2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（含答案）

这是一份2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（含答案），共15页。试卷主要包含了12， Remte Learning， eBks， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2019.12
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Innvatins that will change the classrm
American schls are ging high - tech. Many symbls we still assciate with classrms and learning, like chalkbards, pens, ntebks - even classrms (21) _______ --- are quickly becming utdated.
As this week marks The Huffingtn Pst’s 10th anniversary, we’ll take a lk at sme prducts that (22) _______ (intrduce) t classrm in the past decade and have the ptential t change the educatinal landscape in the years (23) _______ (cme).
1. Remte Learning
Sme schls are cutting dwn n snw days, thanks t technlgy. Rather than giving kids the day ff (24) _______ weather cnditins are t dangerus fr cmmuting, these schls are asking students t fllw classrm lessns nline.
Althugh kids (25) _______ (hpe) fr a snw day may nt particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, nline lessns allw these kids t cmplete their cursewrk and still interact with peers. Sme students with medical cnditins (26) _______ “g” t schl via vide cnferencing r even with the help f rbts enabled with vide chat that they can cntrl remtely.
2. eBks
Discvery Educatin has been replacing traditinal textbks with riginal “techbks” fr six years. These “techbks” can als be switched t Spanish r French, Kinney said, (27) _______ allws sme parents wh dn’t speak English t help their kids with their hmewrk.
3. Educatinal Games
In-class gaming ptins have evlved t include mre educatinal ptins. GlassLab creates educatinal games that are nw being used in mre than 6,000 classrms acrss the cuntry. Teachers get real-time updates n students’ prgress as well as suggestins n (28) _______ subjects they need t spend mre time perfecting.
The Internet and ther digital tls have sme drawbacks. They’re ften distracting, (29) _______ mst develpments have exciting implicatins fr the future. Over the last 10 years, technlgical innvatins have made educatin mre interactive, immediate and (30) _______ (persnalize), -- and have shwn us the ptential fr mre accessible and effective classrms.
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Hw d Cigarettes Affect the Bdy?
Cigarettes aren’t gd fr us. But hw exactly d cigarettes harm us? Let’s lk at what happens as their ingredients make their way thrugh ur bdies, and hw we benefit (31) _______ when we finally give up smking.
Inside the airways and lungs, smke increases the (32) _______ f infectins as well as lng - lasting diseases. It des this by damaging the tiny hair - like tissues which keep the airways clean. That’s ne f the reasns smking can lead t xygen lss and (33) _______ f breath.
Within abut 10 secnds, the bldstream carries a stimulant called nictine t the brain, creating the (34) _______ sensatins which make smking highly addictive. Nictine and ther chemicals frm the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness f bld tubes, restricting bld flw. These effects n bld tubes lead t (35) _______ f bld tube walls, increasing the pssibility f heart attacks and strkes.
Many f the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerus (36) _______ in the bdy’s DNA that make cancers frm. In fact, abut ne f every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smking. And it’s nt just lung cancer. Smking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and rgans, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) _______ bnes. It makes it harder fr wmen t get pregnant. And in men, it can cause lng-term damages f bdy functins.
But fr thse wh quit smking, there’s a huge psitive upside with almst (38) _______ and lng-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins t decrease as bld pressure and heart rates (39) _______. Lungs becme healthier after abut ne mnth, with less cughing. After ten years, the chances f develping fatal lung cancer g dwn by 50%, prbably because the bdy’s ability t repair DNA is nce again restred.
There’s n pint pretending this is all easy t achieve. Quitting can lead t anxiety and depressin. But frtunately, such effects are usually (40) _______. Advice and supprt grups and mderate intensity exercise als help smkers stay cigarette - free. That’s gd news, since quitting puts yu and yur bdy n the path back t health.
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Amazn.cm Inc. is checking ut f China’s fiercely cmpetitive dmestic e-cmmerce market. The cmpany tld sellers n Thursday that it wuld n lnger __41__ its third - party nline marketplace r prvide seller services n its Chinese website, Amazn.cn. ___42___,dmestic cmpanies will n lnger be able t sell prducts t Chinese cnsumers n its e-cmmerce platfrm.
The decisin marks an end t a lng ___43___ by America’s e-cmmerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attentin in the early 2000s, nly t ___44___ in the face f cmpetitin frm China’s faster - mving Internet giants.
Amazn has been in talks t ___45___ its e-cmmerce business fr gds imprted int China with a Chinese cmpetitr, NetEase Inc.’s Kala, in a stck - fr - stck transactin（交易）, accrding t a persn familiar with the matter. That wuld remve the Amazn name frm ___46___ e-cmmerce in China. Neither cmpany wuld cnfirm the prgress r details f thse ___47___, nr wuld they say if they are cntinuing.
