初中英语Section A教学设计及反思

Unit12  What did you do last weekend?

单元内容分析：

本单元的话题是询问周末所做的事情。在这一单元里，学生将继续学习用一般过去时来描述过去做过的事情。Section A 中通过活动与图片的配对，引导出本单元的重点词汇和句型;利用What did you do last weekend？及其答语来询问上个周末的活动。同时通过操练句型及其答语，来练习巩固目标语言。本部分中还训练了学生的听，说，演及归纳总结的能力，并且通过角色表演，语法归纳进一步巩固了目标语言。Section B 在训练听力的同时，又在原活动基础上增加了新的活动名称，并让学生描述自己的周末活动。本部分中还复习了本单元的重要知识点，并指导学生提高做书面表达题的能力。                                                                    

教学目标：

1. 知识目标：

单词及短语：camp, lake, beach, badminton, sheep, as, natural, butterfly, visitor, tired, stay, away, mouse, baby, shout, wood, language, fly, kite, high, ago, tent, moon, surprise, snake, scared, move, start, jump, wake, into, forest, ear

  句型：What did you do last weekend?    I did my homework. / We went boating.

        Who visited her grandma? Becky did.

        Where did she go last weekend? She went to a farm.

        Who did she go with? She went with her classmates.

  语法：一般过去时的特殊疑问句。

2. 能力目标：学生学会用一般过去时来谈论过去发生的事情。

3. 情感目标：合理安排自己周末的学习运动娱乐等活动形式，过一个有意义的周末。保持愉快的心情，以积极的心态，精神饱满地面对学习和生活。

教学重点：

1. 掌握动词的过去式的变化规则。
2.  掌握一般过去时的用法。

教学难点：

一般过去时的特殊疑问句。

教学用具：录音机，课本，PPT（if needed）

总课时数：4课时

Unit12 单元知识点梳理

重点单词：

camp, lake, beach, badminton, sheep, as, natural, butterfly, visitor, tired, stay, away,

mouse, baby, shout, wood, language, fly, kite, high, ago, tent, moon, surprise, snake,

scared, move, start, jump, wake, into, forest, ear

短语及搭配：

do one’s homework, go to the cinema, go boating, camp by the lake, go to the beach, play badminton, last weekend, on Sunday morning, study for a test, feed some sheep, pretty good, stay up, a family of mice, shout at/ shout to, run away, a second language, go to the library, play the guitar, fly a kite, have a dinner with friends, swim in the swimming pool, finish high school, two weeks ago, take a long bus ride, put up a tent,

make a fire, on the first night, tell stories, go to sleep, look out of, call the fire station

重点句型：

How was your weekend?  It was pretty good.

What did you do last weekend?  I went to the beach.

Who did you go with?  I went to the beach with my friends Lily and Lucy.

On Saturday morning, I played badminton with my cousin Ben.

I was so tired that I went to sleep early.

We saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.

It is important to learn a second language.

语法：

1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

2. 过去时的使用：

（1）带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时。如：yesterday 昨天、 the day before yesterday 前天、two days ago…两天前… 、the other day前几天 、last night (week 、Sunday 、weekend、month、winter、year、century 世纪）、ago 很久以前（一段时间+ago） 、this morning/afternoon/evening 、 just now 刚刚、 at the moment 此刻、at the age of 8在8岁的时候、one day 、once upon a time 很久以前、in the old days 过去的日子里、long long ago很久以前

（2）表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always，never等连用。

Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 

(3）表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。

The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.   

（4）有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。I didn’t know you were in Paris.    　

3．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴ am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

4．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：

⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?

5. 动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：Pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：Taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：Stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：Study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：  

 Am/is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,              Come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made,      read-read,  write-wrote,  draw- drew,  drink-drank,  fly-flew, ride-rode,  speak-spoke,