人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists测试题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists测试题，共19页。
1.Strng (领导才能) is needed t captain(担任……的队长) this team.
2.The player's (杰出的) perfrmance left a deep impressin n everyne present.
3.The prfessr's (抽象的) thery is hard fr us t understand.
4.T adapt t the rapid ecnmic develpment, China has put frward sme new develpment (观念).
5.I have gt (生动的) memries f my happy childhd.
6.All the teachers are satisfied with yur (绝妙的) perfrmance in the speech cntest.
7.Sheng Xiahan, a high schl student in Shanghai, is utging and kind, and (此外), he always steps up whenever peple need help.
8.Accrding t the reprt, the mn is turning red, and it's likely Earth's (过错).
9.T ur amazement, he refused t (转变) his idea.
10.Researchers are trying t find ut what t d t d the patient frm the virus's further pssible attacks.
Ⅱ.选词填空
break ut;in charge f;cme dwn with;abve all;take n
1.I'd like t speak t the persn wh is this prgram.
2.When Wrld War I , he decided t jin the army immediately.
3.I have been cughing these days, s I think I am flu.
4.I want t buy a huse—mdern, cmfrtable and in a quiet neighbrhd.
5.His assistant will have t mst f his wrk while he is absent.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The cruelty f tw yung men is (vivid)brught t life in this true stry.
2.Lang Lang is a (gift) pianist wh has been wrking hard t imprve himself.
3.The number f the cmpany's exprts has been increasing (steady) in the past several years.
4.Nw my (assist) will shw yu hw t use this machine efficiently.
5.Even befre the utbreak, cinemas struggled with the Internet “encraching”, seeing mre and mre yungsters (shift)interest t vide-sharing apps.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.读书时,他时不时地点头。
the bk, he ndded frm time t time.
2.我相信你足够强大,能应对这些挑战。
I believe yu deal with these challenges.
3.为了拯救病人的生命,医生们彻夜工作。
Dctrs wrked thrugh the night the lives f patients.
4.我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的更好。 seems better than what we have.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The Father f China's Aerspace
Perhaps n ther scientist has had a 1 (great) impact n China's aerspace science than Qian Xuesen. He was a well-respected man, 2 served his hmeland with effrt, achievement, and devtin. Brn in Hangzhu in 1911, Qian attended schls in Beijing and Shanghai. In 1935, he went t the US 3 further study and then wrked there. After 4 (vercme) sme difficulties, he 5 (return) t China in 1955, and was put in charge f develping China's rcket science as well as the space and missile prgramme. Faced with challenges, Qian didn't feel discuraged. When 6 (ask) “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?”, his reply was “Why nt?” Under 7 (he) leadership, China develped its wn missiles, rckets, and man-made satellites 8 (success). Qian was knwledgeable. Hwever, 9 made him an utstanding and creative scientist was prbably his interest in ther things like music and drawing, which gave him 10 (inspire) in scientific research. The whle cuntry was saddened by Qian's death in 2009.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020北京西城区高二上期末,)
Eln Musk, perhaps the wrld's mst brilliant businessman, has a habit f making statements that stretch the bunds f believability.
On July 16th, 2019, he intrduced a new type f brain-machine interface(BMI), starting frm the design f “neural lace(神经织网)”, a net f thin electrdes(电极) that capture the infrmatin frm the brain. Hwever, the electrdes must be flexible, s that they d nt damage brain tissue and will last fr a lng time. And t make the implantatin(植入) f s many electrdes safe, painless and effective, the prcess has t be autmated.
Mr. Musk's team des indeed seem t have made prgress twards these gals. Their presentatin includes vides f a rbt that is best described as a sewing machine. This rbt grabs “threads”, and shts them deep int the brain thrugh a hle. The firm has als designed a chip that can handle signals frm as many as 3,072 electrdes.
With all these technlgical breakthrughs, the firm nw hpes t help peple vercme such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that wuld sit behind smene's ear, picking up signals frm the implanted chip and passing them n as apprpriate. In a few years, using a brain implant t cntrl yur devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphnes tday. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allw humans t be cmbined with AI systems, thus enabling the species t survive.
Thugh, as this annuncement shws, Mr. Musk des have a habit f presenting himself as the her f the human race, at least the cncept that sme machines will cme under the direct cntrl f human brains seems pssible t be carried ut. The biggest barrier t this happening will prbably nt be writing the sftware needed t interpret brainwaves, but persuading peple that the necessary surgery, whether by the sewing machine r therwise, is actually a gd idea.
1.We can learn frm the first tw paragraphs that .