In a written statement, Amazn said it remained ___48___ t China thrugh its glbal stres, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazn China’s president wuld leave t take n anther rle within the cmpany, the cmpany said. The China cnsumer - business team will reprt ___49___ t the cmpany’s glbal team.
When Amazn first entered China in 2004 with the ___50____ f Jy.cm, it was the largest nline seller fr bks, music and vide there. Mst Chinese cnsumers were using cash - n - delivery as their t frm f ___51___. Tday, Amazn China chiefly caters t custmers lking fr imprted internatinal gds such as csmetics and milk pwder and is a(n) ___52___ player in the bming Chinese e-cmmerce market.
Amazn China cmmanded just 6% f grss market vlume in the niche（细分的）crss - brder e-cmmerce market in the furth quarter f 2018, versus NetEase Kala’s 25% ___53___ and the 32% held by Alibaba Grup Hlding Ltd.’s Tmall Internatinal
Chinese cnsumers are becming mre fascinated with ___54___ brands. In 2011, 85% f Chinese cnsumers said they wuld always buy a freign brand ver a dmestic ne. By 2016, 60% f respndents said they preferred dmestic ver freign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market research’s funder, said American e-cmmerce giants ___55___ bstacles in China because they didn’t ffered the prducts r user experience that cnsumers were lking fr.
41. A. assist B. expand C. perate D. tailr
42. A. As a result B. By cntrast C. Fr example D. In additin
43. A. criticism B. negtiatin C. struggle D. reslutin
44. A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive
45. A. assciate B. cmbine C. exchange D. supply
46. A. time - cnsuming B. lng - suffering C. ever - lasting D. cnsumer - facing
47. A. talks B. businesses C. cmpetitins D. instructins
48. A. related B. accustmed C. expsed D. cmmitted
49. A. autmatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly
50. A. breakdwn B. imprvement C. purchase D. participatin
51. A. refund B. payment C. spnsrshipD. trade
52. A. cmplicated B. critical C. riginal D. insignificant
53. A. share B. budget C. vlume D. maximum
54. A. freign B. luxurius C. dmestic D. fashinable
55. A. dealt with B. frgt abut C. gt thrugh D. came acrss
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. English passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Peple wrry that develpments in Artificial Intelligence, r A.I., will bring abut a pint in histry when A. I. vertakes human intelligence, leading t an unimaginable revlutin in human affairs. Or they wnder whether instead f ur cntrlling artificial intelligence, it will cntrl us.
The situatin may nt arise fr hundreds f years t cme, but this desn’t mean we have nthing t wrry abut. On the cntrary, The A. I. prducts that nw exist are imprving faster than mst peple realize and prmise t fundamentally transfrm ur wrld, nt always fr the better. They are nly tls, nt a cmpeting frm f intelligence. But they will reshape what wrk means and hw wealth is created.
Unlike the Industrial Revlutin and the Cmputer Revlutin, the A. I. revlutin is nt taking certain jbs and replacing them with ther jbs. Instead, it is believed t cause a wide - scale eliminatin f jbs -- mstly lwer - paying jbs, but sme higher - paying nes, t.
This transfrmatin will result in enrmus prfits fr the cmpanies that develp A.I., as well as fr the cmpanies that adpt it. We are thus facing tw develpments that d nt sit easily tgether; enrmus wealth cncentrated in relatively few hands and enrmus numbers f peple ut f wrk. What is t be dne?
Part f the answer will invlve educating r retraining peple in tasks A.I. tls aren’t gd at. Artificial intelligence is prly suited fr jbs invlving creativity, planning and “crss - field” thinking. But these skills are typically required by high - paying jbs that may be hard t retrain displaced wrkers t d. Mre prmising are lwer - paying jbs invlving the “peple skills” that A.I. lacks: scial wrkers, barmen, drmen -- prfessins requiring human interactin. But hw many barmen des a sciety really need?
The slutin t the prblem f mass unemplyment will invlve “service jbs f lve.” These are jbs that A. I. cannt d, that sciety needs and that give peple a sense f purpse. Examples include accmpanying an lder persn t visit a dctr, helping at an rphanage and serving as a spnsr at charity rganizatin. The vlunteer service jbs f tday, in ther wrds, may turn int the real jbs f the future.
Other vlunteer jbs may be higher - paying and prfessinal, such as cmpassinate medial service prviders. In all cases, peple will be able t chse t wrk fewer hurs than they d nw.
