仁爱英语八年级上册Unit1Topic3知识点

Unit 1  Topic 2 I’ll kick you the ball again.一、重点单词变形1.动词原形变过去式can----could    will----would     do----did     keep---kept     lose----lost     buy----bught       teach----taught     bring----brought    make---made      throw---threwgive----gave        have---had       come---came     stop---stopped    become---becamebegin--began    hit----hit   hitting（ing形式）    sit---sat   sitting（ing形式）    hurt----hurt put---put  putting（ing形式）  get---got   getting（ing形式）      break → brokesay---said
2.动词变名词invent    inventor发明家    invention发明物     play（玩）---player（运动员，播放器）love (爱)-----lover （爱好者）名词变形容词nation（国家）---national（国家的，民族的）4.名词复数century-----(复数)centuries           coach-------(复数)coaches    hero----heroes5.indoor(反义词)outdoor    careless(反义词)careful  6..原级、比较级和最高级good\well---better ----best     little----less--least     many\much----more\mostoften---more often     fun----more fun      popular----more popular------most popularimportant----more important----most important ill (同义词)----sick    illness (可数名词) angry --adj生气的，气愤的   anger-- n.生气      angrily-- adv.生气地二、重点词组：Section  A
help sb.= give sb. a hand  帮某人的忙；have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛one of my teammates我的一名队友fall ill =be ill(fall-fell)生病；practice doing sth.  练习做某事；pass sb. sth=pass sth. to sb.把某物递给某人kick sb sth=kick sth to sb把某物踢给某人mind doing (enjoy finish practice同)on the playground在操场上keep doing sth: 坚持做某事 keep sb doing sth：让某人一直做某事keep sb / sth + 形容词 使某人/某物是.....样的ask sb to do sth叫某人做某事tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事right away= at once立刻，马上somewhere else某处，别处would like to do sth想做某事want to do sth想做某事feel like doing sth想做某事have a try试一试throw around 乱扔；乱抛
Section B
do one’s best = try one’s best尽某人最大努力；do one’s best to do sth.=try one’s best to do sth. 某人尽力去干某事； be angry with sb. 生某人的气；say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉；say hello to sb. 向某人打招呼/问候；say goodbye to sb.  向某人道别；be sorry for/about sth.为某事感到（懊悔、自责、惭愧）；keep doing sth. 坚持做某事；keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直干某事；next time下次 be sure to do sth.  确信要做某事（表将来）；   be sure +(that)确信……； be sure about sth.  对某事确信；finish doing sth完成做某事the finish line终点线in an angry way 以一种生气的方式with the help of sb. = with one’s help在某人的帮助下；be good at擅长.. = do well in在...做得好 Be bad at= be weak in =do badly in在...做的不好do better 做得更好；shout at sb. 对某人大喊大叫；take about 谈论，讨论；fight with sb. = have a fight with sb.  和某人打架/ 争论；do well in = be good at 在某方面做得好；It’s nothing没关系 
Section C
on each basketball team在每个篮球队the United States 美国；have a history of +一段时间拥有…的历史； over = more than  超过；throw… into… 把……投进……；throw....out of....把……抛出；both sides=each side=either side两边so that为了，以便；more and more 越来越……；come into being = be born 形成，产生；come from = be from  来自；for example = such as 例如；both...and... (两者)都.……；at first 起初； in bad weather 在不好的天气里；an indoor game 一个室内游戏；have good skills 拥有好的技能；have a good skill(to do)有技巧（做...）follow the rules=obey the rules遵守规则enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事； for example+句；such as+名词、代词或ving      例如，比如 score points 得分； a (large) number of+名复...V复数 许多the number of+名复...V单数 ...数量so that =in order that(接句)为了、以便in order to do (接动词原形) 
Section D
