小升初英语总复习专题ppt课件（打包18套）

这是一份小升初英语总复习专题ppt课件（打包18套），共60页。PPT课件主要包含了知识梳理，考点精析，过关检测，第二章 词 类，第三章 句 型，第四章 动词和时态，第七章 阅读理解，要点点拨，第八章 书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二章 词 类
第二节 冠 词
知识梳理
一、冠词的概念　　冠词是一种虚词，本身没有词义，也不能单独使用，要用在名词或形容词的前面。二、冠词的分类
三、冠词的用法　　1. 不定冠词的用法　　(1)与数词one同源，表示“一个”，泛指某人或某物，但语气不如one 强烈。　　如：There is a lamp on the desk. 　　(2)代表一类人或物。　　如：A driver is the one who drives. An elephant is the biggest animal on the land.
(3)不定冠词a和an的选用①大部分单数可数名词前用a。如：a bag， a computer②以元音字母a，e，i，o开头的单数可数名词，通常在其前面用an。如：an apple， an egg， an ice-cream， an orange③以元音字母u 开头的单词，有两种情况：　a. 当该字母的发音是元音/ /时，前面用an。如：an umbrella， an uncle　b. 当该字母的发音是辅音/ju /时，前面用a。如：a university student， a unit④有的单词不是以元音字母开头，但是其第一个音素是元音音素的，也要用an。如：an hour， an FM radio【注】判断一个单词是否以元音开头，要根据单词音标的第一个因素。
2. 定冠词的用法　　定冠词the在句中或是文中可理解为“this”或“that”， 在复数句子中理解为 “these” 或“those”。有“这(那)个(些)”的意思，但语气较弱，要和名词连用来表示某个或某些特定的人或物。　　(1)特指双方都明白的人或物。如：Look at the picture on the wall. 　　(2)指上文已提到过的人或物。如：There is a boy at table. The boy's name is Mike. 　　(3)指世上独一无二的事物。如：the sun， the moon， the earth， the sky　　(4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物。如：the dollar， the fox
(5)与复数名词连用，指整个群体。　　如：They are the students of Class One. 他们是一班的学生。(指全体学生)They are students of Class One. 他们是一班的学生。(指部分学生)　　(6)与形容词连用，表示一类人。如：the rich， the poor　　(7)用在序数词或形容词最高级前。　　如：on the second floor，the 12th birthday party，the tallest boy，the shortest player (8)用在某些由普通名词构成的组织、机构等专有名词前。　　如：the People's Republic of China， the United States of America
(9)用在表示乐器的名词之前。如：play the piano， play the violin， play the pipa　　(10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人。如：the Greens， the Wangs 　　(11)用在惯用语中。如：in the day， in the morning， the day after tomorrow　　　3. 零冠词的用法　　(1)国名、人名前通常不用定冠词。　　如：China is a great country. Bingo is his name. 　　(2)在季节、月份、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不用冠词。　　如：Spring is the first season of the year. Sunday is the first day of the week.
(3)在三餐之前，不用冠词。如：have breakfast， have lunch， have dinner / supper　　(4)抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不用冠词。如：Failure is the mother of success.　　(5)在球类名词之前，不用冠词。如：play basketball， play football， play badminton　　(6)在学科、语言名词之前， 不用冠词。如： have Chinese class， speak English 　　(7)当by与交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，名词之前不用冠词。如：by bus， by train　　(8)当名词前面有this， that， my， his， every， some，名词所有格等修饰词时，不用冠词。　　如：This is my schoolbag. Amy's doll is pink.
(9)有些个体名词，如：school， hospital等，当它们直接置于介词后时，表示该名词的深层含义；若名词前加定冠词the，则表示一般含义。如：
考点精析
考点 考查冠词的用法 【例1】用a，an， the 或 / 填空。 　　1. She has 　　　　 apple and　　　　 pear. 　　　　 　　　　2. I can speak 　　　　 Chinese and 　　　　 　　　　　　 English well. 　　3. Mike can play　　　　 guitar and play 　　　　 football. 　　4. After I had　　　　quick breakfast， I hurried to school.
解析：此类题考查冠词在句子中的使用。要注意掌握定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的不同用法。 第1小题关键看apple 和pear 两个单词的第一个字母的发音是元音还是辅音；第2小题语言名词前用零冠词；第3小题乐器名词前用定冠词，球类名词前用零冠词；第4小题注意三餐名称前若有形容词，则可在形容词前加不定冠词 a。 答案：1. an；a　2. /；/　3. the；/　4. a
举一反三 1. 用 a 或 an 填空。 (1) 　 eye　　　　 (2) ear　　　　　 (3) 　 　 mouth (4) old man (5) honest boy (6) useful book 2. 用正确的冠词填空。 (1)We study 8 hours day. (2)He is 　 　 tallest student in our class. (3)I had 　　 breakfast at 7：00 this morning. (4)I often have big dinner on my birthday.
an
a
an
an
an
a
a
the
a
/
【例2】单项填空。(　　)Mr Black will go to Beijing 　　　. A. by air　 B. by a plane　 C. take a plane　　解析：本题考查冠词的使用和短语的固定搭配。by 与交通工具连用时，用零冠词，B选项本身有错，不可选；take a plane 本身没有错，但是动词短语用在句子此处不合适。by air 与by plane， by airplane， by aeroplane 同义，均意为“乘飞机”。 答案：A
举一反三 3. 在下列句子中的横线处填上适当的冠词或/。 (1) Let‘s go out for walk. (2) Did you have big dinner last night？ (3) Washington is capital of USA. 4. 单项填空。( )　　　 woman over there is 　　　 popular teacher in our school. A. A； the　　B. The； a　　C. The； the
the
a
a
B
过关检测
一、用不定冠词a或an 填空。　　1. _____ egg 2. _____ boy　　3. _____ student 4. _____ umbrella　　5. _____ university 6. _____ hour　　7. _____ old house 8. _____ young man　　9. _____ English book二、用a，an，the或 / 填空,补全句子。　　1. I have _____English book. _____ book is very interesting. 　　2. That is _____ orange. It’s _____ big orange.
an
a
a
an
a
an
an
an
an
The
an
a
a
　　3. Today is _____ Sunday. It’s _____ first day of a week. 　　4. _____ sun is much bigger than _____ moon. 　　5. Beijing is the capital(首都) of _____ China. 　　6. The sun comes out in _____ morning and sets down in _____ evening.　　7. What _____ interesting film it is!I like _____ film very much. 　　8. Let’s go for _____ walk, shall we? 　　9. Which is _____ biggest, _____ sun, _____ moon, or _____ earth?　　10. I have two dogs. _____ black one is young and _____ yellow one is old.
/
the
The
the
/
the
the
an
a
the
the
the
the
The
the
the
三、单项填空。　　(　　)1. Chen Jie is Chinese girl. 　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. /　　(　　)2. Mike is from America.　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. /　　(　　)3. This is useful book.　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. /　　 (　　)4. He is artist. 　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. / 　　(　　)5. This is my pet dog.　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. /　
A
D
A
B
D
　(　　)6. Ann likes playing piano very much.　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. / (　　)7. Mrs Black often goes to school to see her son John.　　　　A. a B. an C. the D. / (　　)8. This is map of world. 　　　　A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a (　　) 9. Our classroom is on second floor. Let’s go to classroom.　　　　A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a (　　)10. Tokyo is capital of Japan.　　　　A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; /
C
C
C
B
D
第二章 词 类
第六节 介词和连词
知识梳理
一、介词的概念　　介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独充当句子成分。介词后面一般会接上名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作为它的宾语。
二、介词的分类及用法　　(一)表示位置的介词 1. at， in， on， to
2. above， over， on
3. under， below
4. near， beside， next to， by
5. in front of， behind
6. on the left， on the right， in the middle， between…(and)， among
(二)表示时间的介词 　　1. in， on，at
2. in， after
3. before， after
(三)表示位移方向的介词
(四)表示其他意义的介词　　1. by表示“用……方法、手段”，或表示“用某种交通工具”。　　如：He makes a living by selling newspapers. My father goes to the USA by plane.
　　2. with表示“用……工具、手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段。　　如：He broke the window with a stone. We can see with our eyes and smell with our noses. 　　3. in表示“用……方式；用……语言、语调；穿着”等。　　如：Please say it in English. Mary is in red today. 　　4. for　　(1) 表示“给……”。如：This present is for you.　 (2) 表示“为了……”。如：Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo.　　 (3) 表示“作为……”。如：We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch.
　　5. to　　(1)表示“到……”。如：Take your sport shoes to the PE class. 　　(2)表示“致……”。如：Happy birthday to you！　　6. from表示“来自”。如：I'm from China. ＝I come from China. 　　7. from…to… 指“从……到……”。　　如：Line up from shorter to taller. 从矮到高排队。 We have classes from Monday to Friday. 　　8. of 表示“……的”。如：This is a map of China.
三、介词短语　　介词短语指的是某一个介词固定与另外一个词搭配，表达某一个固定的意思。　　以下为小学阶段学过的介词短语汇总： 　　1. 动词＋介词　 　agree with同意　　　　 ask for要求　　　　　　 belong to属于　　　　 get on上车 　 get off下车 get to到达 hold on等一等 listen to听　 look at看 look after照顾 look for寻找 look up查找　 look like看上去像 put on穿上 put off 推迟 wait for等待　 want to想要 put away收拾 worry about为……担忧
2. 形容词＋介词　　afraid of害怕 angry with生气 close to接近于 famous for因……出名　　full of充满 good at擅长于 proud of自豪 short of缺乏　　late for迟到 sorry for对……抱歉 interested in对……感兴趣　　different from与……不同
3. 介词＋其他词　　after school放学后 at first首先 at last最后 at least至少　　 in English用英语 by oneself独自 by the way顺便问一下 for example例如 in time及时 on time准时；按时　　 on holiday在度假 from now on从现在开始 　　 from…to… 从……到……
四、连词的概念　　连词是用来连接词、短语和句子的虚词，表示它们之间的关系，不能单独使用。五、常见连词及其用法　　1. and表示“和”。　　如：I like cabbages and carrots.　　2. both…and… 表示“……和……(两者)都……”。　　如：Both you and I are in Class Six this year.　　3. not only…but also… 表示“不仅……而且……”。　　如：Mike is not only good at basketball but also good at football.
4. or表示“或者；是……还是……”。常用连接疑问句或否定句中的并列成分。　　如：Would you like milk or tea？ I don't have a sister or a brother. 　　5. either…or… 表示“或者……或者……”。　　如：Put it either in the desk or in the schoolbag.　　6. but表示“但是”。　　如：I try my best, but I can’t do it well.　　7. because表示“因为”。　　如：I like beef, because it is delicious.　　8. for表示“因为(语气比because弱)”。　　如：You’d better put on your sweater, for it’s cold outside.
9. so表示“所以”。　　如：My mother worked last night, so I went shopping by myself.　　【注】在英语中，because和so的用法与中文中的“因为……所以……”结构不同，它们不能同时出现在一个句子中，即如果句子中用了because，就不能再用so；反之，如果用了so，前面就不能用because。　　10. since表示“从……开始”。　　如：I have played the piano since I was five years old.
　　11. until/till表示“直到……；直到……才……(not… until…结构)”。　　如：I won’t go to bed until my mother comes back.　　12. if表示“如果”。　　如：If you can do it, so can I. If you go by car, by bike or on foot, you must know the traffic rules.
考点精析
考点 考查介词、连词在句子中的正确运用【例1】用适当的介词填空。　　1. The book is made 　　　　　　 wood. 　　2. The table is made 　　　　　　 wood. 　　3. The fan is made 　　　　　　 China. 　　4. The model plane is made 　　　　　　 Tom.
解析：本题考查介词的运用。be made 后面接上不同的介词，所表达的意思不同。 be made of 和be made from 都是指“由什么制成”，但是be made of指从制成品可以直接清楚地看出原材料是什么；be made from指从制成品看不出原材料是什么；be made in指“在哪里制造”；be made by指“由谁制造”。　　答案： 1. from　2. of　3. in　4.by
【例2】单项填空。 ( )1.Birds can fly in the sky they can’t swim in the water. A. and B. but C. or ( )2.He has four pens.he doesn’t use them. A. But B. And C. Or ( )3.Hurry up, you’ll be late for school. A. and B. or C. so　　解析：第1题考查连词的运用。分析句意，横线前后两句的意思有转折的意味，因此只能用连词 but。第2题but（但是）表示转折关系；and（和）表示并列关系；or （或者）表示选择关系。根据句意“他有四支钢笔，但是他从来都不用”可知表转折，因此正确答案是A 。第3题根据句意“快点，否则你就迟到了”，只有or 才有“否则；要不然”的意思。因此正确答案是 B。
答案： 1.B 2.A 3.B
举一反三 1. 用适当的介词填空。 (1)What are you looking 　 　？ (2)The girl always looks 　 　 the dog. (3)Look 　　 the blackboard. (4)You can look 　　 the dictionary and you'll know the meaning of it. (5)Look 　 　 you leap(跳).
for
after
at
up
before
2. 用适当的连词填空。 (1)I like music 　 　 art. (2)The shirt is nice， 　 　 it's too expensive for me. (3)I don‘t like winter 　 　 it's so cold. (4)　 　 you and your sister can go hiking with us. (5)　　 you want to get good grades， you should study hard.
and
but
because
Both
If
过关检测
1. There is a picture _____ the wall. 2. There are two shelves ___________ the picture. 3. There are many books _____ the shelf. 4. A boy and a girl are _____ the table. 5. The box is _______ the boy.
一、根据图片内容，在下列句子中的横线上填上适当的介词。
on
beside/near
on
at
behind
二、在下列横线上填上适当的介词。1. _____ autumn 2. _____ the middle 3. _____ subway4. _____ train 5. _____ Monday 6. interested _____7. _____ Chinese 8. listen _____ 9. do well _____10. be good _____ 11. play _____ us 12. help him _____ English 13. wait _____14. _____ July 15. live _____ Hainan16. a cup _____ tea 17. _____ time18. put _____ your coat 19. agree _____20. _____ the gate _____ the school
in
in
by
by
on
in
in
to
in
at
with
with
for
in
in
of
on/in
on
with
at
of
三、单项填空。 ( )1. Cloud is _____ vapour(水蒸气). A. from B. in C. on ( )2. There is a river _____ the two villages. A. in B. between C. in the middle ( )3. It’s time _____ go to school. A. to B. for C. up ( )4. Look _____ the boy. He’s playing ____ his pet cat. A. in; of B. on; to C. at; with ( )5. Can you count _____ one _____ one thousand? A. from; to B. from; in C. in; of ( )6. Who’s the girl _____ a small mouth? A. in B. with C. for
A
B
A
C
A
B
( )7. I study English hard,___ English is very important. A. so B. because C. until ( )8. Use your head, ____you will find a way. A. and B. or C. but ( )9. Because he is the shortest one in his class, ____ he sits in the front of the classroom. A. so B. but C. / ( )10. I have stayed in Guangdong ____ I was ten. A. then B. since C. but四、用适当的介词或连词填空。 1. Sarah is _____ the USA. 2. Look!The cat is _____ (在……下面)the desk 3. I can’t leave my house _____（直到）my mother comes back.
B
A
C
B
from
under
until
4. Is she looking _____ her English book? 5. Amy’s birthday is _____ September 14th. 6. Our teacher is strict _____ me. 7.This Tshirt is different _____ that one. 8. Chen Jie sits _____ the middle _____ the living room. 9. Amy is behind Sarah.Sarah is __________ Amy. 10. He is playing football, _____ it starts to rain. 五、根据图片及问句写出答句。 1. —Where is the flower? —____________________
for
on
with
from
in
of
in front of
but
It’s on the desk.
2. —Where are the pens? —_________________________3. —Is the ball on the sofa? —_________________________4. —Where is the cat? —___________________________________5. —When’s your birthday? —___________________________________
They’re in the pencil box.
No, it’s under the desk.
It’s between the monkey and the rabbit.
It’s on May 18th.
第二章 词 类
第三节 数 词
知识梳理
一、数词的分类　　
二、数词的构成　　1. 1~12 的基数词与序数词的对应表
【注】以上加粗的几个序数词比较特殊，请特别加以记忆。
2. 13~19 的基数词与序数词的对应表
这一组词的特点是：基数词都是以teen 结尾，序数词都是在基数词后直接加th。
3. 20~90的整十的基数词与序数词的对应表
这一组词的特点是：基数词都是以ty结尾，序数词都是将基数词末尾的y改为ieth。
4. 几十几的表示方法　　基数词由十位数词后面加上个位数词合成，中间加上连字符“-”；序数词则是在基数词的基础上，十位数不变，只将个位变为序数词即可。　　如：twenty-one(21)—twenty-first(21st)， ninety-five(95)—ninety-fifth(95th)　5. 三位以上的数词的表示方法 　　三位以上的基数词， 在百位和十位之间，一般要用连词and；序数词的表示则是在基数词的基础上，百位和十位数保持不变，只将个位变为序数词即可。　如：one hundred and thirty-two(132)—one hundred and thirty-second(132nd)one thousand three hundred and forty(1,340)— one thousand three hundred and fortieth(1340th)
6. 几个大数字的表示方法　　百： hundred　 千：thousand　 百万：million　　 十亿：billion　　【注】在使用基数词时，要特别注意hundred， thousand， million， billion等几个词的用法。若这些词前面用了基数词，则不论其后是否有of，都必须用单数形式(此时若带of则通常表示特定范围内的一部分)；若泛指数百、数千、数百万等，则用 hundreds of， thousands of， millions of 等这样的结构。　　如： Two hundred of the students will plant trees this Saturday. 这周六这些学生中有200名学生将去植树。 Hundreds of people attended the concert. 成百上千的人们出席了音乐会。 Thousands upon thousands of English words come from foreign tongues. 成千上万的英语单词来自外来语。
7. 基数词变序数词的规律　　基数词变序数词有一定的规律，口诀如下：
三、数词的用法　　1. 表示数量的多少时，用基数词。　　注意与后面的名词单复数形式一致，并注意谓语动词的变化。　　如：There is only one student in the classroom. Five students are playing basketball. 　　2. 表示时间时，用基数词。　　(1)表示几点钟用基数词加o‘clock(可以省略)。如： 5：00读作five o'clock或five。
(2)表示几点过几分，有两种表达方式：第一种是简单地将时和分分别读出。第二种是以半点为分界线，在半点之前(包括半点)用分钟＋past＋小时；半点之后，以差多少分到下一个时间点的方式表示，即 (60—分钟数)＋to＋(小时数＋1)。　　如： 7：05　seven o five或five past seven 6：30　six thirty或half past six(half 表示半点) 8：15　eight fifteen或 fifteen/a quarter past eight(a quarter 表示一刻钟) 7：50　seven fifty或ten to eight 11：45　eleven forty-five或a quarter to twelve 　　3. 表示年份时，用基数词。　　如： 1949　nineteen forty-nine 2015　two thousand and fifteen
4. 表示日期时，用序数词。　　如：10月1日　October the first 或者 the first of October 2008年8月18日　Aug.18th,2008 或 the 18th of August， 2008　　5. 表示年龄、身高、体重、物品价格等时，用基数词。　　如：表示年龄：I'm 15 (years old). 表示身高：I'm 156 cm (tall). 表示体重：I'm 49 kg. 表示物品的价格：—How much is the meat？ —It's 20 yuan a kilo.
6. 表示数学运算时，用基数词。　　如： 4＋6＝10　Four and / plus six is ten. 9－6＝3　Nine minus six is three. 2×7＝14 Two times seven is fourteen. 15÷5＝3 Fifteen divided by five is three. 　　7. 表示顺序时，用序数词。　　如： The first boy in the line is Mike. She is the second in our class.
