精品解析：山东省泰安市2020年高三一轮检测（一模）英语试题含答案

试卷类型：A

高三一轮检测

英语试题

本试卷共三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Four ways the increasingly mobile workforce is transforming office style

More breakout spaces and rest areas

While some people tend to work more productively in a traditional desk-and-chair arrangement, others feel better when they’re working from a sofa or bean-bag chair. That’s why offices are creating a new mixture of furniture zones that offer both laid-back and traditional seating options.

Smaller offices, smaller carbon footprint

There are huge bonuses, both financially and environmentally, to offices employing more remote workers. For employers, less people in the office equals less needed space – meaning they can save huge amounts of money by renting or building smaller office spaces, and by using less energy and water, lowering their utility bills. For employees, smaller offices in turn will reduce air pollution and help create a smaller carbon footprint.

Designated desks are no longer the norm

The days of cubicles (小隔间) and assigned desk stations are finally coming to an end. As more office employees start working from home full-time or only come into work on certain days of the week, it makes no sense for employers to keep individual, assigned desks around for everyone.

Technology that cuts the barrier between office and home

When offices have more employees working from home - or even from other countries -it’s vital to have the proper technology to connect people together easily. To do this, offices are using VoIP phones, which make phone calls through the internet rather than regular landlines, to help employees around the world appear as though they’re calling from the office.

1. What is the advantage of smaller offices?

A. There are huge bonuses to the workers in the office.

B. The employers can employ less people, reducing salary.

C. They’re environment-friendly and save the office cost.

D. More employees are seated working in the smaller space.

2. Why are the individual, assigned desks not kept in the office?

A. More employees seldom work in the office.

B. Nobody makes the desks any longer.

C. The price of the desks is greatly high.

D. The employers come to work in turn.

3. What makes it possible for employees around the world to work from home?

A. More breakout spaces and rest areas.

B. Renting or building smaller offices.

C. Cubicles and designated desk stations.

D. Technology that connects people together easily.

B

Compassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with us - animals - also have the same capability.

During a cold night in Ontario, Canada, a passer-by spotted something on the side of the road that made her stop - a shaking dog curled up in the snow.

When she approached the pup, she discovered that she wasn’t alone - she was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.

The dog surely could have found a safer place to stay for the night, but she chose instead to help not just herself but other stray animals as well.

The Good Samaritan called Pet and Wildlife Rescue and an animal control officer picked them up. When they got to the shelter, it was apparent that a close bond had already been formed between the dog and the orphaned kittens. The staff decided to name the kind dog Serenity in honor of her selfless act.

"It’s truly heartwarming!" a shelter spokesperson told The Dodo. “It had been a very cold night so these kittens would have had a very hard time surviving.”

Aside from requiring treatment for worm and flea infections, the orphaned kittens are now safe. Just like a proud and doting mother, Serenity insisted on checking on her babies regularly to oversee their progress.

The good news is that the kittens are now living with a foster family who will care for them until they are old enough to be adopted. Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.

According to the shelter, she loves zooming around in the yard and is big on playing. She is also quite jumpy, so she would do best in a home without small children.

4. What did the passer-by see on the road?

A. A dog curled up in the snow.               B. Five kittens were in the snow alone.

C. A dog was warming five kittens in the snow.  D. A dog found a safe place to stay for the night.

5. What does the underlined word “she” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. The passer-by.     B. The dog.     C. The kitten.      D. The spokesperson.

6. Where is the dog Serenity now?

A. Living in the shelter.        B. Being adopted by a family.

C. Staying with the kittens.     D. Playing with some children.

7. What can we draw from the story?

A. Animals and humans should live in harmony.

B. A sad end can be turned into a positive one.

C. Animals have the same capability with humans.

D. Animals can feel compassion and love like humans.

C

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, 33 percent of coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are in danger. One of the victims is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the world's largest coral reef system.

A team of British and Australian scientists banded and came up with a solution to revive one of the world’s seven natural wonders. They used underwater loudspeakers to attract fishes to the dead coral reefs to help them restore. The groundbreaking process is known as “acoustic(声音的) enrichment”.

Loudspeakers are placed on patches of dead corals in the Great Barrier Reef. After careful observation, researchers discovered a favorable result - nearly twice as many fish arrived - and stayed, as compared to parts where there was no sound from speakers.

“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places - the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoop of fish combine to form a biological soundscape. Young fish home in on these sounds when they’re looking for a place to settle,” said Professor Steve Simpson at the University of Exeter.

Reefs become quiet when they are degraded (退化), as the shrimps and fish disappear. “By using loudspeakers to restore this lost soundscape, we can attract young fish back again,” Simpson added. “Fish are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems… Boosting fish populations in this way could help kick-start natural recovery processes, counteracting (抵消) the damage we're seeing on many coral reefs around the world," he said.

