专题11 文化与节日-备战2022高考英语语法填空话题分类训练

这是一份专题11 文化与节日-备战2022高考英语语法填空话题分类训练，共17页。
备战2022高考英语语法填空话题分类训练专题11  文化与节日Passage 1（2020·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2． until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3． (form) the core collection of the British Museum 4． opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 5． (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 6． (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7． (they) living at a different time in history or 8．(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10．people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.Passage 2（2020·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 11． (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 12． (carry) special significance. They represent the earth  13．  (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 14． decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 15． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 16． (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 17． health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 18． (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 19． (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 20．  first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.Passage 3（2021·广东顺德·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms(节气). Autumn Equinox (秋分), the21．(sixteen) solar term of the year, begins this year on September 23rd and ends on October 7th. Autumn Equinox22．(lie) at the midpoint of autumn, dividing autumn into two equal parts.As is said in23．ancient book, “It is on Autumn Equinox day24．the Yin and Yang are in a balance of power. Thus, the day and night are of equal length, and25． are the cold and hot weather.” After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, 26．(make) days shorter and nights longer.By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China have entered the cool autumn. When the cold air meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfalls are the result. The temperature also drops27． (frequent).On Autumn Equinox day, thousands of people around the world try to make eggs stand on end. According to 28． (expert), on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earth’s axis is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around the sun. But some also say that standing the egg has nothing to do with the time. The most important thing is to shift the egg’ s center of gravity to the 29． (low) part of the egg. 30． this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk sinks as much as possible.Passage 4（2021·陕西·西安市铁一中学模拟预测）语法填空Wood carving is a branch of carving. It is one of traditional Chinese art forms with a time-honored history. It originated in the Neolithic Period, and the 31．(begin) of the wood carving accompanied people’s everyday life demands. Later, when people had  32． ability to use their imagination to express ideas, it became a kind of art. The earliest existing wood carving  33．(dig) out in the 1980s in Hubei Province, which is believed 34．(have) a history of over two thousand years. Generally, Chinese wood carving in ancient times  35．(consist) of three major categories: architecture carving, furniture carving and artworks carving.Wood carving serves practical purposes and at the same time is 36． decorative value. Chairs, tables, shelves, animals, flowers and human figures 37．(carve) out of wood are common examples of this form of art. In a poem by Han Yu, 38． was an outstanding poet of the Tang Dynasty, he described a wood-carving figure vividly.Chinese wood carving is appreciated worldwide for its structures being 39．(true) detailed and the beauty of its themes. Today, many 40．