sports lover.运动爱好者for example+句；例如，比如such as+名词、代词或ving  例如，比如early spring早春hundreds of years’ history成百上千年的历史 with hundreds of years' history有上千年历史just for fun 只为开心/乐趣one of the most popular sports最受欢迎的运动之一turn… into=change...into把…变成… hold the ball 抓住球on grass 在草地上hit the ball 击球enjoy the sun 享受阳光have drinks  喝饮料watch the game 看比赛a national sport一项全国性运动  become heroes成为英雄score points得分hit sb. in/on打在某人软/硬的部位 by doing sth通过做某事sit around围坐在main idea主要内容，大意，主要思想
 三．重点句型及考点：Section A1. Michael, could you help me?考点1)： Could you = Would you …? 意为“请你……好吗？”后接动词原形考点2）：help sb = give sb. a hand =do sb. a favor帮某一个忙        with sb’s help=with the help of sb在某人的帮助之下        help sb (to) do帮某人做...  help sb with sth在某方面给某人帮助        help oneself (to)请随意2.But one of my teammates fell ill.考点1) ：one of + 可数名词复数 + 谓单   “其中之一...”考点2) ：fall ill 生病（强调动作）  fall--fell    fall down摔倒    fall  n.秋天be ill 病了（强调状态）--Would you mind teaching me?   -- Not at all.  考点1）：mind   v.介意（后接doing）   n.思想，头脑  keep sth. in mind把...记在心里Would you mind (not) doing sth. 你介意(别)做某事吗？  Would you mind sb./sb’s doing sth    (sb’s为物主代词 my, her, his, our...）  例：Would you mind me/ my smoking here?   Would you mind if  + 从句 例：Would you mind if I try it again？ 考点2）： 肯定回答：Not at all . / Of course not. / Certainly not. 不介意否定回答：Sorry, I won’t. /Yes, please don’t. / You’d better not.  介意考点3）：teach--taught  teach sb sth教某人...（sb为人称代词宾格形式me、us、you、our、him...）     teach oneself=learn sth by oneself自学Michael, I kick the ball to you. And you pass me the ball like this.  考点1）：V.+双宾语   v.+sb.+sth.=v.+sth.+to/ for+sb.kick sth. to sb.=kick sb. sth.               buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth.pass sth. to sb.=pass sb. sth.              cook sth. for sb.=cook sb. sth. 考点2）：like  介词，像...一样 反义词unlike    like this 像这样5. Keep trying!考点1）: ① keep (sb) doing sth.  让某人一直做        ②keep sb from doing =stop sb (from)doing阻止某人做...③keep + adj 保持某种状态    keep healthy/ fit保持健康        ④keep on（doing）保持做...        ⑤keep away from 远离考点2）：try to do 努力做....    try doing 尝试做...    try/do one’s best to do 尽某人最大努力做...         have a try 试一下      try on试穿    try again再试一次Section B I didn’t want our team to lose.考点1）：want (sb) to do想要（某人）做...=would like (sb) to do sth考点2）：lose--lost       lose one’s life丧命    lose in the game输掉比赛     get lost走丢，迷路lose one’s way迷路      lose oneself in...迷失于…… Kangkang, Micheal, please don’t fight. Micheal doesn’t do well in soccer but he did his best.考点1）：祈使句：（Please）+do...      否定形式：(Please) don’t +do....考点2）：fight with sb与某人争吵、打架     fight for 为....而奋斗        fight against 为反对...而斗争考点3）：do well in=be good at在...做得好，擅长...    be weak in=be bad at=do badly in 在...做的不好考点4）：do /try one’s best to do 尽某人最大努力做...（注意原文中的时态，选用过去式did还是do或does） Don’t be angry with each other.考点1）：be angry with对某人生气          be angry at对...气愤考点2）：each other=one another 互相 What about saying sorry to Michael？考点1）：提建议：What about doing...?           Do/Would you mind (not) doing...?                Would you like to do....?                 Let’s do....!          Why not do....?         Why don’t you do....?had better (not) do sth考点2）：say sorry to多某人说抱歉        say goodbye to 多某人说再见         say hallo to 对某问好           say...to sb. 对某人说... --I am sorry for what I said.  --It’s nothing.