英语必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues学案设计

这是一份英语必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues学案设计，共5页。

v.­ing形式作宾语补足语和状语是本单元的语法内容，也是v.­ing的重点和难点。希望同学们认真学习掌握他们的用法。
[观察例句]
brther cmplained，thinking f the high tuitin fees.
2．Thinking f all the peple still in need f help，Dr.Lin pened a private clinic.
3．The new Peple's Republic f China saw Dr.Lin Qiazhi playing a key rle.
[归纳用法]
一、v.­ing形式作宾语补足语
1．(1)v.­ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。
When we returned t the schl，we fund a stranger standing at the entrance.
当我们回到学校时，发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
I fund a bag lying n the grund.
我发现地上放着一个包。
(2)当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的v.­ing形式便转换为主语补足语。
They fund the result very satisfying.
＝The result is fund very satisfying.
这个结果很令人满意。
They heard him singing in the next rm.
＝He was heard singing in the next rm.
有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。
2．能用v.­ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词
(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词(短语)，常见的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，ntice，bserve，lk at，listen t等
We saw a light burning in the windw.
我们看见窗户里有一盏灯在亮着。
Can yu smell anything burning?
你闻到有东西烧着了吗？
(2)表示致使意义的动词，常见的有have，set，keep，get，catch，leave等
I'm srry t have kept yu waiting.
让你一直等着我感觉很抱歉。
I can't get the clck ging again.
我不能让钟表再次转动。
(3)在with复合结构中的使用
在with复合结构中，v.­ing形式充当宾语补足语，表示动作“正在进行”。
Des Kilimanjar deserve its reputatin as a crwded muntain with lines f turists ruining the atmsphere f peace?
乞力马扎罗山作为一座人群拥挤的山，挤满了成队的游客，破坏了它宁静的气氛，它应得这样的声誉吗？
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①The teacher has kept the naughty by standing(stand) the whle mrning.
②Dn't leave the water running(run) while yu brush yur teeth.
③He saw a girl wandering(wander) n the street this time yesterday.
④With Christmas appraching(apprach)，a Christmas party will be held in the schl.
二、v.­ing形式作状语
1．v.­ing形式或v.­ing形式短语作状语时，可以在句中充当让步、时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随或补充说明等状语。与句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系(是主动的)。
Nt cming n time, he was punished.
＝Because he didn't cme n time，he was punished.(原因)
因为没有按时来，他受到了惩罚。
Reading the bk, he ndded frm time t time.
＝While he was reading the bk，he ndded frm time t time.(时间)
读那本书的时候，他不时地点头。
Wrking hard，yu will succeed.
＝If yu wrk hard，yu will succeed.(条件)
努力工作，你才会成功。
Having failed many times，he didn't lse heart.
＝Thugh he had failed many times，he didn't lse heart.(让步)
尽管失败了许多次，他仍然没有丧失信心。
The teacher std there，reading a newspaper.
＝The teacher std there，and read a newspaper.
(伴随，可以转化为一个并列句)
老师站在那儿，看着报纸。
Please answer the questin using anther way.(方式)
请用另外一种方式回答这个问题。
The visiting minister expressed his satisfactin with the talks，adding that he had enjyed his stay here.(补充说明)
这位来访的部长表达了对这次会谈的认可，他还补充说他此次来访很愉快。
His father died，leaving him a lt f mney.(结果)
他爸爸去世了，留给他许多钱。
2．v.­ing形式的否定式
v．­ing形式的否定式由“nt＋v.­ing形式”构成。
Nt knwing where t g，she went t the plice fr help.
不知道要去哪儿，她向警察寻求帮助。
Nt being seen by anyne，the thief escaped.
趁着没被任何人看见，小偷逃跑了。
Nt having dne it right，I tried again.
由于没做对，我又尝试了一次。
3．v.­ing形式的时态
(1)一般式：v.­ing形式的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
She sat there，reading a nvel.
