初中英语语法中考复习-主从复合句精讲(共71张PPT)

这是一份初中英语语法中考复习-主从复合句精讲(共71张PPT)，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了主从复合句从哪儿来，搞定宾语从句，宾语从句考什么，什么题型，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序，宾语从句的引导词，引导词，由that引导的，陈述句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
I knew the famus actr yesterday.
I knew that the actr appeared n a reality shw yesterday.
I knew the actr wh was very famus yesterday.
I knew the famus actr when I was ten years ld.
结构： 主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句（宾从跟在动词和介词后面）
选择题 & 改写题
I want t knw ________.A. when we shuld arrive at the airprt B. when shuld we arrive at the airprtC. when the airprt we shuld arrive at D. when the airprt shuld we arrive at
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
1. His brther asks when will he g t the library .
2. Can yu tell me hw can I get t the z?
His brther asks when he will g t the library .
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the z?
-We dn’t knw ________.-It is said that he was brn in Canada.A. what he is B. where he was brn C. where he cmes frm D. if he lives here
Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants t knw. (合并为一句）The sales manager wants t knw ____ there ____ any new markets in Asia.
2. 方法 （三种情况）
She desn’t knw (that) she is seriusly ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。
由if或whether引导的
I want t knw if /whether he lives there.
He asked me whether/if I culd help him.
意为“是否”，有确切含义，不能省
I am interested in whether he’ll g t have a picnic
①作介词的宾语时，用whether，而不用if.
Whether this is true, I am nt sure .
②whether 引导的从句可移到主句之前而if不能。
We didn’t knw whether she had cme r nt .
③后面接r nt时，只用whether.
He desn't knw whether t g swimming.
He asked whse handwriting was the best. Can yu tell me where the N.3 bus stp is?I dn’t knw why the train is late.
1.D yu knw ________ I culd pass the exam?A. that B. whether C. what D. which
2. We'd like t knw_________r nt. A. whether will the sprts meeting cme B. if will the sprts meeting cme C. whether the sprts meeting will cme D. if the sprts meeting will cme
3. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants t knw. (合并为一句）The sales manager wants t knw ___ there ___ any new markets in Asia.
Tim tld us that his cmpany _______ rbts t d sme f the wrk.A. uses B. will use C. will be used D. wuld use
Jhn asked, “Can yu lk after my pet dg while he was away?” (合成宾语从句）Jhn asked _____ I _____ lk after his pet dg while he was away.
第一招：从句出招看真理
从句为客观真理，用一般现在时
Lisa asked whether light _________________ faster than sund.
Scientists have prved that the earth ______ arund the sun.
第二招：主句下令定方向
从 句 时 态
任意时态（主现从不限）
一般过去时（主过从过）
第三招：从句乖乖调时态
从句根据自身需要调整确定最终答案
The fficial said they ______ a new law t prtect the turists the next year. A. makes B. wuld make C. made D. have made
Jhn asked, “Can yu lk after my pet dg while he was away?” (合成宾语从句）Jhn asked _____ I _________ lk after his pet dg while he was away.
I dn’t think he will cme t my party. I think he wn’t cme t my party.
谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppse,cnsider,expect,fancy,guess等
从句的否定词转移到主句上来
Culd/wuld是委婉语气，而不是过去式 所以宾语从句时态根据实际情况确定
Culd yu tell me which gate we have t g t?
Wuld yu like t knw when he will cme back tmrrw?
Hw can we get t the science museum? Culd yu tell us? （两句并一句）
Culd yu tell us hw we can get t the science museum?
She desn't knw what she shuld d next. = She desn't knw what t d next.
主句的谓语动词是knw,remember,frget,learn
简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构
（浦东一模）The teacher didn’t tell us whether we shuld g n with the discussin r nt. (改为简单句） The teacher didn’t tell us _________ ______ g n with the discussin r nt.