　　8. 表示编号时，既可以用基数词，也可以用序数词。　　如：the first lesson＝Lesson One， the eighth unit＝Unit Eight　　【注】名词加基数词的形式中，名词和基数词的首字母都要大写。 　　9. 分数的表达，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，先读分子然后读分母，当分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词后面要加s。如：1/3 one third， 2/3 two thirds
考点精析
考点 数词的用法 【例】单项填空。(　　)1. I am in 　　　. A. Class 2　 B. Class 2nd　 C. 2nd Class (　　)2. 　　　 people visited the park this morning. A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Several hundreds of
　　解析：第1小题考查基数词和序数词的正确用法。在表示编号时，如果用名词加基数词表示，首字母要大写，如果用序数词＋名词表示，序数词前要加the。C选项前加上 the 才是正确的选项；第2小题考查基数词的复数形式的用法。“好几百”直接在名词hundred 之后加s和of ， 无需前缀several. 答案： 1. A　2. B
举一反三 1. 单项填空。( ) (1)The reading room is on the 　　　. A. third floor　　B. Floor 3rd　　C. 3 floor( ) (2)Today is 　　　. A. the first of May B. the first May C. May first2. 用英语表达下列日期。(1)6月1日 (2) 10月3日(3) 4月2日 (4) 7月10日(5)9月15日 (6) 8月21日 　
A
A
June 1st
October 3rd
April 2nd
September 15th
July 10th
August 21st
过关检测
一、按要求写单词。(一)基数词1. 1~12的基数词(特殊记忆)1 ________ 2 ________3 ________ 4 ________5 ________ 6 ________7 ________ 8 ________9 ________ 10 ________11 ________ 12 ________
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
2. 13~19的基数词(都是以teen结尾)13 ________ 14 ________15 ________ 16 ________17 ________ 18 ________19 ________3. 整十的基数词(都是以ty结尾)20 ________ 30 ________40 ________ 50 ________60 ________ 70 ________80 ________ 90 ________
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
twenty
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
nineteen
4. 非整十的两位数的基数词21 _________ 45 _________58 _________ 96 _________(二)序数词1. 1~3的序数词及数字表示方法第一 _________ (_________)第二 _________ (_________)第三 _________ (_________)
twenty-one
forty-five
fifty-eight
ninety-six
first
1st
second
2nd
third
3rd
2. 4~19的序数词及数字表示方法(除5、9、12，其余都是以基数词加th构成的)第四 _______ (_______)第五 _______ (_______)第六 _______ (_______)第七 _______ (_______)第八 _______ (_______)第九 _______ (_______)第十 _______ (_______)第十一 ___________ (_______)
fourth
4th
fifth
5th
sixth
6th
seventh
7th
eighth
8th
ninth
9th
tenth
10th
eleventh
11th
第十二 _____________ (_______)第十三 _____________ (_______)第十四 _____________ (_____)第十五 _____________ (_____)第十六 _____________ (_____)第十七 _____________ (_____)第十八 _____________ (_____)第十九 _____________ (_____)
twelfth
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
3. 整十的序数词及数字表示方法(都是把整十的基数词词尾的y改成i，然后加eth)第二十 _________ (_________)第三十 _________ (_________)第四十 _________ (_________)第五十 _________ (_________)第六十 _________ (_________) 第七十 _________ (_________)第八十 _________ (_________)第九十 _________ (_________)
twentieth
20
thirtieth
30
fortieth
40
fiftieth
50
sixtieth
60
seventieth
70
eightieth
80
ninetieth
90
4. 其他的两位数的序数词，由基数词“几十几”变化而来，十位数不变，个位数上的基数词变成序数词，中间用连字符“-”连接第二十一 _____________ (_________)第三十二 _____________ (_________)第四十三 _____________ (_________)第五十四 _____________ (_________)第八十九 _____________ (_________)第九十六 _____________ (_________)
twenty-first
thirty-second
32nd
21st
forty-third
43rd
fifty-fourth
54th
eighty-ninth
89th
ninety-sixth
96th
二、在横线上填写合适的数词，把下面的算术题补充完整。seventeen+eight=_____________2. sixty-_____________=ten3. ninety+_____________=ninety-five4. fourteen+one_____________5.thirty-fourteen=_____________6.eighteen-seven=_____________7.three+eleven=_____________8.nine+ten=_____________9.five+_____________=forty-five10.eight+twelve=_____________
twenty-five
fifty
five
fifteen
sixteen
eleven
fourteen
nineteen
forty
twenty
三、单项填空。( )1. Please turn to _____.A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page the 11th ( )2. There are _____ in our classroom.hundreds books B. some hundreds of booksC. hundreds of books ( )3. There are______ students in our school.A. fourhundred and forty-five B. four hundred and forty-fiveC. four hundreds and forty-five ( )4. May is ______ of the year. A. the fifth months B. the fifth month C. the five months ( )5. ______ is Women’s Day.A. March the eighth B. March the eight C. Eight of March
A
C
B
B
A
四、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. There are t____________ months in a season.2. There are s____________ minutes in an hour.3. Spring is the f____________ season of the year.4. September t____________ is Teachers’ Day.5. There are f____________ seasons in a year. 6. The f____________ day of the week is Thursday.7. T___________is the third day of the week.8. My uncle is 30. My aunt is 2 years younger than him. So my aunt is t____________ years old.9. Nine and nine is e____________. 10. Three t__________ of the earth is land.
welve
ixty
irst
enth
our
ifth
wenty-eight
ighteen
uesday
enths
五、看图写时间。
one o’clock
five past ten
five o’clock
ten to eleven
half past eight
a quarter past nine
第二章 词 类
第四节 代 词
知识梳理
一、代词的分类　　代词是用来代替名词的一种词类，大多数代词具有名词或形容词的功能。英语中的代词通常分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词九类。对于前六类代词，小学生应较好地掌握。　　
二、人称代词　　1. 人称代词的构成
2. 人称代词的用法　(1)人称代词的主格:在句子中作主语，也就是该句所描述的状态的呈现者或动作的执行者。在陈述句中，它位于句子的最前面。　 如：I am in the classroom. She plays the violin very well. They worked in the factory last year. 　(2)人称代词it：在英语中，it有许多不同的用法，其中一种用法是用作代词，指代前面已经提到过的人、事或物。 如： —Where’s your car?　 —It’s in the garage（车库）. —Who is that? —It’s me. —What’s the weather like in winter in Beijing? —It’s snowy and cold.
(3)人称代词的宾格：在句子中作宾语，位于动词或介词之后，是动作的承受者。　　如：Mr Li teaches us English. The fish in the fridge is for me. 　　(4)人称代词并列出现的排列顺序：当几个人称代词并列出现的时候，其排列顺序与中文的不同。　　①单数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时，其顺序为：第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。　　如：You and I can come into the hall now. My brother and I are going to the cinema this evening. You and Amy were there at that time. You, Mike and I rowed a boat on the lake last summer. The cake is for you and me.
②复数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时，其顺序为：第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。　　如：We and you are going to plant trees in the nature park. You and they climbed the highest mountain two years ago.
三、物主代词　　1. 物主代词的构成
2. 物主代词的用法　　(1)形容词性物主代词放在名词之前，用来修饰名词，这一点与形容词有相似之处，都不能单独使用。　　如：This is my room. His cousin is in America now.　　(2)名词性物主代词可以像名词一样单独使用，其作用相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。　　如：This room is mine.(mine=my room) His hobby is playing computer games. It’s the same as hers. (hers=her hobby)
四、反身代词　　1. 反身代词的构成
【注】反身代词的构成说明： 第一、二人称的单数形式在形容词性物主代词之后加self, 复数形式在形容词性物主代词后加selves；第三人称在宾格代词后加self（单数形式）或selves（复数形式）。
2. 反身代词的用法　　(1)反身代词常用来加强语气。　　如：The king went to see the girl himself. I can do it by myself. 　　(2)反身代词也可以用在动词之后。　　如： David teaches himself Chinese. She will be herself again in no time.
五、指示代词　　1. 指示代词的概念　　指示代词表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等含义。指示代词有this/that/these/those等。this和that用于指代名词单数形式；these 和those 用于指代名词复数形式。 this 和these用于指代空间上较近的事物；that 和 those 用于指代空间上较远的事物。　　如：This is my book. That book over there is yours. These are dogs. Those in the tree are cats.
2. 指示代词的用法　　(1)指示代词兼具形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的特点，既可以单独使用，也可以在后面加名词。　　　如：This is his computer. =This computer is his. Those peaches are fresh. =Those are fresh peaches. 　　(2)指示代词在句子中可以都用the 代替。　　如：I like this new picture. =I like the new picture.
六、不定代词　　1. 不定代词的概念　　不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，叫作不定代词。不定代词可以分为：　　(1)普通不定代词：some(一些)，any(任何)， no(没有)，every(每个) ，each(每个)等。　　(2)数量不定代词：many(许多)，much(许多)， both (两者都)， all (全都)， little(很少)， a little(一点儿)，few(很少)，a few(少数几个)等。
2. 不定代词的用法　　(1) some, any 和 no 的用法辨析 　　some 和 any 都有 “一些”的意思， some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句中, no 用于肯定句中表达否定的意思。　　如：There are some girls in the room. There aren’t any pandas in the mountain. There is no water in the bottle. 　　【注】在一些表示建议、请求的疑问句中，用some 而不用 any。　　如：Would you like some coffee? Can I have some more rice?
(2)every和each的用法辨析 　　①every 和 each 都有“每个”的意思，谓语动词均用单数形式。every 强调整体之中的每一个；each 强调个体概念。　　如：Every student in the class gets a new book. Each kid likes playing computer games. 　　②every表示“(三者以上中的)每一个”； each 可以表示“(两者中的)每一个”。　　如：I read English every day. There are green trees on each side of the river. 　　(3)many和much的用法辨析 　　many和much都有“大量；许多”的意思。many只能修饰可数名词复数形式，much只能修饰不可数名词。　　如：There are many people in the room. Much of the time was wasted.
(4)both和all的用法辨析 　　both表示“(两者)都”；all表示“(三者或三者以上)都”。　　如：My parents are both teachers. All the students in Class One like English very much. 　　(5)few，a few，little，a little 的用法辨析　　①a few 和a little是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组，其意义是肯定的。a few修饰复数可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词。　　如：I have a few friends here. There is still a little water in the bottle. 　　②few和little具有否定的意义，意为“几乎没有”。few修饰复数可数名词，little修饰不可数名词。　　如：He has few friends and lives alone. There is little water in the bottle. Let’s go and get some.
(6)other, the other, others the others, another 的用法辨析　　①other表示“另一个”，其后可接名词单数形式，也可接名词复数形式。　　如：Put the candy in your other hand. Do you have any other questions?　　②表示“两者中的一个”用one；表示“另一个”则用the other。　　如：I have two sisters. One is Sarah, the other one is Susan. 　　③表示不限定范围内的“其他的”用 others。　　如：Some go there by car. Others go on foot. Some say yes, and others say no.　　④“很多中的一个”用one；表示“剩下的所有”用the others。　　如：Jack is cleverer than the others in his class.
【注】the others = the other+名词复数形式。　　如：Jack is cleverer than the other students in his class.　　⑤another指“另外一个”，强调在剩下的所有里面再拿一个，表示单数概念。　　如：I don’t like this hat. Please show me another one.七、疑问代词　　疑问代词引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句，疑问代词一般放在疑问句的句首。疑问代词有：who(谁，主格)，whom(谁，宾格)，whose(谁的)，what(什么)，which(哪个)等。　　(疑问代词部分的讲解将在后面的疑问句章节中作详细讲解，故在此章节中省略)
考点精析
考点1 考查代词的词形转换【例1】按要求写单词。　　1. my(名词性物主代词)　　　　　　 　　 2. their(宾格形式)　　　　　　 　　解析：此类题考查对各类代词词形的记忆和转换。 答案：1. mine　2. them
举一反三1. 词形转换。(1)she (名词性物主代词) 　　　(2)she (复数形式) 　　(3)we (单数形式) 　　 (4)this (对应词) 　　2. 英汉互译。 (1)他的书包　　 (2)我的一个朋友 　(3)look at him 　　 (4)its name　　
它的名字　
hers
they
I
that
his bag
one of my friend/a friend of mine
看着他
考点2 考查代词的运用【例2】 根据中文提示填空。　　Help 　　　　　　 (我)with my English. 　　解析：此题考查对人称代词的主格与宾格的运用。Help 是动词，在动词之后要用代词的宾格。 　　答案：me
【例3】单项填空。(　　)1. This is 　　　 crayon， 　　　 is over there. A. my； your　　 B. mine； yours　 C. my； yours(　　)2. There are 30 students in this class. 　　　 student has a computer. A. Each B. One C. Every(　　)3. Most people think 　　　 are the winners. A. ours B. us C. we
解析：第1小题考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的运用。第一空后有名词crayon, 应该用形容词性物主代词；第二空之后直接是be动词 is，应该用名词性物主代词。第2小题考查学生对不定代词的掌握情况。 30 students 是大于2的，在这个集体中的每一个，用的代词应该是every。第3小题还是考查学生对代词的运用。 在分析此题的时候，学生容易受到think是动词的影响而选择us，事实上，在此题中most people think 是一个主句，后面的句子是从句，因此选择主格代词作主语。　　答案：1. C　2. C　3. C
举一反三1. 单项填空。( )(1)Let's go and help 　　　. A. she　　　 B. her　　　　C. hers( )(2)This is Mr Green. We are 　　　 students. A. he's B. his C. he( )(3)I don't have 　　　 questions. A. no B. some C. any( )(4)—　　　 bike is it？ —It's his bike. A. What B. Which C. Whose
B
B
C
C
2.选择括号内适当的代词填空。 (1)He is 　　　 (I / my /me) father. (2)Pass 　　　 (me / I / my) a pen. (3)Can I use 　　　 (you / your / yours) eraser? (4)Please help 　　　 (them / their / they) clean the classroom. (5)Are 　　　 (this / these) your pens? (6)Be quiet. Please don’t wake 　　　 (he / him / his) up. (7)This pencil is 　　　 (me / my / mine). (8)That yellow shirt is　　　 (she / her / hers). (9)Can you tell　　　 (me / my / I) the way to the park? (10)Sarah does　　　 (she / her / hers)homework every day.
my
me
her
me
your
them
these
him
mine
hers
考点3 考查代词的综合运用【例4】 按要求改写句子。　　Those are their watches. (改成单数形式) 　　　　　解析：此题考查代词在语境中的综合运用。句子由单数形式改成复数形式的时候，要求将句子中所有能够改为复数的成分都改成复数形式，反之亦然。　　答案：That is her/his watch.
举一反三 1.在下面这段话中的横线上填写适当的代词，补全短文。　　 　 is a photo of my family.　 　 father is the man on the right. The woman with glasses is____　 　 　　 mother. 　 　 is an English teacher. The girl in red skirt is my sister. 　 　 name is Linda. Who‘s the girl between my mother and Linda？ It’s 　 　， Lily. 2. 将下面的句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。 There is some water in the glass. (1)否定句：　　 (2)一般疑问句：　
This
My
my
She
Her
me
There isn't any water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass？
过关检测
一、选择括号内的正确代词填空。 1. 　 　 (they / he) are my friends. 2.Look at the tall building. 　 　 (he / it) is a bank. 3.This gift is for 　 　 (you / your). 4.He is 　 　 (they / their) Chinese teacher. 5. 　 　 (he / his) is a policeman. 　 　 (she / his) brother is a farmer. 6. 　 　 (me / my) pen is red,but (she / hers) is blue. 7.I want to invite 　 　 (them / they) to my birthday party.
They
them
My
hers
His
He
their
you
It
8.—Whose pencil is that ?—It’s (mine / my). 9.Can you help 　 　 (my / me)? 10.Would you like to go with 　 　 (us / our)?二、按要求写单词。 1. I (宾格) _______ 2. they (宾格) _______ 3. we (名词性物主代词) _______ 4. she (形容词性物主代词) _______ 5. him (主格) _______ 6. you (主格) _______ 7. it (反身代词) _______ 8. us (反身代词) ___________ 9. that (复数形式) _______ 10. those (反义词) _______
mine
me
us
me
them
ours
her
he
you
itself
ourselves
those
these
三、根据句意用适当的代词填空。 1. This is my brother._____ are twins. 2.Miss Green is our teacher,we all like_____ very much. 3. Sarah has four pens, but she doesn’t use_______. 4.This is not her book. _______ is in my schoolbag. 5.—What time does ______ sister have breakfast? —My sister has breakfast at 7:00. 6.—Where are my shoes?I can’t find _______. 7.—_______ are you doing? —I’m doing _____ homework. 8.—________ T－shirt is that?—It’s mine. 9.I have a dog. _____ name is Gogo. 10.She is a friend of ______. We got to know each other two years ago.
mine
Its
Whose
my
What
them
your
Hers
them
her
We
四、单项填空。 ( )1. She is a student, and name is Julia. A. his B. her C. hers ( )2. Could you help with English, please? A. I; my B. me; me C. me; my ( )3. A friend of came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him ( )4. pencil box is beautiful. But is more beautiful than . A. Toms; my; he B. Tom’s; mine; his C. Tom’s; mine; him ( )5. Most of_____ like Chinese food. A. they B. their C. Them
B
C
B
B
C
( )6. Don’t you let help you? A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me ( )7. I don’t want this shirt. Please show me . A. others B. the others C. another ( )8. I have two sisters. of them are doctors. A. Both B. All C. Either ( )9. There are tomatoes in the basket. A. a few B. a little C. little ( )10. — is Betty? — Tom’s sister. A. What B. Where C. Who
C
C
C
A
A
( )11. ______ have been chosen. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I ( )12. That’s not ______. It is ______. I made it ______. A. yours; mine; myself B. your; mine; mysel C. yours; her; myself ( )13. I can’t repair the model ship ______. Can you help ______? A. me; myself B. myself; myself C. myself; me ( )14. We study Chinese, English, maths and some ______ subjects. A. the other B. other C. another ( )15. Betty and John have come back, but ______ students in the class aren’t here yet. A. the other B. others C. the others
B
C
C
A
A
五、按要求改写下列句子。1. This is their classroom. (改为同义句)_____________________________________2. This is my book, and that is his book.(改为复数形式)_________________________________________________3. 我们的老师喜欢我们，我们也喜欢他。(汉译英)_________________________________________________4. 这是谁的书？（汉译英）_________________________________________________5. This red bottle is Mike’s.(就画线部分提问)_________________________________________________
This classroom is theirs.
These are our books, and those are their books.
Our teacher loves us, and we love him, too.
Whose book is this?
Whose is this red bottle?/Whose red bottle is this?
六、完形填空。 Look at the girl! She is ______ good friend. She is _______ English girl. _______ name is Susan. _____ twelve. My _______ is Julia. _______ a Chinese girl. I am eleven. Susan has a happy family. ______ father is a driver and her mother is a doctor. I have a happy family, too. There are three people in ______ family. They are my father, my mother and ______. I love my parents and ______ love me, too. ( )1. A. I B. my C. mine ( )2. A. a B. an C. the ( )3. A. She B. She’s C. Her ( )4. A. She B. She’s C. Her ( )5. A. name B. book C. friend
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
B
B
B
C
A
( )6. A. I B. I’m C. She ( )7. A. She’s B. Hers C. Her ( )8. A. my B. mine C. me ( )9. A. we B. me C. I ( )10. A.them B. their C. they
B
B
C
C
A
第二章 词 类
第五节 形容词和副词
知识梳理
一、形容词　　1.形容词是主要用来修饰名词的词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或程度好坏等。　　2.形容词可以直接修饰名词，表示“……的”。　　如：a good student,a busy bee　　3. 形容词也可以放在句末。 　　如：That girl is smart.
二、副词　　1.副词是用来修饰动词、形容词或全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。　　2.副词表示动作是“……地”，一般放在动词之后。　　如：The girls sing happily. Joe draws very well.　　【注】在be，feel，smell，taste，get，become，sound，look，turn等连系动词之后，应该用形容词而不是副词。　　如：I feel sad when I see the film. It sounds good. You look terrible. What’s the matter? Leaves turn yellow in autumn. The food tastes delicious.
三、形容词变副词的规则　　1.大部分形容词在其词尾直接加ly变成副词。　　如：real—really， quiet—quietly， helpful—helpfully，slow—slowly， careful—carefully，quick—quickly　　【注】此类以ly 结尾的形容词变比较级时，在前面加 more 　　2.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i，然后再加ly变成副词。　　如： busy—busily，easy—easily　　3.某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e，然后再加y或ly变成副词。 如： gentle—gently ， true—truly
【注】(1)部分名词加ly变成副词。如： part—partly (部分地)　　(2)并不是所有以ly结尾的词都是副词，有的名词加ly是形容词。　　如：friend—friendly(友好的)， mother—motherly(母亲般的)， father—fatherly(父亲般的)， sister—sisterly(姐妹般的)， brother—brotherly(兄弟般的)， love—lovely(可爱的)，day—daily(每日的)　　(3)有些名词加y变成形容词。若名词以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母，需双写该辅音字母再加y。　　如：rain—rainy，snow—snowy，cloud—cloudy，wind—windy，fog—foggy，sun—sunny，salt—salty，luck—lucky，health—healthy
四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级　　大多数形容词和副词都有等级的变化，表示“更……”或“最……”。　　1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则　　(1) 规则变化
续表
(2) 不规则变化
【注】形容词最高级前一般要加the。
2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法　　(1) 比较级常用于两者之间的比较，一般结构为：主语＋谓语＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋其他。同时，在比较级前可以用much，rather，a little，even等表示程度的副词修饰。　　如：She is taller than me. He runs faster than Tom. This house is much bigger than that one. Lily is a little thinner than Lucy.　　(2) 形容词比较级＋and＋形容词比较级，表示“越来越……”。　　如：It is getting hotter and hotter. (3) the＋形容词比较级，the＋形容词比较级，表示“越……就越……”。　　如：The more， the better. 越多越好。
　　(4)最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或物在某个范围内“最……”。　　如：Jack is the cleverest in the class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.　　【注】(1)形容词和副词的原级可以用“as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as”结构对两者进行比较，表示“……和……一样……”。其否定形式为“not as/so＋形容词或副词的原级＋as”，表示“……不如/没有……”。　　如：Lily is as old as Lucy. Tom is not as/so clever as Jim. 　　(2)副词的最高级前面的the 可以省略。　　如：She is the best singer in our school. She sings (the) best.
