里赏月，结合常识可知，能看到满月，应是在一个晴朗的夜晚，B项意为“晴朗的”，故选B。]
15．A.beauty B．temperature
C．anxietyD．freedm
C [根据空后的“nt seeing r hearing frm a lved ne”可推知，此处表示尽管与所爱的人相距甚远且因见不到所爱之人或没有得到所爱之人的消息而心怀焦虑，但当欣赏满月时，我们都健康幸福。故选C。]
16．A.pale B．new
C．cldD．full
D [参见上题解析。]
17．A.unit B．grup
C．fieldD．message
A [根据语境可推知，这里表示虽然我们离家很远，但是家在我们的生命中始终是最重要的组成部分。故选A。]
18．A.assciate B．wrk
C．reuniteD．d
C [根据语境并结合常识可知，中国人在中秋佳节和所爱的人团聚。故选C。]
19．A.hnesty B．warmth
C．braveryD．strength
B [根据第一段中的“the ________ n the campus was very cheerful”以及 “Chinese students explained t us the imprtance f the day as gifts f mncakes were ________”并结合选项可推知，中国朋友的热情让“我”和其他留学生经历了一个难忘的中秋节。故选B。]
20．A.hnrable B．imaginable
C．reasnableD．unfrgettable
D [根据上文中的“I culdn't help but lk frward t the next”可知，“我”和其他留学生经历了一个难忘的(unfrgettable)中秋节。hnrable“可敬的”；imaginable“可想象的”；reasnable“合理的”。]
课时提能练(二十六)
必修5 Unit 13 Peple(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·开封市高三模拟)The bus stps in the Dutch city f Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical.Nw,316 bus stps feature a green rf that adds sme life t the city，while als string rainwater，catching dust，and prviding sme much needed shade during the ht mnths.This prject is gd fr the hneybee ppulatin that is attracted t the plants n the rf.T keep up this successful ecsystem，municipal wrkers drive arund in electric cars，taking care f the mini gardens.
Anther ne f the biggest benefits t cme ut f these green stps is the imprved air quality.Smking，cars，and bacteria all cntribute t plluting the air we breathe.These ecfriendly public spaces act as an air purifier (净化器) fr urban peple，thugh humans aren't the nly grup that benefits frm them.
Utrecht has als made great effrts twards mving their transprtatin system away frm gasguzzling (耗油的) buses.The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses and plans t have nly CO2inactive buses n the rads by 2028.
The buses have a system that recrds the driver's efficiency and cmfrt levels.Drivers can win prizes based n hw safe and cmfrtable the ride is.The city is als ne f the mst bicyclefriendly places in the wrld.Rads have been redesigned fr cyclists' cnvenience and there is a new stateftheart bicycle parking area that is lcated beneath Utrecht's central train statin.
Utrecht ffers incentives(奖励)t keep citizens energized and mtivated t live greener lives.There're even incentives fr peple t transfrm their rfs int green rfs t.Achieving the gals f an ecfriendly city takes cperatin and Utrecht is leading the way t prtect ur envirnment.
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市对公共交通系统的改造情况。该市通过改造公交车站、使用电动公交车等手段，以进一步减少公交系统对环境带来的负面影响。
1．What is special abut the bus stps in Utrecht?
A．They are ecfriendly.
B．They can save a lt f energy.
C．They are artificially intelligent.
D．They can prvide pwer fr buses.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Anther ne f the biggest benefits t cme ut f these green stps is the imprved air quality”可知，该市的车站的特别之处在于其非常环保，故选A。]
2．What can we infer abut the changes t the transprtatin system in Utrecht?
A．Nt all buses are gasguzzling at present.
B．Gasguzzling cars have been cmpletely replaced.
C．Only electric private cars are allwed n the rads.
D．Buses have air purifiers fixed n them.
A [推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses”可知，该市已经将10辆耗油的公交车换成了电动公交车。由此可以推测出，当前并不是所有的公交车都是耗油的车，故选A。]
3．What might passengers cmment n the bus service in Utrecht?
A．Buses are always t crwded.
B．Buses are ften behind schedule.
C．Buses are t big fr redesigned rads.
D．Buses are generally cmfrtable and safe.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Drivers can win prizes based n hw safe and cmfrtable the ride is”可知，司机可以根据所提供的乘车服务的安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此可以推测出，乘客可能会对公交服务表示感到安全与舒适，故选D。]
4．What are peple living in Utrecht encuraged t d?
A．Give up smking.
B．Create gardens n their rfs.
C．Paint their rfs green.
D．Cnsume mre hney.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“There're even incentives fr peple t transfrm their rfs int green rfs t”可知，该市还有为将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶的人们提供的奖励。由此可知，B项符合文意。]
B
(2020·深圳市普通高中第二次测试)East Africa is experiencing the wrst desert lcust(蝗虫) utbreak in decades.Climate events have accelerated the breeding f the pest acrss the regin，and with a sudden rise in the lcust ppulatin expected in cming weeks，urgent actins and funds are needed t prevent a human crisis.
