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高考英语专项练习(三):语法填空(8篇)
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这是一份高考英语专项练习(三):语法填空(8篇),共12页。
语法填空专练(三)一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ① (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ② some of them looked very anxious and ③ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ④ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ⑤ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ⑥(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ⑦ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“⑧ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It's ⑨ (I). ” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers ⑩ (sudden) became friendly to one another.二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How are you getting along with your senior high school? It may be hard for you as this is the first time that you ①__________(leave) your parents. I know that you are now having trouble ②__________(communicate) with others, and you may often feel lonely. That’s ③__________ you are new here and people don’t know about you. But I think you can overcome the difficulty if you can follow the advice below. First, you should attach great ④__________(important) to taking an active part in the discussions and show your own opinions about the matters, and at the same time, learn to listen to other people’s views ⑤__________(careful). Second, you should learn about your classmates’ likes and dislikes, ⑥__________ can make you get familiar with them. Only in this way can you get to know more ⑦__________(difference) people and show them that you are just as friendly. Last but not least, I’m always here ready to help. We can take part in some ⑧__________(activity) together and I can introduce you to others. There’s no need ⑨__________(worry) too much, people will know you more very soon and will like to make friends ⑩__________ you if you can do as the above. Just remember, “God helps those who help themselves”.三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 He met his wife at a party. At that time she was so outstanding while he was so normal .At the end of the party, he invited her to have coffee ①__________him. She was surprised but in order to be polite, she agreed. He was too nervous ②__________ (say) anything . As a result, she felt so ③__________ (comfortable) that she wanted to go home . Suddenly he asked the waiter, “Would you please give me some salt? I’d like to put ④__________ in my coffee.” Everybody stared at him. It was so strange! His face turned red, yet still he put the salt in his coffee and ⑤__________(drink) it . She asked him curiously, “ Why do you have this hobby?” He replied, “When I was a little boy, I lived near the sea. I liked playing in the sea, and I could feel the taste of the sea, just like the taste of the ⑥__________(salt) coffee.” She was deeply touched because she thought a man ⑦__________could tell out his homesickness must be a man who loves his family. After 40 years, he passed away, ⑧__________(leave) her a letter which said, “My dearest, please forgive me, forgive my whole life lie. That was ⑨__________only lie I said to you ---the coffee with salt. Remember the first time we dated? I was so nervous at that time. Actually I wanted some sugar, ⑩__________I said salt.”四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The origin of the Chinese Lantern Festival There are many different beliefs regarding the origin of the Lantern Festival. But one thing for sure is that it has something to do with religious worship. One legend tells us that it was a time ①___________(worship) Taiyi, the God of Heaven in ancient times. The belief was that the God of Heaven ②___________ (complete) controlled the destiny of the human world. He had sixteen ③___________ ( dragon) at his disposal and he decided when to inflict (使遭受) drought, storms, or famine upon human beings. ④___________ (begin) with Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China, all subsequent emperors ⑤___________ (order) splendid ceremonies every year. The emperor would ask Taiyi to bring ⑥___________ (favor) weather and good health to him and his people. Wudi of the Han Dynasty directed special attention ⑦___________ this event. In 104 BC, he declared it to he one of the most ⑧___________ (importance) celebrations and the ceremony would last throughout the entire night. Another legend associates ⑨___________ Lantern Festival with Taoism. Tianguan is the Taoist god responsible for good fortune. His birthday falls on the 15th day of the ⑩___________ (one) lunar month. It is said that he likes all types of entertainment. So followers prepare various kinds of activities during which they pray for good fortune.五、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Would you like to explore(勘探) the oceans? Do you want to find ①____________ life than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was "yes". His career was a lifelong dream, and he has been ②____________ (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times. Cousteau was boom in France in 1910. Even ③____________ a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright, ④____________ he got bored with school and began to cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally ⑤____________ (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he served as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. worked ⑥____________ a breathing machine to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943. In 1948,Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the oceans. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship ⑦____________ (help) with his dives. But he ⑧____________ (need) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of hooks. His films include The Silent World(1956) and World Without Sun (1966). One of his books is The Living Sea (1963). In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society, ⑨____________ function was to further oceanic research arid encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them. Cousteau won many honors for his work, ⑩____________ (include) the Presidential Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989.六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Which is the most significant classical Chinese painting? According to Paul Denlinger, ①__________visited China many times when young, it should be Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This ② __________(create) dates back to the Northern Song Dynasty. This painting is important ③__________several reasons. First, up until this time, almost all Chinese paintings were landscapes, ④__________(contain) no or only a few images of people. Second, this is the first scroll(卷轴) painting ⑤__________(describe) both Chinese urban and suburban life during the period in the capital, Bianjing. Third, the painting is ⑥__________(high) detailed and features shops of all kinds and different economic activities in and out of the city. People are able to see the Chinese technology of the time, which helps them⑦__________great deal in understanding ⑧__________the Chinese lived. The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the ⑨__________(origin) Song painting and one of its famous copies--the Qing version ⑩__________(hold) in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Earth Day is an event ①__________(annual) celebrated on April 22. ②__________(found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American politician and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the current situation of air and water pollution and ③ __________(get) people to care about the earth. In 1962, Rachel Carson’s bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an ④__________(aware) of the dangerous effects pf pesticides(农药). Then, a fire, ⑤__________broke out in 1969 on Cleveland’s Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. Senator Gaylord Nelson dreamed of ⑥__________similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day. In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed to the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls ⑦__________all over the country poured in. Since 1970, Earth Day celebration have grown. Later, Nelson ⑧__________(award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work. Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the world every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of ⑨__________(Activity) focused on the environmental issues. In 2017, the March for Science ⑩__________(occur) on Earth Day (April 22, 2017) and was followed by the People’s Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017).八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To this day, Kevin Hart still recalls the exact moment he learned this lifelong lesson, ①__________ he says came about one afternoon while he was under the care of his after-school babysitter, ②__________kind, grandmotherly woman named Miss Davis. ③__________(typical), Han helped Miss Davis with housework after school. One day. however, Han skipped the housework and joined some friends ④__________a “game’’of throwing rocks at passing cars. As it went, one of the ⑤__________(stone) Hart threw broke a car window. On seeing this, Hart and his friends ⑥__________(flee) from the scene. The car stopped and the driver stepped out to find who did it. Eventually,his friends all pointed to Hart. “They threw me under the bus so fast!" he says. News of the incident quickly made ⑦__________(it) way to Miss Davis. He spent the rest of the day in panic,fearing what ⑧__________(happen)when Davis told his mother. Yet, Miss Davis never told. Her act gave Hart an important lesson about trust. “You’ve got to give trust ⑨__________(get) trust,” he says. He was so ⑩__________(thank) that he never got into trouble as a teenager from then onfall because of Miss Davis. 答案以及解析一、答案及解析:答案:being; and; disappointed; to; caught; to stop; riding; Did; me/mine; suddenly解析:1.考查非谓语动词。句意为" 一天早上,我正在等公交车,担心上学会迟到。"。介词后 面用名词或动名词做宾语,故填being。 2.考查连词。句意为"有很多人在车站等车.而且其中一些人看起来很焦急、很沮丧。"。设空处 连接两个句子,表顺承关系,故填and。3.考查词性转换。and前后词性一致,应为形容词而且主语为人,故此空填 disappointed,意为"感到沮丧的"。4. 考查固定搭配。句意为"我坐在一个挨着窗户的地方……"。next to为固定短语,意为"紧挨着",故填介词to。5.考查时态。句意为"一个骑车的男孩引起了我的注意。"。文章在讲述一件往事,要用一般过去时,故填caught。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意为"但司机坚持要到下一站才停车。"。refuse后接动词不定式做宾语,意为"拒绝做某事"。7.考查非谓语动词。句意为"然而,男孩仍在继续骑车。"。keep后接动名词做宾语,意为"继续做某事",故填riding。8.考查时态。句意为"有人在上一站丢了一个手提箱吗?"。表示过去发生的事,用一般过去时;而且句子是一般疑问句, 故填Did。9.考查代词。此句可 以理解为"是我(丢了箱子)",故填人称代词宾格 me;也可以理解为"是我的(箱子)",故填名词性物 主代词mine。10.考查词性转换。 句意为"……这群陌生人突然变得彼此友好起来。"。修饰动词became要用副词形式,故填 suddenly。 二、答案及解析:答案:have left; communicating; because; importance; carefully; which; different; activities; to worry; with解析:1. have left 考査固定句式。This/lt is the+序数词+time that sb. have/has done sth.某人第几次做某事。2. communicating 考査固定短语。 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难。3. because考査连词。That’s because…那是因为......。4. importance 考査词性转换。attach importance to…认为......重要,应填名词importance,作attach的宾语。5. carefully考查词性转换。此处:用副词修饰动词listen。6. which考查定语从句的关系词。此处为非限制性定语从句,其先行词为前面一句话。7. different考查词性转换。修饰名词people应用形容词形式。8. activities考查名词复数。activity为可数名词,且由空前的some一词可知应填复数形式。9. to worry考查固定句式。There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事。10. with考査介词。make friends with sb.和某人交朋友。 三、答案及解析:答案:with; to say; uncomfortable ; it; drank; salty; who/that ; leaving; the; but解析:本文是一则感人的爱情小故事。1. 考査介词。根据语境“他邀请她和他一起喝咖啡”可知,应该用with表示“和……一起”。2. 考查固定用法。too... to...表示“太……而不能……”。3. 考査词形转换。根据语境,他什么都不说,所以她觉得不自在,想回家。4. 考査代词。这里需要用代词代替上文的salt。5. 考查时态。根据上下文的内容可知,该事发生在过去,故此处应该用一般过去时。6. 考査词形转换。根据空前的"the"和空后的 "coffee"可知,这里应用形容词salty,表示“咸味的咖啡”。7. 考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a man,同时在从句中作主语,故用关系代词 who/that。8. 考査非谓语动词。这里需要用现在分词短语作伴随状语,故填leaving。9. 考査冠词。"