56. In what aspect is the A. I. revlutin different frm the Industrial r the Cmputer revlutin?
A. The A.I. revlutin will finally becme ne beynd human’s cntrl.
B. A. I. is believed t lead t a pint in histry when it takes ver human intelligence.
C. Higher - paying jbs will take the place f lwer-paying nes in the A.I. revlutin.
D. It may bring abut mass unemplyment t matter hw much emplyees are paid.
57. The underlined wrd “prmising” in paragraph 5 is clsest in meaning t _______.
A. prmtinal B. demanding C. guaranteed D. ptential
58. What des the authr suggest in the face f the A.I. revlutin?
A. It is sensible t encurage peple t take vlunteer jbs.
B. Peple shuld be instructed t d less demanding jbs.
C. The prblem f jb lss can be slved by creating lwer-paying jbs.
D. Jbs requiring knwledge in different fields are suitable fr displaced wrkers.
59. Which f the fllwing may serve as the best title f the passage?
A. The A.I. Revlutin Creates New Jb Opprtunities.
B. Challenges the A. I. Revlutin Brings t Jb Market.
C. A Duble - edged Swrd: the A.I. Revlutin.
D. Interrelatinship between A.I. and Unemplyment.
(B)
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(C)
Fr several decades, there has been an extensive and rganized campaign intended t generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think tanks（自由主义智囊团）whse interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings f mdern science. In respnse, scientists have tended t stress the success f science. After all, scientists have been right abut mst things, frm the structure f the universe t the relativity f time and space.
Quting successes isn’t wrng, but fr many peple it’s nt persuasive. What is typically declared t be the scientific methd -- develp a suppsitin, then design an experiment t test it -- isn’t what scientists actually d. Science is active s that new methds get invented and ld nes get abandned. The scientific methd desn’t always wrk. False theries can prduce true results, s even if an experiment wrks, it desn’t prve that the thery it was designed t test it true.
If there is n identifiable scientific methd, then what is the guarantee fr trust in science?
The answer is the methds by which thse claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gne thrugh a lng prcess f examinatin by fellw scientists. Until this pint, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: nce the paper is ready, it is presented t a scientific jurnal, where things get a whle lt tugher. Editrs deliberately send scientific papers t peple wh are nt friends r clleagues f the authrs, and the jb f the reviewer is t find errrs r ther inadequacies. We call this prcess “peer review” because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the rle f a superir wh has bth the right and the bligatin t find fault. It is nly after the reviewers and the editr are satisfied that any prblems have been fixed that the paper is accepted fr publicatin and enters the bdy f “science.”
Des this prcess ever g wrng? Of curse. Scientists are human. But if we lk carefully at histrical cases where science went wrng, typically there was n agreement reached by all. Sme peple argue that we shuld nt trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples f truly settled science being verturned are far fewer than is smetimes claimed, they d exist. But the beauty f this scientific prcess is that it explains what might therwise appear paradxical（矛盾的）: that science prduces bth nvelty（新颖性）and stability. New bservatins, ideas, interpretatins intrduce nvelty: trans-frmative questining leads t cllective decisins and the stability f scientific knwledge. Scientists d change their minds in the face f new evidence, but this is a strength f science, nt a weakness.
63. Distrust in science has been fund because _________.
A. scientists’ citing successes isn’t persuasive fr many peple t sme extent
B. mst scientists have tended t lay t much emphasis n the success f science
C. a wide - ranging and rganized campaign has been funded in sme industries and think tanks
D. smene’s benefits and beliefs are endangered by the findings f mdern science
64. Which f the fllwing statements will the authr agree with abut a scientific methd?
A. A scientific methd desn’t necessarily take effect because science is changing.
B. A scientific methd is nt right because it isn’t what scientists actually d.
C. A successful experiment can guarantee the truthfulness f a claim by a scientific methd.
D. True theries can prduce false results because the scientific methd desn’t wrk.
65. What purpse des “peer review” in evaluating a scientific claim mainly serve?
A. The scientific claim can be cmpletely accepted by the reviewers in the same field.
B. The scientific peers can draw right cnclusins by finding its faults r ther inadequacies.
C. The scientific claim can be published and recgnized as true in science.
D. The scientific paper can be successfully submitted t a scientific jurnal.
66. It can be inferred frm the last paragraph that _________.
A. Nt all the claims abut the falsehd f well-established science lead t its being verturned
B. It is inevitable that science smetimes ges wrng because it appears paradxical
C. The beauty f science lies in the paradx f being bth nvel and stable
D. Science is nt trustful because scientists always change their minds.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Is Multitasking Always Gd?
Nt nly d smart-phnes prvide unrestricted access t infrmatin, they prvide perfect pprtunities t multitask. Any activity can be accmpanied by music, selfies r scial media updates. Of curse, sme peple pick pr times t tweet r text, and lawmakers have steeped in. __67__ In Hnlulu, it’s illegal t text r even lk at yur phne while crssing the street, and in the Netherlands they’ve banned texting while biking.
__68__ Yu need t self-regulate. Understanding hw the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking s appealing will help yu realize the danger r pulling ut yur phne.
Multitasking feels like ding tw things at the same time, s it seems the danger lies in asking ne mental prcess t d tw unrelated things -- fr texting drivers, watching the screen and the rad.
