Unit 4 预习 新知早知道1 教材讲解 2021-2022学年 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

Ⅰ.匹配词义A．单词匹配(　　)1.forever A．adj.different from what is normal(　　)2.wi­fi     B．n. a well­known phrase or statement  that expresses sth. about life (　　)3.unusual     C．n.无线网络，无线上网(　　)4.saying     D．n.浴水，洗澡水(　　)5.bathwater     E．adv.永远[答案]　1－5　ECABDB．短语匹配(　　)1.thanks to  A．不了解……的情况， 不了解……的动态(　　)2.in view     B．归功于……，多亏……(　　)3.throw the baby out with the bathwater     C．社交媒体(　　)4.lose track of   D．不分良莠一起抛弃(　　)5.social media  E．在视野范围内[答案]　1－5　BEDACⅡ.默写单词1．familiar adj.  熟悉的2．adventure n.  历险(经历)，奇遇3．prefer v.     更喜欢4. deliver v.     递送，传送5．advance n.     进步，进展6．significantly adv.  重大地，显著地7. maintain v.     保持，维持8．enable v.     使可能，使发生9．tend v.     易于做某事，往往会发生某事10．acquire v.     获得，得到11．prove v.     证明，证实12. click v.     点击(鼠标)13．digital adj.   数字的，数码的14．site n.     网站15．update n.     最新消息16．goods n.     商品17．illustrate v.   (举例)说明，阐明18. diagram n.     图解，示意图Ⅰ.语境填空click，goods，maintain，digital，forever，update，tend，site，acquire，diagram 1．The digital camera was bought online at a low price.2．With the development of society，more and more volunteers tend to offer their helping hands to people in need.3．These goods were nice in quality but were at low prices.4．In order to maintain relationships，the two young men get together twice a year.5．Click the mouse to select what you want and then buy it.6．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.7．All the information you acquire by asking questions will make you more knowledgeable.8．The diagram he drew by himself was of great value for the explorers.9．They invested a large sum of money on the foundation of the school site．10．People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever．Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．The advanced (advance)civilization was valuable for the ancient Egyptians.2．Just be patient.No one could help you improve your English significantly (significant)in just two weeks.3．The new walking tool will enable (able)the old man to walk around easily.4．We hope this adventurous (adventure)journey will make you gain some useful experience.5．As we know，trying an unfamiliar (familiar)way can lead to an expected failure.6．It's unusual (usual)to have an average student as the monitor of the newly­found class.7．To give a definition of a word is more difficult than to give an illustration (illustrate)of its use.8．The little girl has a preference(prefer)for the novels on animal life.9．I shall continue to believe it until I have proof(prove)to the contrary.10．Many stores have a delivery (deliver)service for the customers in the same city.1．CLICK FOR A FRIEND?一键交友？2．This was how things worked not very long ago.不久之前，朋友之间的交流还都是这样的。3．But when you “friend” people online，does this mean that they really are your friends?然而，在网上跟别人“结为朋友”，这就意味着他们真的是你的朋友吗？4．It depends.视情况而定。5．As Aristotle said，no one would choose to live without friends，even if he had all other goods.正如亚里士多德所说的那样，没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，即使他拥有其他的一切。名师圈点①mean v．产生……结果，意味着mean doing sth.意味着做某事②lose track of失去联系keep track of保持联系③thanks to 由于，多亏④advance n. 进步，进展 vi.前进；进展⑤significantly adv. 显著地，重大地⑥remain vi. 仍然是，保持不变⑦be up to从事，忙于；胜任；该由……负责⑧digital adj.数字的，数码的the digital age数码时代⑨enable vt.使可能，使发生⑩unusual adj.异常的，不平常的⑪instrument n．乐器 ⑫connect sb.with...把某人同……联系起来⑬friend熟词生义 v．(社交网站上)加……为好友⑭It depends.视情况而定。⑮exchange vt. 交流，交换⑯meaningful adj. 有意义的⑰keep...in mind把……记在心上⑱tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事tend to do sth.易于做某事⑲post v．公布，发布⑳smiling photos 面带微笑的照片㉑criminal n．