人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后测评

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后测评，共21页。试卷主要包含了 　3，damaged　考查过去分词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A truck went ut f cntrl and (碰撞) int the back f a bus.
2.Dee watched the (波浪)breaking against the shre.
3.The dustman (打扫) up all the fallen leaves n this street yesterday. Nw it is very clean.
4.The grup prduces a mnthly (总结)f their research.
5.The sandstrm frm Mnglia(蒙古)was the strngest in nearly a decade and (影响) 12 prvincial-level regins in nrthern China.
Ⅱ.选词填空
sweep away;carry ut;at least;the number f
1.Because he is familiar with the cmputer,he ften the wrk easily.
2.What made us satisfied was that all the dubts had been .
3.Try t set aside an hur each day fr exercise. Health is vital imprtance t life.
4. peple wh were injured and killed during the war reached mre than 1,000.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Out gratitude, Jack decided t treat Bb t dinner.
2.Tday the number f peple learning first aid (increase) rapidly.
3. summary, it is my pinin that this cmplete treatment prcess is very successful.
4.Many have been surprised at the (lng) f time it has taken him t make up his mind.
5.A wnderful idea (strike) me suddenly when I was walking n the street.
6.He was s pleased with all we had dne fr him that he wrte us a letter t praise us.
7.Our gvernment is taking (effect) measures t prmte scientific and technlgical innvatin(创新).
8.During the COVID-19 epidemic, sme cmpanies used autnmus vehicles (deliver) necessities t patients and medical wrkers, minimizing the spread f the infectin.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我们正在爬山,突然开始下雨了。
We the hill t rain.
2.我喜欢早晨锻炼, 因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜。
I like t wrk ut in the mrning, because the air .
3.因此,他们可能会变得近视,或者他们会发现很难集中精力在功课上。
As a result, they may becme shrt-sighted r they will
t cncentrate n their schlwrk.
4.首先,一个新的体育馆已经建成,成为我们学校最漂亮的建筑。
T begin with, a new stadium has been built,
.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
A tsunami caused by 1 mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday, killing ver 6,500 peple in several 2 (cuntry). The undersea earthquake, 3 reached a magnitude f 9.0, ccurred arund 7:00 am, Sunday ff the west cast f Indnesia's Sumatra Island, 4 (cause) at least 1,870 deaths. In Sri Lanka, the number f deaths std 5 2,498 while in India as many as 1,900 peple were killed.
Thusands f peple are still missing and the number f deaths 6 (expect) t grw even 7 (high). 8 freign aid is being rganized fr the tsunami-hit cuntries, dangerus cnditins and 9 (damage) rads will make it difficult 10 (deliver) fd and supplies.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021河南南阳一中高一上第二次月考,)
I am cnnected with many peple wrking as vlunteers all ver the wrld, even after COVID-19 brke ut.
Twelve days ag, I was cntacted by smene I knw, a persn frm Kenya. He shared a stry abut his wrk fr kindness and jy. In his sharing, I discvered his family and ther families had had n fd supplies since March 23 because f lckdwn(隔离).
I was grief-stricken(极度悲伤的) fr them. I mean, hw culd I, in Nrth Carlina, pssibly d anything t help feed a man and 50 peple n the ther side f the wrld? After a sleepless night I awke with clarity t give mney t these families. It was nt a lt f mney, but all that I had and I was determined t find a way t get the funds t Kenya frm the US. Luckily, I succeeded in the end. My friend has been able t make the mney g far buying crn, il, fruit and vegetables t feed 20 adults and 30 children. And nw they have fd.
Each day presents a new prblem. Many mre peple in ther cuntries in Africa have turned t me fr help. It is heartbreaking. I cannt help everyne with mney but I am determined t help everyne I can with telling their stries thrugh ur clumn Glbal Strytellers fr Kindness n ur website. I asked my friend fr a list f the children in his family. S nw I sit with a list f 30 names, ages, and schl years, wndering what n earth we can d fr these children. Each night I sleep with a questin and hpe my dreams will give me guidance.