the only lie"表示“唯一的谎言”,是特指,故用定冠词。10. 考查连词。根据语境可知,前后分句表示转折关系,故用表示转折的连词but。 四、答案及解析:答案:1. to worship 2. completely 3. dragons 4. Beginning 5. ordered 6. favorable 7. to 8. important 9. the 10. first解析: 1. to worship考査不定式。It is/was+a(n) +可数名词单数+to do sth.为固定句型,故填to worship。2. completely考查副词。修饰后面的动词controlled,用副词作状语。3. dragons考查名词单复数。由sixteen可知,此处应使用复数形式。4. Beginning考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作状语,指这个活动开始于秦始皇。5. ordered考查时态。结合上下文语境可知,此处表示过去的动作,故填ordered。6. favorable考查形容词。根据后面的名词weather可知,此处使用形容词作定语,指有利的天气。7. to考査介词。 direct sth. to为固定搭配,故填to。8.important考査形容词。此处修饰后面的名词celebrations, 故使用形容词作定语。9.the考査冠词。表示中国传统节日的名词前常用定冠词the。10.first考查序数词。根据语境可知,此处是阴历—月的第十五天,故填first。 五、答案及解析:答案:1. more 2. probably 3. as 4. but/yet 5. was challenged 6. on 7. to help 8. needed 9. whose10. including解析: 本文主要介绍了法国著名的海洋科学家 Cousteau的相关情况。1. more考查固定搭配。more... than..."比起 更 "。2. probably考査副词。他可能是近代最著名的海洋科学家。此处应用副词修饰动词,故填probably。3. as考查介词。共至当他还是个孩子的时候,他就爱上了水。 as表示”在某一年龄段时"。4. but/yet考査连词。根据语境可知,前后句是转折关系,应用 but/yet 。5. was challenged考查时态和语态。在那甩,他最终受到了激励。由全文的时态可知,应用一般过去时;Cousteau是被激励的,故应用被动语态。6. on考査介词。work on sth."努力改善(或完成)某事”。7. to help考査动词不定式。他还买了一艘船来帮助他潜水。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。8. needed考査时态。由前面的"bought"可知,此处应用一般过去时。9. whose考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导定语从句,且在从句中作定语,修饰"function",故填whose。10. including考査介词。Cousteau赢得了很多荣誉,包括(including)总统自由勋章和1989年获得的法国学术会员身份。 六、答案及解析:答案:who; creation; for; containing; to describe; highly; a; how; original ; is held解析:本文是一篇说明文。中国最重要的经典画作是什么?依年轻时多次来过中国的Paul Denlinger看,非"清明上河图"莫属。1. who考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Paul Denlinger,在从句中作主语,故填入who。2. creation考査词性转换。空格后是动词短语dates back to, 空格前有指示代词This修饰,故空格处填入名词作主语。3. for考查介词。for... reason出于......原因,为固定搭配。4. containing 考査非谓语动词。空格前是一个简单句, contain前没有出现连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词。contain与其逻辑主语Chinese paintings之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词containing。5. to describe 考査非谓语动词。中心名词scroll(卷轴) painting前有序数词the first修饰,故名词后应用不定式结构作定语。6. highly考查词性转换。修饰形容词detailed,应用副词 highly,表示"非常"之意。7. a考査冠词。a great deal为固定搭配。8. how考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,understanding后是宾语从句,空格处在宾语从句中作状语,表示方式,故填入how。9. original考査词性转换。修饰名词短语Song painting应用形容词。10. is held考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据前一句中的 keeps可推知,此空也应用一般现在时。句子的主语one of its famous copies与动词hold之间是动宾关系,故此处应用被动语态。当"one of +its+词+名词复数"在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,故空格处填入is held。 七、答案及解析:答案:annually; Founded; getting; awareness; which; a; from; was awarded; activities; occurred解析:本文主要讲了“地球日”的起源及发展。1. annually 考查副词。所填的词修饰动词celebrated,所以用副词形式。2. Founded 考查非谓语动词。 found和it之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式做状语。3. getting 考查非谓语动词。所填的词和上文的helping并列做介词at的宾语,所以用动词-ing形式。4. awareness 考查名词。所填的词做宾语,所以用名词形式。awareness“意识”。5. which 考查定语从句。先行词是fire,关系词在非限制性定语从句中做主语,所以填which。6. a 考查冠词。event是单数可数名词,此处表示数量“一”,所以填a。7. from 考查介词。此处表示 "来自全国各地的电话”,所以填from。8. was awarded 考查被动语态。award和Nelson之间为动宾关系,讲述的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。9. activities 考查名词复数。activity是可数名词,根据前面的an entire week of可知,activity要用复数形式。10.occurred 考查时态。根据时间状语In 2017可知,句子要用过去时。 八、答案及解析:答案:which; a; Typically; in; stones; fled; its; would happen(might/could happen); to get; thankful解析:1. 考査定语从句。此处lesson是先行词,指物,后面的非限制性定语从句缺少主语和引导词,故答案为which。2. 考査不定冠词。句意:一个和蔼的、奶奶一样的女士,她的名字叫Miss Davis。此处 _____ kind, grandmotherly woman named Miss Davis.是 babysitter的同位语,故答案为a。3. 考查副词。副词修饰整个句子,故答案为Typically。4. 考查固定搭配。join sb.in sth.加入某人行列做某事,故答案为in。5. 考查名词复数。根据one of可知后面的名词用复数形式,故答案为stones。6. 考查时态。一看到这个,Hart和他的朋友就逃离了现场。 句子用一般过去时态,故答案为fled。7. 考查形容词性物主代词。这一事件的消息很快就被戴维斯小姐送到了。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故答案为its。8. 考查时态。他一整天都在恐慌中度过,担心当戴维斯告诉他的母亲时会发生什么。句子用过去将来时态,故答案为would happen(might/could happen)。9. 考查动词不定式。你必须信任才能获得信任。此处是动词不定式做目的状语,故答案为to get。10. 考查形容词。他非常感激,从那时起,他就再也没有遇到过麻烦,都是因为戴维斯小姐。此处是形容词放在be动词后面做表语,故答案为thankful。