福建省福州市福州一中2022届高三上学期第一学段半期考试卷英语含答案

这是一份福建省福州市福州一中2022届高三上学期第一学段半期考试卷英语含答案，共13页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（完卷120分钟 满分150分）
2021-11-10
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9:18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Hbbies. B. Sprts. C. Arts.
2. Why des the man ask fr leave?
A. He is seriusly ill.
B. He likes t rest at hme.
C. He has t lk after his mther.
3. Why des the wman invite the man t dinner?
A. T express her thanks.
В. T celebrate her success.
T ask fr advice n sales.
4. When will the bks be delivered?
A. April 19. B. April 20. C. April 23.
5. What des Billy decide t d?
A. Hear Lisa sing. B. Sing with Lisa. C. Sing himself.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the Ferry Theater?
A. In the Twn Hall. B. On Lndn Rad. C. On Dublin Street.
7. Hw will the wman prbably get t the Mdern Art Gallery?
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. On ft.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What kind f music des the man like best?
A. Cuntry music. B. Rck music. C. Jazz music.
9. Hw much des a used CD cst at mst?
A. $10. B. $15. C.$ 20.
10. What instrument will the man learn t play?
A. The pian. B. The guitar. C. The vilin.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Living expenses.
B. Emergency cases.
C. Mney management.
12. What is the prblem with the wman?
A. Spending freely.
B. Nt wrking hard.
C. Ignring entertainment.
13. What advice des the man give t the wman?
A. T save up fr urgent need.
B. T enjy her life.
C. T wrk fr a better chance.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Hst and audience. C. Teacher and student.
15. What is the man's suggestin fr the wman?
A. Taking ntes. B. Recrding the lectures. C. Listening attentively.
16. What des the wman need t d fr extra credits?
A. Cmplete extra assignments.
B. Pass tw mre tests.
C. Change her curses.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did Fauja mve t England?
A. When he was five years ld.
B. Befre he gt married.
C. After his wife died.
18. Why did Fauja start t run?
A. T build up his bdy.
B. T frget his srrws.
C. T take part in the marathn.
19. Where did Fauja run his first marathn?
A. In Canada. B. In India. C. In England.
20. Which f the fllwing best describes Fauja?
A. Creative. B. Determined. C. Cnsiderate.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分42.5分）
第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Standing in my ffice 25 years ag was an unknwn yung astrnmer with a half-smile n her face. She had cme with an impssible request that my team mdify (修改) ur thrughly tested sftware t make ne f ur mst imprtant scientific instruments d smething it had never been designed fr, and risk breaking it. All t carry ut an experiment that was basically a waste f time and culdn’t be dne---t prve that a massive black hle lay at the center f ur Milky Way.
My initial “n way” gradually gave way in the face f her cheerful but firm determinatin. Andrea Ghez, ne f three winners f this year’s Nbel Prize in Physics, impressed me with her wrk n prviding slid evidence f a supermassive black hle with the mass f fur millin suns living at the center f the Milky Way galaxy.
That determinatin and the willingness t take calculated risks has always characterized Andrea. Fr 25 years she has fcused almst cmpletely n Sagittarius (人马座) A *—the name f ur wn lcal supermassive black hle. It is remarkable that an entire field f study has grwn up in the quarter century, f searching fr and finding evidence f these mnsters thught t lie at the heart f every large galaxy.
Andrea did her wrk at the W. M. Keck Observatry’s twin telescpes n Maunakea, Hawaii, in the calm and clear air almst 14000 feet abve the Pacific Ocean. She started using the very first instrument fixed n Keck Observatry’s Near Infrared Camera (NIRC), nw gracing the lbby at ur headquarters.
Andrea is fnd f pinting ut that ne f the reasns fr her success has been this tight and rapid lp (循环) between the needs f the astrnmers and the engineers wh respnd t the challenge.
This is my friend and lngtime clleague, the ne wh refused t take “n” fr an answer: Andrea Ghez, winner f the 2020 Nbel Prize in Physics.
Which wrds best describe Andrea Ghez?
Determined and creative. B. Cnfident and adaptable.
C. Brave and kind. D. Cperative and generus.
22. Why did the authr gradually change the attitude f Andrea?
A. Because f Andrea’s determinatin.
B. Because f Andrea’s final success.
C. Because Andrea prvided an experimental evidence.
D. Because Andrea mdified their tested sftware.
23. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The Nble Prize fr physics. B. Friendship between clleagues.