(impress) wood carvings can be seen in private galleries and also on the decorations over residential areas on both sides of the Yangtze River.Passage 5（2021·广西南宁·模拟预测）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。If it were not for a TV show, Fu Sheng, a scholar who lived during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, may have remained unfamiliar 41． the modern generation. However,42． this scholar carefully protected, during wars and social changes, is Shangshu, one of the “five classics” of Confucianism (儒家). Many of the surviving chapters of the book are from the oral 43． (account) of Fu Sheng. When the scholar's story 44． (adapt) as a stage play for China in the Classics, a variety program presented by CCTV, audiences were amazed by an ordinary man’s strength to preserve and pass down a country's cultural ethos (道德观). Nevertheless, it was not 45． easy task for Tian Qinxin, the art director of the show,46． (transform) an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show that connects with the people of today, especially those who 47． (grow) up in the 1990s and 2000s, when Chinese people's lives are much 48． (good) and our national strength is rising. Tian developed specific storylines from two chapters in Shangshu. One is about Yu the Great, a famous ruler who has been respected for 49． (lead) the fight against disasters and uniting the nine regions. The other is about King Wu of the Western Zhou Dynasty, who established a 50． (center) government that focused on people's life and the country's prosperity (繁荣).Passage 6（2021·上海·曹杨二中模拟预测）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.Mutton’s Not Just a Winter Delicacy AnymoreWinter is often deemed the best season to eat mutton, but that is not the case in Shanghai.The annual mutton festival began today in Zhuanghang Town, Fengxian District, 51． highlight of the city’s summer rural tourism market.Running until August 22, the festival features tasting and cooking events 52． agriculture-related activities.The history of eating mutton in sanfu, 53． (hot) period of summer, in Zhuanghang dates back to the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368). The Zhuanghang goat is both delicious and nutritious.Mutton braised in soy sauce and plain boiled mutton are popular in Zhuanghang during the festival. A must-have accompaniment to mutton is shaojiu (a Chinese rice spirit); the tradition of tasting mutton with shaojiu is listed as an intangible cultural heritage of Shanghai.Mutton has a reputation for its tender taste, marbled texture, rich flavors and thick soup. According to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, goat meat, like beef and lamb, is considered a “hot” food and thus 54． (avoid) or taken in smaller quantities on hot sweltering days of summer.But for hundreds of years, the people of Zhuanghang town in Fengxian district 55． (eat) goat meat during the summer. They eat locally produced goat meat 56． they sip homemade shaojiu or huangjiu (yellow rice wine). This hearty mix of alcohol and goat meat promotes sweating, 57． some traditional medicine practitioners believe helps the body expel toxins and prevent illnesses in the forthcoming winter. Goat meat is also believed to be an excellent way of building up “energy” in the body that will last through the winter season. That’s why eateries in Zhuanghang are usually packed with diners during summer.Li Yingchun, boss of a local goat meat restaurant in Zhuanghang, claims that his restaurant receives 8,000 to 10,000 customers on average every weekday. The number 58． reach as high as 12,000 on weekends, according to a daily report.The Fengxian District Culture and Tourism Bureau said it is with the help of the traditional festival which caters to the travel, dining, entertaining and leisure demand of tourists 59． rural revitalization will be achieved.60． Zhuanghang, Zhangze Town in Songjiang District also has the tradition of eating mutton in sanfu. Its own mutton festival kicks off on Saturday and runs until October.  
