【寒假复习】Unit 1 Know yourself 词句精讲精练

Unit 1 Know yourself 词句精讲精练

词汇精讲

1. share

（1）share用作及物动词，意为“共用；合用；分享”。例如：

It’s hard to share power. 权力很难分享。

（2）share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”。例如：

Tony shared his chocolate with other kids.

托尼把他的巧克力与其他孩子分着吃了。

She shares a house with two other students.

她与另外两个同学合住一所房子。

2. show off

show off意为“炫耀”。show off可以单独使用，后面也可以接宾语。例如：

 She is modest and she never shows off. 她很谦虚，从不炫耀。

 Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls.

 那些男孩们总是向女孩卖弄他们的运动技巧。

【拓展】

（1）show up动词短语，意为“出席，露面”。例如：

Most of people invited didn’t show up.

被邀请的人大部分还未到。

To my surprise, she failed to show up.

令我吃惊的是，她未能出席。

（2）show sb. around意为“带某人参观”。例如：

I’ll show you around so that you can meet everyone.
我会带你到各处看看,好让你和大家见见面。

（3）show sb.sth.意为“把某物展示给某人看”。例如：

My friend showed me a picture book.

我的朋友出示我一本漂亮的图册。

3. patient

（1）patient 用作形容词，意为“耐心的，能忍耐的”。其反义词为impatient，意为“不耐烦的，急躁的”。例如：

You should be more patient. 你应该更加耐心。

The boy always does everything quickly and he is a little impatient.

这个男孩一直做事很快，有点不耐心。

（2）patient还可作名词，意为“病人”。例如：

The patient is getting better.病人正在逐渐康复。

4. attention

attention是不可数名词，意为“注意力；注意”，可作及物动词或介词的宾语。例如：

  The children give attention to the teacher.孩子们将注意力集中在老师那里。

  We listened with attention to what he said.我们注意倾听他说话。

【拓展】

短语pay attention to 意为“注意……”，“关注……”，其中的to为介词，其后接名词，代

词或从句作宾语，若其后接动词，应使用动词-ing形式。例如：

You should pay attention to spelling. 你要注意你的拼写。

You didn’t pay attention to what I said. 你根本没有注意听我讲的话。

5. enough

(1) enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在

名词的前面或后面。例如：

    The food is enough for the trip.

    用于这次旅行的食物足够了。

    I have enough time to watch TV.

    我有足够的时间看电视。

  (2) enough还可作副词，意为“足够的”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：

    The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.

    那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。

【拓展】

  (1) enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如：

       I don’t have enough time to eat lunch.

       我没有足够的时间吃午饭。

  (2) …enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如：

       He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.

 = He is so young that he can’t go to school.

他太小而不能上学。

6. win

     win是动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜”，其现在分词要双写n，过去式和过去分词均为won。例如：

      He won a prize last week. 他上周得奖了。

      They won the basketball match yesterday.

他们昨天赢得了那场篮球比赛。

【拓展】

   win和beat的辨析：

   (1) win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”，获得“名次、奖品”。例如：

      a game赢得比赛

        a honor赢得荣誉

        win   a battle 赢得战斗

           a match赢得比赛

           a scholarship赢得奖学金

           a prize得奖

(2) beat强调“打败，战胜”，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对手，即beat只能接表示人的词语作宾语。例如：

         a team 战胜/打败一队（组）

beat    a nation战争/打败一个国家

         an opponent战胜/打败一个对手

 7. afford

   afford常用作及物动词，意为“买(经受)得起……；给予，提供”，其后常接名词、代词或动词     

  不定式作宾语， afford后还可接双宾语。例如：

This kind of computer is too expensive and I can’t afford it．

这种电脑太贵了，我买不起。

At last I can afford a watch．

我终于买得起一只手表了。

I could not afford so much money for a bicycle．

我出不起那么多钱买一辆自行车。

I’ll afford you a chance．

我将给你提供一个机会。

8. devote

devote做及物动词，意为“把……贡献于；把……专用于”。常见用法有：

(1)    devotesth. tosth. 把……用于……。例如：

 He could only devote two hours a day to his study. 他每天只能花两个小时用于学习。

(2)    devote oneself to 献身于；致力于。例如：

   She devoted herself to her work. 她致力于自己的工作。

(3)    devote sth. to doing sth. 把(时间,钱，精力等)用于做某事。例如：

He devoted all his free time to playing the piano. 