A.electrdes shuld be flexible t extend life
B.Eln Musk cnstantly cmes up with unexpected ideas
C.neural lace is used t stre infrmatin frm the brain
D.electrdes are implanted by tp surgens fr safety reasns
2.What des the underlined wrd “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?

A.Useful. B.Cmmn.
C.Prfessinal. D.Apprpriate.
3.What is the hardest part f carrying ut BMI?
A.Cnvincing peple t accept the surgery.
B.Develping devices t perfrm the surgery.
C.Writing the sftware t interpret brainwaves.
D.Infrming peple f the success f the surgery.
4.What is the best title f this passage?
A.The Neural Lace, a New Type f BMI
B.Eln Musk, the Her f Human Beings
C.Artificial Intelligence, the Way t Survive
D.A Brain Implant, a Step t Cntrl Machines
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020河南师大附中高二上期末,)
Hw t Succeed in Science
T succeed in science, yu need a lt mre than luck. In my view, yu have t cmbine intelligence with a willingness nt t fllw cnventins when they blck yur frward path. Thus, these have cme t be my rules fr success.
1
That might sund prud, but the fact is that yu must always turn t peple wh are brighter than yu. It's like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted t play games with anyne wh was as bad as I was. If yu win, it gives yu n pleasure. And in the game f science r life, the highest gal isn't simply t win;it's t win at smething really difficult. 2
Take risks.
T make a huge success, a scientist has t be prepared t get int deep truble. If yu are ging t make a huge jump in science, yu will very likely be unqualified t succeed by definitin. 3 This can be mre than persnally upsetting.
Never d anything that bres yu.
My experience in science is that smene is always telling yu t d things, and then leaves yu alne. I'm nt gd enugh t d well in smething I dislike. 4
It's very hard t succeed if yu dn't want t be with ther scientists, because yu have t g t key meetings where yu spt key facts that wuld have escaped yu. And yu have t chat with yur cmpetitrs, even if yu find them bjectinable.
S my final rule is: 5
A.Meet challenges with great curage.
B.If yu can't stand being with yur real peers, get ut f science.
C.Put anther way, it's t g smewhere beynd yur ability and cme ut n tp.
D.Make sure yu always have smene t save yu frm a deep mess.
E.Avid flish peple.
F.In fact, I find it hard t d well in smething I like.
G.Besides, yu even have t be prepared t disbelieve yur scientific heres.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
(2021辽宁省协作校高二上联考,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Catherine Svilicic never wuld have guessed her adpted rescue dg Khan wuld shw aggressin (攻击) twards her yung 17-mnth-ld baby, Charltte!
The day began with the usual playtime utside. Althugh baby Charltte had her parents watching frm a distance, they did nt ntice anything ut f the rdinary. Charltte and the new dg had been making a habit f playing like this. Hwever, things were different that day. Catherine watched as Khan threw her baby acrss their backyard! Why was Khan acting as thugh the lvely child was a threat? Catherine watched him drag her child, hping he wuld stp. Sadly, it seemed that Catherine needed t immediately intervene because this was nly the beginning. He tightly bit int her diaper (纸尿裤) t thrw her back and frth. This is when things gt ut f hand. Certainly, Catherine was angry with Khan fr thrwing her girl. Hwever, smething deep dwn tld Catherine there was mre t this than what they were seeing. Little did she knw that these dubts wuld turn ut t be true.
But her baby was still in great danger. Catherine nted that her baby seemed a target. That mment she mentined when the dg sank his teeth int Charltte's diaper and used his strength t thrw her baby like “a dll” was terrifying! Luckily, thse teeth did nt g near her skin, especially her face and the baby was actually quite calm. Perhaps, the baby understd smething abut Khan's intentins.
Catherine knew that she needed t act fast and catch her pr child. Smething happening t Khan next that cnfused the whle family.
While the baby stayed calm, thers culd nt help but panic. Charltte's mther said, “Had I nt seen it with my very wn eyes, I'd never have believed it.” Therefre, she ran t Charltte and carried her t safety.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
While Catherine brught her baby t shelter, Khan barked madly and then fell dwn.



Paragraph 2:
Finally, the whle family realized Khan was a her f attacking a pisnus snake.