Despite this groundbreaking discovery, we still have our work cut out for the preservation of coral reefs. The average water temperatures are rising, and problems such as overfishing and pollution are still among the pressing issues at hand. Also, further research is still needed to understand how loudspeakers influence the behavior of aquatic (水中) creatures fully.

Nevertheless, hope is still visible for the degraded coral reefs. The authors of the acoustic enrichment study remain to be optimistic in the power of music and sound to restore the reef’s abundant marine population.

8. How does “acoustic enrichment” function according to the text?

A. By scaring the enemy of fishes.     B. By making degraded reefs noisier.

C. By appealing to young fishes.       D. By making fishes multiply faster.

9. What does Prof Simpson think of bringing fish back?

A. It can help rebuild the coral reefs' ecosystem.   B. It can benefit the other lives in the ocean.

C. It can make the ocean noisier and cleaner.    D. It can improve the food chains of the ocean.

10. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

A. The research has achieved a complete success.

B. It is tough to restore the damaged coral reefs.

C. Global warming is the biggest reason for reef victims.

D. Music and sound benefit endangered animals.

11. What is the text mainly about?

A. The threats coral reefs face nowadays          B. The world’s biggest coral reef system

C. Various reasons why corals are threatened       D. A novel approach to degraded coral reefs

D

In the land of the Sagas, it isn't Christmas if there isn't a flood of books under the tree-literally.

The Jolabokaflod, or Christmas Book Flood, is a much-loved tradition that has been celebrated in Iceland since 1945. It’s a bit like Britain’s Super Thursday, when hundreds of hardbacks hit the shelves on the first Thursday of October, but much bigger: Two-thirds of books in Iceland are published in November and December. Hundreds of new titles go on sale in bookshops and supermarkets at reduced prices, a Yuletide (圣诞季) custom that has also become vital for the publishing industry’s survival.

On Christmas Eve, Icelanders traditionally exchange books and spend the evening reading books－perhaps curling up by the fireside with the latest crime novel by Arnaldur Indridason. Almost seven out of 10 Icelanders buy at least one book as a Christmas gift, according to the Icelandic Publishers Association.

"Literature is very important in Iceland and it is, I guess, the art form that is something the whole public can relate to,” said Sigrun Hrolfsdottir, an artist and mother of two children. Her daughter and son have already picked the books they want out of the Bokatidindi, an 80-page catalog of novels, poetry and children's books distributed free to all households.

Iceland’s literary tradition was born about 900 years ago with the Icelandic Sagas, widely seen as a gem in world literature and still studied in school by Icelandic children today. The Jolabokaflod started during World War II, when paper was one of the few things not rationed in Iceland. Because of this, Icelanders gave books as gifts while other commodities were in short supply, turning them into a country of bookaholics to this day, according to jolabokaflod.org. In fact, a 2013 study conducted at Bifröst University found that 50 percent of Icelanders read more than eight books a year and 93 percent read at least one.

12. How do Icelandic people celebrate Christmas each year?

A. Giving books as gifts and reading.             B. Purchasing smaller gifts for children.

C. Holding large family parties on Christmas Eve.   D. Composing stories for family members.

13. Why does the author give the example of Sigrun Hrolfsdotti?

A. To advertise Christmas Book Flood.

B. To tell us how clever her two children are.

C. To publicize the grand Christmas occasion in Iceland.

D. To show the importance of reading in Icelandic culture.

14. What does the underlined word “gem” in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A. A fine tradition.     B. The best work.     C. A great event.     D. An important subject.

15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A. The history of Iceland.             B. The origin of the Jolabokaflod.

C. The activities on Christmas Eve.     D. The impact of the Jolabokaflod.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

For me, one of the greatest pleasures in life is going to watch a great film at the cinema.   16   There’s nothing better than being engrossed in a story unless, of course, someone decides to spoil the moment.

Whether at an art house cinema or a huge multiplex (多厅影院), someone usually decides to treat the auditorium like their own home! To start with, some people always turn up late, causing you to rise from your seat to allow them to get past. Then, when you want to enjoy the digital projection someone decides to slurp on their drink and munch their popcorn.   17   It’s just bad manners!

   18   Simon Mayo, a film critic at the BBC, experienced a “new low” during a film screening. He says the woman in front of him got her phone out and used the torch on it to do her make-up!

   19   One of them is to ban mobile phones, and another is not to take your shoes off! Of course, when we have paid for a ticket, we feel it is our right to relax and enjoy the film and in the way we want to.   20  

The best option for anyone wanting to break the rules of cinema etiquette is to get a DVD and watch it at home. But we all know that the best way to appreciate the art of cinematography is on the big screen. It’s your choice!