C. Hw Andrea wn the Nbel. D. What makes Andrea different.
24. Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A. A science research paper. B. A science feature stry
C. A science fictin. D. A science reprt.
B
It’s pssible that yur phne’s face-unlck might finally be able t wrk while yu’re wearing a mask. Researchers have fund that facial recgnitin algrithms (算法) are getting better at recgnizing faces in masks, accrding t data published n Tuesday by the Natinal Institute fr Standards and Technlgy (NIST). Using independent testing f mre than 150 separate facial recgnitin algrithms, the news reprt suggests masks may nt be as big a prblem fr facial recgnitin systems as initially thught.
When NIST first examined masks’ effect n facial recgnitin in July 2020, it fund that algrithms weren’t great at identifying faces with masks. “Face recgnitin can make errrs, which can implicate peple fr crimes they haven’t cmmitted,” writes the Electrnic Frntier Fundatin (EFF). “It is particularly bad at recgnizing African Americans and ther ethnic minrities, wmen, and yung peple.” But the pandemic has given develpers plenty f time t fcus n the mask prblem, and NIST’s data shws that facial recgnitin algrithms are getting better at wrking with masked faces. “After the pandemic, sme develpers have submitted algrithms which shw significantly imprved accuracy and are nw amng the mst accurate in ur test,” the reprt reads. NIST’s public ranking fr facial recgnitin tests bears ut this reprt. Eight different algrithms nw hld false rates belw 0.05 percent.
Nevertheless, there remain a number f limitatins t the study. NIST researchers did nt emply actual images f masked faces. Instead, they applied masks digitally t ensure cnsistency acrss the sample. As a result, “We were nt able t get a thrugh simulatin f the endless variatins in clr, design, shape, texture, and ways masks can be wrn,” the reprt states. The digital mask was a blue surgical mask cvering the full width f the face, but testers nted that perfrmance varied cnsiderably depending n hw high the mask was placed n the face.
What did peple use t think f recgnizing masked faces with facial recgnitin systems?
A. effective B. impssibleC. easy D. unreliable
26. What des the underlined phrase “bear ut” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. make. B. prve. C. deny. D. ppse.
27. What can be learned abut the study?
A. The way t wear masks may affect recgnitin accuracy.
B. The design f a mask makes n difference t facial recgnitin.
C. Facial recgnitin failure rates were quite lw at the beginning.
D. The researchers adpted real surgical masks t ensure the accuracy.
28.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Limitatins f Facial Recgnitin Sftware
B. The Challenge f Recgnizing Masked Faces
C. The imprvement in Facial Recgnitin Algrithms
D. Different Applicatins f Facial Recgnitin Technlgy
C
Psychlgists have fund that ne f the best ways t make an imprtant decisin, such as chsing a university r a business investment, invlves the use f a decisin wrksheet. They cmpare the actual decisins made by peple t theretical ideal decisins t see hw similar they are. Supprters f the wrksheet prcedure believe that it will help peple make ptimal, that is, the best decisins. Wrksheets require defining the prblem in a clear way and then listing all pssible slutins t the prblem. Next, the related cnsideratins that will be affected by each decisin are listed, and the relative imprtance f each cnsideratin r cnsequence is determined. Each cnsideratin is assigned a numerical value t reflect its relative imprtance. A decisin is mathematically calculated by adding these values tgether. The alternative with the highest number f pints cmes ut as the best decisin.
Since mst imprtant prblems are many-sided, there are several alternatives t chse frm, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One f the benefits f a pencil and paper decisin-making prcedure is that it permits peple t deal with mre variables (可变因素) than their minds can generally cmprehend and remember. On the average, peple can keep abut seven ideas in their minds at a time. A wrksheet can be especially useful when the decisin invlves a large number f variables with cmplex relatinships. A realistic example fr many cllege students is the questin “What will I d after graduatin?” A graduate might seek a psitin that ffers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, r travel abrad fr a year. A decisin-making wrksheet begins with a clear statement f the prblem that will als help t narrw it. It is imprtant t be clear abut the distinctin between lng-range and immediate gals because lng-range gals ften invlve a different decisin than shrt-range nes. Fcusing n lng-range gals, a graduating student might change the questin abve t “What will I d after graduatin that will lead t successful career?”