Each day is filled with prblems and difficulties I culd never have imagined, and als thughts, actins and ideas that are blssming t extend lve and mercy amng many peple.
1.What caused the families frm Kenya t suffer frm starvatin?
A.The large ppulatin.
B.Lack f enugh funds.
C.The lckdwn in Kenya.
D.The pr prductin f crps.
2.What can we knw abut the authr's help fr thse families in Kenya?
A.He raised a large amunt f mney.
B.He bught the necessities fr them.
C.He helped them thrugh an rganizatin.
D.He vercame great truble helping them.
3.Hw did the authr feel when many peple turned t him?
A.Heartbrken.
B.Cnfused.
C.Delighted.
D.Cntent.
4.Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr?
A.He can't have a sund sleep every night.
B.He is a man full f lve and sympathy.
C.He has funded 30 peple in Africa s far.
D.He is a man skilled in setting up websites.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021江西南昌第十中学高一上期中,)
In the spring and summer mnths, thunderstrms(雷暴) are cmmn. 1 Hwever, in thunderstrms, lightning can strike peple and buildings and it is very dangerus.
It was reprted that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phne call under a tree. He died at nce. Yu may nt knw it, but nearly 1,800 thunderstrms are happening at any mment arund the wrld. 2 Scientists say that a persn's chances f being struck by lightning are 1 in 600,000. 3
If yu are indrs during a thunderstrm:
·Stay away frm anything that is metal because lightning can cme int the huse thrugh it.
·Dn't stand near the windws.
·Dn't take a shwer r bath. Lightning can travel thrugh water.
·Never use the phne. 4
If yu are caught in a thunderstrm utdrs:
· 5 If there's n building arund, try t find a lw place t stay in.
·D nt g under a tree because lightning culd hit the tree and travel thrugh the tree t hit yu.
·Never use a cellphne.
A.Actually, many peple are killed by lightning every year.
B.Try t get hme as sn as pssible.
C.Since they ften happen, sme peple dn't take them seriusly.
D.G int a nearby building r car right away.
E.Lightning culd travel thrugh the phne line and hit yu.
F.But it is very imprtant fr us t learn abut lightning.
G.Frtunately, yu can reduce thse chances by fllwing these safety rules.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021山东青岛黄岛区高一上期中统考,)
It's strange, but I dn't really remember abut the hurricane itself. It all happened s 1 . I was sitting in my rm when the rf (屋顶) just 2 . All f a sudden, there was sky where the rf had been and I was very 3 . Withut a rf, staying inside was really 4 . It was August, s it was really ht and it smelled s 5 everywhere because much rtten(腐烂的)fd were thrwn n the streets! Living in the 6 air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner fr the msquits (蚊子). We had lst ur hme and everything in it. But Mm kept n 7 us that whatever happened, we shuld always try t see the gd sides f things. Therefre, we were all tgether and safe. Mm's wrds made us feel 8 . I remember us all lying under the midnight 9 and lking up at the stars. Even thugh we had lst a lt, mments like thse gave us 10 fr the future.
Althugh it was nly a few days befre we were 11 , it felt like mnths. We were taken t anther twn in a faraway cunty. Nw, ne year has 12 and I'm back hme in New Orleans. We are wrking tgether t 13 ur hmes and ur lives. Nw we have anther chance t lk up at the 14 f New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us 15 t mve n.
