2022高考英语一轮复习英语阅读理解标准做题流程


2022高考英语专题
阅读理解标准做题流程
一、认识阅读理解
考纲维度：
要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告
以及书报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：
1.理解主旨要义；
2.理解文中具体信息；
3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；
4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理；
5.理解文章的基本结构；
6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 （摘自 2021高考说明）
推论：
1.阅读理解考察的能力为_____________________________________________;
2.文章背景不了解，不会对解题产生任何影响。
文章写作维度:
1.高考所考四大文体_________、___________、____________、___________。
2.文体由_____________________决定；
3.题目考察的主要能力是___________,而不是对文学上的写作手法进行赏析。
二．提升信息锁定速度的方法:
时间有限，有词汇障碍的情况下，优先看 __________ 出自何处。
第 1 页



Beij ing Imperial Court Food
I mperi al Court Food (宫廷菜) is a style of food with origins in the Imperial Palace and it
is well-known for the original features of the raw materials and carefully selected ingredients.
In addition, the dishes are decorated with di f f erent colored vegetables and f rui ts in various
shapes. Each dish has a special name, such as Yu Feng Huan Chao. And some of them even
have short stories. Today, I mperi al Court Food has become an important school of Chinese
cooking with several places offering this special taste. While expensive, it is worth trying.
Fangshan Restaurant
Fangshan Restaurant is the most famous one offering the first-class Imperial Court Food.
The restaurant is made up of three parts and it can hol d 500 people eating at the ti me. It is
decorated in i mperi al style with the design of dragon and phoenix. Here is the best place to
experience the life of the Chinese emperors in former days. Now, it serves nearly 800 kinds of
I mperi al Court Dishes. Among them, Man-Han Banquet is the most famous.
Li Jia Cai Restaurant
The dinner here is served by set menu starting at ¥298/ person. T hat is to say, a quest
cannot order a dish but a set of dishes. There are no chemicals in the dishes and all tastes are
natural. This restaurant has welcomed many f amous people including Bill Gates, the former
premier of Britain, John Major, and Chinese superstar Jackie Chan.
Y ushan Restaurant
The layout of the restaurant follows the imperial palace. When eating in the restaurant,
diners are served by waitresses in traditional i mperi al clothes.
Da Zhai Men
The dishes and snacks cooked in this restaurant are worthy to have a try. And, the
traditional performances atnight is one of the restaurant’s attractions.
Royal Palace
Both of the food and services of this restaurant are so good. Y ou can also enjoy some
wonderful performances in this large courtyard.
第 2 页



1.By writing this passage, the author mainly aims to _________.
A. To describe some popular food in Beijing
B. To persuade the readers to try Imperial Court Food
C. To compare different restaurants of I mperi al Court Food
D. To introduce Imperial Court Food and concerned restaurants
2.We can probably read this passage in ________.
A. a geography book
C. a science fiction
B. a research report
D. a travel magazine
第 3 页


C
Wugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charity (慈善) at no cost to the
user. By using Everyclick.com, which is bei ng added to a number of university computers
across the UK, students can raise money every time they search, butit won’t cost them a penny.
Research shows that students are extremely passionate about supporting charity— 88% of full
time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This age group is often the least likely
to have their own income. 19% of 22 to 24 year olds have short-term debts of more than 5,000.
With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal
loans and a lack of long- term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not
appealing or possible.
Beth Truman, a 21 years old recent university graduate, has used Everyclick.com to
donate to herchosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the “wugging” movement
grow in popularity with students. “When you’re at university you become more socially aware,
but it’s sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself,” says Beth.
“Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a
daily basis to give to charity, without costing them a single penny.”
Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but
don’t feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can raise money for causes
they care about without costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a
valuable source of f undi ng.
Everyclick.com works like any other search engine, al l owi ng users to search for
information, news and images but users can decide which of the UK’s 170,000 charities they
would like to support through their clicks. Everyclick.com then makes monthl y payments to
every registered charity. Launched in J une 2005, Everyclick.com is now the eighth largest
search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK.
在做题之前：
1.本文文体是什么？
2.本文说明的对象是什么？
3.这个东西的定义是什么？
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1. What does “wugging” show according to the passage?
A. a website.
B. a school organization.
D. a charity-related action.
C. a student movement.
2. How does Beth Truman think of the “Wugging”?
A. It makes giving to charity easy.
B. It is a common way to promote the student’s social awareness.
C. It is easier to search for information.
D. It stresses the importance of charity in people’s daily.
3. From the passage, we can conclude that ________.
A. most full time students do charity on the internet every day
B. Everyclick.com helps students pay for the college education
C. “Wugging” is a win-win idea for both students and charities
D. Everyclick.com is the most successful search engine in the UK
4. What is the best title for this passage?
A. “Wugging”, A New Technology for the internet.
B. British People Show Strong Interest in Charities.
C. More Britain Charities Benefit from the Internet.
D. Students Raise Money for Charity by “Wugging”.
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【2019天津 C】
How does an ecosystem (生态系统) work？What makes the populations of di f f erent
species the way they are？Why are there so many flies and so few wolves？To find an answer，
scientists have buil t mathematical model s of food webs，noting who eats whom and how
much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.
Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When
a predator (掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey (猎物), the two species are
strongly l i nked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly l i nked. Food webs
may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long
term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction (灭绝) of one of them.
And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species
becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep
species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical model s have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small
changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s,
scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control
over the size of populations of other species— including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human acti vi ti es have proved the i dea of top-down control by top
predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale,
while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected
the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the
system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a
breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention
is key, scientists says because once ecosystems pass thei r tipping point (临界点), it is
remarkably difficult for them to return.
在做题之前：
1.本文文体是什么？
2.本文说明的是什么东西?
3.这个东西的定义是什么？
第 6 页


46. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs？
A. The living habits of species in food webs.
B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
47. A strong link is found between two species when a predator______.
A. has a wide food choice
B. can easily find new prey
C. sticks to one prey species
D. can quickly move to another place
48. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline？
A. The prey species they directly attack will die out.
B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.
C. The living environment of other species will remai n unchanged.
D. The populations of other species will experi ence unexpected changes.
49. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4？
A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.
B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.
C. Species of commercial value dominate other species.
D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable.
50. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance？
A. By getting illegal practices under control.
B. By stopping us from killing large predators.
C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.
D. By signalling the urgent need for taking preventive action.
推论：
1.为了提升处理和筛选信息的速度，务必在做题前用最快的速度判断文章的________
和_______。可通过___________________________获得。
2.为了确保不出错误，再通过三步法做题：
·画出________中的关键词；
a.大写专有名词或特殊符号标注的词（___________________________）
b.数字 （_________________________）
c.动词 (___________________________)
·在________中找出关键词所在位置；
机械式扫描，求速度。
·精读_____________，比对选项，选出正确答案。
第 7 页