What about you? What annoys you about other people at the cinema?

A. It’s a chance for escapism.

B. I have the same difficulty as you.

C. I’m not alone in this complaint.

D. But we should go to the cinema on time.

E. But we mustn’t forget our fellow moviegoers.

F. And my worst worry is people who chat to their friends.

G. He has helped to create a code of conduct for moviegoers.

第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was a hot Spring day. The temperatures   21   more like July than May. I headed into the store to buy my son a shirt. The air conditioning there was a welcome   22   from the heat outside.

After I made my   23   I walked back out into the heat. I got in my car but had to wait to   24   because of all the cars lined up at the red stop light. I looked out of my car window and saw something on the pavement. A single butterfly was   25   flapping its wings but not getting off the   26   . It was right in front of a truck’s tire too. Without thinking I got out of my car, held my   27   up so the truck driver wouldn’t move forward, and   28   down to look at the butterfly. One of its legs was   29   in what looked like spilt soda. I reached down and   30   as I could cupped the butterfly in my hands. I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was   31   . I opened my hands and up it flew towards the shining sun. My own heart felt   32   as I watched it.

Now a lot of people might wonder why I would step out into   33   like that to rescue a single butterfly. All I can say is that my heart was   34   me at that moment. And   35   I was done I felt more like my true self than I had all day.

21. A. felt      B. stayed     C. touched      D. measured

22. A. recovery     B. relief      C. reflection      D. selection

23. A. decision      B. arrangement      C. purchase      D. comment

24. A. check in     B. back off      C. speed up     D. pull out

25. A. madly     B. quietly      C. happily      D. hopefully

26. A. car      B. cage      C. nest      D. ground

27. A. eyes     B. leg      C. hand      D. head

28. A. went      B. calmed      C. slowed      D. bent

29. A. lost      B. stuck      C. buried      D. ruined

30. A. angrily     B. gently      C. anxiously      D. rapidly

31. A. free      B. dead      C. violent      D. quiet

32. A. cooler      B. heavier      C. lighter      D. sadder

33. A. danger      B. traffic     C. panic      D. emergency

34. A. guiding     B. protecting      C. controlling      D. persuading

35. A. if      B. until      C. when      D. where

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Rainbow-coloured rubbish

This is the colourful waste   36   (create) by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system. Like many cities in Sweden, Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record. It met the EU’s 2020 target of recycling 50% of waste many years ago.

But almost everyone who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home. People   37   (expect) to sort their household waste into seven separate   38   (category), including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But   39   really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code. The bags arrive all mixed up because they're collected   40   (frequent). But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently. The food waste

in green bags   41   (be) processed on site into pieces to make biogas,   42   powers the city’s buses. One of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there is less cross-contamination (交叉污染), so   43   (much) of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things.

As countries around the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to Eskilstuna as   44   example to follow - as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy   45   (sort) at home.

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Henry来信说由于最近很多人患了新冠病毒肺炎（COVID-19），他很是担心，询问你的情况并请教一些预防建议。请你给他写封回信，内容包括：

1.你的情况；

2.你的预防建议；

3.其他。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.信的格式已为你写好。

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

It was only a dollar. Dylan Belscher noticed it on the floor as he sat at the back of his English class. When the school day ended, Belscher wandered back to the classroom. The wrinkled old bill was still there. He could easily have pocketed it without thinking twice. Instead, he picked it up and brought it to his English teacher, Katie Mattison.

"It wasn’t my money," Belscher says, which he sees as ample explanation. Mattison, 54, was a little surprised he’d turned the dollar in, knowing a lot of people would have just kept it. She suggested that Belscher tape (粘贴) it to the whiteboard at the front of the classroom, where she always puts lost things. Maybe the dollar was lunch money or bus fare for the student who dropped it. “You can always tell when someone is looking for something,” Mattison says.

A day or two later, the school shut down for Easter break. Neither the teacher nor her student thought twice about the dollar. Taping it up “was just good karma,” says Belscher.

Hunter Rose, then a senior, was in English class after break when he spotted the dollar on the whiteboard. There was a mystery to it, Rose says. After class, he asked Mattison why it was there. She was still waiting for the original owner to claim it, so she replied, “I don’t know.”

Rose took the tape from Mattison’s desk and taped a second dollar to the board. That got it rolling. The sight of the two dollar bills, side by side, stimulated something in Mattison’s students. They started asking about the purpose of the money, to which Mattison always gave the same answer: She didn’t know. At that point, it was absolutely true.

More students, excited, taped up single dollar bills. Mattison - an experienced teacher who recognized a phenomenon in the making - wrote the initials of each student on each specific bill, and she started to leave the tape on the tray of the whiteboard.