高二英语寒假作业同步练习题过去分词作表语含解析

这是一份高二英语寒假作业同步练习题过去分词作表语含解析，共9页。
过去分词作表语1．Supporters ___(坚持说) that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU targets for non-carbon energy generation. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】insist【详解】考查动词时态。句意：支持者坚持认为，风能必须是可再生能源、核能和碳排放组合的一部分，而且英国致力于实现欧盟的非碳能源生产目标。根据汉语意思“坚持说”可知应填动词insist，作谓语，结合后文is可知应用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，故谓语动词用原形。故填insist。2．That is, we tend to ___(关心) the output but not to control the input, which is a bad way to construct goals. （根据汉语意思完成句子）【答案】care about【详解】考查固定短语。句意：也就是说，我们倾向于关心输出，而不是控制输入，这不是一个建立目标的好方法。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语care about意为“关心”，后接the output作宾语，表示关心输出，符合句意，tend to do意为“倾向于做某事”，不定式to后接动词原形。故填care about。3．He has enough courage to face the bad situation, which he will never ___(屈服)to. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】give in【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他有足够的勇气去面对他永远不会屈服的坏局面。固定搭配give in to sth.（屈服于某事），助动词will后用动词原形。故填give in。4．___(自从)then, maths has become one of my favorite subjects, and I have also made rapid progress in maths. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】Ever since【详解】考查固定短语。句意：自从那时起，数学已成为我最喜欢的学科之一，并且我在数学方面也取得了长足的进步。根据所给汉意可知，使用短语ever since，（ever）since then作时间状语，句子的谓语动词使用现在完成时has become和have made。故填Ever since。5．I tried to get Jane to join us tonight, but she wouldn’t ___(改变主意). She prefers to stay at home in the evening. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】change her mind【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我想让简今晚和我们一起去，但她不肯改变主意。她喜欢晚上待在家里。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语change one’s mind，意为“改变某人的主意”，句子主语为she，故应该是改变她的主意，one’s变为her，意为“她的”，wouldn’t为情态动词，意为“不肯，不愿”，后接动词原形。故填change her mind。6．I think they’ve finally ___(下决心)to spend the next summer in Europe. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】made up their minds【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我想他们最终决定到欧洲去度过明年的夏天。 此处是短语make up one’s mind；主语是they，one’s相应地用形容词性物主代词their，mind用复数形式；此处是现在完成时，make是不规则动词，过去式为made。故填made up their minds。7．Which subject___ you ___(喜欢), maths or physics? （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】are    fond of    【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：你喜欢什么科目，数学还是物理? be fond of喜欢，该短语是固定短语；描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，所以填①are②fond of。8．Michael ___(挂起) a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】put up【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：迈克尔在床边挂起了一张姚明的照片，来使自己不断想起自己的梦想。根据汉语意思“挂起”可知应填短语put up，结合语境可知应用一般过去时。故填put up。9．___(在午夜), we set off fireworks to celebrate the coming of the new year. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】At midnight【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在午夜，我们燃放烟花来庆祝新年的到来。 根据所给汉语意思，应是短语at midnight。故填at midnight。10．___(照常), he went to work by bus at 8 o’clock this morning, but he was late today. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】As usual【详解】考查介词短语。句意：像往常一样，他早晨八点钟坐公交车去上班，但是还是迟到了。as usual“照常；像往常一样”为固定短语。故填as usual。语法专题（过去分词作表语）过去分词作表语1．意义位于系动词(如be，get，become，look，feel，seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。We were encouraged at the news.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。2．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子碎了。(系表结构)The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是被汤姆打碎的。(被动语态)3．现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别过去分词表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”现在分词表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”They became so worried that they stayed awake all night.他们变得如此担心，以至于一整晚都没有睡觉。The situation became so worrying that something should be done at once.形势变得令人担忧，应该立刻采取措施。练习：11．Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get ________ (infect). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】infected【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要擦拭，因为这样会擦破水泡，伤口会感染。get+过去分词，表被动。根据句意，故填infected。12．When you get_________（burn）, it is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】burned/ burnt【详解】考查过去分词。句意：当你被烧伤时，最好将烧伤处放在缓慢流动的水下冲大约10分钟。burn和主语you之间为逻辑上的被动关系，burn应用过去分词形式，作表语；此处是“get+过去分词”表示被动含义；burn的过去分词有两种形式burned或 burnt。故填burned/ burnt。13．He promised that the crime would not go ________(punish). （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】unpunished【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他承诺说罪犯不可能不受惩罚。分析句子可知，本句为双重否定句，go + 过去分词，“变得……，处于……样的状态”，其中过去分词作表语，,结合句意可知，空白处应为否定形式。 故填unpunished。14．I gave all my money to him, but now I felt ______（cheat）somehow. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】cheated【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我把所有的钱都给了他，但现在我觉得自己被骗了。 now I felt 　　　①　　　（cheat）somehow已有谓语动词felt且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语 I 和动词cheat是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动，作系动词felt的表语。故填cheated。15．In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained_______________（stick）abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(所给单词的正确形式填空)【答案】stuck【详解】考查过去分词。句意：今年4月，由于火山灰云，数千名度假者仍滞留在国外。remained是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，因为表示度假者被滞留，所以空处需用过去分词