考点精析
考点1 考查形容词、副词的词形变换【例1】请仔细观察下面左排的单词，根据其变化规则写出右排所缺的单词。　　1. big→bigger　　　 hot→　　　　　　　　2. new→old early→　　　　　　　　3. good→best much→　　　　　　　　4. happy→happily easy→　　　　　　　　解析：此类题考查形容词和副词的变换形式，涉及形容词、副词间的转换及其比较级、最高级、反义词等。　　答案：1. hotter　2. late　3. most　4. easily
举一反三 1. 写出下列单词的比较级和最高级。 (1) late→　 　→　　　　　　　 (2) thin→　 　→　　 (3) easy→　 　→　　 (4) useful→　 　→　　 2. 根据画线的形容词判断下列句子的说法是否正确，正确的在括号里打“√”，错误的打“×”。 (1) The days are longer in summer than in winter.( ) (2) The elephants are the biggest animals in the world.( ) (3) Watching too much TV is always bad for children.( )
the most useful
later
latest
thinner
thinnest
easier
easiest
more useful
√
√
×
考点2 考查形容词、副词的用法【例2】选择合适的单词填空。　　Yao Ming is a 　　　　　　 basketball player. He plays basketball　　　　　　. 　　解析：good 是形容词，well是副词。形容词修饰名词， 放在名词之前；副词放在动词之后，也起修饰作用。 　　答案：good；well
【例3】在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。　　Is the box light or 　　　　　　？ 　　解析：选择疑问句的选项是一组反义词，light 在此意为“轻的”，故其反义词为“heavy”。　　答案： heavy
举一反三 1. 在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。 (1)The days are long in summer and the nights are 　 　. (2)The dictionary is thick， but the exercise book is 　 　. (3)It is cold in winter but it's very 　　 in summer. 2. 选词填空。 (1)She is a 　 　 girl. (2)My book is 　 　 than yours. (3)How 　 　 the rain is！ (4)Can you give me a 　 　 answer？
short
thin
hot
lovely
newer
heavy
cleverer
考点3 考查形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法【例4】用所给单词的适当形式填空。　　Amy sings .Sarah sings than Amy.Chen Jie sings in our school. (well)　　解析：此题考查副词比较等级的用法。第一句话陈述一般性事实，没有相互之间的比较。因而用副词原级well修饰动词sing。第二句有than这个比较级标志，此句空格上应填well的比较级better来修饰动词sing。第三句中有表范围的介词in our school，此句修饰sing的副词应是well的最高级best。　　答案：well；better；best
【例5】请将下面的两句话合并成一句。　　I'm 11 years old. My sister is 8 years old. 　　　　　解析： 此题中的两个句子给出的是一组对比关系，所以，可以用比较级句式将其组合成一句话。 　　答案： I'm 3 years older than my sister./My sister is 3 years younger than me.
举一反三1. 单项填空。( )(1) Of all my family members, my brother is　　　. A. tall　　　 B. taller　　　　C. the tallest( )(2) Now Bob is 　　　 than he was. A. more careful B. much careful C. more carefully( )(3)The food smells 　　　. You can't eat it. A. delicious B. bad C. badly
C
A
B
2. 按要求改写句子，使句意不变。 (1) I'm 135 cm tall. My sister is 135 cm tall, too. (用同级表达)　 (2) Tom is 13 years old. Jim is 14 years old. (用比较级表达)　
I'm as tall as my sister. /My sister is as tall as me.
Tom is 1 year younger than Jim. /Jim is 1 year older than Tom.
过关检测
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级（省略the）。1. long _______ _______ 2. heavy ________ ________3. wide _______ _______ 4. brightly _____________ ____________5. fat _________ _________ 6. lovely ___________ ___________7. early _________ _________ 8. fast __________ __________9. slow _________ __________ 10. interesting________________ _______________
longer
longest
heavier
heaviest
wider
widest
more brightly
most brightly
fatter
fattest
more lovely
most lovely
earlier
earliest
faster
fastest
slower
slowest
more interesting
most interesting
11. much ______ ______ 12. hot _______ ________13. many ______ _______ 14. young _________ _________15. strong __________ ___________ 16. short _________ ___________17. well ________ ________18. good ________ ________19. thin ________ ________20. bad ________ ________
more
most
hotter
hottest
more
most
younger
youngest
stronger
strongest
shorter
shortest
better
best
better
best
thinner
thinnest
worse
worst
二、同义句转换。 1. Peter is taller than any other boys in his class. Peter is _____________ all the boys in his class. 2. Sarah has big schoolbag than mine. My schoolbag is___________ than Sarah’s. 3. He is 140 cm tall,his sister is 140 cm,too. His sister is ___________ him. 4. Her dress is much cheaper than mine. My dress is ______________ than hers.
the tallest of
smaller
as tall as
more expensive
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Lucy is ________ (thin) than her friend. 2. Winter is the _______ (cold) season of the year. 3. The ________ (cheap) bags are usually not the best ones. 4. It smells ________ (terrible). 5. Dick is _______ at music. And he also does _____ in sports.(well) 6. Things are getting ______ and ______.(bad) 7. Which is _______ (heavy), the elephant or the tiger? 8. I eat _____ (much) food than you.
thinner
coldest
cheapest
terrible
good
well
worse
worse
heavier
more
四、在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。 1. There isn’t much tea in the bottle. There is _____. 2. The desks aren’t dirty. They are _____. 3. Is he right or _______? 4. The small box is full of toys, but the big one is ______. 5. Mary’s coat is cheap, but her shoes are so __________.五、单项填空。 ( )1. This park is______ than that one. A. large B. larger C. largest ( )2. Mike jumps ______ than Mary. A. more high B. more higher C. much higher ( )3. My father is______ than my uncle. A. old B. older C. oldest ( )4. The desk is ______ , and the table is ______. A. big; bigger B. bigger; bigger C. big; biggest
little
clean
wrong
empty
expensive
B
C
B
A
( )5. Jenny sang the song______.A.happy B. happiness C. happily( )6. The school is ______ newer than that one.A. much B. many C. more( )7. You can see the hospital______ .A. easily B. easy C. more easy( )8. Of all my friends, Kate is ______ one.A. tall B. taller C. the tallest( )9. She can do it ______ me.A. as good as B. as well as C. so good as( ) 10. The joke is ______ funny. A. more B. so C. as
C
A
A
C
B
B
六、按要求完成下列句子。 1. 这本书跟那本书一样有用。（汉译英） This book is _____ _______ _____ that one. 2. 今天比昨天热得多。（汉译英） It is _______ _______ today _______ it was yesterday. 3. Sarah 是我们班最矮的学生。(汉译英） ______________________________________________ 4．I am 50 kg heavy. Sue is 50 kg heavy, too. (两句话合并为一句话) _________________________________________________ 5． The blue box is 5 kg. The white box is 6 kg. The black box is 7 kg. (三句话合并为一句话) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
as
useful
as
much
hotter
than
Sarah is the shortest student in our class.
I am as heavy as Sue./Sue is as heavy as me.
The black box is the heaviest of the three. /The blue box is the lightest of the three.
1. Amy is 3 _____ _________ than Susan. 2. John is 158 cm. He is _______ than Amy. But he is ________ than Susan. 3. —How ______ is Susan? —She is ______ cm. 4. John is ______ kg _______ than Amy. 5. Amy is _______ than John，but she is __________ than Susan.
years
younger
taller
shorter
tall
159
9
heavier
older
younger
七、根据下面表格中的信息补全句子。
第二章 词 类
第一节 名 词
知识梳理
一、名词的概念 表示人、物、事、时、地等实体或抽象概念的词叫作名词。二、名词的分类
可数名词的单数形式前面要用a / an, 表示特指的时候，前面要用the,谓语动词用单数形式。如： I can see a cat in the tree. Could you please give me an orange? The girl is a Chinese.2. 不可数名词不能按个数来计算，前面不能加 a / an, 但是特指时，也要加 the，在句子中谓语动词对应地要用单数形式。如：No news is good news. There is lots of rice in the bag. The milk in the bottle is fresh. 【注】不可数名词不能用 many 表示“许多”，而要用much 或者 lots of 等来表示。
3. 集体名词中有的词只能当复数看待。如：The Chinese people are hard-working. The police are looking for the lost boy. 【注】也有些集体名词被看作一个整体时，其谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，但若考虑构成这个集体的各个成员时，其谓语动词应用复数形式。这类词包括family， class， team， group等。如：My family is a large one. My family are watching TV now.
三、可数名词的复数变化规则1. 可数名词复数形式的规则变化。(1)一般情况下在末尾直接加s。如：map—maps, bag—bags(2)以s，x,，sh，ch结尾的名词，在末尾加es。如：bus—buses, box—boxes, dish—dishes, watch—watches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加es。如：family—families, fly—flies【注】以元音字母加y结尾的名词，y不变，直接在末尾加s。如： boy—boys, monkey—monkeys
(4)以o结尾的名词，变复数时, 一般情况下在末尾加s。如：photo—photos, piano—pianos, zoo—zoos【注】小学阶段有两个以o结尾的名词，变复数时，要在末尾加es。它们是：potato—potatoes, tomato—tomatoes(5)以f，fe结尾的名词，变f，fe为ves。如：half—halves,knife—knives,leaf—leaves,wolf—wolves2. 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化。(1)单复数同形。如：deer—deer,sheep—sheep,fish—fish
(2)oo变为ee。如：foot—feet,tooth—teeth,goose—geese【注】book, school等词变复数时，直接在末尾加s。 如：book—books， school—schools(3)a 变为e。如：man—men,woman—women【注】由man，woman 构成的复合词，也要如此变化。如：a man doctor—six men doctors,a woman teacher—nine women teachers(4)加词尾变复数。如： child—children, ox—oxen(5)特殊变化。如： mouse—mice
(6)表示国家、国民的名词变复数时，其变化规则有如下窍门：中日不变英法变，有man，woman 的变men, women(German除外)，其余后面加s。如:Chinese—Chinese Japanese—JapaneseEnglishman—Englishmen Englishwoman—EnglishwomenFrenchman—Frenchmen Frenchwoman—FrenchwomenAmerican—Americans German—Germans
四、不可数名词的计量方法1. 用much/some/a little/little/a lot of/lots of/plenty of+不可数名词。如：some watera little milka lot of money 2. 一般用“数字+计量单位+of+名词”来表示不可数名词的量。如：a piece of news two pieces of advice a glass of wine three cups of tea a drop of water 一滴水 three bottles of milk 【注】这种形式用在句子中，谓语动词的形式随量词的变化而变化。如：There are three cups of tea on the tea table. A drop of water drops on my head.
五、名词的所有格名词的所有格表示人或物的所属关系，意为“……(谁)的”。所有格的形式有以下几种：1. ’s属格由名词后加’s或 ’ 构成，多用来表示有生命的人或动物的所属关系。其用法如下：(1)用于有生命的名词之后。如：Mary ’s coat my sister ’s room the ducks ’ food【注】①若名词已是复数形式，词尾又是s，只加’。如: the girls’ dresses the boys’ ball
②若一样事物为两人共有，则在后一个人名用所有格表示。如：Amy and Ann’s mother 艾米和安的妈妈 (说明Amy和Ann是亲姐妹，她们的妈妈是同一个人)③如果不是两人共有，而是各自的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后的名词应为复数形式。如：Amy’s and Ann’s mothers艾米的妈妈和安的妈妈 (说明Amy和Ann不是亲姐妹)(2)用于表示天体的名词之后。如：the sun’s heat the moon’s light
(3)用于表示时间、度量与货币的名词之后。如：ten minutes’ walk today’s newspaper (4)用于表示店铺或某人的家时，所有格后面常不出现它所修饰的名词。如：the bakery’s 面包店 my grandparents’ 我爷爷奶奶的家
2. of属格名词+of+名词构成of属格， 多用来表示无生命的东西或事物的所属关系。如：a map of China the door of the house3. 双重属格of+名词’ s构成双重属格，表示整体中的一个或部分。如：a friend of my father ’ s(=one of my father ’ s friends) a lovely baby of Mrs Green ’ s
考点精析
考点1 考查可数名词与不可数名词的分类【例1】将方框内的名词按要求分类，并将其字母编号写在横线上。可数名词：　不可数名词：
A. monkey　B. book　C. student　D. milkE. baby F. rice G. paper H. weather
解析：此类题要求学生掌握可数名词与不可数名词的定义及其区分方法，知道可以直接用数量加以计算的是可数名词；液体、纸张、信息等物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。 答案：可数名词：A， B， C， E　不可数名词： D， F， G， H
举一反三 1. 给下列名词加上 a 或 an。 (1)　　 apple　　　 (2)　　 chair (3)　　 jeep (4)　　 eraser 2. 请将方框内的单词按所给的开头分类。 (1) a　　 (2) an　　 (3) some　
book　 photo　 egg　 appleT-shirt water juice watermelon
an
a
a
an
book　photo　T-shirt　watermelon
egg　apple
water　juice
3. 单项填空。( )(1)There is an 　　　 in the basket. A. orange　B. tomato　 C. potato( ) (2)Can I have 　　　 water？ A. a B. any C. some
A
C
考点2 考查名词的分类【例2】仿照例子，将下列单词分类。
解析：此类题考查学生对单词按含义或属性等方式分类的能力。 学生必须对单词的词义有充分的了解，才能将其准确归位。因而平时在记单词的时候，单词的词形、词音、词义及其用法都要用心记牢。 答案：
举一反三给下列单词分类。
Monday Friday Wednesday
Chinese English PE
yellow red green
elephant donkey fish
考点3 考查单词的单复数变化以及单词或词组的含义及运用【例3】用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。1. There are four (child) playing football.2. How many (knife) do you have? 解析:此类题考查名词的复数变化形式。本题的第1小题There are 后跟名词的复数形式。那么child通过不规则变化得到其复数形式children。第2小题How many后跟名词的复数形式。名词复数形式的规则变化有那么一条：以f或fe结尾的单词，把f或fe变为v，再加es，因此knife的复数形式是knives。 答案： 1. children 2. knives
举一反三1. 写出下列单词的复数形式。(1)family__________ (2)wolf__________(3)baby __________ (4)box__________(5)woman __________ (6)man__________(7)foot__________ (8)tooth__________(9)fish__________ (10)sheep__________(11)mouse__________ (12)bus__________
families
wolves
babies
boxes
women
men
feet
teeth
fish
sheep
mice
buses
【例4】根据句意或括号内的提示补全单词，完成句子。1. There are four __________(季节) in a year. 2. Three and four __________ seven. 3. The fifth month of a year is __________. 4. That blue bottle is __________ (Mike). 解析:名词使用在句子中时，要考虑的不只是单词的拼写，还要考虑该名词的量，也就是其单复数，以及名词所有格等信息。第1小题要填的单词前面有数量 four,可知要填单词的复数形式,而这往往是学生最容易疏漏的地方；第2小题Three 和four 所表示的都是大于1 的量，但是本题中 three and four 合成一个概念，意为
“三加四”， 作不可数名词理解；所以谓语用单数形式;第3小题是一个纯粹的词义解释题；第4小题The blue bottle 和Mike 不能对应，两者只能是所属关系，故要填所有格形式。 答案 ：1. seasons 2. is 3. May 4. Mike’s
举一反三2. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词，完成句子。(1)My mother bought many things in the s __________.(2)If you walk or drive on the road, you should know the t_________ rules. (3)The first month of the year is J _______. 3. 根据中文提示写单词或词组。 (1)The elephant has two long _____ (牙齿).(2)______________ (教师节) is on Sept.10. (3)I have lots of _____________________ (番茄和土豆) here.
upermarket
raffic
anuary
teeth
Teachers’ Day
tomatoes and potatoes
【例5】趣味英语选择。( )1. A word has all the 26 letters in it. It is“”. family B. book C. Alphabet( )2. Don’t play a double game. It’s not good. 画线部 分的中文意思是。A. 说双关语 B. 耍两面派 C. 玩双重游戏 解析:这类题类似于脑筋急转弯，题目可能以样的单选形式出现，也可能在短文阅读中出现。建议在平时的学习和阅读中多积累。 答案：1. C 2. B
举一反三4. 趣味英语填空。(1)—There is a saying（谚语），“Love me, love my dog.”What’s the Chinese meaning（意思）？—It’s ___________ (in Chinese).(2)Jim, Tom and Sam have seventeen apples. Jim wants one half（二分之一）of them. Tom wants one third（三分之一）of them. Sam wants one ninth（九分之一）of them. At last do you know how many apples Sam can get? He can get _____.
爱屋及乌
two
过关检测
一、写出下列名词的复数形式。class ________ 2. bus ________3. box ________ 4. leaf ________5. knife________ 6. baby ________7. factory________ 8. boy________9. tomato__________ 10. potato________
classes
buses
boxes
leaves
knives
babies
factories
boys
tomatoes
potatoes
11. photo ___________ 12. peach ________13. sheep ___________ 14. library________15. man ________ 16. woman________17. foot ________ 18. child ________
photos
peaches
sheep
libraries
men
women
feet
children
二、按要求各写四个名词。1. 职业： _______________________________________2. 动物： _______________________________________3. 蔬菜： _______________________________________4. 颜色： _______________________________________5. 国家： _______________________________________6. 地点： _______________________________________7. 交通工具： ___________________________________8. 课程： _______________________________________
doctor teacher student farmer
dog cat cow sheep
eggplant potato tomato carrot
red green yellow black
China America Canada Australia
school hospital library shop
bus car plane ship
Chinese English maths art(答案不唯一)
三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. There are some_________ (child) in the classroom.2. Is this an_________ (egg)?3. I can see seven_________ (wolf) in the zoo.4. Look!I have two_________ (box).5. How many_________ (sheep) are there in your farm?
children
egg
wolves
boxes
sheep
四、选出下列单词中不同类的一项。 （ ）1.A.panda B. tiger C. giraffe D. pencil（ ）2.A.schoolbag B. ruler C. plane D. eraser（ ）3.A.foot B. hand C. teacher D. ears（ ）4.A.guitar B. violin C. piano D.student（ ）5.A.sunny B.Monday C.Tuesday D.Friday（ ）6.A.tomorrow B.yesterday C.today D.summer（ ）7.A.doctor B.nurse C.zebra D.policeman（ ）8.A.banana B.bike C.apple D.watermelon（ ）9.A.mouth B.leg C.eye D.nose（ ）10.A.airport B.rainy C .museum D.hospital
D
C
C
D
A
D
C
B
B
B
五、单项填空。 ( )1. My name is .A. Wang Xiao Lin B. Wang Xiaolin C. wang xiao lin( )2. All the in the hospital got a rise last month.A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors( )3. —Are there any on the farm?—Yes, there are some.A. Horse B. duck C. sheep ( )4. Mike hurt one of his in the accident(意外) yesterday.A. Tooth B. feet C. hand( )5. My mother is doctor. A. a B. an C. the
B
C
C
B
A
( )6. They are thirsty. Give them .A. some bottles of waters B. some water C. a water( )7. The police helpful.A. is B. are C. am( )8. The class having a maths class in the classroom now.A. is B. are C. be( )9. My brother is reading .today’s a newspaper B. today’s newspaperC. today of newspaper( )10. The girl is Susan. She is .a friend of my sister B. my sister’s a friendC. a friend of my sister’s
B
B
B
B
C
( )11. There are three and seven in the picture.A. cows; sheeps B. cow; sheeps C. cows; sheep( )12. Chen Jie is .A. mine friend B. a friend of my C. a friend of mine( )13. My skirt is so pretty. A. sister B. sisters C. sister’s( )14. Mr Green is father. A. Jim and Jack’s B. Jim’s and Jack’s C. Jims and Jacks( )15. rooms are both very pretty.A. Kate’s and Joan’s B. Kate’s and Joan C. Kate and Joan’s
C
C
C
A
A
( )16. I want to buy .two bottles of ink B. two bottle of inksC. two bottles of inks( )17. “My sister has a sweet tooth”. 中“has a sweet tooth”的意思是“ ”。A. 有一颗甜牙 B. 有一颗蛀牙 C. 喜欢吃甜食 ( )18. John’s bedroom is at sixes and sevens. 画线部分的意思是“ ”。A. 六神无主 B. 乱七八糟 C. 整整齐齐( )19. What’s the Chinese meaning(意思) for “six of one and half a dozen(一打) of the other”?A. 半斤八两 B. 六分之一 C. 人云亦云( )20. What’s the Chinese meaning for“A close mouth catches no flies”?A. 闭嘴不吃苍蝇 B. 别说话 C. 病从口入
A
C
B
A
C
六、按要求改写下列句子。1. This woman is a nurse. (用复数形式改写句子)These __________ ________ _________. 2. There are some old cars behind the house. (用单数形式改写句子)There _____ _____ old _____ behind the house. 3. He has a new book. (用复数形式改写句子)_______ _______ new _______. 4. Are these your English-Chinese dictionaries? (用单数形式改写句子)_____ ________ your English-Chinese ____________?5. Is there a sheep on the hill? (用复数形式改写句子)_____ there _____ ________ on the hill?
women
are
nurses
is
an
car
They
have
books
Is
this
dictionary
Are
any
sheep
第三章 句 型
第二节 疑问句
知识梳理
一、疑问句的概念、分类　　疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。它分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句四种。在书写时句末用问号。 如：一般疑问句：Is this your classroom? 特殊疑问句：What is your name? 选择疑问句：Is your friend a boy or a girl? 反义疑问句：You like English very much, don’t you?
二、一般疑问句　　1. 一般疑问句的概念 一般疑问句通常用来询问一件事情是否属实，答句通常由“yes”或“no”引导，所以一般疑问句又称作“是非问句”，即“Yes/No questions”。　　2. 将陈述句改为一般疑问句的方法　　(1) 当句中含有be动词、情态动词时，只要把这些词提前至句首，再将句号改为问号即可。　　如：He is from England.→Is he from England? 　　They are working hard. →Are they working hard? 　　Mike and John were sick last week.→Were Mike and John sick last week?