他把所有的业余的时间都用来弹钢琴。

9. depend on

depend意思为“依靠、依赖、取决于”等，只用作不及物动词，通常与介词 on, upon 连用，主要用法有：

（1）depend on/upon＋某人或某物，有时可在某人或某物后用介词for。例如：

Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.

我们是否去野营要看天气。

Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.

儿童的衣食靠父母。。

（2）depend on /upon＋从句。例如：

Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.

我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。

The amount you pay depends on where you live.

你付多少钱要看你住什么地方。

（3）口语中说 It (all) depends. /That depends.意为“那要看情况”。例如：

—Are you going too? 你也去吗?

—That depends. 那要看情况。

10. divide

（1）divide用作动词，意为“划分，分”。例如：

     We divided the money equally. 我们平分这笔钱

（2）divide通常与介词into连用，divide…into…意为“把……分成……”，be divided into…“被分成……”。例如：

My mother divided the cake into four.我妈妈把这块蛋糕分成了四份。

The world is divided into seven continents.世界被分成七大洲。

11. agree with

（1）agree单独使用，表示“同意、答应”等。例如：

I asked him to help me and he agreed.

我请求他帮忙，他答应了。  

（2）agree with表示 “同意；赞成”，常用搭配为：agree with+sb /what sb said。例如：

Do you agree with me about the need for more schools?

关于多建一些学校一事, 你同意我的意见吗?

I quite agree with what you said. 我很同意你说的话。  

（3）agree to表示“同意；赞成(提议、安排、计划等)” 。例如：

Do you agree to this arrangement？你赞成这个安排吗？

I quite agree to their suggestions. 我很同意他们的建议。  

（4）agree to do sth.表示“同意做某事”。例如：

He agreed to get someone to help us.

他同意找人来帮我们的忙。

She agreed to get everything ready before I come.

她同意在我到来之前把一切都准备好。

12. be afraid

（1）be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”，be afraid 之后可接不定式，也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如：

She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告诉你。

She is afraid of going out alone late at night.

她很怕深夜独自外出。

I’m afraid of the dog. 我怕狗。

（2）但若要表示担心可能会发生某事，则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。

例如：

I’m afraid of being late for class. 我担心上课迟到。

（3）be afraid后可接that从句。例如：

He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.

他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。

词汇精练

Ⅰ. 根据汉语或首字母提示填单词。

1. The student is _____ (耐心的)enough and can finish the work.

2. — Do you know what his star________(星座)is？

— Yes. It is Libra.

   3. Tom is a  (谦虚的) boy. We all like him.

   4. Her mother is a good （会计）.

   5. Children are (好奇的) about everything.

   6. Sam plays basketball very well. I think he is  (天生的) basketball player.

   7. His mother is a good teacher. She receives high  (赞扬) from everyone.

   8. Daniel is a top student in my school. I’d like to follow his  (榜样).

   9. It is easy for children to turn their  (注意力) to other things.

   10. He is an  (精力充沛的) boy and loves sports.

Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. She is ______ (patient) because she can’t wait very long without getting angry.

2. Her parents are always _________(worry) about her.

3. All of us took an ______ (act) part in the sports meeting last week.

4. We all think David is ______ (suit) person to be the monitor in our class.

5. My father is _______ (energy) and he often stays up late at night.

6. Our teacher can always make his classes ______ (live).

7. A year is _______ (divide) into 12 stars signs in western countries.

   8. Linda didn’t pass the exam because of her  (careless)

   9. It’s terrible for me  (stay) at home all day long.

   10. I have learnt to use the computer to get myself more  (organize).

Ⅲ. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。

1．Learning English for US is not just _________．

2．We can go to the park in many ways，_______，we can go there by bike．

3．They have had no food for more than a week．They have to ________ the only sweets now．

4．Would you please tell me more about the twelve Chinese _______?

