英语八年级下册Grammar评课ppt课件

这是一份英语八年级下册Grammar评课ppt课件，共38页。PPT课件主要包含了both等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Bth可作形容词、代词或副词用，意思是“两个”、“双方”、“两个都”。在句中可作主语、宾语或同位语。 如：Bth are right.(主语) I like bth.(宾语) Bth pencils are mine.(同位语）
一、Bth和bth f后都可接复数名词，构成名词词组。 Bth后的名词前可有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定，也可没有；bth f后的名词前却一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定。　　　
　bth(the these，her) children
bth f the(these，her)children；
bth f children。
Bth f后可接人称代词宾格，bth后则不可；但人称代词宾格后可接bth。
bth f us(yu，them)
bth us(yu，them)
us(yu，them)bth
二、Bth与动词连用时，大多数放在系动词be之后，其它动词之前。　　 His parents wrkers.　　 They reading.　　 若句中谓语动词包含情态动词或助动词时，bth大多放在第一个情态动词或助动词之后。　　 The bridges be built this year.　　　　 kate and Mary gne t England.
三、Bth可与and构成并列连词，连接两个性质相同并在句中作相同成分的并行结构。　 Bth he and his brther are gd at English.　　(连接两个主语)　　
She can bth dance and sing.　　(连接两个谓语动词)　
Mary is bth kind and beautiful.
f the ns / 代词
... and ...
1.二个女孩都来自英国。2.科学和数学二门都很难。
_____ _____ _________ _______ England.
_____ _____ ______ ______ _______________ England.
Bth girls
are / cme frm
Bth f the girls
______ science ______ maths ______ hard.
3.I can speak ______ Chinese _____ English.
bth and
　四、含bth的句子变为否定时，是将bth改为neither。　
Bth f the bys are clever.
Bth f the bys are nt clever.
Neither f the bys are clever.
并不是两个男孩都聪明(一个聪明一个愚笨)。
含bth…and…的句子变为否定句时，将bth…and…改为neither…nr..，连接的两个部分若是名词，可以是单数，也可以是复数。
I knw bth the man and the wman. 　　　　　　　　Bth beats and birds wuld have the bat as their friend.
I knw neither the man nr the wman.
Neither beats nr birds wuld have the bat as their friend.
  nt nly... but (als)...  不但……而且……
1. nt nly... but (als)...在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，als可以省略。如：He is learning nt nly English but (als) French. （连接两个宾语）他不但在学英语，而且还在学法语。She speaks Russian nt nly in class but (als) at hme.她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。 （连接两个地点状语）
2. nt nly... but (als)... 用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循“就近原则”，即和but (als)后的名词或代词的数一致。如：
Nt nly Zhu Xia but als her parents are fnd f watching ftball matches. 不但周霞，而且她的父母都喜欢看足球比赛。Nt nly yu but als he is tired f having ne examinatin after anther.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。
3.nt nly... but (als)... 连接两个分句，当nt nly位于句首，前一个分句常用部分倒装来表示强调，而but (als)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如：
Nt nly is the teacher himself interested in freign films，but als all his students are beginning t shw an interest in them. 不但老师自己对外国电影感兴趣，就连他所有的学生也开始对外国电影感兴趣了。Nt nly des Miss Li like music, but (als) she likes sprts. 李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。
4. nt nly … but als 中的 nt nly 不能分开使用，但 but als 却可以分开使用。例如：  The area was nt nly hit by an unexpected heavy rain， but sme bridges were als washed away.
5. nt nly … but als 连接两个并列成分时，可以省略 but 或 als ，也可以把 but als 都省略掉。例如： 　I nt nly heard it but （ als ） saw it. 　He was nt nly cmpelled（被迫） t stay at hme，（ but ） als frbidden（禁止） t see his friend. 　She nt nly finished the task ahead f time， （ but als ） she came t help us.
【注意】使用中注意两点： 1、就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。 Nt nly the students but als the teacher reads English every day. 2、一致。nt nly 与 but als后面所接的词类要一致。 She can nt nly sing but als dance.