【注】①将陈述句改为疑问句的时候，一般要将第一人称改为第二人称。　　如：I am doing my homework. →Are you doing your homework? He is our new teacher. →Is he your new teacher? 　　②对一般疑问句的回答要简洁，在yes，no之后，要用人称代词来代替问句中的主语。　　如：—Were Mike and John sick last week? —Yes, they were.
(2) 当谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上相应的助动词do，does或did，加上这些助动词后，句子中的谓语动词必须用原形。 如：I go to school by subway. →Do you go to school by subway? Mike likes swimming. →Does Mike like swimming? My mother read a magazine yesterday afternoon. →Did your mother read a magazine yesterday afternoon?
（3）在把陈述句变成一般疑问句的时候，若句中有some，something，somebody等词，要将之变成any，anything，anybody等。 如：There is some water in the glass.→Is there any water in the glass? Somebody is waiting for you near the gate. →Is anybody waiting for me near the gate?　　【注】当some 是某些固定搭配词组的组成部分时，则无须变化。这样的词组包括do some shopping,do some cleaning, do some washing, do some reading等。　　如：I do some shopping with my aunt on Saturday. →Do you do some shopping with your aunt on Saturday?
三、特殊疑问句　　1. 特殊疑问句的概念　　以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句，叫作特殊疑问句。常见的特殊疑问词包括：what(什么)，when(什么时候)，where(哪里)，why(为什么)，how(怎么样)，which(哪一个)，who(谁)，whose(谁的), 另外还有一些特殊疑问词组，如：what time(什么时间)，what colour(什么颜色)，what size(什么尺码)，how many/much(多少)，how long (多长)，how often(多久)等。
　　2. 常见的疑问词（组）及其用法　　(1)what：用于对指物的名词或动词短语提问。　　如：This is an orange. →What is this? 　　I am going to play the guitar. →What are you going to do?　　(2) when：用于对时间提问。　　如：I read English early in the morning. →When do you read English? 　　John went to the cinema at 8:00 last night.→When did John go to the cinema last night? 　　(3) where：用于对地点提问。　　如：I study in Chaoyang Primary School. →Where do you study?
　　(4)why：用于对事情的原因提问。　　如：I go to work by subway because it is fast. →Why do you go to work by subway?　　(5)how：用于对方式或程度等提问。　　如：I go to school on foot. →How do you go to school? 　　(6)which：用于对名词前的修饰词提问，而且必须和名词连用。　　如：I want the big backpack. →Which backpack do you want?　　The woman with a handbag is Miss Green. →Which woman is Miss Green?　　The taller man is Mr Black. →Which man is Mr Black?
(7)who：用于对人提问，作宾语时可用whom代替。 如：My sister is drawing a horse. →Who is drawing a horse? I often play with Lucy after school. →Who/Whom do you often play with after school?　　 【注】用who 对主语提问时，后面的谓语动词或助动词一般要用第三人称单数形式。 　　(8) whose：用于对物主代词和名词所有格提问，通常和名词连用。　　如：Mike’s coat is on the chair. →Whose coat is on the chair?
(9) what time：用于对时刻提问。 如：It’s 6:40 now. →What time is it now? (10)what colour:用于对颜色提问。 如： The curtain is yellow. → What colour is the curtain? (11) how many：用于对可数名词的数量提问。 如：I see two hundred rabbits on the farm. →How many rabbits do you see on the farm? There is one duck in the river. →How many ducks are there in the river? 　　【注】how many必须接名词的复数形式。
(12) how much：用于对价格提问，以及对不可数名词的数量提问。 如：The pen is 12 yuan. →How much is the pen? I bought 2 bottles of juice. →How much juice did you buy? (13)how long：用于对长度提问；how tall：用于对高度提问；how heavy：用于对重量提问。 如：The ruler is 2 metres long. →How long is the ruler？ Mike is 158 cm tall. →How tall is Mike? I’m 51 kg. →How heavy are you?
(14)how often：用于对时间频率提问。 如：I water the flowers once a day. →How often do you water the flowers? (15)how far：用于对距离提问。 如：It’s about two kilometres from here to the country.→How far is it from here to the country? (16)对日期、星期几、天气等提问，则分别用： 问日期：What’s the date today? 问星期几：What day is it today? 问天气：What’s the weather like today?
四、选择疑问句　　选择疑问句提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择。这类疑问句由两部分组成：疑问句+选项A or 选项B？　　如：Is your pen pal a boy or a girl?　　Do you like playing football，basketball or baseball?　　Which flower do you like, the pink one or the purple one?　　【注】一般的选择疑问句不能用“yes”或“no”回答，而要选择回答。如：　　—Is your pen pal a boy or a girl?　　—A girl. 但是，也有例外。如：—Shall we walk or go by bus? 　　—No, we shall go by taxi.
五、反义疑问句　　1. 反义疑问句的概念　　反义疑问句是对陈述句所叙述的事实提出看法，问对方是否同意。　　2. 反义疑问句的结构反义疑问句由两部分组成：陈述句+简略问句。　　（1） 如果前一部分为肯定形式，则后一部分用否定形式。　　（2）如果前一部分为否定形式，则后一部分用肯定形式。
3. 反义疑问句的用法　（1） 一般来说，简略问句中的主语人称、数和动词的时态要与陈述句中的主语人称、数和动词的时态相一致，并且在简略问句部分一定要用人称代词来代替前面所说的人或事物。　 如：Mary likes reading, doesn’t she?　 You aren’t a new student, are you? 　（2）如果陈述句中有be动词或情态动词，则其简短问句要用同一个词。　 如：He can swim, can’t he?　 Your mother is a teacher, isn’t she? 　（3） 陈述部分是there be句型时，简略问句部分也用there be。　 如：There are some people in the room, aren’t there?
考点精析
考点1 考查特殊疑问词（组）的运用【例1】从How many,How much,How often,How far,How old中选择适当的疑问词组填空　　1. — is the doll?—It’s 20 dollars. 　　2. — is it from Guangzhou to Shenzhen? —About 2 hours by car. 　　3. — birds can you see in the tree?—13. 　　4. — do you do sports?—Three times a week. 　　5. — is the plant?—It’s one month old.
解析：本题考查how 引导的特殊疑问词组所构成的特殊疑问句。这要求学生熟记各疑问词组的意思和用法， 同时根据答句分析选择是关键。第1小题答句中的20 dollars 涉及价钱； 第2小题答句About two hours by car 与路程相关；第3小题一个简单的13回答的是数量；第4小题Three times a week 说的是频率；第5小题 one month old 与年龄相关。 　　答案：1. How much 2. How far 3. How many 4. How often 5. How old
举一反三 1. 用适当的特殊疑问词组填空。 (1) —_____________ is your backpack？　 —Blue. (2) —_________ do you get up at the weekend？　 —At 8：00. (3) —__________ do you wear？　 —I wear Size L. (4) —___________ is it today？　 —It's Friday.
What colour
What time
What size
What day
2. 用适当的疑问词填空。 (1) —_________bike is that？ 　 —Mike's. (2) —_________ is my mobile phone？　 —Is it on the sofa？ (3) —_________ is your father？　 —He's fine. (4) —_________ umbrella is yours？ 　 —The blue one. (5) —_________ do you like summer？　 —Because I can go swimming then.
Why
Whose
Where
How
Which
考点2 考查陈述句与疑问句的句型转换【例2】 按要求完成下列句子。　 1． Mike takes a bus to school. （改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答）　 2． She is a nurse.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答）　 3． My schoolbag is red（就画线部分提问）
　　解析：第1小题考查的是含行为动词的陈述句变为一般疑问句的方法。要特别注意行为动词的三单形式变问句时需要在句首加助动词does，而后面用原形动词； 回答的时候，在yes或者no之后要用人称代词来代替原句中的人或事物。第2题考查的是一般疑问句的改写方法。简单地讲，如果陈述句中有be动词、have、助动词或情态动词，直接将其提到句首，句末句点变为问号即可；如果没有，则需要在句首加上助动词（如do / does / did等）才能将陈述句转变成一般疑问句。如果陈述句主语是第一人称，提问时要将其变为
第二人称，谓语动词也要做出相应的变化。因此，在第2小题中的陈述句可以改成这样的一般疑问句：Is she a nurse?否定回答是：No,she isn’t.第3题考查特殊疑问句的用法，题中的画线部分表示颜色，对颜色提问应该用what colour,再套用“疑问词+一般疑问句”这一特殊疑问句的结构形式，本题的答案应该是：what colour is your schoolbag?　　答案：1.—Does Mike take a bus to school?—Yes, he does. 2.—Is she a nurse?—No, she isn’t. 3.What colour is your schoolbag?
【例3】将下列反义疑问句补充完整， 并作肯定回答。—My grandpa likes reading, ______________?—______________________________________解析:反义疑问句的简略问句部分的人称和谓语动词必须和主句的保持一致, likes 对应的助动词是does， 且要用人称代词he代替my grandpa. 答案：doesn’t he; Yes, he does.
【例4】就画线部分提问。1. The blue skirt is Amy’s. ________________________________________2. The blue skirt is Amy’s. ________________________________________解析:本题考查就画线部分提问，画线部分就是将陈述句改成特殊疑问句的提问点，也就是决定选择哪个特殊疑问词。第1小题中的blue其实是要加入the blue用于指定名词的性质，也就是找“哪一个（which）”的问题； 第2小题中的Amy’s 是说明物主，即要找是“谁的（whose）”东西的问题。答案：1. Which skirt is Amy’s? 2. Whose is the blue skirt?
举一反三 1. 将下列句子改为一般疑问句。 (1) Jack is a Canadian boy.　_______________________________________ (2) Mary comes from America. 　_______________________________________ (3) They do morning exercises every day. 　_______________________________________
Do they do morning exercises every day？　
Is Jack a Canadian boy？
Does Mary come from America？
2. 将下列句子改为反义疑问句。 (1) Jane and Amy are in the same class.　_______________________________________　_______________________________________ (2) We won't go with our parents. 　_______________________________________ (3) My uncle plays football every Monday afternoon. 　_______________________________________　_______________________________________
My uncle plays football every Monday afternoon， doesn't he？　
Jane and Amy are in the same class，aren’t they？
We won’t go with our parents， will we？
3. 就画线部分提问。 (1) I can run with you. 　_______________________________________ (2) The pair of shoes is 98 yuan. 　_______________________________________ (3) Jason wants the brown coat. 　_______________________________________
Which coat does Jason want？
What can you do？
How much is the pair of shoes？
过关检测
1. 单项填空。( )1. —_____ is your shirt? —It’s black and white. A. What B. What colour C. Which ( )2. —_____ room is it? —It’s the twins’. A. What B. Which C. Whose( )3. —_____ room is the twins’? —The pink one. A. What B. Which C. Whose( )4. _____you like some milk? A. Are B. Can C. Would
B
C
B
C
( )5. — _____cups of tea do you want? —Two. A. How many B. How much C. How far( )6. — _____tea do you want? —Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How far( )7. Will she _____ tomorrow? A. come B.comes C. coming( )8. _____ you _____ swimming this Saturday？ A. Will； go to B. Will； go C. Will； going( )9. —_____? —It’s five. A. What day is it B. What time is it C. How much is it( )10. How many _____ can you see? A. bird B. birds C. birdes
A
B
A
B
B
B
二、用适当的疑问词（组）填空。1. —_______ book is on the chair?—Mike’s. 2. —_______ book is Mike’s?—The one on the chair. 3. —_______ is Mike’s book?—On the chair. 4. —_____________ is the bag?—Blue. 5. —__________ is the bag?—180 yuan. 6. —________How old is your father?—He’s 40. 7. —_______How is Mike?—He’s not well. 8. —_______Which girl is Amy?—The girl in red. 9. —_______Whose is the red Tshirt?—Amy’s. 10. —_____________ do you water the flowers? —Twice a week.
Whose
Which
Where
What colour
How much
How old
How
Which
Whose
How often
三、将下列陈述句改为一般疑问句。1. I’m putting on my clothes._____ _____ putting on _____ clothes?2. She leaves home very early._____ she _____ home very early?3. My sister often does her homework at home._____ your sister often _____ her homework at home?4. He is two years older than his sister._____ _____ two years older than his sister?5. Tom has lunch at school every day. _____ Tom _____ lunch at school every day?6. I did my homework at school yesterday._____ you _____ _____ homework at school yesterday?
Are
you
your
Does
leave
Does
do
Is
he
Does
have
Did
do
your
四、把下列句子改为反义疑问句。1. There’re more than ten pandas on the hill. There’re more than ten pandas on the hill, _______ _______?2. You like listening to soft music. You like listening to soft music, _______ _____?3. She isn’t the best one in the class. She isn’t the best one in the class, _____ _____?4. Everything goes well. Everything goes well, _________ _____?5. Mike came here by bike. Mike came here by bike, ________ _____?
aren’t
there
don’t
you
is
she
doesn’t
it
didn’t
he
五、就画线部分提问。1． She does exercise at home in the evening._____ _____ she _____ at home in the evening? 2. He’s going to a party on Saturday evening. _____ _____ he going to a party?3. The children will work on the farm._____ _____ _____ on the farm?4. The woman in red coat is her mother. _______ _______is her mother? 5. She writes to her parents once a week. _____ _____ _____ she write to her parents?
What
does
do
When
is
Who
will
work
Which
woman
How
often
does
6. She is going to read a book this Sunday._____ _____ she _______ _____ _____ this Sunday?7. My sister is doing her homework._____ _____ your sister _______?8. Bill goes to Sydney by plane._____ _____Bill _____ to Sydney?9. I’m going to the zoo because I want to see the baby panda. _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ the zoo?10. The sun shines, and the water becomes vapour._____ _____ the water become vapour?
What
is
going
to
do
What
is
doing
How
does
go
Why
are
you
going
to
How
does
第三章 句 型
第三节 there be句型
知识梳理
一、there be句型的概念　　there be句型也被称作“存在句”，表示某处有某物，或某时有某事。be动词受人称、时态等影响。 　　如：There is an apple on the table. 　　There is some apple juice in the bottle.　　There are many people in the street. 　　There was some milk in the fridge yesterday, but now there is little. 　　There were five toy buses in the living room. 　　There will be a football match this Sunday.
在小学阶段，there be句型的重点是be动词的is和are两种形式。　　【注】there be句型中be动词用单数形式还是复数形式由最靠近be动词的名词来决定。　　如：There is an apple and two oranges on the table. There are two oranges and an apple on the table.
二、there be句型的结构　　1. 肯定形式　　（1）There is+a/an+可数名词单数形式+地点.　　 如：There is a map on the wall. 　　 There is an egg in the bowl. 　　（2）There is some+不可数名词+地点.　　 如：There is some water in the bottle. 　　（3）There are+可数名词复数形式+地点.　　 如：There are four people in my family.　　（4）There is/are+名词+地点+时间.　　 如：There is a kite show in the park on Sunday.
　　2. 否定形式　　直接在be动词之后加not。　　如：There is not(isn’t) a map on the wall.　　 There are not（aren’t）any students on the playground. 　　3. 一般疑问句形式　　将be动词前置，陈述句就变成了一般疑问句，句号改为问号。回答用“yes”或“no”。　　如：—Is there a map on the wall?　　 —Yes, there is. /No, there isn’t. 　　 —Are there any students on the playground? 　　 —Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
4. 特殊疑问句形式 there be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： (1)What’s+地点？ 如：There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? There are five boats on the lake. →What’s on the lake? 　　【注】“What’s+地点”的句型结构不受单复数的影响，且there 在问句中不出现。
(2)Who’s+地点？ 如：There is an old woman in the old house. →Who’s in the old house? (3)How many+名词的复数形式+are there+地点？ 如：There are 48 students in my class. →How many students are there in your class? There is only one rabbit on the grass. →How many rabbits are there on the grass?　　 【注】如果名词是可数名词，无论其数量是1还是大于1，一律都用“How many+可数名词的复数形式+are there…?”提问。 (4)How much+不可数名词+is there+地点？ 如：There are 3 bottles of milk in the fridge. →How much milk is there in the fridge?
5. 反义疑问句形式 there be句型的反义疑问句的简略问句部分，也要用there be的疑问句形式。 如：There is a cup on the table, isn’t there? There is some orange in the glass, isn’t there? There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, aren’t there? 6. there be句型和have / has的区别 there be表示“某处有什么”；have/has表示“某人/物有什么”。 如：There is a car on the road. I have a car. My father has a car.
考点精析
考点1 考查there be 句型中be 动词的使用【例1】单项填空。 （ ）1.There some_____ juice in my glass. A.is B.are C.be （ ）2.There_____ an egg and four apples on the plate. A.are B.be C.is （ ）3.There_____ some candies in her bag. A.are B.is C.am
解析：本题考查there be句型中系动词be的用法。第1小题中，虽然juice一词前有some修饰，但juice是不可数名词，谓语动词be应该是is。第2小题的主语“an egg and four apples”，虽然是复数，但依据就近一致原则，be动词应使用is，使它和an egg 保持一致。如果此小题的主语顺序改为“four apples and an egg”，那么be动词就是应使用are。第3小题中的candies是复数名词，因此be动词要用are。　　答案：1.A 2.C 3. A
举一反三用there be 的适当形式填空。1. _______ a cat in the tree. 2. _______ a cat and a kite in the tree. 3. _________ two birds flying in the sky. 4. _________ a clean river here 20 years ago. 5. ____________ a match between China and Japan next Friday.
　 　
There is
There is
There are
There was
There will be
考点2 考查there be句型的运用【例2】单项填空。(　　)1. How many people 　　　 in your family？ A.do you have　　 B. are there C. have you(　　)2. —Are there 　　　 bridges over the river？ —Yes， there are　　　. A.some； some B. any； some C. any； any
　　解析：本题考查there be句型的运用。第1小题，在英语中要表达家里有几个人，多用there be 句型；第2小题考查的是there be句型中some 与any 的用法，any 用于一般疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。　　答案：1. B　2. B
举一反三1. 单项填空。( )(1)There 　　　 24 apples in the box. A. be　　　B. have　　　C. are ( )(2)There isn't 　　　 juice in the fridge， but there is 　　　 milk. A. some； some B. some； any C. any； some2. 选择正确的词（组）填空。
C
C
(1)There 　　　 seven days in a week.(2)There 　　　 a dog and two cats under the tree.(3)There 　　　　 a picture show in the museum tomorrow.(4)There 　　　 some books in my desk.(5)There 　　　 some milk in the bottle.
are
is
will be
are
is
考点3 考查there be句型的句型转换【例3】按要求改写下列句子。1. There is some milk in the box. (改为否定句)_______________________________________________2. There is a ball and two shoes under the chair. (就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________解析：本题考查there be句型的句型转换。第1小题there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not即可，同时注意some要改为any; 第2小题，对there be 之后的名词或名词词组提问时，无论名词是单数形式还是复数形式，都是用“What’s+地点？”提问。答案：1. There isn’t any milk in the box. 2. What’s under the chair?
举一反三按要求改写下列句子。1. There is some water in the bottle. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________2. I have a clock on the desk. (用there be 句型改写句子)_______________________________________________3. There are seven apples on the desk. (就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________4. There is only one car near the house. (就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________
There isn’t any water in the bottle.
There is a clock on the desk.
What’s on the desk?
How many cars are there near the house?
过关检测
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。1. There _____ some bread in the fridge.2. There _____ some bottles of water.3. There _____ some bread in the fridge yesterday.4. _____ there any apples on the tree?5. _____ there any meat on the plate?6. There _____ many fish in the river many years ago.7. There _____ a ruler and two pens on the desk.8. There will _____ a football match in my school tomorrow.9. _____ there a party at school last Saturday?10. There _____ some good news for you.
is
are
was
Are
Is
were
is
be
Was
is
二、单项填空。( )1. There _____ a bicycle, two buses and three jeeps behind the building. A. be B. is C. are( )2. There are _____ interesting comic books in the school library. A. an B. some C. any( )3. There_____ a bird in the tree yesterday afternoon. A. is B. was C. were( )4. There_____ any news in today’s newspaper. A. is B. isn’t C. aren’t( )5. I _____ many good friends in Beijing. A. there are B. have C. has
B
B
B
B
B
( )6. —_____ is in the box? —A book. A. What B. Where C. Who( )7. There is_____ tea in the glass. A. a B. lots of C. any( )8. There _____ some homework today. A. is B. isn’t C. are( )9. Who _____ a cat at home? A. have B. has C. is( )10. A cat and a bird _____ in the tree. A. there are B. have C. are
A
B
A
B
C
三、选择正确的词(组)填空。1. _________ a big sofa in the living room.2. The table _________ four legs.3. _________ several pages in the book.4. The book _________ many pages.5. We _________ a new classmate.6. _________ some fish in the river.7. He and I _________ a music teacher.8. _________ some orange juice in the glass.9. _________There are a lot of animals in the zoo.10. A bird _______ two wings.
There is
has
There are
has
have
There are
have
There is
There are
has
四、按要求改写下列句子。1. There are some pandas in the mountain. (改为否定句)_______________________________________________2. There is some coffee in the cup. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)—_____________________________________________— _____________________________________________3. There is a pen and a book in my bag. (就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________4. There are four people in my family. (就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________5. There are many tall buildings in the city. (改为反义疑问句)_______________________________________________
There aren’t any pandas in the mountain.
Is there any coffee in the cup?
Yes, there is.
What’s in your bag?
How many people are there in your family?
There are many tall buildings in the city, aren’t there?
五、根据问句选答句。( )1.Is there a dog under the chair?( )2.What’s in your pencil case?( )3.How many people are there in your family?( )4.What can you see in the picture?( )5.Are there any people in the living room?
