Unit 1 预习 新知早知道1 教材讲解 2021-2022学年 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

Ⅰ.匹配词义A．单词匹配(　　)1.collection A．n.昆虫(　　)2.impressive  B．n.设施(　　)3.facility     C．n.a group of objects that have  been collected(　　)4.insect     D．n.the part of a machine producing power(　　)5.engine     E．adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的[答案]　1－5　CEBADB．短语匹配(　　)1.keep calm　　　　　　 A．留下好印象 (　　)2.make a good impression  B．惊慌地 (　　)3.put sb. under pressure   C．使某人处于压力下 (　　)4.one by one     D．保持镇静 (　　)5.in panic     E．依次地，一个接一个地[答案]　1－5　DACEBⅡ.默写单词1．author n.　　　 作者，作家2．curious adj.     好奇的3．senior adj.      (地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的4．description n.     描述，描写，叙述，形容5．campus n.     校园6．moment n.     某一时刻7．organise  v.     组织8．challenge n.     挑战9．pressure  n.     压力10．calm adj.     镇静的，沉着的Ⅰ.语境填空panic，challenge，breathe，explored，calm，campus，tradition，senior，confident，engine1．After class we go out to breathe the fresh and clean air.2．Having a family gathering is a tradition during the Spring Festival.3．We are all confident that we will get used to the new environment quickly.4．We should keep calm in front of difficulties.5．The snake caused a panic among the visitors.6．The beautiful campus makes the new students feel relaxed.7．I think I could find a better method of learning English at senior high school.8．In front of the challenge，the little boy shows no fear.9．There must be something wrong with the engine．10．They explored the land to the south of the Murray River.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．The first impression (impress)is very important for the new comers.2．Our eagerness (eager)to make a living forces us to find a new place to work.3．Many volunteers prefer to take part in something challenging (challenge).4．The worldwide organisation (organise)was set up to help people in need.5．He is such a curious(curiosity)boy，always asking questions.6．The pressure (press)on our shoulders forces us forward.7．The scientists are setting out for the exploration(explore)in the Arctic.8．All the paintings come from his private collection(collect)for years.9．Your description (describe)of the man helped the policeman a lot.10．In some countries it is traditional(tradition)for a bride to wear white.1．After I had pictured  it over and over again in my mind，the big day finally arrived：my first day at senior high!我反复在脑海中想象这个重大的日子会是怎样的之后，它终于如期而至：我高中生活的第一天！2．I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn't start.我努力开动脑筋，但引擎就是不启动。3．With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.我情绪紧张，做了一个深呼吸。4．“Nice to know we share the same name，” said my new teacher.“很高兴我们俩同名，”我的新老师说。5．People say，“Well begun，half done.”人们说：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”名师圈点①picture vt.想象；描写②over and over again反复地③wake up醒来wake的过去式为woke，过去分词为woken，现在分词为waking。④rush vt.冲；匆忙行事rush out of冲出⑤eagerness n．热切，渴望with eagerness热切地in one's eagerness to do sth.渴望做某事eager adj.渴望的⑥decide to do sth.决定做某事⑦explore v．考察，探险exploration n．探索，探险，勘探⑧noticeboard n．告示牌，布告板⑨turn around/round 转身⑩white­haired adj.白发苍苍的⑪wonder v．想知道；非常惊讶n.惊奇⑫find out查明，弄清；发现⑬step v．踩，踏n.步，脚步；步骤step into 走进……⑭one by one依次地，一个接一个地⑮introduce sb.to...把某人介绍给……an introduction to...对……的介绍⑯turn on打开，启动[反义] turn off 关掉⑰engine n．发动机，引擎⑱insect n．昆虫⑲collection n．(一批)收藏品collect v．收集；募捐⑳organise v．组织organised adj.有组织的，有条理的organisation n．组织，团体㉑nudge n．(通常用肘)轻推give sb.a nudge轻推了一下某人㉒turn n．(依次轮到的)机会It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。㉓butterflies in one's stomach情绪紧张，心里发慌㉔breathe v．呼吸breath n．呼吸的空气㉕panic n．惊恐，惊慌in panic 惊慌地㉖pay attention (to)专心，注意㉗relaxed adj.放松的；自在的relaxing adj.令人放松的㉘well done 做得好(常用来夸某人某事做得好)㉙challenge n．挑战challenging adj.挑战性的㉚pressure n．压力put sb.under pressure使某人处于压力下㉛depend on取决于；依靠㉜calm adj.镇静的，沉着的keep calm保持镇静㉝prepared adj.准备好的prepare v．准备prepare for...为……做准备[比较] be prepared 做好准备的be preparing 正在做准备preparation n．准备make preparations for...