【用法小结】　1. nt nly … but als 应连接两个相对称的并列成分。例如：  Nt nly Mr Lin but als his sn jined the Party tw years ag. （连接两个主语）  I nt nly play tennis but als practise shting. （连接两个谓语动词）  He plays nt nly the pian but als the vilin. （连接两个宾语）  They speak English nt nly in class but als in the drmitry. （连接两个地点状语）
Either ---r---Neither---nr---
either : 指两者中的任意一个。意为"或者……或者……；不是……就是……"之意。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分
neither: 指两者中没有一个，全否定。 表示"既不……也不……"。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。
Bent: Hi Sam, what d yu think? We can g t the tmb tday. We can als g there tmrrw. Sam: Let’s g tmrrw. The students are all t tired tday. One cmplained that the rm was nt clean and nt cmfrtable.
We can g t the tmb either tday r tmrrw.
One cmplained that the rm was neither neither clean nr very cmfrtable.
Ben: Well, I think the rms are very clean and cmfrtable, and I slept very well in mine. Did yu ntice that Marc and Peter did nt cme t the talk?Sam: I suppse they were tired, but that’s nt a very gd excuse. Well, after visiting the ruins tmrrw, we can then relax. We can g t the Dragn Restaurant. The Phenix Restaurant is als very gd.
Did yu ntice that neither Marc nr Peter cme t the talk?
We can either g t the Dragn Restaurant r the Phenix Restaurant.
Either ---r---
Either yu r I can g there tmrrw. subjectI either stay at hme r g shpping. verbWe culd chse t eat either ndles r rice . bject They are ging there either by train r by air. adverbial
Neither---nr---
Neither yu nr I can g there tmrrw. subjectI neither stay at hme nr g shpping. verbWe culd chse t eat neither ndles nr rice . bject They are ging there neither by train nr by air. adverbial
Try t crrect the fllwing mistakes if any
When the girl is happy, she either sings r dances. Either my uncle r my parents is ging there tmrrw. Neither they nr she is gd at drawing. He des nt d it, either des he try. Either f the films is gd.  There were trees and flwers n either side f the street.
If yu dn’t g t the party, I dn’t t.Are either yu r I ging there tmrrw?Bth dad and mum is at hme tday. Neither f his cats has been fed. Bth he and I are right.
Either用于句末，表示否定的“也”，类似tEither +nunEither f +nunEither---r---就近原则
Neither用于句首，表示否定的“也”，倒装（nr）Neither+ nunNeither f +nunNeither---nr---就近原则
Try t distinguish---
Neither teacher ften answers the questins.这两个老师，没有一个经常解答问题。Either teacher ften answers the questins.这两个老师中有一们常常解答问题。
I dn‘t knw bth his teachers.他的两位老师我并非都认识。（半否定）I knw neither his teachers.他的老师我都不认识。（全否定）
Sentence transfrmatin
1.Jim desn‘t like ftball. Tm desn‘t like ftball， either. =Jim desn‘t like ftball. Neither （nr）des Tm. =Neither Jim nr Tm likes can‘t speak either Japanese r Chinese . =He can speak neither Japanese nr Chinese.
Either yu r he has lunch at schl. 其一般疑问句应为：D either yu r he have lunch at schl? 是你还是他在学校吃午饭？
bth… and…， t， 用于肯定句与neither … nr…， either， 是相反的Susan likes playing the vilin.Shirley likes playing it， t.=Susan likes playing the vilin， s des Shirley.=Bth Susan and Shirley like playing the vilin.
Amy's family and classmates B1 Amy is writing abut what her family des at the weekend. Help her cmplete the sentences with the crrect cnjunctins.
1._____________ my dad _____________ my mum ges t wrk at the weekend. We visit my grandparents n Saturdays. 2._____________ my mum _____________ my grandma are gd at cking. They ck lunch fr us. 3._____________ my mum _____________ my dad des the dishes after lunch. I als help with it. 4.In the afternn, my grandpa and my dad _____________ play chess _____________ chat with each ther. 5.My mum _____________ helps clean the rms fr my grandparents _____________ des sme shpping fr them.
Amy and Suzy are talking abut what jbs their classmates can d in the future. Cmplete their cnversatin with the crrect cnjunctins and the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets. B2
Amy: Suzy: Amy:
I've learnt abut jbs and persnalities recently. Really? What jbs d yu think ur classmates can d in the future? I think Millie wuld make an excellent teacher. She's (1) ______________ willing t wrk with children ______________ patient with them. What abut Simn? He's active and gd at playing ftball. I think he can be (2) ______________ a PE teacher ______________ a ftball player. D yu think David and Lisa can be artists? They're very rganized, but artists shuld be creative. (3) ______________ David's ______________ Lisa's persnality (4) ______________ (be) suitable fr being an artist, I'm afraid. Wh can be a manager? (5) ______________ Judy ______________ Paul (6) ______________ (be) very cnfident and energetic. I think they can be managers. Hw can I learn abut jbs and persnalities? Yu can read abut them (7) ______________ frm sme bks ______________ n the Internet.