罪犯㉒longing n．渴望，热望 longing for...对……的渴望文化采风1．On the Internet，nobody knows you are a dog.在互联网上，没人知道你是一条狗。这是一句互联网上的常用语，因作为《纽约客》1993 年7月5日刊登的一则漫画的标题而流行。2．throw the baby out with the bathwater是习语，意为“不分良莠一起抛弃”，直译为“把婴儿和洗澡水一起泼掉”。该习语喻指在摒弃不重要的东西的同时，将重要的东西也抛弃了。3．Aristotle(亚里士多德)，古希腊人，是世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家，希腊哲学的集大成者。他是柏拉图的学生，亚历山大的老师。马克思曾称亚里士多德是古希腊哲学家中最博学的人物，恩格斯称他是“古代的黑格尔”。他的著作涉及伦理学、形而上学、心理学、经济学、神学、政治学、修辞学、自然科学、教育学、诗歌、风俗以及雅典法律等。原文呈现CLICK FOR A FRIEND?1．How would you feel if moving to a new town meant① losing track of② your friends？What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? 【1】 This was how things worked not very long ago【2】．Thanks to③ advances④ in technology，how we make friends and communicate with them【3】 has changed significantly⑤.【1】此处为“What if...”句式，意为“要是……会怎么样？”；其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词letters。【2】 how things worked not   very long ago是 how引导的表语从句，how在从句中作方式状语。【3】how we make...with them为how引导的主语从句。2．Nowadays，we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain⑥ friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to⑦ and maintain friendships.【4】 All you need is a wi­fi connection.【4】本句中and连接两个并列的非谓语动词see和maintain；其中 what our friends are up to为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。3．The digital  age⑧ also enables⑨ us to find people who share our interests，such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual⑩ instrument⑪.Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with⑫ others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world.【5】【5】本句是主从复合句，其中Whatever our hobbies是“特殊疑问词＋ ­ever”引导的让步状语从句，主句中包含who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词others；even if 引导让步状语从句。4．But when you “friend⑬”people online，does this mean that they really are your friends?5．It depends⑭.6．If people always exchange⑮ true personal information online，then yes，these friendships can be real and meaningful⑯.But we need to keep in mind⑰ that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.【6】【6】本句中that what we...about a person为宾语从句，作keep的宾语，因宾语太长，故将宾语后置；其中what we see on social media为what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作see的宾语。7．On social media sites，people tend to⑱ post⑲ only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.But smiling photos⑳ can hide real problems.Remember the saying：on the Internet，nobody knows you're a dog.A young person could be old；a woman could be a man；we could even be sharing our information with criminals㉑.8．But this doesn't mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends，the meaning of friendship and our longing㉒ for friends remain the same.【7】 As Aristotle said，no one would choose to live without friends，even if he had all other goods.【7】本句中Although引导让步状语从句；其中we acquire friends为省略了关系词that或in which的定语从句，修饰先行词the way。译文参考一键交友？1．如果搬家到一个新的城镇意味着与你的朋友失去联系，那么你会感觉如何？如果只有通过写信和漫长的等待才能得知远方朋友的消息，你会怎样？不久之前，朋友之间的交流还都是这样的。由于科技的进步，我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。2．现在，我们可以搬到世界各地，并仍然能与我们想维持朋友关系的人保持联系。社交媒体工具让我们了解朋友的最新状态并维系友谊。你需要的只是连上wi­fi。3．数码时代还让我们找到志趣相投的人，比如收集汽车模型或演奏某种罕见乐器。无论我们爱好什么，互联网总能把我们与喜爱做这些事情的人联系起来，即使那些人生活在世界的另一边。4．然而，在网上跟别人“结为朋友”，这就意味着他们真的是你的朋友吗？5．视情况而定。6．如果人们总是在网上交换个人的真实信息，那么是的，这样的友谊可能是真实且有意义的。但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。7．在社交媒体网站上，人们往往只会将正面的最新信息展现出来，让他们看起来很快乐、很友好。但是，微笑的照片可以掩盖真正的问题。记住这句：“在互联网上，没有人知道你是一条狗”。年轻人可能实际年龄很大；女人可能是男人；我们甚至可能正在与罪犯分享自己的信息。8．但这并不意味着我们要不分良莠一起抛弃。虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然未变。正如亚里士多德所说的那样，没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，即使他拥有了其他的一切。