总结宾语从句解题三步骤
一看语序二看引导词三看时态
1.Tim tld us that his cmpany _______ rbts t d sme f the wrk. A. uses B. will use C. will be used D. wuld use
2. Jenny tld me that she ______ an English Speech Cntest the next mnth. A. Takes part in B. is taking part in C. Tk part in D. wuld take part in
3. We are glad t hear that the Greens _______ t a new flat next week. A. mved B. mve C. will mve D. have mved
4. -What time will Mr. Brwn be back t China? -Srry. I dn’t knw ________. A. when did he g abrad B. why he is ging abrad C. hw sn will he be back D. hw lng he will stay abrad
“Wh is respnsible fr the fd safety prblem?” asked the reprter.(改为宾语从句） The reprter asked _____ ______ respnsible fr the fd safety.
“Is it the first bys-nly schl in the city?” asked a parent. (改为宾语从句） A parent asked _____ it _______ the first bys-nly schl in the city.
When can we meet ur hst families? He didn’t tell us. (合并两句为一句） He didn’t tell us ______ ______ meet ur hst families.
Please tell me where we can buy the tickets fr the cncert this weekend. (改为简单句）Please tell me ______ _________ buy the tickets fr the cncert this weekend.
结构： 主句，连接词+从句 连接词+从句，主句
/ while / as
It was raining when we arrived.
1.While 更强调“在……期间”，一段时间搭配持续状态：进行时、延续性动词
He fell asleep while he was ding his hmewrk.
He learnt English while he was in America .
2.While可以表达一种对比的含义
We are cleaning the classrm while they are playing ftball.
As包含伴随的意思，可以译为“随着”
As yu get lder, three things will happen. The first is yur memry ges, and I can’t remember the ther tw…
befre 在……之前
Yu need t finish yur hmewrk befre yur teacher arrives here.
after 在……之后
I arrived after he left.
主句+过去完成时，befre+过去时。
A： During summer hlidays, I ften get up as sn as the sun begins t cme thrugh my windw.
B: Isn’t that quite early?
A: Well, my rm faces west.
I'll call him as sn as he cmes back.
他一回来我就给他打电话。
主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时
I have never been there again since I graduated frm the university.
We have made many dumplings since we began t ck.
Until(till) 直到
nt… until 直到…才
He didn’t leave the ffice until he finished the wrk.
He didn't g t bed until he finished his hmewrk.
时间状语从句连接词练习
1. －Where was yur brther at this time last night?－He was writing an e-mail____I was watching TV at hme. A. as sn as B. after C.until D. while
2. —Will yu please give the dictinary t Jane? —Sure. I’ll give it t her ______she arrives B.until C. because D. as sn as
3. They didn't g t bed_____ the wrk was finished.A. when B. while C. until D. after
常考点：主句将来时、祈使句或谓语动词为情态动词，从句不能用将来时，而要用现在时代替将来时
Aunt Lucy will tell us smething abut her trip t Australia when she ____ back. A. came B. cmes C. wuld cme D. will cme
I’ll tell him the bad news when I see him.
I wn’t leave until Mum cmes back.
Be careful when yu crss the rad. （主句为祈使句）
The traffic must stp when the lights turn red. (主句为情态动词）
Mther was cking when I gt hme yesterday.
1. Jhn didn’t give up lking fr a jb _______ he gt an ffer frm a German cmpany. A. until B. since C. because D. if
2. Peter will ck fr his parents ______ the Internatinal Day f Families cmes. A. unless B. when C. until D. thugh
3. The students _____ the Art Festival when I passed by their schl. A. celebrate B. were celebrating C. will celebrate D. have celebrated
4. The Greens ______ the welcme party already befre Henry came t talk abut it. A. has arranged B. wuld arrange C. were arranging D. had arranged
5. All the passengers will be taken directly t the htel as sn as they ______ the plane. A. will get ff B. get ff C. are getting ff D. gt ff
If it desn‘t rain tmrrw, we will g there by bike.