stuck作表语。故填stuck。16．I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid __________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel__________(challenge).【答案】looking    challenged    【详解】考查动名词和过去分词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking；根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。17．（语法填空）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel__________(challenge).【答案】challenged【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我迅速低下身，低下头，避免直视他的眼睛，这样他就不会感到有挑战。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战。feel为系动词，此处表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。语法填空18．The situation is _________(encourage).【分析】考查现在分词。句意：这个情况是鼓舞人心的。主语为situation，所以表语为以ing结尾的形容词。故填encouraging。19．The door remained ________(lock)when he came again.【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他回来的时候，门还是锁着的。lock和逻辑主语door之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填locked。 阅读理解Does it matter if a language dies out? The traditional answer is yes, because every language is a repository (智囊) of ideas and culture and represents a unique way of looking at the world. The planet only has about 7,000 languages; the extinction of even one decreases the sum total of human knowledge.But in some cases, extinction can be seen in a more positive light. Take Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language（ABSL）for example, restricted to about 1,000 users in a small Israeli village with a high level of born deafness, the language seems to be bound to die by the spread of Israeli sign language.The natural reaction to the loss of ABSL is regret. It is a fascinating language that has kept linguists busy since it came to their attention around 15 years ago. But for the deaf villagers, Israeli sign language is an upgrade: it allows them to speak to tens of thousands of people rather than a few hundred, and enables them to work and marry outside the village. It is hard to see that as anything other than progress. Similarly, other endangered languages die out because people abandon them in favor of ones that serve their needs better.Technology also softens the blow, as endangered languages can now be captured in detail — which also means they could eventually be brought back from the dead, much as the Hebrew language was in the 19th century. It is now the first language of 9 million people.Linguists naturally condemn the loss of language much as conservationists (环保主义者) once mourned the loss of every single species. But they are moving towards acceptance that not all species can be saved, that invasive species are not always bad and that human-engineered ecosystems are not necessarily inferior to natural ones. Perhaps our attitudes to language extinction are due for a similar change.20．What can we infer about ABSL?A．Another language replaced it. B．It is an endangered language.C．Deaf villagers prefer to use it. D．It has been studied for over 15 years.21．What does the underlined word “upgrade” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．Recovery. B．Opportunity.C．Improvement. D．Update.22．How does technology affect languages?A．Technology can remove people’s regret.B．Languages may be rescued from the extinction.C．Technology increases the number of endangered languages.D．Endangered languages might be abandoned because of technology.23．What’s the main idea of the text?A．More and more languages are dying out.B．Technology creates some new languages.C．People feel ashamed of language extinction.D．Language extinction is not necessarily a bad thing.【答案】20．B 21．C 22．B 23．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在语言濒临灭绝的时候，人们的本能反应是感到惋惜，毕竟每一门语言都是文化和思想的体现，是观察世界的一种独特方式，每消失一种语言就会使人类知识的总量减少一点儿。然而，在有些情况下可以用积极的态度看待语言的消亡。20．推理判断题。由第二段中的“Take Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL), restricted to about 1,000 users in a small Israeli village with a high level of born deafness. The language seems to be bound to die by the spread of Israeli sign language.”