参考答案 1．wealthy2．or3．formed4．which/that5．are called6．is7．themselves8．walking9．accuracy10．for【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。1．考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。2．考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或者。故填or。3．考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。4．考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。5．考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。6．考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。7．考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。8．考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。9．考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。10．考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了……竞争”。故填for。 11．celebration12．carries13．coming14．than15．decorated16．Certainly17．with18．to care19．beautiful20．the【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。11．考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。12．考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。13．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。14．考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。15．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。16．考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。17．考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。18．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。19．考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。20．考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。 21．sixteenth/16th22．lies23．an24．that25．so26．making27．frequently28．experts29．lowest30．In【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历的第十六个节气——秋分，介绍了秋分的含义和天气变化等情况。21．考查数词。句意：秋分是一年中第16个节气，今年从9月23日开始到10月7日结束。此处表示“第十六个”应用序数词sixteenth或16th。故填sixteenth /16th。22．考查动词时态。句意：秋分位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成相等的两部分。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Autumn Equinox，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。23．考查冠词。句意：正如古书中所说，“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。” book为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。24．考查强调句。句意：正如古书中所说，“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。”去掉it is和空处，剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子，此处为强调句句型“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”，此处被强调部分为on Autumn Equinox day，应用that。故填that。25．考查固定句型。句意：因此，白天和夜晚是一样的长度，寒冷和炎热的天气也是一样的。此处为句型“so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”，表示“……也一样”。故填so。26．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一天之后，阳光直射的位置移向南方，白天变短，夜晚变长。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与逻辑主语the location of direct sunlight moves to the south构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。27．考查副词。句意：气温也经常下降。修饰动词drop应用副词frequently，作状语。故填frequently。28．考查名词复数。句意：据专家介绍，在春分和秋分这一天，地轴与地球绕太阳轨道的力量处于相对平衡状态。expert为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填experts。29．考查最高级。句意：最重要的是把鸡蛋的重心移到鸡蛋的最低部分。根据上文定冠词the以及句意“最低”可知应用形容词最高级。故填lowest。30．考查介词。句意：用这种方法，诀窍就是把鸡蛋放在一边，直到蛋黄尽可能地下沉。结合句意表示“用这种方法”短语为in this way，句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。 31．beginning32．the33．was dug34．to have35．consists36．of37．carved38．who39．truly40．impressive【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了木雕艺术的起源、分类、用途等。31．考查名词。句意：它起源于新石器时代。木雕开始伴随着人们的日常生活需要。根据空前的the及空后的of可知，此处应填名词。beginning“开始，开端”。故填beginning。32．考查冠词。句意：后来，当人们有能力去使用他们的想象表达思想时，它就变成一门艺术。 根据空后的“to use their imagination to express ideas”可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。33．考查时态语态。句意：最早存在的木雕在20世纪80年代在湖北省被挖掘出。根据时间状语 in the 1980s 可知，此处描述发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时；又句子主语与dig之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was dug。34．考查非谓语动词。句意：被挖掘出的木雕据说已经有2000多年的历史了。