Yu will certainly fail in the cming final exams unless yu wrk much harder.
n the cnditin that
1.Yu will surely realize yur dream f being a scientist _____ yu give it up halfway.A. thugh B. if C. unless D. since
2.Jane wn’t take part in ur class’s activities vluntarily(自愿地) ______ she is asked t.A. If B. unless C. because D. when
3.Yu will achieve nthing _____ yu wrk hard in a prper way.A. because B. if C. when D. unless
If Tm _____ the game, we'll give him a surprise. A. win B. wins C. wn D. winning
挑战一下！—Can yu guess if he _______t her birthday party this Sunday? —I think he will cme if he _______ free. A. cmes, is B. cmes, will be C. will cme, is D. will cme, will be
正确答案在这里，你答对了吗？
If 在宾语从句中意为“是否” 在条件状语中意为“如果” 注意区分！
If yu wrk hard, yu will pass the exam.
Wrk hard, _____ yu will pass the exam.
Wrk hard, _____ yu wn’t pass the exam.
Yu will nt pass the exam _____ yu wrk hard.
s + 形容词/副词原级 + that + 句子
s that 所以
s…that
The bk is s difficult that I can’t understand it.
He ran s quickly that we culdn’t catch up with him.
such+名词短语+that+句子
She is such a lvely girl that everyne likes her.
It is such a difficult bk that I can’t understand it.
当名词前面有many或much修饰时，用s而不用such。如：We have s much time that we can finish the wrk very well.
结果状语从句连词考察主要在改写句子中出现，考察用s…that将两句并一句！
1.This year’s car exhibitin was very special. It attracted many visitrs. (合并为一句）This year’s car exhibitin was ____ special ______ it attracted many visitrs.
知识链接：s…that句型可用…enugh t... 来转化为简单句
Lin Dan played badmintn very well. He wn the Thmas Cup again. (合并为一句)
------- Lin Dan played badmintn s well that he wn the Thmas Cup again.
Lin Dan played badmintn well _________ _______ win the Thmas Cup again.
s…that句型的否定形式可用t…t结构或nt … enugh t来转换, 意为“太……而不能”
He is s yung that he can‘t g t schl.
=He is t yung t g t schl.
=He is nt ld enugh t g t schl
s that
in rder t 为了
He must get up early s that he can catch the first bus.
He must get up early in rder t catch the first bus.
He must get up early s as t catch the first bus.
1.—What wuld sme students like t d after finishing their educatin? —They wuld like t start t wrk______ they needn’t depend n their parents cmpletely. A.as sn as B.s that C.befre D．while
2.Thmas des exercise every day s that he can keep fit. (保持句意不变)Thmas des exercise ______ _______ every day t keep fit.
Since yu can't answer the questin, yu might as well ask smene else fr help.
注意英语中因为所以不能同时出现，because和s不能同时出现！
I hate travelling by air ______ yu usually have t wait fr hurs befre the plane takes ff. A. because B. thugh C. until D. unless
2. This pet shp is lsing its custmers ______ its staff wrk slwly and ften make mistakes. A. s B. because C. until D. althugh
3.Bill,_____yu have finished yur hmewrk, let's g t fly kites nw. A. thugh B.after C.befre D.since
thugh althugh
althugh和thugh 可以互换，但althugh 常放在句首。
Althugh it was raining, the plane managed t take ff.
He wears a T-shirt thugh it is very cld.
Q: althugh, thugh可以与but同时出现吗？
even if even thugh
Even if yu dn’t like yur bss, yu shuld d yur wrk. Even thugh I might be wrng, I will g my way.
He culdn’t get there n time hwever fast he drve.The by culdn’t make his girlfriend smile hwever hard he tried.
N matter 不论
N matter(what, when, where, hw) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样)
He wuldn’t frgive me n matter hw hard I begged him.
_____ Mike didn’t win the race, he was still wearing a smile n his face. A. If B. Since C. Althugh D. Because
2. _____ hiking in the Gbi Desert is nt easy, the girl still decides t have a try. A. If B. Althugh C. When D. As
The bk is mre interesting than that ne.
I have mre bks than yu (d).
Jane is much taller than I/me.
比较状语从句一般省略从句的谓语部分。
Jack is as tall as Tm.
as+ adj.原级+ as
挑战一下： The vlunteer spke as _______ as she culd t make the visitrs understand her. A. clearly B. mre clearly C. mst clearly D. the mst clearly
Nt s(as)…as
The bk is nt s interesting as that ne.