Suzy: Amy:
( )1. —Can I park my car here？ —Yes，yu can park n ( ) side f the street. （苏州市） A. either B. neither C. bth D. all( )2. We asked Jhn and Henry sme easy questins，but ( ) f them culd answer them. （上海市） A. nne B. bth C. all D. neither( )3. —Which is mre useful， bilgy r chemistry？ —I think ( ) them are useful. （广州市） A. either f B. nne f C. bth f D. all f( )4. ( ) Lily ( ) Lucy may g with yu because ne f them must stay at hme. （吉林省） A. Nt nly；but als B. Neither；nr C. Bth；and D. Either；r
1.[误］ Bth my parents are nt here. They went t the cncert just nw. ［正］ Neither f my parents is here. They went t the cncert just nw. ［析］ 在英语中bth一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Bth f us are nt right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither f us is right。 才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"。2.［误］ He r his parents has sme tickets fr the film. ［正］ He r his parents have sme tickets fr the film. ［析］ 由r 连接两主语时，谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。3.［误］ Yu shuld study hard, and yu wn't pass the exam. ［正］ Yu shuld study hard, r yu wn't pass the exam. ［析］ r作为连词，这里的意思为"否则"。又如：Hurry up, r yu'll be late fr schl.4.［误］ Thugh he is pr, but he is ready t help thers. ［正］ Thugh he is pr, he is ready t help thers. ［正］ He is pr, but he is ready t help thers. ［析］ "虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是"，用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然"，二者只可用其一。
5.［误］ Either yu r I are n duty. ［正］ Either yu r I am n duty. ［析］ either…r 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有r, neither… nr, nt nly…but als等。6.［误］ Tm is ur English teacher and teaching English in ur schl nw. ［正］Tm is ur English teacher and is teaching English in ur schl nw. ［析］ 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。7.［误］ My father likes swimming and t cllect stamps. ［正］ My father likes swimming and cllecting stamps. ［析］ 由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如用不定式则都应用不定式，这是初学者要注意的一点。
8.［误］ We will g bth t Beijing and Shanghai. ［正］ We will g t bth Beijing and Shanghai. ［析］ 用bth…and…作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同。9.［误］ Nt nly Mary but als her brthers is ging t dance. ［正］ Nt nly Mary but als her brthers are ging t dance. ［析］ 由nt nly… but als…连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。10.［误］ Tm des nt swim nr play ftball. ［正］ Tm des nt swim r play ftball. ［析］ nr主要用于连接句子的对等连词，如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用r, 但要注意句子的含意，如：This animal des nt like a cw r a hrse. 这个动物既不像牛也不像马。This animal des nt like a cw but a hrse. 这个动物不像牛而像马。
Chse the right verb frm t cmplete the sentences.Bth my brthers ________ in Italy. ( lives/ live)Neither f his parents ________ butter and cheese. (likes/ like)Neither Jhn nr Mary _________ at hme. ( was/were)Bth Peter and Mike ften _________ ftball match but neither f them_________ ftball very well. (watches/watch) (plays/play)Either yu r I ____ ging t ck supper tnight. (are/am)Either my father r my mther _______ dinner. Bth my brther and I _______ them n weekends. (cks/ck) (helps/help)All the peple in my family _____the husewrk. (des/d)
Fill in the blanks with “ either…r…neither…nr…bth…(and)My father and my mther are ________ teachers. They teach in the same schl.2. ______he _______she can jin us. We want bth f them.3. The trusers are _______ t shrt______ t lng. Neither f them is the right size.4. She is ________Chinese ______ Japanese. She cmes frm Krea.5. Everyne helps parents with the husewrk because my parents _________ wrk.
Either r
either r
neither nr
Fill in the blanks with the prper verb frmsEither yur mther r yur father ____(be) a wrker.2. Either they r he _____(be) a student.3. Neither yu nr Tm ______(have) this bk.4. Bth yur parents and yur sister _____(be) at hme.