29. Of the fllwing steps, which ccurs befre the three ther steps in making a decisin wrksheet?
A. Listing the cnsequences f each slutin.
B. Calculating a numerical summary f each slutin.
C. Deciding which cnsequences are mst imprtant.
D. Writing dwn all pssible slutins.
30. Accrding t decisin-making wrksheet thery, what is an ptimal decisin defined?
A. It has the fewest variables t cnsider.
B. It uses the mst decisin wrksheets.
C. It has the mst pints assigned.
D. It is agreed t by the greatest number f peple.
31. Hw des the authr develp the discussin in Para. 1 ?
A. By describing a prcess.
B. By classifying types f wrksheets.
C. By prviding histrical backgrund.
D. By explaining a thery.
32. What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. Mst decisins invlve seven steps.
B. Human mental capacity has limitatins.
C. Sme peple have difficulty making minr as well as majr decisins.
D. Peple can keep mre than seven ideas in their minds with practice.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tday it is cmmn t see peple wh walk abut with clred wires hanging frm their ears wherever they g. They mve abut in their persnal bubbles, smetimes unaware f what's happening arund them. 33 Outside life is shut ut. S are yu ne f "them"?
Fr me, walking arund in my wn persnal bubble is perfect. 34 What's even better, wearing earphnes seems t give a signal t peple which says: "I'm nt available fr chatting at the mment."
Suppse yu're at wrk and abut t make an incredible breakthrugh, but a clleague suddenly turns up. At this precise mment, the slightest disturbance wuld break yur cncentratin. 35 Once again, thse wires hanging frm yur ears wuld be sure t give that "G away!" signal.
36 It's prbably part f the grwing up stage when they just want t ignre their whle family. While their mthers give them lectures abut why they shuld d their hmewrk, they can just turn up the vlume n their MP3 player, smile, and say "Yes, Mum." Prblem slved.
Pretty sn, nt nly will we have pretty clred wires hanging frm ur ears, but als ur brains will be directly plugged int sme new high-tech instruments. We'll be in a virtual wrld, cmmunicating with everyne else, r chsing nt t, as we like. In this wrld, we will all be permanently plugged in. 37 And they are changing ur scial habits alng the way.
In the end, there is a thin line between using technlgy as a tl fr making life better and being a slave t it! It's s strange— suddenly, I dn't feel like wearing my earphnes any mre.
A. Our instruments are changing quickly.
B. I als have wires hanging frm my ears.
C. In the hme situatin, teenagers lve these wires.
D. I dn't have t deal with the nise frm the envirnment.
E. After all, I am listening t my favurite music and wuld rather nt be disturbed.
F. Listening t music thrugh earphnes is the perfect way t ignre such interruptins.
G. They walk arund in their wn spaces, with their persnal "digital nise reductin systems."
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Expect the unexpected
“Nthing is ever easy! " A cuple f days ag, my grandfather was explaining his favrite expressin. The fllwing day, as I cmpleted my wrk, I 38 a bee n the skylight. Thugh the skylight was particularly high, I thught 39 the bee wuld take nly five minutes. An hur later, the bee still remained. What had changed was that the rm was messy and that I was 40 frm lking up int the sunlight. I didn't expect t waste an hur n such a tiny insect, but by ding s, I understd what my grandfather meant.
It is nt nly time we tend t underestimate— we dn't accunt fr unexpected csts. We ften imagine what wrk in ur 41 , but seldm cnsider negative things that culd 42 us. Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that things might nt g as 43 , which is nrmal. It is 44 acceptable t feel challenged — even a simple task, because that is part f life.
If yu accept that, life might seem mre 45 . In middle schl, I thught high schl might be easier because I culd chse the 46 I wanted t take. In high schl, I thught cllege might be easier because I wuld have a 47 suited fr myself. Yet each time, I was wrng and 48 . After accepting schl wuldn't be easy, I fund myself with a mre 49 attitude.
Certainly, there shuld be preparatins t take csts and time int cnsideratin. It can help yu 50 yur gals in a better way. Hwever there is n 51 t blame urselves when smething stands in ur path. Maybe we cannt see a bee cming ur way, but we can give urselves the 52 time t catch it.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 1918 Spanish flu was the mst deadly utbreak in histry. It was caused by an H1N1 virus fund in genes f birds’ rigin. Althugh there is n ____53____(universe) agreement regarding ____54_____ the virus actually riginated, it was first identified in the army in the United States.