B
C
E
A
D
六、将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答。1.There are many erasers in my schoolbag.______________________________________________________________________________________________2.There are two birds in the tree.____________________________________________________________________________________________3.There are some teachers in the teachers’s office.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.There is a park behind our school.____________________________________________________________________________________________
—Are there many erasers in your schoolbag?
—Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.
—Are there two birds in the tree?
—Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.
—Are there any teachers in the teachers’office?
—Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.
—Is there a park behind your school?
—Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.
第三章 句 型
第四节 祈使句
知识梳理
一、祈使句的概念　　祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句因对象(主语)是第二人称，通常省略主语。祈使句的时态都为一般现在时，句末可以用感叹号来表达比较强烈的语气，也可以用句点结尾。　　如：命令：Go and wash your hands！　　请求：Be quiet, please. / Please be quiet. 　　劝告：Be kind to your friends. 　　警告：Watch your steps. 　　禁止：Keep off the grass！
二、祈使句的结构　　1. 动词原形+其他成分。如：Sit down, please.　　【注】有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，可省略动词。如: Go this way, please. =This way, please.　　2. Be+名词短语或形容词+其他成分。　　如：Be careful!　　Be a good boy!　　3. Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。　　如: Let me help you.　　Let’s clean our classroom. 　　　　【注】有时为了加强语气，可在动词之前加do。　　如：Do be careful!　　 Do let Mary water the flowers.
三、祈使句的否定形式　　1． 以动词原形和be 动词开头的祈使句，都是在句首加don’t。　　如: Don’t forget me!　　 Don’t be late for school! 　　2． let开头的祈使句的否定形式有两种：　　（1）Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。　　（2）Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。　　如: Don’t let him go. =Let him not go.　　3. No开头的祈使句表示禁止。如: No smoking!
四、祈使句的反义疑问句形式　　1． 一般情况下，简略问句用will you或 won’t you。　　如：Have a rest, will you?　　 Stand up, will(won’t) you? 　　2. let’s开头的祈使句，表示说话人向对方提出建议时，简略问句用shall we。　　如：Let’s have a cup of tea, shall we?　　3. let me或 let us表示向听话人提出请求，简略问句用will you。　　如：Let me have a rest, will you?　　 Let us know your name, will you?
考点精析
考点 考查祈使句的运用【例1】给下列标志选择适当的标志语。（填字母编号） 1. __________　 2. __________ 　 3. __________ 解析：本题考查根据图片选择适当的祈使句。祈使句最常见的用法就是用在警示牌上。本题三个选项代表三种祈使句形式。　　答案：1. C 2. B 3. A
【例2】根据所提供的场景写出正确的祈使句。 1. 有几个孩子在马路上踢足球，你会对他们说：_____________________________________________2. 有小朋友在无人监管的河里游泳，你会对他们说：_____________________________________________　　 解析：本题考查祈使句的日常用法。注意口语表达的时候，禁止类祈使句多用Don’t 形式。答案： 1. Don’t play football on the road. 2. Don’t swim in the river.
　 　
举一反三 1. 判断下列句子是否是祈使句， 是的打“ √ ”，不是的打“×”。 (1) Look out！( ) (2) How nice！( ) (3) Let's go hiking.( ) (4) What a lovely girl！( ) (5) Wash your hands before meals.( )
√
√
√
×
×
2. 将下列句子改为祈使句。 (1) You must not look out of the window. 　__________________ the window. (2) You may let the children play the piano. 　_______________ play the piano. (3) You shouldn't drive too fast. 　_______________ too fast.
Don't drive
Don’t look out of
Let the children
3. 根据所提供的场景写出正确的祈使句。(1) 邀请朋友做客，你想请他吃苹果，你会说：　 _______________________________________ 　(2) 你想邀请朋友一起下棋，你会说：　 _______________________________________ 　(3) 你让一个想要进入草坪的小朋友别践踏草坪，你会说： ________________________________ 　
Keep off the grass.
Have an apple， please！
Let's play chess together.
过关检测
一、看图，根据图片选出相应的祈使句。（填字母编号）1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
C
A
E
B
D
二、将下列句子改为祈使句。1. You mustn’t play on the road.____________________________________________2. You can’t eat in the computer room.____________________________________________3. You must stop at a red light. ____________________________________________4. You mustn’t be late for school. ____________________________________________5. Everyone mustn’t smoke here. ____________________________________________
Don’t play on the road!
Don’t eat in the computer room!
Stop (Do stop) at a red light!
Don’t be late for school!
Don’t smoke here. /No smoking here!
三、单项填空。( )1. If you are tired, _____a rest. A. have B. having C. to have( )2. He is not honest(诚实). _____ believe him. A. Not B. Don’t C. Do( )3. _____ in the street. It’s dangerous. A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don’t play( )4. Please_____ me some money, will you? A. lend B. lending C. be lend( )5. _____ the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep
A
B
C
A
A
四、根据汉语意思翻译下列句子。1.请打开门。____________________________________________2.不要跑那么快!____________________________________________3.下次别迟到!____________________________________________4.不要坐在书包上。____________________________________________5.请看黑板。____________________________________________
Please open the door.
Don’t run so fast!
Don’t be late next time!
Don’t sit on the schoolbag.
Please look at the blackboard.
第三章 句 型
第五节 感叹句
知识梳理
一、感叹句的用法　　感叹句是用来抒发喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子，句末常用感叹号。　　如：How beautiful the dress is!　　What a clever boy!
二、感叹句的结构　　1． how引导的感叹句　　How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！　　如：How high the bird flies!　　 How fast the taxi driver drives!　　 How lovely the ducklings are!　　　　【注】在一些情境中，how引导的感叹句中的主语和谓语动词可以省略。　　如：How fast!　　 How beautiful!
2． what 引导的感叹句 （1）What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语！ 如: What a beautiful girl she is! What an interesting book it is! （2）What+形容词+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词+主语+谓语！ 如：What beautiful flowers they are! What hot weather it is!　　 【注】与how引导的感叹句一样，what 引导的感叹句之中的主语和谓语动词更多的时候被省略。 如：What a beautiful girl！ What an interesting book！ What hot weather!
3. 其他形式的感叹句 感叹句除了可以由what和how引导外，还有许多其他的形式，可以为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句，有时甚至一个单词或是一个短语也可以作为一个感叹句。 如：Fire！ Great！ Sorry, my mistake! I love you! 4. 有时，what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句可以互换。 如：How interesting the book is!=What an interesting book it is! How clever John is!=What a clever boy John is!
考点精析
考点1 考查感叹词what与how的运用【例1】根据所给图片和提示词写出恰当的感叹句。1._______________________________________2._______________________________________3._______________________________________
解析：本题考查学生对感叹句的实际运用能力。在实际运用中，一个句子往往既可以用how来引导，又可以用what来引导，有时句子还常常省略主语和谓语。因此，同一幅图片可以有很多种表达方式。解答此题时，要求学生仔细观察图片，抓住图片的某一方面表达自己的感情，注意要将句式运用正确。下面所给的答案仅供参考。　　答案：1. What a big elephant it is! / How big the elephant is!2. How fast he swims! 3.How old he is!
举一反三 1. 将下列句子归类。 A. Look at the blackboard！　　 B. What a helpful girl！　　　　 C. How nice！ D. Happy New Year！ E. Look out！ F. Wonderful！ (1) 祈使句： ______　(2) 感叹句： ___________ 2. 在句子前加上How或What，使之成为感叹句。 (1) _______ a clever boy！ (2) _______ beautiful the girl is! (3) _______ delicious food the fish is!！
A　E
B　C　D　F
What
What
How
考点2 考查感叹句的句型转换【例2】按要求改写下列句子。　　1. It is a big fish. (改为用what引导的感叹句) 　____________________________________　　2. These candies are so sweet. (改为用how引导的感叹句) 　______________________________________
解析：本题考查感叹句的句型转换，是常见的出题方式。只要记清楚what 和how引导的感叹句的结构即可。第2小题要注意感叹句中是不要出现so, very, much等修饰副词的。　　答案：1. What a big fish (it is)! 2. How sweet these candies are!
举一反三 按要求把下列句子改为感叹句。 1. It's a long day. (用what 引导) 　____________________________________ 2. Kate is listening to the teacher carefully. (用how 引导) 　______________________________________
What a long day (it is)！
How carefully Kate is listening to the teacher！　
过关检测
一、单项填空。( )1. _____ loudly she sings! A. What B. How C. What a( )2. _____nice the skirt is! A. What a B. How C. What( )3. _____ quiet the park is! A. What a B. What C. How( )4. _____ his father works! A. How careful B. How carefully C. What a careful
B
B
C
B
( )5. _____ old bike Li Lei is riding! A. What an B. What a C. How( )6. _____ good news it is! A. What a B. How C. What二、用what,what a(an)或how填空。1. Look! _______fast the boy is running!2. _______ cold day it was yesterday!3. _______ heavy the box is!I can’t carry it.4. _______ interesting story he told us!5. _______ nice the mooncakes are!6. _______What bad weather!7. _______ clever children all of you are!8. _______ important news that is!
C
A
How
What a
How
What an
How
What
What
What
9. _______ fast time flies!10. _______ beautiful flowers you bought me!三、按要求把下列句子改为感叹句。1.It’s a short ruler.（用what引导）_______ ____short ruler ____ ____ !2.Sarah is listening to her mother carefully.（用how引导）_______ _________Sarah ____ ________ ___ her mother!3.The flowers are beautiful.（用what引导）_______ _________ flowers they are!
How
What
What
a
it
is
How
carefully
is
listening
to
What
beautiful
4.These bananas are sweet!（分别用what和how引导）（1）_______ ______ these bananas _______!（2）_______ _______ bananas _______ _______!5.The dog is very cute.（分别用what和how引导）（1）_______ _______ cute dog!（2）_______cute the dog ____!
How
sweet
are
What
sweet
these
are
What
a
How
is
第三章 句 型
在英语中，根据句子用途的不同，可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。此外，there be句型作为一种特殊而重要的句型，在小学阶段也应注意掌握。
知识梳理
一、陈述句的概念　　陈述句是用来陈述事实或者说话人的看法的句子。它包括肯定句和否定句两种。在书写时句末用句点，在朗读时用降调。　　如：This is a nice book. ( ) Susan likes maths very much. ( ) My father doesn’t go to work on weekends. ( ) They aren’t going to climb the mountain this Saturday. ( )
第一节 陈述句
二、肯定句变否定句的基本方法　　1. 句中有be动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在be动词后加not。如：(1)I am in Grade Six this year. →I’m not(I am not) in Grade Six this year.(2)Mike is going to play football this afternoon. →Mike isn’t(is not) going to play football this afternoon. (3) These are red apples. →These aren’t(are not) red apples. (4) It was a fine day yesterday. →It wasn’t(was not) a fine day yesterday. (5) We were happy at that time. →We weren’t(were not) happy at that time.
2. 句中含有情态动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在情态动词后加 not。 如：(1) Peter can fly. →Peter can’t(can not) fly. (2) You should stop smoking now. →You shouldn’t(should not) stop smoking now. 3. 实义动词的否定句:谓语动词为行为动词的句子变为否定句时，要根据时态选用do的相应形式(do, does, did)，并在其后加 not。 如：(1)I like listening to music. →I don’t like listening to music. （2）My father likes playing sports. →My father doesn’t like playing sports.
(3) Grandma does housework every day. →Grandma doesn’t do housework every day. (4) He did his homework last night. →He didn’t do his homework last night.　　【注】加do not, does not或did not改为否定句以后，要把原句的动词改为动词原形，特别是当原句中的谓语动词是第三人称单数形式does或过去式did时，改为否定句一定要记得在doesn’t或didn’t之后加上do。
4. 几种特殊形式的否定句 (1) 肯定句中含有every的合成词时，变为否定句时将其改为no的合成词。 如：Everything is ready． →Nothing is ready． (2) 肯定句中含有always，usually或ever时，变为否定句时将其改为never。 如：He is always late for school． →He is never late for school． I usually go to the park on foot. →I never go to the park on foot. (3) 肯定句中含有many或much时，变为否定句时将其改为few或little。 如：Many students know him． →Few students know him． There is much milk in the bottle. →There is little milk in the bottle.
(4) 肯定句中含有both，both … and …或all时，变为否定句时将其改为neither，neither … nor …或none，并注意谓语动词要相应变化。 如：Both of us are students． →Neither of us is a student． Both you and I are right. →Neither you nor I am right. All the students are in the classroom. →None of the students is in the classroom. (5)“I think …”句式变为否定句时，只要在think之前加 don’t 即可。 如：I think you are right. →I don’t think you are right.
考点精析
考点1 考查陈述句基础句型的运用能力【例1】根据图片将句子补充完整，每空一词。 1.This ruler is _______________.2.They _________ _________ _________ .
解析：本题考查学生对陈述句基本句型的运用能力。第1小题的句子形式是：主语+系动词+表语。因此，横线上需要填上一个单词或短语对主语进行修饰或限定。第2题只给出了主语They,只要能根据图片内容写出符合图意的句子，并保证句子语句通顺和语法正确就可以了。　　答案：1. long2. like playing football / are playing football
举一反三 1. 改错，选出错误项的字母编号并改正在后面的横线上。 ( )(1)My brother is playing piano. A B C 　( )(2)Some boys comes in happily. A B C 　　　 　( )(3)It’s going to warm tomorrow. A B C 　
C
B
B
playing the piano
come in
be warm
2. 用括号内所给动词的适当填空。 (1) There _____ some bags in the room. The black one _____ mine. (be) (2) A horse _____ run, but it _____ fly. (can) (3) David always _____ his homework at 7:00 p. m.(do) (4) Look, the fish ______________ in the water. They are so cute.（swim）
are
is
can
can't
does
are swimming
考点2 考查陈述句的句式转换【例2】按要求转换句型。　1. Today is a rainy day. (改为否定句)　　2. He does sports three times a week. (改为否定句)　　　解析：本题考查肯定句和否定句的转换，要注意转换规则。第1小题中有be动词 is，则只需要在is之后加上not 即可；第2小题中没有be 动词，而是行为动词do的三单形式does，在改写否定句的时候，要先加上doesn’t, 然后再将原来的does 还原为do,放在does之后，这种题是最容易出错的。　　答案： 1. Today isn’t a rainy day. 2. He doesn’t do sports three times a week.
举一反三根据括号内动词的提示，将下列句子改为否定句。1.Sarah_____ (can)swim.2.I _____ (do) want to eat more candies.3.A tiger _____ (can) fly,but it can jump.4.You ________ (should) put on your jacket.5.You_______ (must) smoke here.6.It_______ (was)rainy yesterday.
can't
don't
can't
shouldn't
mustn't
wasn't
过关检测
1. 单项填空。( )1. My father_____ like apples. A． isn’t B. doesn’t C． don’t( )2. I _____ like pop music. A． isn’t B. doesn’t C． don’t( )3. I _____go to school yesterday. A． do B． don’t C． didn’t( )4. —What’s this? —_____ a book. A．That is B． It’s C． This ( )5. I _____ many birthday presents. A．am B． has C．have
B
C
C
B
C
( )6. My mother _____ badminton well. A．is play B．play C．plays( )7. I _____ free last Sunday. A．am B． did C．was( )8. The girl reads _____. A．loud B． loudly C．loudy( )9. My mother would like _____ some meat. A．buy B． buying C．to buy( )10. Here is a card _____ your father. A．in B． from C．to
C
C
B
C
B
二、将下列句子改为否定句，每空一词。1. This is a desk. This _____ a desk. 2. My sister can draw pictures. My sister _____ draw pictures.3. We do morning exercises every day． We _____ _____ morning exercises every day．4. Mike does his homework after dinner. Mike ________ _____his homework after dinner. 5. My grandparents did sports in the garden yesterday. My grandparents _______ _____ sports in the garden yesterday.
isn’t
can’t
don’t
do
doesn’t
do
didn’t
do
6． There is something wrong with my bike． There _____ ________ / _____ _________ wrong with my bike．7． Both Joan and I are in Class One. _______ Joan _____ I _____ in Class One．8． All of us can swim． _____ _____ _____ can swim．9． You can play basketball here. You _____ play basketball here．10． I think it is going to rain tomorrow． I _____ _____ _____ going to rain tomorrow．
isn’t
anything
is
nothing
Neither
nor
am
None
of
us
can’t
don’t
think
it’s
三、按要求改写下列句子。 1.This is a banana.（改为复数形式） _____________________________________ 2.There are some apples on the desk.（改为否定句） _____________________________________ 3.I feel bad last night.（改为同义句） _____________________________________ 4.I’m going to Beijing next week.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） _____________________________________ _____________________________________
These are bananas.
There aren’t any apples on the desk.
I didn’t feel well last night.
—Are you going to Beijing next week?—Yes, I am.
四、连词成句。 1. sister’s，my，shorter，hair，is，mine，than （.） ___________________________________________ 2. should，you，read，loudly，English （.） ___________________________________________ 3. there，some，noodles，are，the，an，egg，and， on，plate （.） ___________________________________________ 4. yesterday，feel，didn’t，well，I （.） ___________________________________________ 5. in，at，the，six，I，up，morning，usually，get （.） ___________________________________________
My sister’s hair is shorter than mine.
You should read English loudly.
There are some noodles and an egg on the plate.
I didn’t feel well yesterday.
I usually get up at six in the morning.
第四章 动词和时态
第二节 一般现在时
知识梳理
一、一般现在时的用法　　一般现在时表示经常性、规律性或习惯性的动作或状态。含有always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, every+时间词等时间状语的句子要用一般现在时。如果句子中的主语是第一、第二人称或其他复数形式的名词，动词用原形；如果主语是第三人称单数形式或其他表示单数概念的名词，动词用第三人称单数形式。 如：We finish our homework on time at home every day. He always goes to school at about 7:00 in the morning.
二、动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则　　1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加s。如：read—reads,play—plays 2. 以s, x, o, sh, ch结尾的动词，在词尾加es。如：go—goes，wash—washes 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改为i再加es。如：study—studies，fly—flies 4. 特殊形式：have—has，be—is
三、一般现在时的句型结构　　1. 含有be 动词的句子 (1)肯定句： 主语+be 动词+其他. 如：I'm 14 years old this year. (2)否定句：主语+be动词+not+其他. 如：I am not in Grade 4 this year. (3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他？ 如： Are you from America?
2. 含有第三人称单数形式实义动词的句子 (1)肯定句： 主语+实义动词的三单形式+其他. 如：Mike plays computer games every Saturday afternoon. (2)否定句：主语+does not(doesn't)+实义动词（原形）+其他. 如：Mike doesn't play computer games every Saturday afternoon. (3)一般疑问句：Does+主语+实义动词（原形）+其他？ 如：Does Mike play computer games every Saturday afternoon?
3. 含有原形实义动词的句子 (1)肯定句：主语+ 实义动词（原形）+其他. 如：We study in No.1 Primary School. (2)否定句：主语+do not(don't)+实义动词（原形）+其他. 如：We do not (don't)study in No.1 Primary School. (3)一般疑问句：Do+主语+实义动词（原形）+其他？ 如： Do you study in No.1 Primary School?
考点精析
考点1 考查一般现在时的动词形式【例1】用所给动词的适当形式填空。　　1. He ___________ (get) up at 7 o'clock every day. 2. What time _______ he ______ his homework?(do) 3. The sun _____________(go) down to the west.
　　解析:本题考查正确填写动词的形式。在做这类题的时候，要先判断句子的时态。第1、2小题分别体现经常性和习惯性，应该用一般现在时，而he是第三人称，故动词要用三单形式，助动词用does; 第3小题太阳西下是自然规律，用一般现在时。 答案：1. gets 2. does； do 3. goes
举一反三1. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 (1) become _________ (2) shine _________ (3) fly _________ (4) teach _________ (5) study _________ (6) have _________ 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (1) He often _______(have) dinner at home. (2) The boy always _________(teach) his sister maths after dinner. (3) We _____________(not watch) TV on Mondays. (4) Mike and his father sometimes _______(read) newspapers together. (5) Jack ___________(not ride) a bike to school on Fridays.
becomes
shines
flies
teaches
studies
has
has
teaches
don't watch
read
doesn't ride
考点2 考查有关一般现在时句子的句型转换【例2】按要求改写下列句子。　　1. Lucy and Lily usually go home together. (改为否定句)　________________________________________　　2. Mike often reads English in the morning. (改为一般疑问句) 　________________________________________　　3．We go swimming in summer. (就画线部分提问)　________________________________________
解析:本题三个句子都是一般现在时，在变否定句或一般疑问句的时候，我们要考虑借助助动词do或does。第1 小题主语Lucy and Lily 是复数名词，否定句加 don't, 要注意的是usually在否定句中要置于助动词之后，实义动词之前，或者也可以用否定词never 来整句改写；第2小题Mike是第三人称的主语，要用Does开头，其后的动词要用原形；第3小题中的go swimming是动词词组，也就是“做什么”的问题，用“What … do”的形式提问,同时注意we 要改成 you。 答案：1. Lucy and Lily don't usually go home together. / Lucy and Lily never go home together. 2．Does Mike often read English in the morning? 3. What do you do in summer?
举一反三 按要求改写下列句子。 1. Do you like playing basketball? (作肯定回答) _____________________________________ 2. My brother has many books. (改为否定句) _____________________________________ 3. He lives in the village near the mountain. (改为一般疑问句) _____________________________________ 4. Nancy comes from the USA. (就画线部分提问) _____________________________________
Yes， I do.