答案全解全析
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Yur Prgress &Vide Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.utstanding 3.abstract 4.cncepts
5.vivid 6.brilliant 7.furthermre 8.fault 9.transfrm
10.defend
Ⅱ charge f 2.brke ut 3.cming dwn with 4.abve all 5.take n
Ⅲ 考查词性转换。句意:这个真实的故事把两个年轻人的残酷刻画得入木三分。修饰is brught t life应该用副词。故填vividly。
2.gifted 考查词性转换。句意:郎朗是一位有天赋的钢琴家,他一直在努力提高自己。分析句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作定语修饰pianist, 故填形容词gifted,意为“有天赋的”。
3.steadily 考查词性转换。句意:在过去几年里,这家公司的出口产品的数量一直在稳步增长。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作状语修饰has been increasing,故填副词steadily,意为“平稳地,稳定地”。
4.assistant 考查名词。句意:现在我的助手会为你展示如何高效地使用这台机器。设空处在句中作主语,应用名词,故填assistant,意为“助手,助理”。
5.shift 考查非谓语动词。此处指电影院与互联网的“蚕食”作斗争,看着越来越多的年轻人将兴趣转移到视频分享应用软件上。此处为see sb. d sth.结构,故填shift。
Ⅳ reading 2.are strng enugh t 3.t save
4.What we can't get
Ⅴ 考查形容词比较级。句意:或许没有其他科学家比钱学森对中国的航天科学影响更大了。 由后文中的than可以判断设空处应用形容词比较级,故填greater。注意:否定词与形容词比较级连用表示最高级的含义。
2.wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 2 served his hmeland with effrt, achievement, and devtin是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词man,且从句中缺少主语,故填wh。
3.fr 考查介词。句意:1935年,他去美国深造,然后在那里工作。further study意为“深造”,此处应用介词fr,表示“为了”。
4.vercming 考查动名词。句意:在克服了一些困难之后,他于1955年返回中国……。After为介词,其后应接动名词。故填vercming。
5.returned 考查动词的时态。句意:在克服了一些困难之后,他于1955年回到中国……。分析句子结构可知,设空处充当谓语,根据时间状语in 1955可知此处用一般过去时,故填returned。
6.asked 考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问到“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗?”,他的回答是“为什么不能呢?”分析句子结构可知,此处完整的表达为:When he was asked “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?”, 故填asked。
7.his 考查代词。句意:在他的领导下,中国成功地研制了自己的导弹、火箭和人造卫星。分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语修饰名词leadership,故用形容词性物主代词his。
8.successfully 考查词性转换。句意:在他的领导下,中国成功地研制了自己的导弹、火箭和人造卫星。分析句子结构可知,设空处作状语修饰动词develped,故用副词successfully。
9.what 考查名词性从句。句意:然而,使他成为一位杰出的、富有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他东西的兴趣,比如音乐和绘画,这为他的科学研究提供了灵感。分析句子结构可知, 9 made him an utstanding and creative scientist是一个主语从句,且从句中缺少主语,表示“……的事情”,故用连接代词what。
10.inspiratin 考查词性转换。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,设空处作及物动词gave的直接宾语,故填名词inspiratin,意为“启发,灵感,激励”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃隆·马斯克提出的新型脑机接口的想法,并从现今研究成果和未来应用前景方面进行了详细说明。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Eln a habit f making statements that stretch the bunds f believability.”和第二段中的“On July 16th, 2019, he intrduced a new type f brain-machine interface (BMI)”可知埃隆·马斯克经常能提出前所未闻的想法,故选B。由文章第二段的第二句可知电极要有弹性是为了使它们不伤害大脑组织并且它们本身能够持续很长时间,所以A项错误;由文章第二段的第一句可知神经织网是被用来从大脑中捕获信息,而非存储,所以B项错误;由文章第二段的最后一句可知,为了使如此多的电极的植入变得安全、无痛和有效,这个过程必须是自动化的,所以D项错误。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“They designed a small device that wuld sit behind smene's ear, picking up signals frm the implanted chip and passing them n as apprpriate.”可知,现在设计的小设备安装在人的耳后,从植入的芯片中收集信息,然后以合适的方式传出去。表明现在的应用较为复杂。画线词所在句与现在形成对比,表明几年后,这项技术会变得和现在戴无线耳机一样普遍。故选B。
3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The biggest barrier t this happening will prbably nt be writing the sftware needed t interpret brainwaves, but persuading peple that the necessary actually a gd idea.”可知,最大的阻碍可能不是编写软件,而是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“On July 16th, 2019, he intrduced a new type f brain-machine interface (BMI)”可知2019年7月16日,他介绍了一种新型脑机接口。接下来全文围绕新型脑机接口(BMI)进行展开说明,因此可知A项“神经织网,一种新型的脑机接口”可以概括文章中心。
【高频词汇】 1.capture vt.捕获 2.flexible adj.有弹性的
3.effective adj.有效的 4.handle v.处理 5.pick up接收(信号或声音) 6.apprpriate adj.恰当的 7.present v.展示;表现