It ____55_____(estimate) that abut 500 millin peple r ne-third f the wrld's ppulatin f that time became infected with this virus. The number f ____56____(death) was reprted t be at least 50 millin wrldwide with abut 675,000 _____57____(ccur) in the United States. The death rate was high in peple yunger than 5 years ld, 20-40 years ld, and 65 years and ____58____ (ld). The high death rate in healthy peple, including ___59____ in the 20-t 40-year-ld age grup, was ___60____ unique feature f this disease.
____61____ n vaccine t prtect against influenza infectin and n medicine t treat secndary bacteria infectins, cntrl effrts wrldwide were limited t nn-medical methds, like separatin, quarantine, gd persnal hygiene, and ban n public gatherings, which were applied in ____62____ (heavy) infected areas.
单句填空 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
63. With s many messages frm advertisers ________(充满) ur daily lives, it is imprtant t understand hw advertisements wrk.
64. It is imprtant that we educate urselves t avid __________(fl) when purchasing prducts.
65. Having identified the target grup, researchers find ut hw the prduct wuld _______ int（适合）their lives.
66. He said that sme cigarette ads were nt aimed at mature audience but instead ________(target) at children.
67. Hwever, it wuld be n use ___________(做广告) prducts n radi if the ad relies n visual effects.
第五部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华, 你校将举办外国学生用中文讲故事比赛, 请代学生会用英文拟一份书面通
知。内容包括：
比赛意义、时间和地点
故事主题及时长
3. 报名方式
注意：
写作词数应为80左右;
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
The Students’ Unin
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Devi lked thrugh the bservatin windw at the kids belw, all waiting in line t get int the pl. She turned t her mther with a furius frwn n her face. “Mm, they’re all little kids! I’m 15 already! This is ridiculus!”
“I knw, Devi,” replied her mther, “but yu’re a beginner, t, and yu have t start smewhere!”
Devi had never been t a swimming lessn in her life. Between schlwrk and helping n her grandfather’s farm, she hadn’t had time fr lessns. The clsest swimming pl Devi had been t was the alligatr(鳄鱼) pl her mther bught her when she was five. Nw that Devi was lder, her mther had fund a new jb in the city, and Devi faced a new challenge—schl field trips t the lcal pl.
The first day that Devi went with her class t the pl, she had n idea what she was in fr. What culd be s difficult abut swimming? Devi cnfidently slipped int the water and held nt the side f the pl, expecting t be able t tuch the bttm with her feet. But when Devi let g f the side f the pl, she slipped under the water—the whle pl was ne big deep end! Devi threw her arm tward the side f the pl and grabbed the ledge (池壁), ut f breath. “I really can’t swim! Everyne’s ging t laugh at me!” she thught t herself in a panic.
On the next field trip t the pl, Devi sat n the side n a bench, paralyzed with fear. She huddled with a twel ver her shulders, t embarrassed t try again. When she came hme, her mther nticed right away that Devi was upset. “Hney, I’ve signed yu up fr Angela’s swimming lessns at the lcal pl. Sn yu’ll learn hw t swim just like everyne else,” she assured Devi, shwing phts f Angela with her prize-winning students.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Then came the time fr Devi t take her first lessn. _________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Sn Angela came ver t where Devi sat and intrduced herself. _______________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________38. A. felt
B.saved
C. sptted
D. searched
39. A. mving
B. remving
C. keeping
D. prtecting
40. A. dizzy
B. sick
C. afraid
D. pleased
41. A. life
B. turn
C. mind
D. favr
42. A. affect
B. inspire
C. entertain
D. cheat
43. A. knwn
B. planned
C. cnfirmed
D. mentined
44. A. rarely
B. ccasinally
C. perfectly
D. slightly
45. A. reasnable
B. manageable
C. unbearable
D. changeable
46. A. measures
B. bks
C. ntes
D. classes
47. A. schedule
B. dream
C. experience
D. career
48. A. delighted
B. amazed
C disappinted
D. frightened
49. A. bjective
B. cnservative
C. selfish
D. psitive
50. A. share
B. set
C. evaluate
D. accmplish
51. A. pssibility
B. imprtance
C. need
D. way
52. A. limited
B. extra
C. equal
D. precius