人教版 (新课标)必修1&2必修1Unit 1 Friendship教课内容课件ppt

这是一份人教版 (新课标)必修1&2必修1Unit 1 Friendship教课内容课件ppt

Direct speech 直接引语和间接引语& indirect speech 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内,这叫直接引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转述, 不用引号这叫间接引语(Indirect speech).Mr. Black said, “I’m busy.” (直接引语）Mr. Black said that he was busy.” (间接引语）直接引语与间接引语由直接引语变为间接引语需注意的三个变化人称变化时态变化状语变化（时间状语和地点状语）指示代词的变化动词的变化陈述句直接引语若为陈述句，变为间接引语时，间接引语往往变成由从属连词that（在口语中可省略）引导的宾语从句，引述动词常用say、tell等注意:可以说said that, said to sb that, told sb that，不可直接说told that )。从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应的变化He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” →He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” → He ____________________ he would give us an examination the next Monday. said to me/ told me that1. 注意时态的变化 1) 如主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的时态不需变化。He says, "He wants to be a singer."→He says that he wants to be a singer.如主句是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词必须是与过去相关的时态。从句的谓语动词时态变化如下：一般现在时→一般过去时 一般将来时→过去将来时 现在进行时→过去进行时 现在完成时→过去完成时 过去完成时不变Tina said, '"I usually get up at six." Martin told me, "I rang Alice yesterday. "Nina told me, "Lisa is studying abroad." Nell said, "I have worked out this problem." Tina said that she usually got up at six.Martin told me that he had rang Alice the day before.Nina told me that Lisa was studying abroad.Nell said that she had worked out that problem.2. 注意人称变化，指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词的变化指示代词 this→that, these→those, 时间状语now→then, today→that day, this week→that week, yesterday→the day before, last week→the week before ,four days ago→four days before ,the day before yesterday→ two days before ,tomorrow→the next day, next month→the next month.地点状语here→there 动词的变化come→go, bring→takeHe said, "I like it very much."Toby said to me, "This is the School Computer Center."The boy said, "I put all the things there."My sister asked me, "Could you bring the chairs upstairs？"He said that he liked it very much.Toby said to me that that was the School Computer Center.The boy said that I put all the things there.My sister asked me if I could take the chairs upstairs."注意：直接引语变间接引语时，以下情况时态不需变化。1. 直接引语表述的是客观真理,谚语、格言The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.My father told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed.2. 直接引语带有具体的过去时间状语 He said that his father was born in 1995.3. 直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, might, must, need，used to等He told me that I had better get up early.4. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时 He told me that he was watching TV when he came in.三．疑问句如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序(即主语在谓语的前面)1）一般疑问句 间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，疑问句语序变为陈述句的语序 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” →He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “Are you interested in English?” →He __________________interested in English. asked if I was2）特殊疑问句 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序 He said to me，“What's your name?” →He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.3）选择疑问句 用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” →He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 当堂检测案：把下列直接引语改为间接引语1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”2．She said: “He will be busy.” 3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”He said that he had left his book in his room.She said that he would be busy.She said to Tom whether I could help him.She asked whether that book was mine or his.The teacher asked how I had repaired it.