I dn’t have s many bks as yu (d).
where wherever
上海是一个老外很多的城市。
Shanghai is a city where many freigners live.
不管你在哪里，我都要找到你！
I will find yu wherever yu are!
where/ wherever + 不定式
I dn’t knw where I can g.
I dn’t knw where t g.
结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句（定从跟在名词和代词后面）
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，被称为先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句，并代替先行词，在定语从句中充当某个成分的词。
关系代词 that, which, wh, whm, whse,as
关系副词where, when, why
1. The girl______________ is drawing is Jim’s sister.2. The by ______________we talked abut will cme.
3. The dg_______________wants t eat meat is in my rm. 4. The car______________ he bught was a secnd-hand ne.
5.The huse ____________dr is brken is my hme.
that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词，有的只能用that，有的只能用which。
下列情况只能用that：　①先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nthing, n, sme 等,且指物时。如： All (that)yu have t d is t practise every day.　你要做的就是每天都要练习。　There isn't much (that) I can d.　我能做的不多。②先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。如：　The first lessn (that) I learned will never be frgtten.我将永远不会忘记我上的 第一堂课。　This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.　这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
下列情况只能用that：　　③先行词被the nly, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时。如：　 The white flwer is the nly ne (that) I really like.　这朵白花是我真正喜欢的。　This is the very bk （that) I want t read.　这就是我要看的那本书。　This is the same skirt (that) I want t buy.
下列情况只能用that：　③先行词被the nly, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时。如：　 The white flwer is the nly ne (that) I really like.　这朵白花是我真正喜欢的。　This is the very bk （that) I want t read.　这就是我要看的那本书。　This is the same skirt (that) I want t buy. (同一条裙子)这就是我想买的那条裙子。④当主句是以wh或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句用that 引导。如：　Wh is the man that is standing there?　站在那的那个人是谁？　Which f us that knws smething abut physics desn't knw this？在我们懂点物理的人当中有谁不知道这个？
下列情况只能用which：①关系代词作介词的宾语时，用“介词＋which”的结构。如：　This is the bk fr__________yu ask.这是你要的书。②引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。如： This nvel, which I have read three times, is very tuching.　这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。　
when：表示时间where：表示地点why：表示原因
1.I still remember the day ______ I first came t Beijing.
2.This is the factry ______ I wrked tw years ag.
3. I knw the reasn ______ he came late.
1. Sales directr is a psitin ______cmmunicatin ability is just as imprtant as sales skills.A. which B. that C. when D. where
2. We live in an age ______ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.A. why B. when C. t whm D. n which
3. The man ______________is talking t me is a friend f my father’s.
4. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall.
5. I live in the rm _________windws face suth.
定语从句关系词确定方法
总结定语从句解题三步骤
一找主干二还原先行词三确定关系词
根据从句内容，有些先行词前的介词不能丢
判断是否要介词的方法： 看先行词的搭配
He is the man n whm yu can depend . （depend n the man)
She bught sme bks with which I wasn‘t familiar . (be familiar with sme bks)
The rate at which animals are being destryed has increased. (at the rate)
Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybdy in the ffice.
Jim passed the driving test which surprised everybdy in the ffice.
这两句话的意思有什么不同呢？
通常译为先行词的定语，“……的”
只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
先行词不可缺少的定语，若删除，主句则失去意义或表达不完整
初中定语从句考察主要集中在阅读和写作中
阅读时要学会分析句子结构！
阅读考题重现，一起来分析吧：
1. The schl is in an area where animals live wild and can be hunted. T get t class, students travel a rad thrugh the frest that wild animals use as well.
2. Chris is a dctr frm France wh has travelled t many places t rganize prgrammes that help peple.
When Americans visit Eurpe fr the first time, they usually find Germany mre “freign”than France because the German they see n signs and ads seems much mre different frm English than French des.
写作时用上定语从句会加分哦！
Write n the tpic “ I want t invent _____ “
I want t invent a machine. It can crss the time and space.
I want t invent a machine that can crss the time and space.