初中英语语法复习课件——代词

这是一份初中英语语法复习课件——代词，共46页。PPT课件主要包含了Exercises等内容，欢迎下载使用。
代词的分类 人称代词 Persnal Prnuns 物主代词 Pssessive Prnuns 反身代词 Self Prnuns 不定代词 Indefinite Prnuns 指示代词 Demnstrative Prnuns 疑问代词 Interrgative Prnuns
人称代词 Persnal Prnuns 数 单 数 复 数人称 一 二 三 一 二 三主格 I yu he she it we yu they宾格 me yu him her it us yur them
1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格 We all like Bb very much. 我们都很喜欢鲍勃。 He gave the cherries t yu and me.这些樱桃是他送给你和我的。
2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格– Wh’s kncking at the dr?谁在敲门？ –It’s me. 是我。 3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 “第二人称，第三人称，第一人称” Yu, she and I all enjy English. 你我她都喜欢英语。
4.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 We lve ur mtherland, we hpe that she’ll be strnger and bigger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。 The ship is leaving. She’s n her first trip t America. 轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去美国。
5.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等 – What’ the weather like tday? – It’s rainy. 今天的天气怎么样？ 下雨。 It’s abut 20 minutes’ walk frm my hme t the statin. 从我家到火车站的路程大约20分钟。
6.it用作形式主语，为了使整个句子显 得平稳，将不定式或动名词等构成的主语后移： It’s hard t find him.很难找到他。 It’s gd fr us taking a walk after supper. 对我们来说晚饭后散步是有好处的。7.it用作形式宾语：I fund it imprtant t learn English.
物主代词 Pssessive Prnuns 形容词性 名词性 my mine yur yurs his his her hers its its ur urs yur yurs their theirs
1.形容词性物主代词: 在句子中只能作定语 My sister is a teacher. 我姐姐是位教师。Our headmaster is very friendly. 我们的校长很友好。
2.名词性物主代词： 在句中可作表语、主语和宾语 – Whse bk is this? --这本书是谁的？ – It’s mine. --是我的。Our rm is small and theirs is big. 我们的房间小，他们的房间大。My pen is brken, can I use yurs. 我的笔坏了，我能用你的了。
3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系： 形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词 注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。 These apples aren't urs. Ours are big. (ur apples = urs) This is nt ur car. Ours is ver there. (ur car = urs)
4.“f +名词性物主代词”表示所属 A brther f his is a wrker. 他的一个兄弟是个工人。 Jane is a gd friend f mine 简是我的一个好朋友
反身代词 Self Prnuns单数： myself yurself himself herself itself复数： urselves yurselves themselves
1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和 同位语 Jane always thinks mre f thers than f herself.简总是想到别人比想到自己更多一些。 That little by was himself. 那个小男孩就是他自己。 He himself was a pliceman. 他本人就是一名警察。 I myself will g there.我亲自去那儿。
2.反身代词常用搭配： enjy neself = have a gd time by neself = alne help neself t… learn sth. by neself  =teach neself sth. 注意：neself 有单复数之分 I enjy myself. Children, help yurselves t sme fish.
不定代词 Indefinite Prnuns 不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词 all, each, every, bth, either, neither nne, ne, little, few, many, much ther, anther, sme, any, n 由sme, any, n, every 等构成的合成代词
容易混淆的不定代词： 1.sme/any sme（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中 There are sme trees in frnt f the huse. any（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定句 D yu have any prblems?
注意：sme有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中 Hw abut having sme cffee? 要不要喝点咖啡？ May I ask sme questins? 我可以问问题吗？ Culd I have sme candies? 我可以吃糖果吗？ Culd yu please give me sme mney? 你能给我些钱吗？
2. many/much many 修饰或指代复数名词 There are many apples in the basket. Many f us like playing games. much 修饰或指代不可数名词 Mike desn’t knw much English.
3.anther/ther anther 泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个 I dn’t want this bk. Please shw me anther. ther 后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的 D yu have any ther questins?
4. the ther/thers/the thers the ther 1. 特指两个中的另一个 They have tw sns. One is a teacher, the ther is a dctr. 2. 修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 Jim likes swimming, and the ther bys in his class like swimming, t.
thers泛指其他的人或物 He ften helps thers. Sme are singing, thers are dancing.the thers 特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物There are 45 students in ur class. Twenty-five f them are girls, the thers are bys.