可知，ABSL手语只有大约 1000 人使用，并且由于Israeli手语的传播,它似乎注定会灭亡，所以判断出ABSL是濒危语言。故选B项。21．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容“it allows them to speak to tens of thousands of people rather than a few hundred, and enables them to work and marry outside the village.”可知，Israeli 手语让耳聋的村民们可以与更多的人交流，并且能够让他们在村子外面找到工作，以及与外面的人联姻，即Israeli手语比ABSL手语更能满足人们的需求；再结合下一句“It is hard to see that as anything other than progress.”可知，很难把Israeli手语看作进步之外的东西，说明Israeli手语是一种提高、改善、进步。故选C项。22．细节理解题。由第四段的第一句“Technology also softens the blow, as endangered languages can now be captured in detail — which also means they could eventually be brought back from the dead, much as the Hebrew language was in the 19th century.”可知，科技也缓和了这种打击，因为濒危语言现在可以被详细地捕捉到——这也意味着它们最终可以起死回生，就像19世纪的希伯来语一样。技术可以帮助复活濒危语言, B项切题；C项颠倒是非，该项表达与文中信息恰恰相反；A、D两项属于无中生有，文中没有提及科技可以消除人们的遗憾，也没提到因为科技的发展濒危语言就会被抛弃。故选B项。23．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了人们应从积极的一面去看待濒危语言的灭绝。一方面濒危语言被能更好地服务于人们的语言代替，这是一种进步；另一方面科技也可以让某些濒危语言复活。因此人们对待濒危语言灭绝的态度应该改变，因为它未必是件坏事，故D项切题；A项只是表述了一个事实，不是文章的中心；B项无中生有，文中没有提到科技能创造新语言；C项只是陈述对于濒危语言人们惯常的反应, 与文章要表达的中心正好相反。故选D项。【点睛】词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。做这种类型的技巧之一：要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义，即有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。在第2小题中，画线单词upgrade后面紧接其解释，由画线词后的内容“it allows them to speak to tens of thousands of people rather than a few hundred, and enables them to work and marry outside the village. It is hard to see that as anything other than progress.”可知，Israeli手语对聋哑人来说很有用，它是一种提高、改善、进步。故选C项。写作（续写）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。One Sunday morning, George Thomas, a baker in a small New England town was walking through town when he saw a young boy coming toward him, swinging(挥舞)a bid cage in the air. On the bottom of the cage, there were three little wild birds shaking with cold and fear. George Thomas stopped the boy and asked him what he got there.The boy was happy and told him that there were just some old birds in the cage. When the baker asked him what he would do with the old birds. The boy said casually(漫不经心地)that he wanted to take the birds home and play with them. He would pull out their feathers to make them fight. He would have a really good time because he would enjoy watching these.George Thomas was shocked by what the boy said. How could a boy be so rude to wild animals? So he continued to ask the boy what he would do to the birds when he got tired of them, because he was such a naughty and cruel boy that he was sure to be tired of them sooner or later. The boy laughed and said that he got a cat, which liked birds, so he would give the birds to his cat. The baker got more worried and decided to help set free the poor birds. So he asked, "“How much do you want for those birds, son? "The boy looked at him in surprise, wondering if the baker really wanted to buy them. He laughed and reminded the man that they were just plain old field birds. They didn't sing they were not even pretty. However, the baker insisted and continued to ask him how much money he wanted for the birds.The boy stared at the baker as if he were crazy and said, “$10? ”注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:The baker reached in his pocket …__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:The baker picked up the cage. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph 1:The baker reached in his pocket and took out a ten dollar bill. He placed it in the boy's hand. The boy grasped the money firmly as if he was afraid that the baker would change his mind. In a flash, the excited boy was gone. The baker looked at the boy walking away and shook his head.Paragraph2:The baker picked up the cage. And he gently carried it to the end of the alley where there was a tree and a grassy spot. Setting the cage down, he opened the door, and by softly tapping the bars persuaded the birds out, setting them free. The baker watched the birds flying in the sky, smiling. He took the empty bird cage home.【分析】续写短文多以记叙文故事类文章，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但是，故事线索的逻辑性比较强。这样考生能够根据提示词语，顺着原来文章的思路续写文章，并适当发散。【详解】本文为读后续写。文章讲述的是一个新英格兰小镇上的面包师，看到一个小男孩笼子里抓的三只可怜的野生小鸟，心生怜悯，决定把它们买下来。文章给了两段的第一句话用来提示，学生可据此展开联想。注意要求词数应为150左右；应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；续写完成后，要用下划线标出关键词语。【点睛】The baker looked at the boy walking away and shook his head.和Setting the cage down, he opened the door, and by softly tapping the bars persuaded the birds out, setting them free. 非谓语动词在句中运用；And he gently carried it to the end of the alley where there was a tree and a grassy spot.定语从句运用巧妙；另外，续写内容符合要求，结构严谨，前后呼应，文中关键词使用得当。