考点1）：be sorry for/ about 因...而抱歉，对...感到抱歉        be sorry to do抱歉去做...考点2）：介词for后接宾语，what I said 是句子中的宾语从句，what指事物，在从句中做said的宾语考点3）：回答没关系：It’s nothing.  \ Never mind. \ That’s all right.\ It doesn’t matter. Practice more and you will do better next time.考点1）：next time 下一次       last time 上一次考点2）：more、better为much、good的比较级 Keep trying. You are sure to have more fun.考点1）：keep (on) doing 保持做...   keep...from doing  阻止...做...考点2）：be sure to do确信会...     be sure +that从句考点3）：have fun (doing) 玩的愉快=enjoy oneself=have a good tome         fun 不可数名词          funny    adj.有趣的       Section CIt has a history of over a century.考点1）：有着...年的历史 have/has a history of 或者with a history of.../with...years’ history考点2）：over=more than超过At first, it was an indoor game so that students could play in bad weather.考点1）：at first首先   in the beginning         at last最后    last but not the least 最后但同样重要考点2）：indoor 室内的    outdoor 室外的考点3）：目的状语从句：        so that+从句 表示目的是...，为了...，以便...=in order that+从句        当前后主语一致时，还可换成in order to do、so as to do（不放句首）        例：She gets up early so that she can catch the bus.           =She gets up early in order that she can catch the bus.           =She gets up early in order to catch the bus.           =She gets up early so as to catch the bus.考点4）：in bad weather在糟糕天气下   weather不可数名词Basketball is both an indoor and outdoor game.考点：both...and...既...又...，两者都    连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数The goal is to throw the ball through the other side’s basket, and to stop the other team from doing so.考点1）：throw--threw  扔     throw... around 乱扔考点2）：one...the other... 一个...另一个...（两者）考点3）：stop...(from) doing=keep...from doing阻止...做某事1)  考点4）：across 与through 都是介词，都有“穿过，通过”的意思，但二者用法不同。across 表示“从……的表面穿过”。      through表示“从……的内部穿过”。e.g. The river Thames flows through London. 泰晤士河流过伦敦。To win basketball games, you should have good skills.考点1）：win--won赢得，获胜 后接比赛或奖项   winner 获胜者         lose--lost输掉              loser失败者考点2）：have a good skill(to do)有技巧（做...）考点3）：不定式to do表目的“为了...”A large number of people enjoyed basketball.  Basketball soon became very popular.考点1）：a (large) number of+可数名词复数   谓语动词用复数   “许多，大量”         The number of+可数名词复数    谓语动词用单数   “....的数量”       例：A large number of students like watching TV.           The number of students is 50.考点2）：enjoy+n. / oneself/ doing考点3）：soon 不久后   as soon as 一...就...    as soon as possible尽可能快地考点4）：become popular 变的流行      be popular with/ among在...中流行7.But it is more important for you and the other players to play as a team.但是，作为一个团队对于你和你的队友是很重要的。 It's +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事很……；Section DThe English love football very much and they turned most of their main players into famous persons.考点1）：turn/ change...into...  把...变成...考点2）：main 主要的    main idea 主要思想考点3）：person 强调个人 可加s变复数 personal  adj个人的  personal computer个人电脑Players wear white clothes and score points by hitting the ball with a bat.考点1）：穿戴：  wear--wore  穿着的状态                 put on   穿上的动作   put--put                 in+颜色   穿着某颜色的衣服（介词短语，不能做谓语动词）                dress sb/ oneself    给...穿衣服考点2）：score points得分   point to 指向...考点3）：通过...，用...： by+doing 通过怎样做，后接具体方式方法                      with+工具 如hand 、bat四、必背句子。1. But one of my classmates fell ill. Will you join us?   （fall的过去式：fell）但是我的一个同学生病了。你会加入我们吗？I’d be glad to. But I’m not very good at it. 我很愿意。但是我不太擅长。3. Would you mind teaching me? 你介意教我吗？4. I kick the ball to you. And you pass me the ball like this. 我把球踢给你。你像这样把球传给我。5. Never mind. Keep trying. I’ll kick the ball to you again.没关系。继续努力。我会再把球踢给你。6. Of course not. I’ll do it right away. 当然不了。我会马上做的。7. Would you mind if I try it again? 你是否介意我再试一次？8. Would you mind not throwing bottles around? 你介意别乱扔瓶子吗？9. We lost because you wouldn’t pass the ball. 我们输了因为你没能传球。10. Don’t shout at me like that. I didn’t want our team to lose.不要像那样冲我大喊大叫。我也不想我们的队伍输。11. Michael doesn’t do well in soccer but he did his best.迈克尔在足球方面踢得不好但是他尽他最大努力了。12. You should learn teamwork, and pass the ball to your teammates more often.你应该学习团队协作，并且多给你的队友传球。13. Don’t be angry with each other. 不要互相生气了。14. You two should talk more about the game before you play.你们两个在玩之前应多讨论比赛。15. What about saying sorry to Michael? 向迈克尔道歉怎么样？16. I’m sorry for what I said. 我对我所说的道歉。17. Practice more and you will do better next time. 多练习你下次会做得更好。18. Keep trying. You are sure to have more fun. 继续努力，你肯定会玩得更高兴。19. My dad bought a basketball for my brother. （buy的过去式：bought）我的爸爸给我哥哥买了一个篮球。20. I made a big cake for my grandfather. 我给我祖父做了一个大蛋糕。21. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts of the world.篮球在美国和世界其他地区是最流行的运动之一。22. It has a history of over a century. 它有一个超过一个世纪的历史。23. At first, it was an indoor game so that students could play in the bad weather.起初，它是一项室内运动以便学生们能够在坏天气玩。24. Basketball is both an indoor and out door game.篮球既是一项室内也是一项室外运动。25. For example, you can’t hold the ball and run with it. 例如，你不能抱着球跑。26. But it is more important for you and the other players to play as a team.但是对你和其他运动员来说，作为一个团队来玩是更重要的。27. You are sure to enjoy playing this popular sport. 你肯定会喜欢玩这项流行运动的。28. Lots of people play football in parks or playgrounds just for fun.很多人在公园或操场上踢足球仅仅为了娱乐。29. With hundreds of years’ history, it is one of the most popular sports in England.拥有几百年的历史，它是英格兰最流行的运动之一。30. People can sit around the green, enjoying the sun, having drinks and watching the team games.人们可以环绿茵地坐下、享受着阳光、喝着饮料看着比赛。五、【交际用语】1. 请求和回答1.Would/Do you mind+doing sth.?你介意做某事吗？/如果...可以吗？/请你...好不好？常用来表示委婉的请求，或用来表示希望得到对方的许可。回答时如果表示“可以”，要说Not at all./Of course not./Certainly not./No problem.如果表示“介意，反对”，常说Sorry./I’m sorry about that./I’m afraid you can’t./Yes./You'd better not.2.道歉和回答I’m sorry回答“Never mind. \That’s OK. It doesn’t matter. \Don’t worry. 七、重点语法：双宾语subject + vt. + indirect object + direct object主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语定义：某些及物动词后可以跟两个宾语，即间接宾语和直接宾语，构成双宾语。中间接宾语一般是人，是谓语动词的目标(for)和方向(to)直接宾语一般是物，是谓语动词的承受着。I’ll kick you the ball. = I’ll kick the ball to you.我将把球踢给你。主 谓   间宾  直宾   主  谓    直宾    间宾结构：主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语动词+直接宾语+ to +间接宾语  译成“把某物+谓语动词+给某人”(表示方向性)主语+谓语动词+直接宾语+ for +间接宾语 译成“为/给某人+谓语动词+某物”(表示目的性)e.g. I pass you the ball. = I pass the ball to you. 我把球传给你。 (pass sb sth  = pass sth to sb)e.g. My mother buys me a bag. = My mother buys a bay for me. 我妈给我买了一个包。   (buy sb sth = buy sth for sb)to连接间接宾语的动词有：pass, throw, give, kick, show, tell, lend, take, bring, return等；介词用for的双宾语make,bring，buy, sing, cook,find, order(预定),choose（选择）...