be believed to do sth.是常用句型，不定式作主语补足语，故填 to have。35．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一般来说，中国古代的木雕由三个主要项目组成：建筑雕刻，家具雕刻，艺术品雕刻。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；wood carving表示“木雕艺术”，是不可数名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数，又因为consist of（由......组成），本身含有被动意思，因此用主动形式，故填 consists。36．考查介词。句意：木雕有实用的价值，同时，也有装饰的价值。此处考查“be of +名词”结构，该结构与其中名词所对应的形容词意思相同，说明主语具有某种特征或属性，故填of。37．考查非谓语动词。句意：椅子，餐桌，书架，动物，花，以及由木头雕刻的人物都是这种艺术的例子。carve 与句子主语“Chairs, tables... figures”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填carved。38．考查定语从句。句意：在唐朝杰出诗人韩愈的诗中，他形象地描述了木雕人物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是Han Yu，故填who。39．考查副词。句意：中国的木雕艺术深受全世界人的欣赏，因为它的结构忠实于细节，以及它的美好主题。修饰形容词detailed 应用副词，故填 truly。40．考查形容词。句意：今天，许多令人赞叹的木雕在私人艺术馆和长江沿岸居民区的装饰上可以被看到。空处在句中作定语，修饰“wood carvings”，且表示“令人赞叹的”，故填impressive。 41．to42．what43．accounts44．was adapted45．an46．to transform47．grew48．better49．leading50．central【分析】本文是一则新闻报道。主要内容为：中央广播电视台通过文化经典系列节目《典籍里的中国》，将本不为人知的古代学者伏生，在战争和社会动荡中呕心沥血去传承儒家经典《尚书》的故事展现给观众。41．考查介词。句意：如果不是因为电视节目，生活在公元前3世纪和公元前2世纪的学者伏生可能对现代一代仍然不熟悉。此处的搭配为be unfamiliar to sb. “对某人来说是陌生的，不熟悉的”。故填to。42．考查名词性从句引导词。句意：然而，这位学者在战争和社会变迁中精心保护的是儒家“五经”之一的《尚书》。空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，指事物用what。故填what。43．考查名词复数。句意：这本书现存的许多章节都出自伏生的口述。account在此处是名词，意思是：描述、叙述。用复数表示泛指。故填accounts。44．考查被动语态。句意：当这位学者的故事被改编成央视综艺节目《经典》中的中国舞台剧时，观众们对一个普通人保存和传承一个国家文化精神的力量感到惊讶。根据句意,这位学者的故事是被改编为舞台剧，主语the scholar's story和adapt之间是被动关系，事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was adapted。45．考查冠词。句意：然而，对于该剧的艺术总监田沁新来说，将一部古老的经典作品转化为一小时的舞台剧并与今天的人们，特别是那些成长于20世纪90年代和21世纪的人们联系在一起，这并不是一件容易的事。此处表达一件容易的事，easy为元音音素开头，需要使用不定冠词an。故填an。46．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，对于该剧的艺术总监田沁新来说，将一部古老的经典作品转化为一小时的舞台剧并与今天的人们，特别是那些成长于20世纪90年代和21世纪的人们联系在一起，这并不是一件容易的事。此处句型为：it is not easy for sb. to do... ，意为：对某人来说做某事是不容易的。it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to transform。47．考查动词时态。句意：然而，对于该剧的艺术总监田沁新来说，将一部古老的经典作品转化为一小时的舞台剧并与今天的人们，特别是那些成长于20世纪90年代和21世纪的人们联系在一起，这并不是一件容易的事。根据后文的时间状语in the 1990s and 2000s可知，此处应该使用一般过去时。故填grew。48．考查形容词比较级。句意：当时中国人民的生活好得多，我们的国力正在增强。much修饰形容词比较级，much better意为：好得多。故填better。49．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个是关于禹大帝，一位因领导抗灾和统一九州而受人尊敬的著名统治者。介词for之后需要跟动词的ing形式。故填leading。50．考查形容词。句意：另一个是关于西周武王的故事，他建立了一个关注人民生活和国家的繁荣的中央政府。空格处需要形容词修饰名词government，central government“中央政府”。故填central。 51．a52．as well as53．the hottest54．to be avoided55．have been eating56．as57．which58．can59．that60．Besides【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。冬天通常被认为是吃羊肉的最佳季节，但在上海并非如此，羊肉不再只是冬天的美味了，在奉贤区庄行镇最热的三伏天也可以吃到美味的羊肉。奉贤区文化旅游局表示，通过传统节日满足游客旅游、餐饮、娱乐、休闲的需求，实现乡村振兴。51．考查不定冠词。句意：一年一度的羊肉节今天在奉贤区庄行镇开幕，这是该市夏季乡村旅游市场的一个亮点。此处表示“一个”亮点，且highlight是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加a表示“一”。故答案为a。52．考查固定短语。句意：该庆典将持续到22日，届时将举行品尝和烹饪活动以及与农业相关的活动。固定短语：as well as的意思是“也，还有，和……一样”，此处表示“还有”农业相关的活动。故答案为as well as。53．考查形容词最高级。句意：庄行夏季最热的三伏吃羊肉的历史可以追溯到元朝(1279-1368)。此处指夏天“最热的”时候，所以用形容词最高级。故答案为the hottest。54．考查不定式。句意：根据中医原理，山羊肉和牛肉、羊肉一样，被认为是“热”食物，因此在炎热的夏天要避免或少吃。句子主语goat meat和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，此处不定式的被动结构表示将来。故答案为to be avoided。55．考查时态。句意：但是几百年来，奉贤区庄行镇的人们在夏天都吃山羊肉。根据时间状语for hundreds of years,可知句子表示过去发生的事情一直持续到现在并且仍然在继续的事情，所以句子用现在完成进行时，句子主语是the people，复数形式。故答案为have been eating。56．考查时间状语从句。句意：他们一边吃着本地出产的山羊肉，一边喝着自制的绍酒或黄酒。此处是as引导的时间状语从句，as的意思是“一边……，一边……；随着”。故答案为as。57．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这种酒精和山羊肉的丰盛组合能促进出汗，一些传统医学从业者认为，这有助于身体排出毒素，在即将到来的冬天预防疾病。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词which引导。故答案为which。58．考查情态动词。句意：据一份日报报道，周末这一数字可能高达1.2万。此处表示对客观事实的一种推测，所以用情态动词can。故答案为can。59．考查强调句型。句意：奉贤区文化旅游局表示，通过传统节日满足游客旅游、餐饮、娱乐、休闲的需求，实现乡村振兴。强调句型：It is/was+强调部分+that+其他，如果强调部分是人，也可用who代替that。故答案为that。60．考查介词。句意：除了庄行，松江区漳泽镇也有吃羊肉的传统。此处besides是介词，意思是“除……之外，还有……”。故答案为Besides。