Where does Nancy come from？
Does he live in the village near the mountain？
My brother doesn't have many books.
过关检测
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1. sit ______ 2. swim ______ 3. go ______4. make ______ 5. run ______ 6. write ______7. cry ______ 8. study _______ 9. watch _______10. wash ______ 11. say _____ 12. play ______
sits
swims
goes
makes
runs
writes
cries
studies
watches
washes
says
plays
二、单项填空。( )1. He ____ to school from Monday to Friday. A. go B. goes C. going( )2. The earth ____ around the sun. A. moving B.moves C. moved( )3. Miss Li ____ music. A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teach our( )4. ____ Linda ____ back at seven every day? A. Is；coming B. Does；comes C. Does；come
B
B
B
C
( )5. Lily doesn't ____ a music lesson in the afternoon. A. have B. has C. having( )6. Both Tony and Peter ____ in Class One. A. is B. do C. are ( )7. What ____ your mother often ____ on Sundays? A. is; doing B. does; do C. do; does ( )8. I ____ apples and she ____ pears. A. like; like B. like; likes C. likes; likes
A
C
B
B
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My father _____(be) at home today. 2. Jane and Joe _____(be) students. They _____(be) in the park now. 3. _____(be) you a bus driver? 4. We often _____(play) on the playground. 5. He _____(get) up at six o'clock every day. 6. _____(do) you _____(brush) your teeth every morning?
is
are
are
Are
play
gets
Do
brush
7. What _____ he usually _____ after school? (do) 8. Danny _______(study) English, Chinese, maths, science and art at school. 9. Mike sometimes _____(go) to the park with his sister.
does
do
studies
goes
10. _____ (do) Mike _____(read) English every day? 11. How many lessons _____ (do) your classmates _____ (have)on Monday? 12. What time _____ his mother _____ the housework?(do)
Does
read
do
have
does
do
四、按要求改写下列句子。 1. Do you often play football after school? (作肯定回答) __________________________________________ 2. I have some books. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 3. Alice's sister likes playing table tennis. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________
Yes, I / we do.
I don't have any books.
Alice's sister doesn't like playing table tennis.
4. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________ 5. My uncle lives in Shanghai now. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________ 6. Tom does his homework at home. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 7. I usually play football on Friday afternoons. (就画线部分提问) ___________________________________________
Do you watch TV every day?
Does your uncle live in Shanghai now?
Tom doesn't do his homework at home.
What do you (usually) do on Friday afternoons?
五、根据答句写出问句。 1.—__________________________________ —I can wash the clothes. 2.—__________________________________ —I often clean the room at home. 3.—______________________________________ —Yes, she often goes shopping on the weekend. 4.—______________________________________ ______________________________ —My brother likes drawing pictures. 5.—___________________________________ —No,he is a doctor.
What can you do?
What do you often do at home?
Does she often go shopping on the weekend?
What's your brother's hobby? / What does your brother like doing?
Is he a driver / teacher / farmer…?
第四章 动词和时态
第三节 现在进行时
知识梳理
一、现在进行时的用法　　现在进行时表示现在正在进行或正在发生的动作，也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。句型结构是： be+ving形式（现在分词）。 标志时间词：now，look，listen，over there，look at，It’s+时间等。
二、现在分词的变化规则　1．一般情况下，在动词词尾加ing。 如：go—going, play—playing, eat—eating 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加ing。 如：write—writing, come—coming, take—taking 3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加ing。 如：run—running, swim—swimming, shop—shopping 4. 以ie结尾的动词，将ie改为y, 再加ing。 如：die—dying, lie—lying
三、现在进行时的句型结构　　1．肯定句： 主语+be动词(am / are / is)+ving+其他. 如：I am washing my hands now. Look！ Jack is listening to music. Tom and his brother are doing their homework. It is nine o’clock. The children are having class. 2. 否定句：主语+be动词(am / are / is)+not+ving+其他. 如：I am not (I’m not) washing my hands now. The children are not(aren’t) playing over there. It’s six past ten. Tom is not (isn’t) having dinner.
3.一般疑问句：Is / Are / Am+主语+ving+其他？ 如：—Are you watching TV now? —Yes, I am. / No, I am not. —Is the girl playing the piano? —Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. —Are the children swimming in the river? —Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 4. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 如：I am watching TV now. → What are you doing now? Uncle Wang is drinking tea in the living room. → Where is Uncle Wang drinking tea?
考点精析
考点1 考查现在进行时的用法【例1】 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She　　　　　　　　　 (draw) a map now. 2. Listen! The boys 　　　　　　　　　(sing).　　解析:本题考查填动词的适当形式，必须要弄清楚句子的时态。第1小题中的时间词now，第2小题中的Listen 都表示动作正在发生，都要用现在进行时；同时，注意ving 之前一定要根据主语的形式加上相应的be动词。 答案：1. is drawing 2. are singing
举一反三 1. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式。 (1) sing __________　 (2) dance __________ 　　　　　　 (3) write __________ 　(4) shop __________ 　 (5) put __________ (6) die __________ 2. 单项填空。( )(1) Mum and I 　　　 housework now. A. doing　　B. am doing　　C. are doing ( )(2) All the people 　　　 a football match. Everybody is excited. A. watch B. is watching C. are watching( )(3)　　 they 　　　 their stamps at the corner？ A. Does； show B. Are； showing C. Do； showing
dying
singing
dancing
writing
shopping
putting
C
C
B
考点2 考查有关现在进行时句子的句型转换【例2】按要求改写下列句子。　　1. Sarah is answering the phone. (改为否定句) 　_______________________________________　　2. They are riding a bike. (就画线部分提问) 　 _______________________________________ 3. She cleans her desk in the classroom.（改为现在进行时） _____________________________________________
解析:本题考查现在进行时的句型转换，要以be动词为中心进行变化。第1小题改否定句，只要在be动词之后加not; 第2小题是对进行时状态下的活动提问，用“What … doing?”，注意be动词要与主语的数保持一致。第3小题要将原句中的谓语动词换成“is+现在分词”，因为这才是现在进行时的正确形式。 答案：1. Sarah is not (isn't) answering the phone. 2. What are they doing？ 3.She is cleaning her desk in the classroom.
举一反三 按要求改写下列句子。 1. Kenny often plays the guitar on the weekend. (用now 改写句子) ________________________________________ 2. We are watching cartoons on TV now. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________ 3. My grandpa is writing a letter. (就画线部分提问) ___________________________________________ 4. 我正在和父母亲谈论我的生日。 （汉译英） ___________________________________________
Kenny is playing the guitar now.
We aren’t watching cartoons on TV now.
What is your grandpa doing?
I’m talking about my birthday with my parents.
过关检测
一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式。 1. play ________ 2. look ________ 3. study ________ 4. watch ________ 5. fight ________ 6. wait ________ 7. sing _______ 8. paint ________ 9. go ________ 10. wash ________ 11. cut ________ 12. run ________
playing
looking
studying
watching
fighting
waiting
singing
painting
going
washing
cutting
running
13. sit ________ 14. begin ________15. put ________ 16. get ________17. shop ________ 18. swim ________19. take ________ 20. make ________21. write ________
sitting
beginning
putting
getting
shopping
swimming
taking
making
writing
二、单项填空。 ( )1. Look！I ____ a red hat now. A. wearing B. am wearing C. is wearing ( )2. Tom ____ TV in the room now. A. are watching B. is watching C. is watch ( )3. Look!Jane ____ housework. A. is do B. doing C. is doing ( )4. Some of the girls ____. A. sing B. is singing C. are singing
B
B
C
C
( )5. He's ____ basketball now. A. play B. is playing C. playing( )6. They ____ birds in the sky now. A. are looking at B. look at C. looking at( )7. “Don't talk in class，”the teacher ____. A. is speaking B. is saying C. says( )8. ____ you ____ ball games with your friends now? A. Is; playing B. Are; playing C. Do; play
C
A
C
B
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. My mum ___________(cook) dinner for us now. 2. Sam _______________(not listen to) English. He is listening to music. 3. —_____they _______(sleep) now? —Yes, they are. 4. Listen!Who _________(read) English? 5. Look at those old people. They are _______(sing) and _______(dance). 6. The children ___________(swim) in the lake now. 7. Look!Kate and Mary ___________(clean) the windows now. 8. Joan likes _________(paint) very much.
is cooking
isn't listening to
Are
sleeping
is reading
singing
dancing
are swimming
are cleaning
painting
四、按要求改写下列句子。 1. They are making dumplings. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________ 2. Tom is listening to the teacher. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 3. He is drinking tea under the tree. (就画线部分提问) __________________________________________
Are they making dumplings?
Tom isn't listening to the teacher.
What is he doing under the tree?
4. Is Ken climbing the tree in the garden? (作肯定回答)_____________________________________________5. Tom is reading a book in his room. (就画线部分提问)_____________________________________________6. I am waiting for a bus. (就画线部分提问)_____________________________________________
Yes, he is.
Where is Tom reading a book?
What are you doing?
五、汉译英。 1.汤姆正在写一封信。 _____________________________________ 2.我正在游泳。 _____________________________________ 3.他们正在听音乐。 _____________________________________ 4.小猫正在跑。 _____________________________________ 5.妈妈正在看书。 _____________________________________
Tom is writing a letter.
I'm swimming.
They are listening to music.
The cat is running.
My mother is reading a book.
第四章 动词和时态
第四节 一般将来时
知识梳理
一、一般将来时的用法　　一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内要发生的动作或事情。 标志时间词：the day after tomorrow, this evening, this afternoon, tomorrow, tomorrow+时间，next+时间等。 如：It is going to rain. We are going to have a meeting today. He is going to buy a pair of shoes after school. I will go to the library this afternoon.
二、一般将来时的句型结构　　1. be going to结构 (1) 肯定句：主语+be going to+动词原形+其他. 如：I'm going to go fishing this week. Tom's father is going to wash the car today. My mother is going to the market tomorrow. The children are going to swim next Monday. (2)否定句：主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他. 如：I'm not going to go swimming this week. My father is not going to the market today. The children are not going to fly kites next Sunday.
(3)一般疑问句：Is/Are+主语+going to+动词原形+其他. 如：—Are you going to go fishing this week? —Yes, I am. /No, I am not. —Is Tom's father going to wash the car today? —Yes, he is. /No, he isn't. —Is your mother going to the market tomorrow? —Yes, she is. /No, she isn't. —Are the children going to swim next Monday? —Yes, they are. /No, they aren't.
(4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形(+其他)？ 如：I'm going to visit the Great Wall with my parents.→What are you going to do? 【注】be going to 结构中的be动词要随人称的变化而变化，该结构一般用于表示主语主观上计划或安排将要去做的事情。　　 2. will结构 (1)肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+其他. 如：I will play the ball tomorrow. They will take a trip next week.
(2)否定句：主语+will not(won't) +动词原形+其他. 如：I will not（won't） play the ball tomorrow. (3)一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形+其他？ 如：—Will you climb the mountains next Sunday? —Yes, I / we will. / No, I / we won't. (4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形(+其他)？ 如：It will rain tomorrow. →When will it rain? 【注】will 没有人称和数的变化。will结构多用于表示客观上将要发生的事情，但很多情况下可与be going to结构互换使用。
考点精析
考点1 考查一般将来时的用法【例1】 用所给动词的适当形式填空。　　1. Jack (draw) a birthday cake on the board before the party this evening. 2. The girls (dance) for us at the party in the evening. 　　 解析:填动词的适当形式，则必须要弄清楚句子的时态。1,2小题中的时间词都比较长，但都是表示将来时，所以句子中的动词用将来时的形式。 答案：1. is going to draw/will draw 2. will dance/are going to dance
举一反三 1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 (1)All of us ____________________(go) to the nature park next week. (2) Where _______your sister _______________(have) lunch tomorrow? (3) It's Friday today. What _______ she _____________(do) this weekend? (4) Lily and Lucy often ________(study)English together. (5)Miss Green ________(teach) in a new school. (6)Look! The boys ______________(run) on the playground happily.
will go/are going to go
will/is
is/will
going to do/do
study
teaches
are running
have/going to have
2. 单项填空。( )（1）She ____ clean the room tomorrow. A.do B.is going C.is going to ( )（2）Sarah and Tom ____ the bookstore tonight. A.are going B.are going to C.is going to ( )（3）My mother ____ shopping next weekend. A.is going to go B.is going C.has going to ( )（4）Tomorrow is January 1st,we ____ a holiday. A.have B.is having C.will have( )（5）—Are you going to the park? —Yes, ____. A.he is B.I will C.I am
C
B
A
C
C
考点2 考查有关一般将来时句子的句型转换【例2】按要求改写下列句子。　　1. Sarah often cleans her room on Saturdays. (用this Saturday改写) 　_______________________________________　　2. Miss Liu will be our Chinese teacher. (就画线部分提问) 　 _______________________________________ 3.She washes her clothes.（用tomorrow改写为一般将来时） _______________________________________
　　解析:本题考查句型转换，第1小题中原句Sarah often cleans是一般现在时的三单形式，要求用的this Saturday是一般将来时的时间，故须用将来时改写, 注意will或is going to 后面接的是动词的原形；第2小题对主语提问，用who代替，然后不需要改变句子的语序，但是要将第一人称的代词our 变成第二人称your。第3小题可以用“will+动词原形”表示一般将来时，也可以用“be going to +动词原形”表示一般将来时，并在句末加时间状语tomorrow。 答案：1. Sarah is going to/will clean her room this Saturday. 2. Who will be your Chinese teacher? 3.She will / is going to wash her clothes tomorrow.
举一反三 1. 按要求改写下列句子。 (1) They are going to have a farewell party. (改为否定句) _____________________________________________ (2) It will be snowy tomorrow. (用be going to改写句子) _____________________________________________ (3) Tom is going to watch the football match in the afternoon. (就画线部分提问)_____________________________________________
They aren't going to have a farewell party.
It is going to be snowy tomorrow.
What is Tom going to do in the afternoon?
2. 根据答句写问句。（1）—_______________________________________ —It's going to rain tomorrow.（2）—_______________________________________ —They are going to clean the desks.（3）—_______________________________________ —Yes,she is going to cook dinner.　
What's the weather like tomorrow?
What are they going to do?
Is she going to cook dinner?
（4）—__________________________________ —I'm going to Beijing.（5）—__________________________________ —I'm going to plant a tree.
Where are you going?
What are you going to do?
过关检测
一、单项填空。 ( )1. Mr Li ___ here next Monday. A. will come B. comes C. come ( )2. How ___ you ___ there? A. are; going to B. is; going to get C. are; going to get ( )3. ___ he ___ some shopping tomorrow afternoon? A. Will; does B. Is; going to do C. Is; doing ( )4. —___ you going to ___ with me this afternoon? —No, I'm not. A. Are; swim B. Will; swim C. Are; swimming
A
C
B
A
( )5. We are going to cook some fish ___. A. yesterday B. last night C. next weekend( )6. ___ you ___ TV every day? A. Do; watch B. Are; watching C. Did; watch( )7. He ___ films tomorrow evening. A. is watching B. is going to watch C. watched( )8. Look!The girls ___ on the bridge over there. A. reading B. are going to read C. are reading( )9. My brother ___ hard. A. study B. studys C. studies( )10. They ___ farmers pick apples on the trees next Sunday. A. are helping B. help C. are going to help
C
A
B
C
C
C
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1． What _____ (be) you _____ (do) now? 2． We usually _____(get) up very early. 3． _____ (be) your parents ___________ (swim) next summer? 4． She _____ (like) _________(help) other people.
are
doing
get
Are
going to swim
likes
helping
5．—_____ (be) she ___________(read) newspapers tomorrow evening? —Yes, she _____________(read) newspapers tomorrow evening. 6． _____ Tom's teacher _____(ask) him questions very often? 7. There ________(be) a typhoon(台风) next week. 8. My dad _____(be) reading a newspaper. 9. Listen!Who ___________ (sing) in the classroom? 10. She wants _________(write) a letter to her mother.
Is
going to read
is going to read
Does
ask
will be
is
is singing
to write
三、按要求改写下列句子。 1. We are in Grade Six this year. (用next year改写句子) ___________________________________________ 2. He brushes his teeth every morning. (用tomorrow morning改写句子) ______________________________________________ 3. I go to work by subway every Friday. (用next Friday改写句子) ___________________________________________ 4. She is going to speak English at the meeting. (改为否定句) ______________________________________________
We are going to/will be in Grade Six next year.
He is going to/will brush his teeth tomorrow morning.
I'm going to work by subway next Friday.
She isn't going to speak English at the meeting.
5. They will be back at 5:00 p.m.(改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________ 6. My grandpa is going to learn to drive. (就画线部分提问) ________________________________________ 7． Liu Yun and Alice will meet in Beijing. (就画线部分提问) ________________________________________ 8. Ann and Alice are coming to China soon. (就画线部分提问) ________________________________________
Will they be back at 5:00 p.m.?
What is your grandpa going to do?
Where will Liu Yun and Alice meet?
Who are coming to China soon?
第四章 动词和时态
第五节 一般过去时
知识梳理
一、一般过去时的用法　　一般过去时表示在过去的某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 标志时间词：yesterday, yesterday+时间, last+时间, ago, before, the day before yesterday, just now等。
二、动词过去式的变化规则 1. 一般情况下，在动词词尾加ed。如：work—worked，listen—listened 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加d。如：live—lived，close—closed 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加ed。 如：cry—cried，study—studied 4. 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stop—stopped，drop—dropped 5. 不规则变化(需逐个记忆)。 如：am/is—was，are—were，do/does—did，bring—brought，come—came
三、一般过去时的句型结构 1.肯定句：主语+be动词/动词的过去式+其他. 如：I watched a movie last night. They went to the park last weekend. 2.否定句： (1) 主语+be动词+not+其他. 如：Tom wasn't at home yesterday. (2) 主语+didn't+动词原形+其他. 如：Ben didn't come to school yesterday. We didn't go shopping last night.
3.一般疑问句：Be动词 / Did+主语+动词原形+其他? 如：Were you in school last Friday? Did your mother cook dinner last night? Did you wash your clothes last Sunday? 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 如：I was at home yesterday. → Where were you yesterday? I watched a movie last night. → What did you do last night? They went to the park last weekend. → Where did they go last weekend?
考点精析
考点1 考查一般过去时的用法【例1】 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. It　　　　　　 (be) Mary's birthday last Friday. 2. We all 　　　　　　(have) a good time last night. 　　解析:本题考查动词的过去式。1,2小题中的时间词last Friday 和last night 都是过去的时间，故而动词用过去式。 答案：1. was 2. had
【例2】改错。 1. He didn't his homework last Sunday. ___________________________________________ 2. They were play football after school yesterday. ___________________________________________
　　解析:本题考查一般过去时的动词形式。第1小题是过去式的否定句，此题只有助动词didn't，其后没有原形实义动词，“做作业”词组是do his homework, 故需要在didn't 之后加上do; 第2小题be动词were 在过去式的句子中表达状态，而该句的中心词play football是动词词组，故而不需要be动词的参与，直接将动词变成过去式形式就可以了。 答案: 1. He didn't do his homework last Sunday. 2. They played football after school yesterday.
举一反三 1. 用 am， is， are， was， were 填空。 (1) Today _____ June 2nd. Yesterday_______June 1st. It _______ Children‘s Day. All the children 　________very happy. (2) —________ the teachers in the office just now？ —No， they _______ on the playground. And now， they _______ in the classroom. I ______ in the classroom， too.
is
was
was
were
Were
were
are
am
2. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 （1）Did you _____ (play) the piano yesterday?（2）I _____ (write) a letter last night.（3）Who ________ (clean) the window yesterday?（4）Sarah_____ (run) to school this morning.（5）Tom _____ (go) to the park last Sunday.
play
wrote
cleaned
ran
went
3. 按要求改写下列句子。 (1) She visited her grandma last weekend.（就画线部分提问） ______________________________________________ (2) There were five pictures in the room. (就画线部分提问) ______________________________________________ (3) Did Mary have a little lamb? (改为肯定句) ______________________________________________
What did she do last weekend?
What was in the room?
Mary had a little lamb.
过关检测
一、写出下列动词的过去式。1. buy _______ 2. come _____ 3. meet _____4. read _____ 5. help _____ 6. teach _____7. take _____ 8. go _____ 9. fly _____10. see _____ 11. make _____ 12. drive _____13. eat _____ 14. sing _____ 15. tell _____
bought
came
met
read
helped
taught
took
went
flew
saw
made
drove
ate
sang
told
二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1． Tom and Mary _____(come) to China last month. 2． Mary _____(read) English yesterday morning. 3． There _____(be) no children here ten minutes ago. 4. What _____ you _____ the day before yesterday?(do) 5． Last week we _____(pick) many apples on the farm.
came
read
were
did
do
picked
6． My mother ___________(not do) housework yesterday.7． There _________________(be not) any hospitals in my hometown(家乡) in 1940.8． There _____(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _____(have) no time to watch it.9. The sun _____(go) up in the east and _____(set) down in the west.10. Look!The fish _____________(swim) happily in the lake. They are so cute.
didn't do
were not/weren't
was
had
goes
sets
are swimming
三、按要求完成下列句子。 1.I had a cold last week.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） —_______________________________ —_______________________________ 2.We went to Beijing last month .（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） —__________________________________ —__________________________________
Did you have a cold last week?
Yes,I did.
Did you go to Beijing last month?