Twenty states have instituted bans n driving using a hand - held phne while still allwing hands - free calls. Yet hands - free r hand - held makes n difference. __69__ The real prblem is the switch f attentin between the cnversatin and rad, and that affects perfrmance.
Please sense this, and when n the phne they drive slwer and increase their fllwing distance, but they are far t cnfident that these measures reduce risks. This vercnfidence extends t ther activities. A 2015 survey shwed that a majrity f students wh use scial media, text r watch TV while studying think that they can still cmprehend the material they’re studying.
Peple dn’t multitask merely because they see n harm in it; they see benefits. ___70___ Mst peple will still chse t multitask. But they shuld, at the very least , be fully aware f hw that chice affects them and the ptential cnsequences fr themselves and thers. They need t pay attentin t hw much -- r hw little -- they are paying attentin.
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
71. The Zeigarnik Effect
Have yu ever fund yurself thinking abut a partially finished prject fr schl r wrk when yu were trying t fcus n ther things? Or perhaps yu wndered what wuld happen next in yur favrite TV shw r film series. If yu have, yu’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. Yu tend t remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knwledge f the Zeigarnik effect can be put int use in everyday life.
The effect is especially well suited fr helping vercme prcrastinatin r delaying an actin t a later time. We ften put ff big tasks that seem verwhelming. Hwever, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key t vercming prcrastinatin is t just get started. The first step culd be smething small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s prbably best if it’s smething fairly easy.
The Zeigarnik effect can be useful fr students wh are studying fr an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study perids can actually imprve recall. S instead f cramming fr an exam all in ne sitting, breaks shuld be scheduled in which the student fcuses n smething else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thughts, enabling students t rehearse and cnslidate the infrmatin that must be remembered, leading t better recall when they take the exam.
The Zeigarnik effect als pints t reasns why peple may experience mental health prblems. If an individual leaves imprtant tasks incmplete, the intrusive thughts that result can lead t stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emtinal distress. Cnversely, cmpleting a task can give an individual a sense f accmplishment and lead t a feeling f clsure that can imprve psychlgical well - being.
The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used t psitively impact yur wrk prductivity.
Ⅴ. Translatin
Directins: Translatin the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。(cnvince)
73. 如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。(srt)
74. 这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。(feature)
75. 正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”一成为都市新风尚。(It)
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
手机给现代人的生活带来了很多便利，甚至改变了人们的日常生活方式。人们常常会在手机上下载一些常用的应用程序(app)。你平时使用较多的是哪一类应用程序呢？请你向同学们推荐一款应用程序，并阐述理由。
参考答案
语法部分：
21. themselves 22. have been intrduced 23. t cme 24. when / if
25. hping 26. can 27. which 28. what 29. But 30. persnalized
词汇部分：
31. G 32. C 33. I 34. A 35. E 36. B 37. K 38. F 39. J 40. H
完型填空：
41 - 45 CACBB 46 - 50 DADBC 51 - 55 BDACD
阅读理解：
56 - 59 DDAB 60 - 62 CBC 63 - 66 DACA
选句填空：
67 - 70 CAEB
概要写作：
71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency t remember incmplete tasks better than cmplete nes, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep peple frm putting ff things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encurages breaks in students’ study, thus imprving recall in exams. Thirdly, it prmtes mental health by prviding the mtivatin needed t finish tasks.
翻译部分：
72. 导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。（cnvince）
The tur guide cnvinced the turists that many / quite a few Eurpean twns / twns in Eurpe were really / definitely / indeed / well wrth seeing / visiting / a visit.
73. 如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。(srt)
If yu dn’t knw hw t srt the husehld wastes / trash / rubbish, yu’d better/ might as well cnsult / refer t / make inquiries / inquire abut them n a relevant website. (If yu dn’t knw: yu’d better / might as well)
74. 这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。(feature)
The / This newly - released mvie features hw the tiniest incidents in ur life can have an impact / effect n what ur life will be like / the curse f ur life.
75. 正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。(It)
It is because a large number f fitness / jgging / hiking trails have been but use that mre and mre Shanghai citizens get / becme engaged in / take (up) / d / take part in regular utdr exercise / regular exercise utdrs and 10,000 steps a day has becme a new urban trend / fashin.
A. pleasurable B. alteratin C. likelihd D. frtunately E. thickening
F. immediate G. physically H. temprary I. shrtness J. nrmalize
K. weakened
A. But legislatin（法律）wn’t ban all situatins in which multitasking is unwise.
B. They multitask fr efficiency, t fight bredm r t keep up with scial media.
C. Frty - eight states have banned texting while driving.
D. Hwever, texting while biking seems s undemanding as t be harmless.
E. They damage driving equivalently as far as external dangers g.
F. Instead f multitasking, they take mre rest breaks and get a scial media fix during a break.