Unit 4 突破 语法大冲关 教材讲解 2021-2022学年 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

定语从句(Ⅰ)一、定语从句的定义与分类在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的有关系代词、关系副词和介词＋关系代词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。二、关系代词引导的定语从句[观察典例]They ignored the details which/that might account for the accident.This is the suitcase (that/which)she is looking for.The number of the people who/that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.Danny was the man (who/whom/that) we rescued from the ruins.I know the person whose  house was totally destroyed in the earthquake.It's the house whose door is painted red.She is no longer the girl(that)she was ten years ago.I hate the way (that)she always criticizes me.[归纳用法]关系代词指代在从句中所作的成分是否省略who人主语、宾语作主语和定语时不能省略。作宾语、表语和状语时可以省略。whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人/物主语、宾语、表语、状语whose 人/物定语[即学即练1]　用适当的关系代词填空①They were well trained by their masters who  had great experience with caring for these animals.②In the cafe，customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment that/which is created for them.③He is a man whose opinion I respect.④This is the place which/that is worth visiting.⑤I don't like the  way that he looks at me.三、在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用that而不用which的情况[观察典例]Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside?This is the first two­storey bus that runs in our city.Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.This is the very scarf that mother has been looking for.Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain?[归纳用法]1．当先行词是all，little，few，none，anything，something，everything，nothing等词时。2．当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。3．当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the right等修饰时。4．当先行词既有人又有物时。[即学即练2]　用适当的关系代词填空①Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.②The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.③This is the very book that I want to buy.④She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.⑤This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．When the girl studied in England，she lived with a host family whose members always helped her.2．I was amazed at the number of people who/that visited the Forbidden City on Saturday.3．The man is talking about the teachers and things that encouraged him greatly in school.4．The International Red Cross is an organization whose purpose is to help the sick and the needy.5．The man who/that is talking with my father is a policeman.6．The professor who/that/whom you wish to see has gone abroad.7．Do you have anything that is important to tell me?8．A shop should keep a stock of those goods which/that sell best.9．Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.10．The boys who/that are playing football are on the playground.Ⅱ.语法填空This afternoon a man 1.who/that dressed in rags came into the shop.We all stared at him 2.doubtfully(doubtful)when he said he wanted a new coat.I took him downstairs and showed him a cheap coat 3.which/that would cost him only 4.a small amount of money.I thought he might be a bit upset about the price，but  5.on the contrary he did not seem to care about it at all.I didn't mean to be rude but I have no patience with customers 6.who/that can't decide.So I persuaded him to buy it.Then the most unbelievable thing 7.that happened to me was that he handed me a million pound bank note.I didn't know whether it was genuine or not，so I 8.sought(seek)out my boss to ask his advice.He told me that I had indeed made a serious mistake by judging this man by the clothes 9.that/which he wore.My boss looked very angry and told me to find the coat 10.that/which is the best in the shop for the man immediately.I have never seen him so kind to anybody else like that before.As for me，I felt terrible for the rest of the day!