No, we didn't.
3.上个周末，我们去购物了。（汉译英） _______________________________________4.昨天她去看望她叔叔。（汉译英） ________________________________________5.What did you do yesterday?（根据实际情况回答） ________________________________________ ________________________________________
We went shopping last weekend.
She visited her uncle yesterday.
I played football/ cleaned my room / watched TV … yesterday.
四、单项填空。 ( )1. Be careful. The train ___. A. will come B. came C. is coming ( )2. ___ he ___ some shopping tomorrow afternoon? A. Will; does B. Is; going to do C. Is; doing ( )3. ___ he at school yesterday? A. Does B. Did C. Was ( )4. —___ you in Shanghai last week? —Yes, I ___. A. Was; was B. Did; did C. Were; was ( )5. Class One ___ the football match yesterday afternoon. A. wined B. won C. was won ( )6. I ___ swimming ___ Mike last month. A. was went; with B. go; with C. went; with
C
B
C
C
B
C
五、选词填空，将下列短文补充完整。 My mother 1._______ busy last weekend. She 2. _______ my grandma on Saturday morning. They 3. _______ noodles together. 4. _______ the evening, she 5. _______the clothes. She often 6._______ to the park on Sunday morning, but she 7._______ my room last Sunday. In the afternoon, she went shopping. She watched TV 8._______ me in the evening. She was very 9._______ last weekend. So I'll help my mother do some housework 10._______ weekend.
was
visited
cooked
In
washed
goes
cleaned
with
tired
next
六、用所给单词的适当形式填空。It 1._______ (be) sunny last weekend. I 2. _______(go) to the park with my friends. There 3. _______(be) many trees, a lake and some mountains in the park. We 4. _______(play)games and 5. _______(climb) a mountain. We 6. _______(have) a lot of fun. How happy we 7._______ (be)!
was
went
are
played
climbed
had
were
七、把下列句子改成一般疑问句，并分别做肯定和否定回答。 1. It was sunny yesterday. —___________________________________ —___________________________________ 2. I was in the zoo two hours ago —___________________________________ —___________________________________
Was it sunny yesterday?
Yes, it was./ No, it wasn't.
Were you in the zoo two hours ago?
Yes,I was./ No,I wasn't.
3. They watched TV last night. — ___________________________________ —___________________________________ 4. Tom was happy just now. —___________________________________ —___________________________________ 5. She liked drawing pictures two years ago. —________________________________________ —_________________________________________
Did they watch TV last night?
Yes, they did./ No,they didn't.
Was Tom happy just now?
Yes,he was./ No,he wasn't.
Did she like drawing pictures two years ago?
Yes,she did./ No,she didn't.
第四章 动词和时态
第一节 动 词
知识梳理
一、动词的概念与分类　　动词是句子中表示动作或者状态的词。根据动词的词义和在句中的作用，可以将动词划分为如下几类：
二、动词的基本形式　　1. 情态动词:没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。　　如： I can play basketball well. Mike can speak Chinese. 　　2. be动词:根据人称和时态的不同，呈现不同形式。 如：现在时： I am very happy today. Mike is an American boy. They are playing in the snow. 过去时： He was in Grade 3 last year. We were at home yesterday. 将来时： There will be a match between Class 1and Class 2 tomorrow.
3. 助动词:不能单独在句中使用，在句中的作用是帮助构成否定、疑问等句式。　　如： We do not (don't) have classes on Saturdays. My father does not (doesn't) work in the hospital. Did you go swimming last weekend?
4. 实义动词:小学阶段所学的实义动词有四种形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词形式(动词的ing形式)和过去式形式。 如:
(1)动词第三人称单数形式的构成　　①一般情况下，在动词词尾加s。如：work—works，look—looks，want—wants　　　　②以ch, sh, s, x, o结尾的动词，在词尾加es。　　如：teach—teaches，wash—washes，dress(装扮)—dresses，fix(安装)—fixes，go—goes　　　　③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加es。如：fly—flies，cry—cries　　【注】play—plays, buy—buys　　④不规则变化。如：have—has，be—is
(2)动词现在分词形式的构成　　①一般情况下，在动词词尾加ing。如：go—going，play—playing　　②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加ing。如：write—writing，come—coming　　③以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加ing。　　如：run—running，swim—swimming，shop— shopping　　④以ie结尾的动词，将ie改为y，再加ing。如： die—dying，lie—lying
(3)动词过去式的构成　　①一般情况下，在动词词尾加ed。如：work—worked，play—played等 ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，在词尾加d。如：close—closed，arrive—arrived ③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加ed。如：cry—cried，study—studied ④以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加ed。　　如：stop—stopped，drop—dropped
⑤动词的不规则变化(见下表)
考点精析
考点1 考查动词的变化形式【例1】根据句意和单词首字母提示填写动词，并注意其动词的形式。 1.Can you s English songs?　　 2.She usually g to school at 7:00. 3.Look!Amy is w TV. 4.I c my room last night.
解析:本题考查动词基本形式的写法和用法。在做此题时，不仅要考虑主语的人称，还要注意句子的时态，这样才能根据句意和首字母提示填写出动词的正确形式。第1小题应填写动词原形sing，因为情态动词can后要加动词原形。第2小题的主语是第三人称，句子又是陈述习惯性的动作。谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式goes。第3小题中的look一词提示了本题要用现在进行时，所以要用现在分词watching。第4题由last night 这一时间状语可知本题要用一般过去时，所以谓语动词应填过去式cleaned。 答案： 1. sing 2. goes 3. watching 4. cleaned
举一反三 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The cat _______ (run) around the tree. 2.They are ________(clean) their classroom. 3.I _____(have) a cold last week. 4.Don't _____ (talk) loudly in the library. 5.My mother ______(make) a big cake last month. 6.What ______(do) she do last night? 7.My aunt often _______ (go) shopping on Sundays. 8.Sarah ________(buy) a red bag yesterday.
runs
cleaning
had
talk
made
did
goes
bought
考点2 考查助动词、be动词的使用 【例2】 选择适当的助动词填空。　　1. He 　　　　　　 not do homework on Friday evening. 2.　　　　　　 you have crayons? 3. Tom 　　　　　　 not read English this morning.
解析: 本题考查学生对助动词 do的三种形式的正确运用。第1小题中on Friday evening 是常态，用一般现在时，而主语he 是三单形式，所以用一般现在时的三单形式 does; 第2小题 you 是非三单形式，用do；第3小题中this morning 表示过去的时间，且过去式不受人称影响，故用did。　　答案：1. does 2. Do 3. did
举一反三 1. 用be动词的适当形式填空。 (1) I _____ in Grade Six this year. Last year， I 　 _____ in Grade Five. (2) There _____ many tall buildings here now. Twenty years ago， there _______ some small houses. (3) Mike and Jack ______ twin brothers. They look the same. (4) I want to _____ a teacher in the future. 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (1) _______(will) you like some tea？ (2) _______ (do) he watch TV last night？
am
was
are
were
are
be
Would
Did
考点3 考查情态动词的使用【例3】单项填空。 ( )He _______ read the book now. A.is can B.cans C. can　　解析:本题考查情态动词的正确使用。情态动词can的用法很容易混淆。can和be动词或其他的助动词不能同时出现在句中；can不受人称的影响，故不存在cans的形式；在本题中还要分析清楚，now不表示现在进行时。 答案：C
举一反三 1. 选词填空。 (1)_________ I use your pen？ (2)What _________ I do then？ (3)You _________ be a middle school student. (4)We _________ do something for Grandpa Li. (5) _________ we go now？
Shall　
May/Can
should
must
can
2. 按要求完成下列各题。 (1) I can speak Chinese and English well. (改成否定句) ______________________________________ (2) 当你想提醒朋友，让他周末要帮助妈妈做家务时，你可以说： ______________________________________ ______________________________________ (3) 你想告诉想要闯红灯的人，红灯必须停，你应该说： ______________________________________
You must stop at a red light.
I can't speak Chinese or English well.　
You should do some housework for your mother on weekends.
考点4 考查动词的综合运用【例4】用read的适当形式填空。　　1. You can 　　　　　　(read) the book in the library. 2. She　　　　　　 (read) a book now. 3. Can I 　　　　　　(read) this book now? 4. My father 　　　　　　(read) newspapers every morning. 5. —Did you 　　　　　　（read）the comic book? —Yes, I 　　　　　　（read）it yesterday.
解析:本题围绕一个词read 展开，考查了不同时态、不同人称情况下，实义动词的用法。第1小题中can+原形动词；第2小题now表示的是现在，体现现在进行时，she 是三单形式，故而 be+动词的ing形式是本小题需要的答案；第3小题不管后面出现什么，can+原形动词；第4小题every morning 体现一般现在时，而my father是第三人称，故而动词要用三单形式；第5小题did 之后加动词原形，答句中用过去式形式, read 的过去式和原形同形。 答案:1. read 2. is reading 3. read 4. reads 5. read; read
举一反三 1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 (1) We _______(like) music. Now we __________ (sing). (2) Let's _______(go) to the cinema. (3) He ______(is) ill yesterday. (4) Can you _______clean) the table now？ (5) Do you _______ (go) to the park on Saturdays？
like
are singing
go
was
clean
go
2. 单项填空。 ( ) (1) What did he ____ yesterday? A.do B.does C.did ( ) (2) He is ____ with his friend. A.talked B.talking C.talks
A
B
( ) (3) —How is he feeling?—He ____ better. A.feels B.is feel C.is feeling ( ) (4) —What are you doing?—I'm ____ dinner. A.cook B.cooks C.cooking ( ) (5) Don't ____ TV. A.watch B.watching C.watches
A
C
A
过关检测
一、按要求改写下列单词。 1.have（第三人称单数形式）_______ 2.do（现在分词）_______ 3.slept（动词原形）_______ 4.take（动词过去式）_______
has
doing
sleep
took
5.come（反义词）_______ 6.wash（第三人称单数形式）_______ 7.driver（动词形式） _______ 8.write（动词过去式）_______ 9.sit（动词过去式）_______ 10.told（动词原形）_______
go
washes
drive
wrote
sat
tell
二、选词填空，将下列短文补充完整。 My name is Sarah.I 1.______an American girl but I 2._______ in Guangzhou with my parents now. My father is a teacher.He 3._________English.He likes 4.________ pictures. Usually myfather 5._______ to work by car,but yesterday he 6. _______ by bus.My mother is a nurse.She 7._______ in a big hospital. She often 8._______ to work.She 9._______ playing baseball very much.We often 10._______ it together.
am
live
teaches
drawing
goes
went
works
walks
likes
play
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. _____(be) these your shoes? 2. I can _____(play) football every day. 3. I want to _____(buy) some flowers for my mother. 4. Listen!Who is _______(sing) over there? 5. He _____(do) morning exercises every morning. 6. _____ your mother _____(wash) the clothes every day? 7. He ______________(not teach) English in our school. 8. He _____(leave) his homework at home this morning.
Are
play
buy
singing
does
wash
Does
doesn't teach
left
9. Where _____(be) the twins last night? 10. Can I ______(watch) TV now? 11. My father likes _________(collect) stamps. 12. Joe's aunt ________(work) in a factory last year. 13. We should ______(help) each other. 14. The sun ______(rise) in the east. 15. No _______(smoke)! 16. ______(have) this orange, please. 17. She ______(stay) at home today. 18. Jack is good at ________(run), and he is ________(run) on the playground now.
were
watch
collecting
worked
help
rises
smoking
Have
stays
running
running
四、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Last term we _____(have) eight subjects. We all _______(study) very hard. 2. They _________________(go) to the park next Friday. 3. It's 10:00 in the morning. The pupils ___________(have) lessons in the classrooms now.
had
studied
will go / are going
are having
4. My mother ______(go) shopping in the morning and ______(take) exercise in the afternoon every day. 5. It ______(be) always rainy and foggy last weekend, but this week it _____(be) much _______(good). 6. My brother and my sister ________(be not) in China last year. They _______(go) to England to _______(study) English.
goes
takes
was
is
better
weren't
went
study
7. —Listen! Who ___________(sing)? —Oh, this is Miss Green. She always _______(sing) and ________(dance) in the music room after school. Next Monday she ___________________ (sing) for us in class. 8. —______ your friends ______(come) to your birthday party yesterday? —Yes, and they _______(give) me a lot of birthday presents.
is singing
sings
dances
will/is going to sing
Did
come
gave
五、单项填空。( )1. —Can I ____ your bike?—Sure.A. ride B. riding C. to ride( )2. My father ____ a new car. He ____ it very much.A. have; like B. has; likes C. has; like
A
B
( )3. ____ he often ____ his homework at school?A. Does; do B. Does; does C. Do; does( )4. —What is she doing?—She ____.A. sings B. will dance C. is tidying her room( )5. I want to go ____.A. swim B. to swimming C. swimming
A
C
C
( )6. The sun ____ down in the west.A. go B. is going to C. goes( )7. Mary often helps her mum ____ the dishes. A. does B. do C. doing ( )8. I enjoy ____ to music.A. listen B. listening C. listened
C
B
B
( )9. Father ____ on his coat and went out.A. puts B. put C. putting( )10. I ____ to the teacher, but I didn't ____ him.A. listen; heard B. listened; heard C. listened; hear( )11. He ____ after he finishes his homework.A. plays B. is going to play C. played
B
C
B
( )12. What ____ you ____ last weekend? A. will; do B. does; do C. did; do ( )13. Tony ____ to school by bike last year.A. goes B. went C. will go( )14. Mr Smith ____ to see you in an hour.A. came B. comes C. will come
C
B
C
( )15. How soon ____ they ____ back from work? A. do; come B. did; come C. will; come ( )16. We ____ TV at home this time yesterday afternoon. A. were watching B. watch C. would watch ( )17. —Where ____ you this morning?—I ____ at a meeting. A. were; was B. are; am C. do; am
C
A
A
( )18. My friend Peter ____ very well. A. swim B. running C. sings ( )19. Li Lei ____ like fish, but his sister ____.A. don't; do B. doesn't; does C. isn't; is( )20. Don't ____ in class. Let's ____ to the teacher.A. talking; listening B. talks; listens C. talk; listen
C
B
C
六、按要求完成下列句子。1.Jenny will be a doctor in the future.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________________________2.He did his homework last night.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）—_________________________________________—_________________________________________
Will Jenny be a doctor in the future?
Did he do his homework last night?
Yes,he did.
3.He is _______________.（就画线部分提问）____________________________________________4.Sarah can swim.（改为否定句）____________________________________________5.My friend and I are going to play baseball next week.（用last week 改写）_____________________________________________
What is he doing?
listening to music
Sarah can't swim.
My friend and I played baseball last week.
第七章 阅读理解
要点点拨
阅读理解题的解题步骤　　阅读理解题主要考查学生的认知、阅读、理解能力以及判断分析和逻辑推理能力。阅读理解是提高英语整体能力的重要有效途径。 阅读是理解的基础，因此，要大量地阅读不同的题材的文章，在逐步加快阅读速度的同时，也能掌握更多的阅读技巧。阅读可以按以下几步进行：
1. 通读全文，掌握文章大意。 2. 仔细阅读问题，带着问题在文中找到相应的语句，获取关键信息，并画线、标号、圈重点，将可从短文中直接获取的答案找出来，并选出选项。 3. 分析、判断、对比，选出选项中符合题意的正确答案。 4. 如遇生词，在平时训练的时候，可将关键词拿到字典中去查阅，并做好单词积累；考试的时候，尽可能地根据上下文猜测词意，理解文章。
考点精析
考点1 考查阅读短文，然后单项填空【例1】阅读短文，根据短文内容，选出正确的选项。　　 One day, Mr and Mrs White go shopping by car. They stop their car near a shop. They buy many things from the shop. And the things are very heavy, so they want to put them in their car. But Mr White can't open the door of the car. “Let's ask a policeman for help,” says Mrs White. They ask a policeman to help them. The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car. At that time, a man comes up and shouts, “What are you doing with my car?” Mr and Mrs White look at the number of the car, then they say sorry to the man.
( 　 )1. Mr and Mrs White go shopping 　　　. A.by bike　　　 B. by bus　　 C. by car( 　 )2. They want to 　　　. A.put the heavy things into their car B.carry the things home C. ask a policeman to carry the things for them ( 　 )3. Mr White can't open the door of the car 　　　. A.but Mrs White can B. but a policeman can C. but soon they open it
( 　 )4. 　　　helps them open the door of the car. A. An old man B. A young woman C. A policeman( 　 )5. They look at 　　　 and they know they are wrong. A. the policeman B. the man C. the number of the car
解析: 这是最常见的一种阅读理解的题型，根据前面的方法介绍，先读故事，找出故事发生的人物、时间、地点以及故事的起因、经过、结果等要素，然后对照下面每小题的选项，逐步分析，选择答案。 第1、2小题可以直接从短文中获取答案；第3小题考查Mr White 不能直接打开门之后发生的事情，短文中有一句“The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car.”说明了policeman 帮他们打开了车门，这也是第4小题的答案；第5小题前面部分在短文中可以找到原文，也是一个简单题。 答案：1. C 2.A 3.B 4. C 5. C
考点2 考查阅读短文，然后判断对错【例2】阅读短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。Dear Gao Shan, I'm writing to you in my bedroom. I miss you and the other classmates in the USA. I'm studying in a primary school in Atlanta(亚特兰大). I'm not good at English. My friend Tim is from England. He often helps me with my English. And I teach him Chinese.
All of my classmates here are from different countries. Peter is English. David is Australian. Nancy is American. She's from New York. Mr Black is my teacher. He's from Canada. My good friend, Chen Jie and Wu Yifan are Chinese, too. They're from Hong Kong. We're from different countries, but we are friends. I will come back this Spring Festival.Yours, Liu Tao
( )1. Liu Tao is American. ( )2. Liu Tao often teaches Tim Chinese. ( )3. Peter and David are from the same country. ( )4. Mr Black isn't Chinese. He's Japanese. ( )5. Now Liu Tao and his classmates are in America.
解析: 判断对错的题在短文阅读中是相对简单的一个题型，但是判断句和原文的不同，常常只在细节之处呈现，如人名、时间、地点、性别等，甚至是一个单词的不同，细心是做这种题的关键。另外，本题考查学生对几个常见的国家和国人的名词的掌握情况。学生对这方面的内容要有所涉及有所掌握。 答案：1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
考点3 考查阅读短文，然后回答问题【例3】阅读短文，回答下列问题。　　 Once, Goethe(歌德)， the great German poet（诗人）, was walking in a park. He was thinking about something when he noticed（意识到） he came to a very, very narrow road. Just at that time, a young man came towards him from the other end of the road. It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time. They stopped and looked at each other for a while. Then the young man said rudely（粗鲁地）, “I never make way（让路） for a fool.” But Goethe smiled and said, “I always do.” Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road.
1. Where was Goethe walking？ __________________________________________ 2. Who came towards Goethe from the other end of the road？ __________________________________________ 3. Was the road too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time？ __________________________________________ 4. Did the young man make way for Goethe？ __________________________________________ 5. Who turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road？__________________________________________
解析: 做此类题，要倒转过来看，先读题目，然后再带着问题，通读全文，把握文章的意思，再研究和问题相关的句子或关键词，哪怕是可以找到答案的原文，也不主张全句照搬、抄写。而是要做到紧扣问题，简单明了地回答，可能的话，避开语法点，降低错误率，从而减少失分率。 本题难度较大，讲的是大诗人歌德让路的一个故事，其中对白部分：The young man said rudely, “I never make way for a fool.” But Goethe smiled and said, “I always do.” 是本篇短文的难点所在。仔细分析 but 一词，以及I always do. 的意思，可知他的意思是he always makes way for a fool，且最后他made way for the young man。
答案：1. In a park. /He was walking in a park. 2. A young man. /A young man came towards Goethe. 3. Yes, it was. 4. No，he didn't. 5. Goethe.
考点4 考查阅读对话，然后根据对话填空
【例4】根据对话内容填空，每空一词。
Tom:What are you going to do this weekend？Mary:I am going to plant some flowers in my garden.Tom:Flowers?Mary:Yes,some beautiful flowers.Tom:How do you plant flowers?Mary:First,dig a hole in the soil,then put some seeds in the soil.Tom:That's all?
Mary:Then you have to water it and wait for it to grow.Tom:That sounds like fun!Mary:Come to my house on Saturday morning.And we'll plant flowers together.Tom:OK,great!
1.Mary wants to plant_______________ in her garden.2.Mary is going to do it this_______________ morning.3.Tom_______________ know how to plant flowers.4.Mary digs a hole in the_______________ first.5.Tom thinks it is _______________to plant some flowers.
解析:此题要求学生根据对话内容填空。解答此类试题一般先通读全文，了解大意，然后再结合题目细读文章，找出答案。这段对话讲的是Mary打算种花及Tom询问种花的过程。第1题从语法结构分析，缺少宾语。从对话的第2行中就能找到答案。第2题考查时间状语，从对话的倒数第2行可以找到答案。第3题从第5行可以看出Tom不知道怎么样种花。第4题讲的是种花的第一步应该做什么，从对话的第6行中就可以找到答案。第5题讲的是Tom对种花的态度，从对话倒数第3行可以找到答案。 答案：1. flowers 2. Saturday 3. doesn't 4. soil 5. fun
过关检测
一、阅读短文, 根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。A My name's Bob. I'm from America. I live in Shanghai with my parents. I study Chinese in an American school in Shanghai. There are forty students in our class. Our Chinese teacher is Miss Ling. She's a nice lady. She's young and active. We have six lessons a day. Now I can speak a little Chinese. I have got a good Chinese friend, Wang Hua. We often play football together after school. Sometimes he helps me with my Chinese and I help him with his English.