5．I thought Betty was in the garden，but _______ she was in her room．

6．I’d like to help you but I can’t _______ any ideas．

7．Millie is a helpful girl．She often helps other students ______．

8．I really don’t understand why you _______ so _______ mice．

9．We’d better _______ to learn English well．

10．Someone asked me to _______ them _______ their work．

IV. 听力链接。

听独白，记录关键信息，独白你将听两遍。

请根据所听到的内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在答题卡的相应位上。

参考答案

Ⅰ. 根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。

  1. patient  2. sign     3.modest      4.accountant      5.curious 

6.born       7. praise     8.example     9. attention       10. energetic

Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

  1. impatient  2.worried  3. active       4. suitable  5. energetic

6. lively     7. divided     8. carelessness 9. to stay     10.organized

Ⅲ.选词填空。

  1. for fun   2. for example 3.depend on 4. animal signs 5.in fact

6. come up with 7. after class 8.are; afraid of   9. tryour best     10.help; with

IV. 听力链接。

听力材料及答案：

1. Park  2. bike  3. 8:30  4. gate     5. apples

听独白，记录关键信息。独白读两遍。

( di  du — answering machine says)

M: Hello, this is Bill. I’m not at home at the moment. Please leave a message when there’s a need. Thank you.

W: Hello, Bill. This is Mary. I’m calling to remind you we’re going to the Rose Mountain Park to have our school picnic tomorrow. The park is not so far, so we’ll go by bike. That’s to say, we can enjoy the beautiful scenes along the way. Mr. Brown will be waiting for us at 8:30 in front of our school gate. Make sure that you come on time! He doesn’t like being late! By the way, don’t forget to take the game book and some apples with you. We’ll play some interesting apple games there. I hope our team will win! It’s important for us to win this time because we won’t have another chance to beat the others in this term! See you tomorrow morning, then.

句式精讲

1. What about / How about you?

(1)“What about…= How about…”意为“……怎么样”，用来征求别人的意见，了解情况或提出建议。其后可以接名词或者是代词，接代词时要用宾格。例如：

What about the book? 那本书怎么样？

I like this car, what about you? 我喜欢这辆汽车，你呢？

(2)What about后接动词时一定要用动词的-ing形式，例如：

What about going shopping?去购物怎么样？

What about drinking a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样？

2. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant.

      neither…nor…为连词短语，连接两个相同的句子成分，表示两者都否定。例如：

It’s neither cold nor hot. 天气既不冷也不热。

He neither knows nor cares what happened.

他对所发生的事既不知道也不关心。

【注意】

neither…nor…连接主语时，通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持

一致。例如：

Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都错了。

Neither he nor she was at home. 他和她都不在家。

3. You either take the lead or fall behind.

 (1) either 作副词，意为“也不”，用在否定句中。例如：

         He can’t play the violin. I can’t, either.

   他不会拉小提琴，我也不会。

 (2) either 做代词，意为“（两者中）任意一个”。例如：

        There are many trees on either side of the street.

   在街道的每一边都有很多树。

      (3) either…or…为连词短语，连接两个相同的句子成分，意为“要么……要么……；或者……  

         或者……；不是……就是……”。例如：

        He either stays at home or visits friends on the weekend.

  在周末，他要么待在家里，要么拜访朋友。

They will come either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.

他们不是明天来，就是后天来。

【注意】

either…or…连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持一致，即遵循就近原则。例如：

Either I or he is on duty today.

今天不是我值日，就是他值日。

4. Carelessness will be a disaster not only to ourselves but also to patients.

   (1) not only...but also…的意思是“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词和also后面的主语保持一致。例如：

Not only my mother but also I like to go to the garden.

不仅妈妈而且我也喜欢去公园。

(2)    以not only…but also 开头的句子往往引起倒装。例如：

 Not only did he complain about the food, but he refused to pay for it.

他不仅抱怨饭不好吃，而且拒绝付饭钱。

5. I want to share the best art with people, so I’m always searching for something better or different.

(1) so可以用作连词，表示“那么，因此，所以”。当“因此，所以”讲时，不能和because连用。例如：

So what do you like for breakfast?

      那么你早餐喜欢吃什么？

      I got up late, so I was late for school.

我起床晚了，所以迟到了。

 (2) so还可以作副词，意为“如此，这么”。例如：

She is so beautiful. 她是如此的漂亮。

6. I think we can read about these for fun, but we shouldn’t believe in them.

(1) for fun意为“出于消遣；为了好玩”。例如：

I decided to learn Spanish, just for fun.