为……做准备㉞make the most of 充分利用(＝make the best of＝ make full use of)㉟Well begun，half done.[谚语]好的开始是成功的一半。原文呈现My First Day at Senior HighMonday 4 September 1．After I had pictured①it over and over again② in my mind【1】，the big day finally arrived：my first day at senior high！I woke up③ early and rushed  out of ④ the door in my eagerness⑤ to get to know my new school【2】．【1】连词After引导时间状语从句，从句的谓语had pictured是过去完成时，表示这个动作发生在主句谓语动词arrived所表示的动作之前，也就是“过去的过去”。【2】此处为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词eagerness。2．The campus was still quiet when I arrived，so I decided to⑥ explore⑦ a bit.I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard⑧ when I heard a voice behind me.【3】“New here？” Turning around⑨【4】，I saw a white­haired⑩man.“Yes，” I replied.“I'm wondering⑪what life is going to be like here.”【5】“Don't worry，” he gave me a smile.“You'll soon find out⑫.”【3】该句包含了“Sb.was doing sth.when...”句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……”。when是并列连词，表示“这时/那时”。【4】此处为现在分词短语作时间状语。【5】what life is going to be like here是what引导的宾语从句，作wondering的宾语。life是从句中的主语，what是连接代词，作介词like的宾语，构成了what sth.is like的固定搭配。 3．How true these words were！【6】When my English teacher stepped⑬into the classroom，I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier 【7】．【6】该句是How引导的感叹句，同时How作状语修饰作表语的形容词true。【7】句中的to see the same   man...earlier是动词不定式作原因状语，表示was surprised的原因。 “I had met earlier”是省略了that的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词man。4．“Good morning，everyone.Before we start，please come to the front one by one⑭and introduce yourself to⑮the class.I'll go first...” 5．“What？！” I tried to turn on⑯my brain but the engine⑰just wouldn't start.“I should say my name，of course.But what else? What could I say to make a good first impression【8】？Something about my insect⑱collection⑲，perhaps.” I was organising⑳my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge㉑.“It's your turn㉒！”【8】此处为不定式短语作目的状语。6．With butterflies in my stomach㉓【9】，I breathed㉔deeply.“Hi，I'm Meng Hao.” Everyone started laughing.I looked at them in panic㉕.“Nice to know we share the same name，” said my new teacher.I had been too nervous to pay attention㉖【10】when he introduced himself！Although I was embarrassed，his words made me a lot more relaxed㉗！【11】【9】With butterflies in my stomach是“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，在句中作原因状语。butterflies是宾语；介词短语in my stomach是宾语补足语。【10】该句中使用了“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能 ……”【11】Although I was embarrassed是Although引导的让步状语从句。Although是连接词，意为“虽然”。主句使用了“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“使……”，其中，me是宾语，形容词relaxed作宾语补足语，表示宾语me的状态。a lot修饰比较级more relaxed。7．When we had all introduced ourselves，Mr Meng said，“Well done㉘，everyone！I know this isn't easy for many of you.But this is just the kind of thing you are going to face【12】 at senior high.Challenges㉙like this might sometimes put you under pressure㉚.But it all depends on㉛ what you do【13】．Keep calm㉜and be prepared㉝.That way 【14】，you'll make the most of ㉞ your time at senior high.”【12】此处是省略了关系词的定语从句。【13】 what you do是what引导的宾语从句，作depends on 的宾语。连接代词what在宾语从句中作do的宾语，意为“……的事情”。【14】 That way是方式状语，意为“那样”。8．People say，“Well begun，half done.㉟”I guess this was a good beginning to my new school life.译文参考我高中生活的第一天星期一，九月四日1．我反复在脑海中想象这个重大的日子会是怎样的之后，它终于如期而至：我高中生活的第一天！我早早醒来，怀着想了解新学校的急切心情冲出家门。2．我到学校时，校园里仍然悄然无声，所以我决定探索一下。我正看着布告栏里的照片，这时听到了身后的说话声。“(你是)新来的吗？”我转身，看到一位白发苍苍的老人。“是的，”我答道。“我在想以后在这里的生活会是怎样的。”“不用担心，”他笑着对我说。“你很快就会知道了。”3．他的话真是太对了！当我的英语老师走进教室时，我惊奇地发现他就是我之前遇到的那个人。4．“早上好，同学们。上课前，请大家逐一走 到 前边，向全班介绍自己。我先来……”5．“什么？！”我努力开动脑筋，但引擎就是不启动。“当 然，我应该说一下我的名字，但是还有什么呢？我应该说什么才能留下良好的第一印象呢？也许应该说说我收集的昆虫。”我正在脑海里组织语言时，我旁边的女孩用胳膊肘轻轻推了我一下。“该你了！”6．我情绪紧张，做了一个深呼吸。“大家好，我是孟浩。”所有人都开始笑。我惊慌失措地看着他们。“很高兴我们俩同名，”我的新老师说。我太紧张了，老师做自我介绍都没有注意听！虽然我很尴尬，但他的话让我放松了许多！7．大家都做完自我介绍以后，孟老师说：“所有人都做得很棒！我知道，这对许多同学来说并非易事，但这正是你们在高中生活中将要面对的事情。类似这样的挑战或许有时会让你们有压力。不过一切都取决于你们去做什么。保持镇定，做好准备。这样，你们就能充分利用你们的高中时间。”8．人们说：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”我想这就是我崭新的学校生活的一个良好的开端。