( )1.Bob is an American boy.( )2.Bob is studying Chinese in the USA.( )3.Miss Ling is an English teacher.( )4.Bob can speak very good Chinese.( )5.Sometimes Bob helps Wang Hua with his English.
T
F
F
F
T
B Tim was seven years old, and his sister was five. One day, their mother wanted to go shopping, so she asked their aunt to look after them. The two children played for a long time. At four o'clock in the afternoon, their aunt gave Tim an apple and a knife. She said to him,“now here's a knife, Tim. Cut this apple into two pieces. And then please give one piece to your sister, but remember to do it like a gentleman.” “Like a gentleman?”Tim asked.“How does a gentleman do it?”
“He always gives the big piece to other person,”his aunt answered. “Oh, I see.”Then he gave his sister the apple and said to her,“Please cut it into two pieces like a gentleman, Joan.”
( )1. Tim was two years older than his sister.( )2. Joan was Tim's little sister.( )3. Tim's mum wanted to go swimming with her friends.( )4. At four o'clock in the afternoon, the children's aunt gave them two apples and a knife.( )5. Tim wanted the big piece of the apple.
T
T
F
F
T
C Most people have a boss. I have a boss,too. But my boss is a little unusual.He goes to work with his big dog.Many people have dogs ,but few bring their dogs to work.My boss's dog Bob is big and brown.My boss brings him to work every day.He takes the dog to meet with people and have lunch.When there is a call for my boss,I always know if he is in the office or not.I only look under his desk.If I see the dog, I know my boss is in the office.If there is no dog,I know my boss is out.
( )1. My boss is Bob's classmate.( )2. My boss is the same as other bosses.( )3. Bob goes to meet with people instead of (代替) my boss.( )4. I think my boss likes his dog.( )5. I always know if my boss is in the office.
F
F
F
T
T
二、阅读短文，根据短文内容，选出正确的选项。A The New Year's Eve party was going on. Then the bell rang, a tall man opened the door and came in. Nobody knew him, but the host went over and took him in. The man sat there happily for half an hour and drank. Then he said,“Nobody invited me to this party. I don't know you, or anyone else here. Our family wanted to go out, but one of your friends' car was in front of our gate, so I came here to find him, and my wife is still waiting in our car！”
( )1. When did the story happen? A. At 7:00. B. In November. C. On New Year's Eve.( )2. The“bell”here means the ____. A. time bell B. door bell C. church bell( )3. The host went to meet and took him in because he thought he was ____. A. one of his guests B. his brother C. his classmate( )4. The tall man's wife waited in the car for ____. A. an hour B. two hours C. half an hour( )5. At last, the host might be a little ____. A. afraid B. surprised C. worried
C
B
A
C
B
B One day, an old man is selling a big elephant. A young man comes to the elephant and begins to look at it slowly. The old man goes to him and says in his ear,“Don't say anything about the elephant before I sell it, and then I will give you some meat.” “All right,”says the young man. After the old man sells the elephant, he gives the young man some meat and says,“How can you see the bad ears of the elephant?” “I don't see the bad ears,”says the young man.
“Then why do you look at the elephant slowly?”asks the old man. The young man answers,“Because I never saw an elephant before, and I want to know what it looks like.”
( )1. One day ____ is(are) selling an elephant. A. a young man B. an old man C. a young man and an old man ( )2. The old man asks the young man to ____ before he sells the elephant. A. look at the elephant B. say nothing about the elephant C. buy some meat
B
B
( )3. The young man looks at the elephant slowly because ____. A. he likes elephants B. he can't see it clearly C. he never saw an elephant before( )4. In fact, the young man doesn't find the elephant's ____. A. bad ears B. bad eyes C. bad nose( )5. At last, the young man gets ____. A. the elephant B. some meat C. some money
C
A
B
C On Sundays,Tom usually gets up at 9 o'clock.Today,Tom got up at six because he was going to go on a picnic with his parents.But it was raining, so they couldn't go on a picnic in the park. Tom went to the kitchen and said to his mum,“We can't have a picnic in the park.” Mum said,“Wait a minute.” Then,Mum took out the food, a fan and a recorder(录音机).“It's just like in the park,a cool wind and the birds'singing，”Mum said.
( )1. Tom usually gets up at 9 o'clock ____. A. on Mondays B.on Sundays C. on Thursdays( )2. Tom got up at ____ today. A. six B. seven C. eight( )3. There was ____ in Tom's home. A. birds'singing B. a cool wind C.both A and B( )4. Why did Tom get up so early on Sunday? A. Because he had to go to school. B. Because he had to do his homework. C. Because he would go on a picnic with his parents.( )5. What was the weather like that day? A. It was sunny. B. It was windy. C. It was rainy.
B
A
C
C
C
三、阅读短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 A Tomorrow is the second of September. It's Sunday. And it is Jane's birthday. Jane is going to be twelve tomorrow. Her parents are going to have the birthday party at a restaurant because Jane likes the food there. Jane's teacher Miss Brown and fifteen of her friends are going to the party. Jane's parents love their only daughter. Now they are shopping. They are going to buy a new dress for her. And they are going to buy a big toy panda, too. They needn't buy the birthday cake and other food because the restaurant will get ready for them. It'll serve them the birthday cake, the food and drinks, and some presents.
1. What day is it tomorrow?__________________________________2. How old will Jane be tomorrow?__________________________________3. How many Jane's friends will be at the party?__________________________________4. What are Jane's parents going to buy?______________________________________________5. Need Jane's parents buy the birthday cake and any other food?__________________________________
It's Sunday.
She will be 12 / twelve.
Fifteen / 15.
They are going to buy a dress and a big toy panda.
No, they needn't.
B Today is a holiday. Ben wants to go to the City Park with his classmates. He puts on his new T-shirt and white cap. He walks to the bus stop. The bus stop is near his home. He and his classmates are going to meet there. It is quite a long way from his home to the park. So they are going to the City Park by bus. They are going to take the No.13 bus. They want to see a flower show there. Ben thinks that they are going to have a good time. And his father told him to buy some beautiful flowers, because next Monday is his mother's birthday.
1. Where are Ben and his classmates going?___________________________________2. How are they going there?___________________________________3. Is it near from Ben's home to the park?___________________________________4. Which bus are they going to take?___________________________________5. Why is Ben going to buy flowers?_____________________________________________
They are going to the City Park.
They are going there by bus.
No, it isn't.
The No-13 bus.
Because next Monday is his mother's birthday.
C Jim is a student of Grade six.He usually goes to the park with his friends on the weekend.But last weekend, he stayed at home and did housework. Because his dad went to another city.And his mum was sick. She had a fever.In the morning,he went to the hospital with his mum.In the afternoon,Jim cleaned the room, washed clothes and cooked the meals.Her mother was very happy.
1. What does Jim usually do on the weekend?__________________________________________2. Why did he do the housework?__________________________________________________________________________________3. What did he do in the morning? __________________________________________4. Did he do the dishes in the afternoon?__________________________________________5. How did his mum feel?__________________________________________
Jim usually goes to the park with his friends.
Because his dad went to another city,and his mum was sick / had a fever.
He went to the hospital with his mum.
No,he didn't.
His mum felt very happy.
四、根据短文内容填空，每空一题。A Susan has four sisters.They are Betty,Holly,Rose and Ann.Susan is the oldest of the five.Betty is thirteen years old.She is two years younger than Susan and one year older than Holly.Rose is nine and Ann is seven. Susan and Betty study in a middle school.Holly, Rose and Ann study in a primary school.The primary school is near their home.They walk there.The middle school is a little far.Susan and Betty go there by bike.
There are 1.________ children in Susan's family.Susan is 2.__________ years old. Holly is 3.__________ years old.Susan is the 4.________ girl in the family.Ann is the 5.________ in the family.6.________ and7.________ are middle school students.8.________,9.________ and 10.________ are primary school students.
five
15 / fifteen
12 / twelve
oldest
youngest
Susan
Betty
Holly
Rose
Ann
B Weather forecasts (天气预报) help us to decide what to do.It helps us to decide where to go.It also helps us decide what to wear.It can also save lives.Forecasters （预报员） can warn people when a hurricane（飓风）or a typhoon is coming.They can tell us where the hurricanes or typhoons go.This helps people to move away from them and stay safe.So weather forecasts are very important to us. Weather 1.________ help us to 2.________ what to do, where to go and 3.______ to wear.It can also 4.________ lives.For example,5.__________ can warn people when a 6.________ or a typhoon is coming. They can tell us 7.________ the hurricanes or typhoons go. This helps people to 8.________ away 9.________ them and stay 10.________.
forecasts
decide
what
save
Forecasters
hurricane
where
move
from
safe
C Every morning Mike goes to work by train.He has long trip,so he always buys a newspaper. It helps to make the time pass more quickly. One Tuesday morning, he turned to the sports page.He wanted to read an article about an important football match.The article was so interesting that he forgot to get off at his station.He didn't know it until he saw the sea.He got off at the next station, and had to wait for a long time for a train to go back.He got to the office very late.His boss was very angry with him.
Mike goes to work by 1.________ every morning. As he has a long trip, he always buys a 2.__________. It helps 3.________ pass more quickly.One Tuesday morning, he turned to the 4.________ page. He wanted to read an article about an important 5.________ match. The article was so interesting that he 6.________ to get off at his station. He didn't know it until he saw the 7.________ .He got off at the next station, and had to 8.________ for a long time for a train to go back. He got to the 9.________ very late, so his boss was very 10.________ .
train
newspaper
time
sports
football
forgot
sea
wait
office
angry
第八章 书面表达
要点点拨
一、书面表达的概念和分类　　书面表达也就是作文，是学生综合运用所学知识，正确表达自己观点的方式。书面表达题要求学生用所掌握的词汇、句型、语法等组织语言，写成篇章，是对学生整体语言水平的考查。在解题时，学生要做到细心审题，明确要求，注意单词的拼写和语法的运用，做到语句通顺，层次清楚，誊写工整，卷面整洁。记住工整的书写和整洁的卷面会为作文加分。
小学阶段的书面表达的形式分为以下几种： 　　1. 命题作文 2. 文字提示作文 3. 看图作文 4. 表格提示作文 5. 书信作文
二、常见书面表达的解题技巧　　1. 命题作文： 由于没有具体的限定材料，这种作文容易出现偏题，因此，写作时要仔细审题，确立中心，明确要求。 2. 文字提示作文：按提示信息整理出要点，可以在顺序上进行重新整合，特别注意不要逐字翻译。 3. 看图作文：题目会提供一幅或一组有情境，或有线索的图片，还可能在图内或图下配关键的提示词。做看图作文题的时候，要仔细观察图片，所写句子要符合图意；同时如有提示词，则需要将提示词尽量都用上，并注意时态的正确运用。
4. 表格提示作文：按照表格的提示，用自己熟悉的短语和句型，整理出要点，然后组合成短文。 5. 书信作文：书信写作的格式是书信作文的一个重要的考核点。同时，书信作文的要求会在题目中给出，并且人名多数时候都是被限定的，在读题的时候，一定要看清楚。
考点精析
考点1 考查命题作文的写作 【例1】请以 “My Mother” 为题，写一篇50词左右的作文。　　 解析: 这是学生十分熟悉的题材，以自己的母亲为写作对象，可以写母亲的外貌、性格特点、工作情况、爱好、周末活动等等。选择最能够勾勒母亲形象的信息，写成语意连贯的短文，就是一篇好文章。
范文：My mother likes smiling. She is 40 years old. But she looks younger than her age. She is very active. She can jump rope. She can kick shuttlecock(踢毽子) well. She is good at playing ping-pong, too. But she is not a PE teacher. She is a kind nurse. She is always helpful to the patients. On the weekend, she often climbs mountains with my father and me.
考点2 考查图片作文的写作【例2】假设你是Bob，请结合图片写一写你的假期计划，50词左右。
解析: 本题是多幅图的作文。文字提示要求你以Bob 的身份，用所给的图片信息，写出自己的假期安排，所以作文的人称是第一人称。游泳、绘画、看望祖父母和旅游这些活动是可以自行合理安排的，不需要按顺序。另外，题目中的“计划”一词，说明全文的时态要用一般将来时。
范文：My name is Bob. I’m a student of Grade Six. This summer vacation will be a long and free holiday. I’m expecting it. I will go swimming every morning. Because it’s good exercise. I’m also going to learn to draw three times a week. In August, I will take a trip to Hangzhou with my parents. And I will visit my grandparents there. I think I will have a good time in my summer vacation.
考点3 考查文字提示作文的写作【例3】上周末，虽然你做了很多事情，但是你过得很开心，以下是你做的事情：　　1.get up and have breakfast 2. finish my homework 3.clean my bedroom 4.play chess with father 5. see a film with Lucy　 请根据上面的内容提示写一篇作文，叙述你上个周末是怎样度过的。
解析:对于文字提示作文，要理解清楚提示内容的意思，如上周末，说明全文的时态要用一般过去时。 范文：Last weekend, I did a lot of things, but I was very happy. I got up at 7:00 and had breakfast at 7:30. Then in the morning, I finished my homework. After that, I cleaned my bedroom. On Saturday afternoon, I played chess with my father. In the evening, I saw a film with my good friend, Lucy. We had a good time.
考点4 考查表格提示作文与书信作文的写作【例4】假设你叫Li Hua，你很想和Lisa 成为好朋友，请写一封信向Lisa简单地介绍自己，并表达你想和她成为好朋友的愿望。50词左右，注意书信格式。
解析: 根据题目可以判断这是Li Hua 第一次给Lisa 写信，表格的内容列举得很详细，合理安排好表格内容，就能写出一篇内容丰富的好作文,同时一定要注意书信的格式。 范文：Dear Lisa, My name is Li Hua. I am a Chinese girl. I’m in Dongguan, Guangdong. I am a student in No.1 Primary School. I’m in Class 4,Grade 6. My favourite subjects are art and English. I like playing the pipa and drawing. I can draw very well. Do you have the same hobbies as mine? I wish we can be good friends. Write to me soon!Yours, Li Hua
This is my bedroom. It’s small but nice. There is a bed in the room. It’s blue. A picture is over the bed. Near the bed there is a desk. I always do my homework there. I love my bedroom so much.
过关检测
一、请根据下面的要求写作文。 1. 以“My Bedroom”为题写一篇短文，介绍你的卧室，不少于六句话。My Bedroom
2. 以“My Family”为题写一篇短文，介绍你的一家人，不少于六句话。My Family3. 以“My Father”为题写一篇短文，介绍你的父亲， 不少于六句话。My Father
There are three people in my family. My father, my mother and me. My father is a doctor. My mother is a teacher. They are hard-working. I am a happy student. We are a happy family.
My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital. He is a very good doctor. He helps the people who are sick. He likes his job. That makes him happy.
4. 以“My School Life”为题写一篇短文，介绍你的学校生活，不少于六句话。My School Life
I’m a student of Grade Five. I study in Yuying School. Every morning, I get up at 7:00. Then I do morning exercises. I eat breakfast at 7:50. I have four classes in the morning,and two in the afternoon. Classes are over at 4:30. Then we can play basketball or play games on the playground. That is so fun. I like my school life.
5.请以“My Favourite Season”为题写一篇短文，描述你最喜欢的季节，不少于五句话。My Favourite Season
I like autumn best.It’s always cool and windy in and autumn. I can fly kites and have a picnic. In autumn,I can wear shirts and jeans.autumn is very good for me, because my birthday is in autumn.I can have a birthday party outside and do a lot of interesting things. I like autumn best. What about you?
My mother is a bus driver. She is so hard-working. Every morning, she has to get up at 5:00. She has some milk, bread and an egg for breakfast. She goes to work at 5:30. She doesn’t have lunch at home. She gets home at 6:00 p.m.
二、根据下面的提示写作文。 1. 假设你妈妈是一名公交车司机，她每天五点钟起床，早餐喝牛奶，吃面包和鸡蛋。然后五点半就去上班了。晚上6点才回到家里。根据以上提示，写一篇50词左右的短文。
Every weekend is fun for me. On Saturday morning, I always do my homework and read books. In the afternoon, I play football with my friends. In the evening, I watch TV with my family. On Sunday morning, I play the piano. Sometimes I go to see a film on Sunday afternoon.
2. 请根据下面的提示写一篇短文，描述你的周末生活。要求用上所给的全部提示词，可以适当发挥，不少于50词。 提示词：read books, do homework, play the piano, play football with friends, watch TV， see a film
My name is Li Bo. I am a boy of 11 years old. I live in Beijing. My father is an engineer, and my mother is a nurse. They love me very much. I love them, too. My father likes reading books. My mother likes reading books, too. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing the piano. I have a happy family.
3. 假设你叫李波，是一位来自北京的十一岁男生。 你的爸爸是位工程师，你的妈妈是位护士，他们都非常喜欢你。 你爸爸喜欢看书，你妈妈也喜欢。你喜欢玩电脑游戏和弹钢琴。你有一个幸福的家庭。请根据以上提示，写一篇不少于50词的短文。
_______________________________________________
I go to school by bus from Monday to Friday.Every morning, I walk to the bus stop. I take the No. 18 bus. I get on the bus in front of the cinema, then I get off it in front of my school. On the way, I can see many people waiting at the traffic lights. They know the traffic rules. And they obey the traffic rules.
4. 请根据下面的提示词写一篇短文，说说你从家到学校的路线，以及沿途所见，不少于50词。 提示词： walk,get on,get off,take the No.18 bus， traffic lights, many people, school
_______________________________________________
I have a dream. I want to be a doctor when I grow up. I hope I can help many people one day.I hope I can make the people keep healthy. I wish I could be the best doctor in the world. I hope my dream will come true one day.
5. 请以“My Dream”为题和所给的提示词写一篇短文，介绍你的梦想，不少于50词。 提示词：have a dream,want to be, grow up,come trueMy Dream
三、看图作文。 1. 张明和他的妹妹正在去上学的路上。请根据图片写一篇短文，描述他们去上学的经过和心情，不少于50词。
It’s a sunny day today. Zhang Ming and his sister are going to school. Their home is near the school, so they are going on foot. Zhang Ming is a student of Grade Five. His sister is a new student of Grade One. She looks so happy.
2. 看！这是下午第二节课后自由活动的时间里，同学们在教室里的情景。请根据图片写一篇短文，描述大家都在干些什么，不少于50词。
After the second class in the afternoon, we are free. But many students are in the classroom. John is doing an experiment with Miss White. Wu Yifan is cleaning the blackboard. Sarah is drawing a picture. Zhang Peng and Mike are playing chess. Chen Jie and Amy are reading an interesting book. Everyone is happy.
_______________________________________________
3. 周日，John和他的爸爸妈妈参观了动物园。请根据图片写一篇短文，描述John的所见所闻，不少于50词。
Today is Sunday. John went to the zoo with his father and mother. It’s a big zoo. There are many animals in the zoo. The elephants are drinking water. A monkey is swinging. The birds are singing. The kangaroos are jumping. One bear is playing, the other bear is sleeping under the tree. They are funny.
_______________________________________________
4. 根据图片写一篇短文，谈谈你这个假期的经历和感受，不少于50词。
This winter vacation is a long holiday. I went to Canada by plane. It was very cold in Canada. It snowed. It was white everywhere. I made a big snowman. That was fun. I bought many gifts for my friends, too. I stayed in Canada for a week. I had a lot of fun there.
四、按要求作文。 1. 假设你在www.yahoo.com.cn网站结识了一位名叫Andy的网友，请根据下面他所提供的照片和资料，向你的同学介绍一下Andy，不少于50词。
My friend’s name is Andy. He is active and friendly. He’s 13 years old this year. He’s not tall. He has two very big eyes. He lives in Australia. It’s a beautiful country. He is a student. He studies in Red Tree School. He likes Chinese very much. He can speak and write a little Chinese. He can play football well. That is his favourite hobby.
2. 看下面的表格，对比你与好友Mike的各项指数，并写一篇不少于50词的短文。
My name is Jack. I’m 12 years old. I’m 158 cm tall. I’m 56 kg heavy. My good friend Mike is 13 years old. He is 1 year older than me. He’s 7 cm taller than me. But he is thinner than me. He is only 52 kg. We both like playing basketball very much. We often play basketball together on the weekend.
_______________________________________________
3. 请根据下面表格的内容，写一篇50词左右的短文，介绍你所在学校的课外活动情况。文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
We have after-class activities every school day. It’s from 4:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. We have many activities at that time. Many boys like sports. They can play basketball, football and baseball. We also have many interest groups. If you like singing, go to the singing group. If you like dancing, go to the dancing group. If you like painting, go to the painting group… On Wednesday evening, we have English Corner. We can speak English with teachers or schoolmates at that time.
I’d like to tell you something about the after-class activities(课外活动) in our school.
4.课堂上同学们正在讨论各自喜欢的城市，你最喜欢的城市是哪一个？请写一篇50词左右的短文，介绍你最喜欢的城市。 My favourite city is Dongguan. It's a big city of Guangdong. It's also a beautiful city. Dongguan is a good place to visit.You can buy some new clothes and visit some special place in this city.You can eat much delicious food at Dongguan Restaurants.You can climb the Shuilian Hill.You can go to Xiangshi Zoo to see tigers and lions.I love Dongguan best!