B.currently
C.quickly D.regularly
ff B.went all ut
C.calmed dwn D.turned up
B.pleased
C.curius D.impressive
B.hard
C.unique D.inspiring
B.wet
C.ht D.bad
B.dirty
C.cld D.pen
B.imprving
C.reminding D.ignring
B.wrse
C.htter D.harder
B.sky
C.atmsphere D.scene
B.hpe
C.time D.ptin
B.recgnized
C.cntacted D.remembered
B.pstpned
C.apprached D.passed
B.explre
C.rebuild D.extend
B.rfs
C.huses D.stars
B.cnfidence
C.challenge D.directin
答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.waves 3.swept 4.summary 5.affected
Ⅱ ut 2.swept away 3.at least 4.The number f
Ⅲ 考查固定搭配。句意:出于感激,杰克决定请鲍勃吃一顿饭。ut f后可接一些抽象名词,如curisity、respect、gratitude等,意为“出于……”。
2.is increasing 考查主谓一致和时态。句意:现在,学习急救的人的数量正在快速增加。分析可知,主语为“the number f+复数名词”,谓语动词需用单数形式,结合语境可知此处是表示现在这个人数正在快速增加,需用现在进行时表示一种进行的趋势,故填is increasing。
3.In 考查固定搭配。句意:总之,我认为这整个的治疗过程非常成功。in summary意为“总之”,故填介词In。
4.length 考查名词。句意:很多人都因为他用这么长的时间才下定决心而感到吃惊。根据空前的the和空后的f可知此处应用名词形式,故填length。
5.struck 考查时态。句意:当我走在街上时,我突然想到了一个好主意。此处表示过去的一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作发生了,故此处应用一般过去时,故填struck。strike在这里的意思是“突然想到”。
6.that 考查定语从句。句意:他对我们为他所做的一切都非常满意,以至于他给我们写了一封信来表扬我们。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作宾语,先行词为all,故用that。
7.effective 考查形容词。句意: 我国政府正在采取有效的措施来促进科技创新。分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语修饰复数名词measures,故填形容词effective,意为“有效的”。
8.t deliver 考查动词不定式。句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,一些公司使用自动驾驶汽车向患者和医务人员运送必需品,最大限度地减少感染的传播。use sth. t d sth.使用某物来做某事。故填t deliver。
Ⅳ climbing;when it began 2.is fresh t breathe 3.find it difficult 4.becming the mst beautiful building in ur schl
Ⅴ 考查冠词。句意:昨天,一场由过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了整个亚洲的海岸线,造成了几个国家的6,500多人死亡。根据设空处后的形容词最高级mst pwerful可知,设空处应填定冠词the。
2.cuntries 考查名词的数。句意见上题。由空前的several可知此处应用名词复数形式。
3.which 考查定语从句。句意:周日早上7点左右在印度尼西亚的苏门答腊岛西海岸附近发生海底地震,震级达9.0级,造成至少1,870人死亡。分析句子结构可知, reached a magnitude f 9.0 是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词earthquake, 从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词which。
4.causing 考查现在分词。句意见上题。分析句子成分可知设空处作结果状语,The undersea earthquake与cause之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
5.at 考查介词。此处指死亡人数高达2,498。stand at sth.表示“达特定水平(或数量、高度等)”。故填at。
6.is expected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:(目前)仍有数千人失踪,死亡人数预计还会变得更高。“the number f+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数;number和expect(预计)之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;结合本段语境可知此处应用一般现在时,故填is expected。
7.higher 考查形容词比较级。句意见上题。由句意可知,此处应用形容词比较级。even修饰比较级,用以加强比较。
8.Thugh/Althugh 考查连词。句意:虽然正在为遭受海啸袭击的国家组织外国援助,但危险的环境和被破坏的道路将使运送食物和补给品变得困难。由句意可知,此处应用连词 Thugh/Althugh (意为“尽管,虽然”)引导让步状语从句。