8.carry ut执行 9.barrier n.障碍
长难句分析
原句 The biggest barrier t this happening will prbably nt be writing the sftware needed t interpret brainwaves, but persuading peple that the necessary surgery, whether by the sewing machine r therwise, is actually a gd idea.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。其中needed t interpret brainwaves是后置定语,修饰sftware;而persuading peple后是一个宾语从句。
句意 这件事最大的障碍可能不会是编写解释脑电波所需的软件,而是说服人们不管是用缝纫机还是其他方式,这个必要的手术实际上是个好主意。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了如何在科学上取得成功。
1.E 根据空后的内容可知,作者认为只有和比自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西,所以本段建议避免和愚蠢的人在一起。故选E。
2.C 根据设空处前一句话可知,作者认为在科学或生活的游戏中,最高的目标不仅仅是获胜,而是做成一些非常困难的事情。换句话说,最高目标是去超出自己能力范围的领域并名列前茅。C选项是对前一句话的进一步解释。
3.G 根据设空处前文可知,作者认为如果想取得巨大成功,科学家必须准备好陷入很深的困境中。如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃,你很可能没有资格获得成功。此外,甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄,也就是要勇于质疑权威。故G选项符合语境。
4.F 根据设空处前一句话中的d well in smething I dislike可知,在科学研究中,对于自己不喜欢的事情作者做不好,但对于自己喜欢的事情作者也不一定能做好。故选F。
5.B 根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和其他科学家交流,从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流,即使你觉得他们令人反感。因此本段建议如果你无法忍受与你真正相匹敌的人一起工作,你就不要进行科学研究了。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.intelligence n.智力;智慧 2.willingness n.乐意;意愿 3.take risks 冒险 4.unqualified adj.没资格的;不能胜任的 5.definitin n.释义,定义 6.leave sb. alne 不管某人;不干涉某人 7.cmpetitr n.竞争者;对手 8.peer n.相匹敌的人;同龄人;同等地位的人 9.put anther way 换句话说
10.scientific adj.科学的
长难句分析
原句 It's very hard t succeed if yu dn't want t be with ther scientists,because yu have t g t key meetings where yu spt key facts that wuld have escaped yu.
分析 本句为主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句;because引导原因状语从句,该从句中where引导定语从句,修饰先行词meetings,where在从句中作状语;that wuld have escaped yu也是一个定语从句,修饰先行词facts,that在从句中作主语。
句意 如果你不想和其他科学家在一起(工作),你就很难成功,因为你必须去参加一些重要会议,在那里你会发现一些关键的事实,而这些事实本来会被你忽视。
Ⅲ.
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
While Catherine brught her baby t shelter, Khan barked madly and then fell dwn. N ne understd what was ging n! The dg cntinued crying and then fell almst lifeless. Nw this sent Catherine int panic. She fcused n the dg, watching his dying eyes, and realized Khan needed emergency care. All f a sudden, she saw a snake nt far frm Khan. Obviusly, Khan had been prtecting her child instead f attacking her.
Paragraph 2:
Finally, the whle family realized Khan was a her f attacking a pisnus snake. It turned ut that Khan was prtecting Charltte frm a deadly, pisnus snake even thugh living with the family fr nly fur days. Thus, it was lucky that Khan caught the snake and did save that baby's life, shwing his uncnditinal lve. With the rest f the family watching in shck, Catherine hurried t take the dg t the vet's. Frtunately, Khan, this heric animal, impressed even the vet with his rapid recvery and prgress. Hw happy the grateful family were!
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
at playtime
Place
utdrs
Character
Dg:Khan;Charltte:a 17-mnth-ld baby;Mther:Catherine Svilicic
Event
The adpted dg Khan acted aggressively t Catherine's baby.
故事
情节
Beginning
当他们在外面玩耍时,Catherine看到Khan对她的孩子表现出攻击。
Develpment
Khan拖着Charltte,咬着她的纸尿裤,把她扔来扔去。
续写
方向
Para. 1
While Catherine brught her baby t shelter, Khan barked madly and then fell dwn.
①Why did Khan bark madly and fall dwn?
②Hw did peple feel?
③What did Catherine find n the scene?
④What did Catherine think f?
Para. 2
Finally, the whle family realized Khan was a her f attacking a pisnus snake.
① What was the truth?
②What did Catherine d next?
③What happened t Khan?
④Hw did the family feel?