5.few/a few/little/a little few/a few 修饰可数名词 little/a little 修饰不可数名词 few, little 表示否定意义, 译为“没 有几个”，“没有多少” a few, a little 表示肯定意义, 译为“有几个”，“有一点”
There are few peple knwing abut him here. 这里几乎没人了解他。 There are a few bys in the classrm. 教室里有几个男孩。She knws little English.她不懂英语。 There is a little milk in the bttle.瓶子里有点牛奶。
few 和 little 与 quite 或 nly 连用时，常加不定冠词 a There are quite a few bks in the library. 图书馆里有很多书。
6.every/each every＋单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数.不与f 连用 Every child likes playing ftball.each 表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与f 连用 Each student was asked t try again. Each f them has a nice cap.
7.all / nne all “(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前 We are all frm China. They all like English. nne “没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词f（谓语动词单、复数均可） Nne f them is/are afraid f dgs.
8.bth/either/neither bth “（两者）都”,作主语时视为复数；作定语时后跟名词复数 His parents are bth teachers. =Bth f his parents are teachers. neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数 Neither answer is right.
9.smething / anything / nthing smebdy / anybdy / nbdy当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置 I have smething imprtant t tell yu. Is there anything else in the bx? Nbdy can answer yur questin.
either “两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数形式 There are trees n either side f the rad. = There are trees n bth sides f the rad.
不定代词短语及应用 bth f/either f/neither f Bth f them sing well.他们俩都唱得很好。 Either f yu ges t the mvies. 你们俩随便谁去看电影都可以。 Neither f them stpped t have a rest. 他们俩谁都不停下来休息。
bth…and（谓语动词用复数形式） either…r/neither…nr(谓语动词遵循就近原则) Bth Tm and Lucy are in Grade Tw. Tm 和 Lucy 都在二年级。 Either my father r my mther cks at 、 hme.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家做饭。 Neither he nr I am free tday. 我和他今天都没空。
指示代词 Demnstrative Prnuns 表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包括:this/that (单数) these/thse (复数) 1. this, these指在方位上较近的人或物 that, thse指在方位上较远的人或物 This is my cap, that’s yurs. These cars are made in China, thse are made in America.
2.that,thse常指前面提过的东西,避免 重复These apples are bigger than thse in the bx. 3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用thatHe was ill yesterday. I’m srry t hear that.
疑问代词 Interrgative Prnuns 用来构成特殊疑问句的代词 wh whm whse what which 通常做主语、宾语、定语、表语。 What makes yu sad? (做主语) Wh(Whm) were yu talking with? (做宾语,句中 with 不能提到句首)
Which bk d I need? （做定语） What’s yur father? （做表语）注意：在口语中，wh和whm通用， 但在介词后只能用whm With whm did he play chess? With wh did he play chess?(错)
一、单项选择：( )1. The fd ____ smells terrible. A. he B. itself C. himself D. herself( )2. The dg is wagging ____ tail. A. it B. its C. it’s D. itself( )3. Is this yur basketball, bys? N, it is nt ____ A. yurs B. ur C. mine D. urs
( )4.____ want t play with yu. A .Every student B .All the students C .All f students D. Each student ( )5. ____ f my parents will like yu. A. Bth B. Neither C. All D. Either( ) 6. They all have tried, but ____ have succeeded. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
( )7. Have yu fund ____ n the Internet? A. a few infrmatins B. a few infrmatin C. a little infrmatin D. a little infrmatins( ) 8. He has 5 kids, ne is a teacher, ____ is a dctr and ___ are wrkers. A. anther, the thers B. the ther, thers C. thers, the thers D. anther, the ther
( ) 9. -- ____ is the by under the tree? -- Tim’s brther. A. When B. Wh C. Where D. What( )10. We have physics classes ___day, Mnday, Wednesday and Friday. A. every tw B. each ther C. every ther D. all ther
二.改错题：1. Dn’t wrry. There is little time left.2. My huse is quite different frm him.3. She has tw sns. One is a driver, anther is a dctr.
Dn’t wrry. There is a little time left.
My huse is quite different frm his.
She has tw sns. One is a driver, the ther is a dctr.
4. I have imprtant smething t tell yu.5 .Please give him it. 6. Every f us wants t have a lk at yur game.
I have smething imprtant t tell yu.
Please give it t him
Each f us wants t have a lk at yur game.
7. The by sits in frnt f Bb and I.8. I like t ask questins but I dn`t like t answer it.9. Jane desn’t knw what bk t chse.
The by sits in frnt f Bb and me.
I like t ask questins but I dn`t like t answer them.
Jane desn’t knw which bk t chse.