9.damaged 考查过去分词。此处指被破坏的道路。设空处作定语,修饰其后的rads,rads与damage之间为被动关系,故填damaged。
10.t deliver 考查动词不定式。make it difficult t d sth.使得做某事很困难,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。故填t deliver。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了在新冠肺炎爆发后,作者依然没有停止自己的爱心行动,帮助非洲那些在疫情期间挨饿的人。
1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“n fd supplies since March 23 because f lckdwn(隔离)”可知,是因为疫情期间的隔离措施,他们才挨饿。故选C。
2.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“It was nt a lt f mney, but all that I had and I was determined t find a way t get the funds t Kenya frm the US. Luckily, I succeeded in the end.”可知,这笔钱并不多,但作者倾尽所有,作者决心想办法从美国把这笔钱弄到肯尼亚。幸运的是,作者最终成功了。由此判断出作者在帮助那些人的时候,遇到了困难并克服了,最后成功帮助了他们。故选D。A项与第三段中的“It was nt a lt f mney”不符;根据第三段中“My friend has been able t make the mney g far buying crn...”可知,并非作者买的必需品,是朋友帮忙买的,所以B项“他为他们买了必需品”和C项“他通过一个组织帮助他们”与原文不符。
3.A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Many mre peple in ther cuntries in Africa have turned t me fr help. It is heartbreaking.”可知,当许多人向作者求助时,作者非常伤心。故选A。
4.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段(每一天都充满了我从未想象过的问题和困难,也充满了思想、行动和想法,它们正在绽放开来,在许多人之间扩延着爱和仁慈)可知作者是一个内心充满爱和同情的人。故选B。A项“他每天晚上都睡不好觉”,第四段最后一句只是提到每天晚上作者都带着一个问题入睡,希望他的梦能给他指引,并没有说睡不好觉;C项“到目前为止,他已在非洲资助了30个人”,根据第三段倒数第二句可知,他已在非洲资助了50人;D项“他是一个擅长建立网站的人”在文中未提及。
【高频词汇】 1.break ut(疾病、战争、殴斗等)爆发 2.with clarity很清楚地 3.in the end最终 4.present v.呈现出来;颁发;展现 5.be determined t d sth.决定做某事 6.wnder v.想知道 7.n earth 究竟 8.guidance n.指导;引导 9.extend v.扩延;延伸;扩大 10.a large amunt f大量的
长难句分析
原句 Each day is filled with prblems and difficulties I culd never have imagined, and als thughts, actins and ideas that are blssming t extend lve and mercy amng many peple.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主干为Each day is filled with prblems and difficulties, and als thughts, actins and ideas;I culd never have imagined为定语从句,修饰先行词prblems and difficulties; that are blssming t extend lve and mercy amng many peple为定语从句,修饰先行词thughts, actins and ideas。
句意 每一天都充满了我从未想象过的问题和困难,也充满了思想、行动和想法,它们正在绽放开来,在许多人之间扩延着爱和仁慈。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免遭受雷击的一些安全措施。
1.C 根据上文“In the spring and summer mnths, thunderstrms(雷暴) are cmmn.”(在春季和夏季,雷暴是很常见的。)可知,因为经常会发生雷暴,人们可能不会非常重视它。C项“因为它们经常发生,所以有些人不重视它们”符合语境。故选C。
2.A 根据上文“ 1,800 thunderstrms are happening at any mment arund the wrld.”可知,世界各地每时每刻都有近1,800场雷暴发生。下文又提到人被闪电击中的概率,所以A项“事实上,每年都有很多人被闪电击死”符合语境,与上下文连接紧密。故选A。
3.G 上文说到了科学家说一个人被闪电击中的可能性是六十万分之一,下文提到了一些建议做法。由此可知G项“幸运的是,你可以通过遵循这些安全规则来减少这样的可能性”符合语境。故选G。G项中的“thse chances”指的是上一句中的“chances f being struck by lightning”。
4.E 根据上文“Never use the phne.”(千万不要用电话。)可知,设空处和“phne”有关。E项“闪电可以通过电话线而击中你”符合语境。故选E。