Twenty millin peple in six f the eight East African cuntries mst affected by an nging desert lcust utbreak are at risk f serius fd insecurity.Cnsidered amng the mst destructive f mving pests，an adult lcust can cnsume 2g f plants per day，affecting crps and grasslands.A grup typically hlds 20 t 150 millin lcusts per square kilmeter and can mve hundreds f kilmeters per day，invading areas cvering millins f square kilmeters.An active grup，therefre，can destry crps and grasslands within a very shrt perid f time.
That glbal warming culd increase the risk f the desert lcust crisis was prpsed ver ten years ag，and in February，the UN SecretaryGeneral Antóni Guterres stated that the current utbreak is linked t the effects f climate change—warmer seas mean mre cyclnes(旋风) generating the perfect breeding grund fr lcusts.The utbreak has its rigins in 2018，when a series f cyclnes in the Arabian Peninsula(阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet cnditins the desert lcust requires fr breeding in remte regins.Thugh ur fcus here is migratin west，dreadful utbreaks f the desert lcust have been experienced t the east.
The situatin is ging ut f cntrl.A rescue peratin and financial supprt need n delay.
The Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) has put an immediate price tag f US $138 millin fr rapid respnse and immediate actin—cntrlling the spread f the desert lcust and safeguarding livelihds.They say the maths is clear：abut half the funding is needed fr supervisin，grund and sky cntrl，and uniting effrts；the ther half is needed fr livelihds and fd security f farmers.They have called n the internatinal cmmunity t act nw thrugh funding.Hwever，by the end f February，just US $69 millin had been prmised.
This mst alarming crisis has develped and is wrsening in East Africa.The funds needed t cntrl the situatin becme very difficult t achieve and the gap is a big cncern.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况及蝗灾的其他相关情况。
5．Why des the crisis happen in East Africa?
A．There is a big ppulatin there.
B．There are large deserts and grasslands.
C．Africa lies t west f the Arabian Peninsula.
D．Climate gd fr breeding plays a rle.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Climate events have accelerated the breeding f the pest acrss the regin，and with a sudden rise in the lcust ppulatin expected in cming weeks”及第三段中的“the UN SecretaryGeneral Antóni Guterres stated that the current utbreak is linked t the effects f climate change—warmer seas mean mre cyclnes(旋风)generating the perfect breeding grund fr lcusts”可知，有利于蝗虫繁殖的气候发挥了作用。故选D。]
6．Why des the writer list thse figures in Para.2?
A．T warn f the terrible damage caused by lcusts.
B．T help us understand hw lcusts live.
C．T shw hw many lcusts there are nw.
D．T draw a picture f present Africa.
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中列举的数据可以看出，东非蝗灾影响的国家多、人数多及蝗灾的危害大。由此可推知，作者列举那些数据的目的是告知蝗虫造成的严重破坏。故选A。]
7．What can we knw frm the text?
A．The crisis is nt nticed until recently.
B．Mre mney is needed t prevent the crisis.
C．The crisis has been the fcus f the wrld.
D．Lcusts are all frm the Arabian Peninsula.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) has put an immediate price tag f US $138 millin” “Hwever，by the end f February，just US $69 millin had been prmised”并结合最后一段的内容可知，抗击蝗灾需要很多资金，然而，资金缺口却非常大。故选B。]
8．Which is the best title fr the text?
A．Killing lcusts befre t late
B．Glbal warming，a wrld prblem
C．The funding gap fr the lcust crisis
D．Africa，a crisisstricken place
C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况以及导致蝗灾爆发的因素和其带来的严重后果。故C项最适合作本文标题。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)Peple have always wanted t knw what the future will lk like.Then，hw can we? __1__The wrld has changed a lt in the last 150 years，but we humans are driven by the same basic needs as we were 150 years ag，such as fd，sleep，the feeling f being appreciated and additin，generally speaking，the inventins fr the last 150 years have been a human effrt fr freedm and cmmunicatin，t be able t get in cntrl f the time and wrld.Since there is still much t d in this area，this will be the fcus at least fr the next 150 years.
But why d we need t predict the future? Predicting the future is imprtant fr tw reasns: First，we need t start t think abut what kind f future we wuld like fr urselves and t pass n t the next generatin.__3__
Hw abut the virtual wrlds? It might be in the future t experience the sand between yur tes，and hear the waves，just lying in yur bed at hme.__4__ S，even if a great inventin is there fr an affrdable price，it'll never take the place f the cmmn experience if it is nt real.
__5__What we'll see in the next 50 years is the transitin(过渡)frm an ildependent sciety t a new sciety.Here there'll be new medicine，cntinued explratin f space，challenges in the climate change，and new inventins that make life a little easier.
A．Will this change in the next 150 years?
B．S what will the future lk like then?
C．Predicting the future can help us in many ways.
D．Well，t understand the future，yu must knw the past.
E．Hwever，yu'll never get the feeling f being there.
F．Hwever，n matter hw real the experience will feel，it desn't happen fr real.
G．Then we need t knw what decisins we need t make tday that will give the best result in the future.