我决定学习西班牙语，只是为了消遣。

(2) fun作形容词，意为“逗乐的，有趣的”。例如：

  This game looks fun！这个游戏看起来有趣！

(3) fun作不可数名词，意为“娱乐，乐趣；享乐的事”，可用much；lots of；a lot of等修饰。例如：

It was a lot of fun.  其中有很多乐趣。

【拓展】

have fun意为“玩得高兴，有趣”，相当于have a good time或enjoy oneself，其后接doing sth.

或with sth.。例如：

      We had fun talking and playing with him.

  我们和他一起聊天，玩得很高兴。

      He has fun with computer games.

    他玩电脑游戏很开心。

句式精练

I. 按要求改写句子，每空一词。

1. You can go to the library．Millie can go to the library．(改为同义句)

        ______ you ______ Millie can go to the library．

2. Simon is too young to join the army. (改为同义句)

Simon isn’t ____ ______ to join the army.

3. Daniel is generous, gentle and easy-going. (对划线部分提问)

______ _____ Daniel?

4. A year is divided into 12 different star signs. (改为同义句)

There _____12 different star signs ______ a year.

    5.  Amy is so outgoing that she can make friends easily. (改为同义句)

        Amy is ____ _____ _______ _______ friends easily.

6．Get up quickly．You will be late for school．(合并为一句)

   Get up quickly，_______ you will be late for school．

7．One of you and me will go there tomorrow．(改为同义句)

   ________ you _______ I _______ going there tomorrow．

8．Hurry up．You can catch the bus．(合并为一句)

   Hurry up，_______ you can catch the bus．

9．Sun Ning can speak both English and Chinese．(改为否定句)

   Sun Ning can speak _______ English _______ Chinese．

10．Both Sun Haiying and I are good at English．(改为同义句)

   ________ ________ Sun Haiying _______ ______ I _______ good at English．

Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每个空一个词。

   1．即使他身处困境，他也决不会放弃自己的梦想。

      He will never even though he is in trouble．

2．我过去害怕在许多人面前作演讲。

   I in front ofmany people in the past．

3．一个内心强大的人从不到处炫耀。

     A person with a strong heart never ______________________．

4．他们不是在这周就是在下周将要召开一场运动会。

     They will have a sports meeting．

5．我们可以去故宫或颐和园。

We the Palace Museum ________ the Summer Palace．

6．最后，我们想出了一个好主意。

At last，wea good idea．

7．你应该注意你的发音和书写。

You should your pronunciation and writing.

8．使你所有的东西保持井然有序是一个好习惯。

It’s a good habit all your things in good ________．

9．格林先生把他大部分的时间用于帮助穷人。

Mr. Green has ________ most of his time ________ ________ the poor.

10．托尼乐于帮助别人，你同意我的看法吗?

Tony is ready to help others．Do you ?

III. 补全对话。

      根据语境，用恰当的话语完成对话。

(A)

A: Hey, Bill, ______（1）？

B: Oh, I’m thinking about life in the countryside.

A: ________（2）?

B: Yeah, I like it very much. In the countryside, the air is fresh, the sky is bluer, and there are   

also green trees and clearer rivers.

A: It’s quieter, too. People can enjoy the beauties of nature there.

(B)

A: ______（3）！

B: So it is. The wind is blowing strongly with lots of sand. I couldn’t see anything, and my  

   face hurt while I was walking down the street just now.

A: I’m sorry to hear that. But ______（4）?

B: People have cut down too many trees. As a result, lots of rich land has changed into  

  desert.

A: That’s too bad, but______（5）?

B: Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. And a lot of water can be saved by  

   forests. They can also prevent the water from washing the earth away.

参考答案

Ⅰ. 按要求改写句子，每空一词。

  1. Both, and / Not only, but also 2. old enough3. How, is4. are, in

5. outgoing enough to make 6. or             7. Either, or, am   8. so that

9. neither , nor                   10. Not only, but also,am

Ⅱ.根据汉语意思，完成句子。

1．give up his dream．

2．was afraid of making a speech

3．shows off everywhere

4．either this week or next week

5．can go to；or

6．came up with

7．pay attention to

8．to keep，order

9．devoted，to helping

10．agree with me

III. 补全对话。

      根据语境，用恰当的话语完成对话。

1. what are you thinking of / about?

2. Do you like the countryside/ Do you like it?

3. What bad weather!/ How bad the weather is!/ What a terrible sandstorm!

4. what has caused/made it (the bad weather/ the sandstorms)？

5. how do trees influence/ affect the weather?