她坐在那里看小说。
A little child learning t walk ften falls.
学走路的小孩常常跌倒。
(2)v.­ing形式的完成式所表示的动作通常在谓语动词的动作之前发生。
Having finished her hmewrk，the little girl began t watch TV.
做完作业后，这个小女孩开始看电视。
Having lived in Beijing fr many years，Carter knew the city well.
因为在北京住了多年，卡特对这个城市很熟悉。
4．v.­ing形式的被动式
v．­ing形式的被动式表示其逻辑主语与v.­ing动作之间是被动关系。
(1)v.­ing形式的一般被动式。
The building being built is ur library.
正在建的那栋楼是我们的图书馆。
Being repaired，the swimming pl wn't pen until next mnth.
由于正在被维修，直到下个月游泳池才会开放。
[名师点津] v．­ing形式的一般被动式being dne常作定语，表示被动的动作正在发生。
(2)v.­ing形式的完成被动式。
Having been warned by the teacher，the students didn't make such mistakes.
被老师警告之后，那些学生不再犯这样的错误了。
Having been tld many times，he still did nt knw hw t d it.
被告知好多次了，他还是不知道怎么做。
[名师点津] v．­ing形式的完成被动式having been dne常作状语。
5．一般说来，v.­ing形式作状语，它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，但事实上有少数例外的情况，少部分v.­ing形式可以充当独立成分，这时句子主语与其无任何语法关系，为固定形式。常见的有：
generally/strictly/exactly/hnestly speaking 大体上/严格/准确/老实地说；judging frm/by根据……判断；cnsidering考虑到；cncerning关于。
Generally speaking，wmen are mre patient than men.一般来说，女性比男性更有耐心。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①Hearing(hear) the news，they immediately set ff fr Shanghai.
②Studying(study) hard，yu are sure t get first prize.
③Peple use plastic in their daily life，leaving(leave) large amunts f waste.
④He came running(run) int the rm.
⑤The ld man，having wrked(wrk) abrad fr twenty years，is n the way back t his mtherland.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I can't imagine Billy riding(ride) a mtrbike.
2．Her jke set us laughing(laugh)．
3．When I came ut f the theatre，I nticed a grup f children playing(play) musical instruments acrss the street.
4．She sat at the desk ding(d) her hmewrk.
5．Cming(cme) frm Jrdan，he mves clse t ask yu a questin.
6．Lking(lk) arund，I fund there was n ne nearby.
7．He was s angry that he threw the ty n the grund，breaking(break) it int pieces.
8．The girl was nticed quarreling(quarrel) with an ld man at 9 'clck yesterday.
9．Judging(judge) frm his accent，he is frm the suth f China.
10．Having struggled(struggle) with depressin，eating disrders and alchl abuse fr years，he nw understands hw imprtant being healthy is.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
Each year 1.thusands(thusand) f turists visit the plar regins f the Arctic and Antarctica.But the increasing number f peple 2.travelling(travel) t the ends f the Earth can have 3.a negative effect n fragile ecsystems. Shuld turists 4.be allwed (allw)t visit plar regins?
Abut 40，000 turists visit Antarctica each year.Mre than five millin travel t the Arctic and sub­(transprt) turists t the regins increases ship and airplane traffic，6.adding(add) t the risk f pllutin, il spills, and ther envirnmental damage.Because the places where wildlife accessible 7.are(be) few in number, turist traffic can becme cncentrated in specific areas，8.putting(put) Arctic vegetatin at risk.
Others say that access t these very special parts f the wrld shuld nt be restricted t nly researchers and scientists. Plar turism allws peple t develp deep 9.persnal(persn) cnnectins with plar regins.“Thse 10.wh travel t the Arctic r Antarctica ften becme cheerleaders fr supprting thse places.” Jim San, vice president fr travel and cnservatin at Wrld Wildlife Fund, tld TFK.