【语篇解读】 人们总想知道未来会是什么样子的，其实要想展望未来，必须了解过去。不管世界如何变化，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉等不会改变，未来的虚拟世界也不会代替真实的世界。但是可以预知，未来五十年里，世界将从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会，人们的生活会更好。
1．D [根据空处下文可知，在过去的150年里，世界发生了巨大的变化；结合空前一句可推知，空处承上启下，说明我们想要展望未来，就要了解过去，故D项符合语境。]
2．A [根据空前一句可知，在过去的150年里，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉没有变化，结合空后的“N”可知，空处应是一个疑问句，并与空前一句讲人的基本需求相呼应，故A项与此处匹配。]
3．G [根据该段第二句可知，该段主要讲的是预知未来的两个原因，空前一句讲的是第一个原因，即需要思考自己想要的并传递给下一代的未来是什么样的；据此可知，空处陈述第二个原因，即需要知道做出怎样的决定才能给未来带来最好的结果，故G项正确。其中G项中的“Then we need t”与空前一句中的“First，we need t”相呼应。]
4．F [根据空后一句可知，即使一项重大发明的价格我们可以承受，但是虚拟体验绝不会代替真实体验，结合空处上文可推知，F项符合语境，衔接上下文。]
5．B [根据空处下文可知，该段介绍了对未来五十年的展望：从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会；未来的生活更好。故B项与此处匹配。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)Chinese fds, with a lng histry，1.________ (be) knwn fr their special taste and exquisiteness(精致). Here are several traditinal Chinese fds.
Ndles are a symbl f lng life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part as 2.________ birthday cake with its candles 3.________ (light) in western cuntries. Since ndles mean lng life, it is cnsidered very 4.________ (lucky) t cut them ff.
In China, a whle fish 5.________ (symbl) wealth. At a party, it is a traditin t serve the whle fish. The fish als has a special meaning because the Chinese wrd fr the fish yu sunds like the wrd fr wealth. S 6.________ is believed that eating fish will help yur wishes cme true in the year t cme.
Anther ppular dish is zngzi, 7.________ is served during the Dragn Bat Festival. This tasty dish 8.________ (make) f sticky rice with meat, peanuts r ther delicius fd in bamb 9.________ (leaf). The traditin f eating zngzi is meant t remind us 10.________ a great Chinese pet，Qu Yuan.
【语篇解读】 该文简单介绍了三种中国传统食物——面条、整鱼和粽子。
1．are [考查时态和主谓一致。“with a lng histry”前后都有逗号，可以理解为插入语，不影响句子的主体结构，该句的主语是“Chinese fds”，且此处是客观性的描述，故谓语用复数形式，时态用一般现在时，所以填are。]
2．a [考查冠词。cake是可数名词，第一次在文中出现，而且没有用复数形式，又根据语境可知，此处应用不定冠词修饰；又因为birthday的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。]
3．lit/lighted [考查with复合结构。此处为“with＋名词/代词＋分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词”结构，在句子中作状语。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处和“its candles”存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用light的过去分词形式lit或lighted。]
4．unlucky [考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“因为面条意味着长寿，所以将它们切断被认为是非常不吉利的”，所以填形容词unlucky。]
5．symblizes [考查词形转换。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，和句子的主语“a whle fish”构成主谓关系，且此处表示一种客观情况，故用一般现在时的单数形式，所以填symblizes。]
6．it [考查固定用法。it is believed that...“据信”是固定用法，it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，所以此处应填代词it。]
7．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰表示物的先行词zngzi，引导词在从句中作主语，所以填which。]
8．is made [考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示“由……构成”，应用be made f...表示，又句子的主语为“This tasty dish”，且此处是客观性的描述，故应用一般现在时的单数形式，所以填is made。]
9．leaves [考查名词的单复数。leaf是可数名词，没有被冠词修饰，且此处表示“竹叶”，表示复数概念，故用其复数形式，所以填leaves。]
10．f [考查介词。remind sb.f sb.“使某人想起某人”是固定用法，所以此处填介词f。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·湖北八校第一次联考)As it is knwn t all，the Great Wall is the mst famus places f interest in China.Everybdy wants t g there，but I am n exceptin.Then，this summer vacatin，the day I have been lking frward t cming at last.I gt up very early that day and set ff with my brther Tim fllwed behind.After tw hurs' bus ride，we arrived at which lked like the large market，where there were millins f peple talking，pushing and phtgraphing.Lking at that，my enthusiasm immediate disappeared.Indeed，the Great Wall is really smething must be experienced with a little ease and privacy.
[答案]
As eq \(it,＼) is knwn t all，the Great Wall is the mst famus eq \f(places,place) f interest in China.Everybdy wants t g there，eq \f(but,and) I am n exceptin.Then，this summer vacatin，the day I eq \f(have,had) been lking frward t eq \f(cming,came) at last.I gt up very early that day and set ff with my brther Tim eq \f(fllwed,fllwing) behind.After tw hurs' bus ride，we arrived at eq \f(which,what) lked like eq \f(the,a) large market，where there were millins f peple talking，pushing and phtgraphing.Lking at that，my enthusiasm eq \f(immediate,immediately) disappeared.Indeed，the Great Wall is really smething eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(that)) must be experienced with a little ease and privacy.
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