专题15 语法填空真题2020-2014-备战2021年高考英语语法填空秒杀思维和技巧

备战2021年高考英语语法填空秒杀思维和技巧专题15 语法填空真题 语法填空真题  历年高考语法填空真题 1.(2020全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess   61   (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is   62   (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot   63   it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular   64   (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so   65   the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4   66   (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it   67   (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon   68   (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how   69   ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether   70   (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.2.(2020全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 61.【】(celebrate)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62.【】(carry)special significance. They represent the earth 63.【】(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
    These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
    Oranges: Orange trees are more  64.【】decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65.【】(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
    Bamboo: Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.66.【】(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67. 【】 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68.【】(care)for and make great presents.Branches of Plum blossoms(梅花):The 69.【】(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70.【】 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
3. (2020全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In ancient China lived an artist 61. ________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62.________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. 63.___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River - perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 64. ________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65._______ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66._________ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out   67.________ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved. 68.________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue; And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69._________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70._____  earth, Mother Nature.4.(2019全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence   61   they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been    62   (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods   63   tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive   64   (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut   65   (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a   66   (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by    67   (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are   68   (high) than they actually are. Of   69    nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six   70   (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.5.(2019全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for   61  （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,    62   she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have   63  （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene   64  （declare） she had no plans   65   （retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I   66  （make） over the years. I work not because I have to,   67   because I want to."Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, "We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call   68   （say） she was short-listed, we thought it was   69   joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's   70   (wonder）.”6. (2019全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On our way to the house，it was raining   61   hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take   62   （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack   63   dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters   64   had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and   65  （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting   66   （compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many   67 （tradition）stories about Hawaii that were   68   （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we   69  （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，  70   （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.7.(2018全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61   (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62      (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 ________ (die) early by running.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64     (be) more effective at lengthening life 65     walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014              66     showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67      (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68     (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69     (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70     a try.8. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61____ (grow) more corn than rice。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __62   __ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 _____(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_________(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased 66________ (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67______(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government  68______  (start) a soil-testing program 69_________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 _____ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.9. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    I'm not sure    61    is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at    62    top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the    63    (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid    64    (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel    65    (challenge).    My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a    66    (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching    67    these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find    68    (they) alive. True to gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal    69   (mean) no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me    70    (stay) and watch.10.（2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）    61      a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side    62    (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.   Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required    63    (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt     64     (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As    65    result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even      66     (bad),  the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food     67     (be) full of fat and salt; by    68    (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.   Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be     69     (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,     70    is not good for the health.11. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.    Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.    Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.12. （2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term     61 ________   (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as  62 __________  model in New York.    Sarah   63 __________  (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah,  64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants  65_________  (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her  66_________  (educate).She has turned down several   67_______  (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree  68___________  engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school  69 ___________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is  70 _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more." 13. （2016全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61____(attract).     So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63_________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_________ I was the first Western TV reporter__66_______ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67______(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.      On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68____ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69______( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.14. （2016全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of   61___ ____ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of   62  ________ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow   63  ___  (be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused  64  our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive  65_____  possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent    66    (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks   67 ______  (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for   68    while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely  69_____   (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,   70_______   (make )sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.15. （2016全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,   41   Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might  42   (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal  43________  (create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 ____________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time,  45  the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which  46  (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,  47_____________-lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the  48________  (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and  49___________ (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat   50____________  their hands.16. （2015全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I__61______(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62_____, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_____ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_______(painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66____________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo__67________(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_____________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69___________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70____________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.17. （2015全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings (土坯房)  61 ______（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even   62 ________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their   63______ (able) to “air condition” a house without   64  ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat    65  ________( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough   66  _______ (cool) the house during the hot day;  67  _______________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle   68  ___________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As   69  __________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly   70  _________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.18. （2014全国卷Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。   Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­__61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.   But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.   Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?   While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be  70 _________ (patience) 19. （2014全国Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。   One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s ____49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers  50 ________(sudden) became friendly to one another.   四、语法填空答案passage1  1. touched  2. extremely  3. Where  4. interest  5. Than 6. to find    7. means      8. is constructed   9. much  10. itsPassage2  1．Celebration  2. Carries  3. Coming  4. Than  5. Decorated 6. Certainly  7. With   8. to care   9. Beautiful  10. thePassage3  1.whose  2.finest  3.be chosen  4. Curiosity  5. When/as    6. Pointed  7. To find  8. Gently  9. Surrounding  10. onPassage4 1. That 2. poorly 3. of/for 4. to perform 5. have reported 6. belief 7. noting  8. higher 9. the  10. arePassage5 1. being  2. which 3. finally 4. declared 5. to retire 6. have made  7. but 8. saying  9. a 10. wonderfulPassage6  1. so 2. to get 3. of 4. Who  5. Recommended 6. competition 7. traditional 8. hugely 9. were 10. listeningPassage 7   1.longer 2.to see 3.dying 4.is 5.than 6.that/which 7.causes 8.strengthen 9.energetic 10.it/running Passage 8 1.has grown 2. That 3.actually 4.to improve 5.than 6.pollution 7.global 8.started 9.that/which 10.feedingPassage 9 1. who 2.the 3.loudest 4.looking 5.challenged 6.scientist 7.for 8.them 9.meant 10.to stay passage 10 1.As  2. effects   3.to process  4.are removed  5.a  6.worse  7.is  8.eating  9.careful  10.which  passage 11  1.Crowds  from   laying  the  were used  fairly  it  managed  introduction  successfulpassage 12  1.Resting  a  has been told/ was told  who  to prove  education  invitations  in  comes certainlypassage 13  1.Attraction  2.was allowed  3.officially  4.to  5.when  6.permitted  7.introducing  8.its  9.days  10.the   passage 14  1.Greater  2.achievement  3.is   4.on  5.as  6.studies  7.regularly  8.a  9.to bring  10. make  passage 15  1.And  2.be made  3.to create  4.using  5.as/when  6.gradually  7.who  8.development  9.were  10.with passage 16  1.Arrived  2.before/earlier  3.its  4.that/which 5. paintings  6.by  7. is  8.conducted  9.regularly 10. livingpassage 17 1.Built  2.the  3.ability  4.using  5.slowly  6.to cool 7. at   8.goes  9.natural 10. how  passage 18  1.Was  2.actually  3.the  4.or  5.to reduce  6.cleaner  7.that/which 8. amazing  9.changes  10.patient  passage 19  1.Being  2.and  3.disappointed  4.to  5.caught  6.to stop 7. riding  8.Did  9.me/mine  10.suddenly