5.D 根据下文“If there's n building arund, try t find a lw place t stay in.”(如果周围没有建筑物,试着找一个低的地方待在里面。)可知,下文提到了没有建筑物的情况,由此推知设空处应提到周围有建筑物的情况。故D项“立即进入附近的建筑物或汽车里”符合语境。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.lightning n.闪电 2.strike v.击;侵袭;罢工;使突然想到 3.at nce立刻;马上 4.nearly adv.几乎;差不多;将近 5.stay away frm...远离…… 6.right away立刻;马上
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的家乡新奥尔良经历了一次可怕的飓风,人们失去了家园。但是欣赏新奥尔良的星星的时光给了作者和家人希望。一年后人们回到家园,星星又给了人们继续前行的信心。
1.C 考查副词。句意:这一切发生得太快了。typically典型地;currently现在;quickly快速地;regularly有规律地。根据后文“All f a sudden, there was sky where the rf had been”可知,飓风来得很快。故选C。
2.A 考查动词短语。句意:我正坐在自己的房间里,这时屋顶突然飞走了。fly ff飞走;g all ut全力以赴;calm dwn镇静下来;turn up出现。根据后文“All f a sudden, there was sky where the rf had been”可知,屋顶飞了起来。故选A。
3.A 考查形容词。句意:突然,原来屋顶所在的地方变成了天空,我非常害怕。frightened害怕的;pleased高兴的;curius好奇的;impressive令人印象深刻的。根据常理推断发生自然灾害后作者应是感到非常害怕。故选A。
4.B 考查形容词。句意:没有了屋顶,待在里面真的很艰难。cnfusing令人困惑的; hard艰难的; unique独特的; inspiring激励人心的。根据后文“It was August, s it was really (腐烂的) fd”可知,没有了屋顶,待在屋子里真的很艰难。故选B。
5.D 考查形容词。句意:当时是八月,所以非常热,到处都是难闻的气味,因为很多腐烂的食物被扔在了大街上!sweet芳香的;wet潮湿的;ht炎热的;bad糟糕的。根据后文提到的“很多腐烂的食物被扔在了大街上”可知,气味很难闻。故选D。
6.D 考查形容词。句意:住在露天环境中,我们成了蚊子的早餐、午餐和晚餐。fresh新鲜的;dirty肮脏的;cld寒冷的;pen开放的。根据前文讲屋顶被吹走了可知,“我们”是住在露天环境中。故选D。
7.C 考查动词。句意:但妈妈不断提醒我们……。watch观看;imprve改善;remind提醒;ignre忽视。本句中that后是提醒的具体内容。故选C。
8.A 考查形容词比较级。句意:妈妈的话使我们感觉好些了。better更好的;wrse更差的;htter更热的;harder更难的。根据前文讲“因此,我们一直都在一起,很安全”可知,妈妈的话使我们感觉好些了。故选A。
9.B 考查名词。句意:我记得我们都躺在午夜的天空下仰望星星。bed床;sky天空;atmsphere气氛;scene景色。根据前文“Withut a rf”和后文“lking up at the stars”可知,此处是指躺在午夜的天空下。故选B。
10.B 考查名词。句意:尽管我们失去了很多,但像这些时刻给了我们对未来的希望。mney钱;hpe希望;time时间;ptin选择。根据后文“their beauty inspiring us”可知,这样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。故选B。
11.A 考查动词。句意:虽然没过几天我们就得救了,但感觉像是好几个月。save拯救;recgnize认可;cntact联系;remember记得。根据后文“We were taken t anther twn in a faraway cunty.”可知,“我们”被救了。故选A。
12.D 考查动词。句意:现在,一年过去了,我回到了新奥尔良的家。take带走;pstpne延迟;apprach处理;pass(时间)消逝。根据时间状语Nw可知,一年过去了。故选D。
13.C 考查动词。句意:我们正在一起努力重建我们的家园和我们的生活。bserve观察;explre探索;rebuild重建;extend扩大。根据前文“We had lst ur hme and everything in it.”可知,飓风毁掉了“我们”的家园,所以现在需要重建。故选C。
14.D 考查名词。句意:现在我们有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星星,它们的美丽激励着我们,给了我们前进的信心。facility设施;rf屋顶;huse房屋;star星星。根据前文讲到的“我们”都躺在午夜的天空下仰望星空可知,此处是指现在“我们”有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星星。故选D。
15.B 考查名词。句意见上题。cmfrt安慰;cnfidence信心;challenge挑战;directin方向。根据“their beauty inspiring us”可知,此处是讲星星的美丽给了我们前进的信心。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.all f a sudden突然 2.keep n ding sth.继续做某事 3.inspire v.激励 4.mve n前进 5.calm dwn(使)平静,镇静 6.pstpne v.推迟,延迟 7.explre v.探索