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- UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第四册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 4 次下载
- UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION Part 4-2022版英语选择性必修第四册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 2 次下载
- UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第四册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 3 次下载
- UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS Part 2-2022版英语选择性必修第四册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 4 次下载
- UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第四册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 3 次下载
英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction课时练习
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这是一份英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction课时练习，共10页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37，What d U等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2020北京东城区高二下期末,易)
Cme t build rbts!
Rbts are fun t play with, but did yu knw that they are equally fun t build? Dn't wrry, it's easier than yu may think. Yu dn't have t knw lts abut electrnics r be a genius at engineering t have a g at creating yur wn rbt. There are lts f simple kits(配套组件)and resurces available that make it easy t build a rbt in yur wn hme, and if yu dn't feel cnfident enugh t have a g at hme, there are plenty f clubs that ffer curses in rbt-building t yung peple.
◇Why t build?
“Creating a rbt teaches yu greatly abut hw it is put tgether and hw it wrks,”says Steve Hubbard, f Rbt Fun, which hsts rbtics master classes fr teens in Sufflk. “As yu build and test a rbt, yu als learn hw t fix it when things g wrng, as they always d.” Building and prgramming a rbt is a practical applicatin f science and engineering and a great way f learning hw t slve all srts f prblems. Yu dn't need any special skills. If yu can build with Leg r draw a line, yu can build and prgram a rbt.
◇Hw t start?
Matthew Applegate runs the Creative Cmputing Club in Ipswich, Sufflk. He says, “The Leg Rbts kits are amazing. Yu can use cardbard, glue sticks and string t make a prttype(雏形).” Sme kits can be expensive but there are ways t build yur rbts using things arund the huse. Yu can build an arm with cardbard, straws and string, adding it t a lw-cst kit.
Building rbts is really great. It isn't easy at first, but when yu get better, yu will be surprised hw much yu can d. Cme t get yur first rbt kit and make it whirr int life!
ØFr details n hw t build a Raspberry Pi buggy:tinyurl.cm/TW J-rbtbuggy
ØFr details n hw t jin a rbt club:tinyurl.cm/TW J-members
ØFr mre infrmatin n kits and classes:tinyurl.cm/TW J-resurces
ØFr mre infrmatin n rbts and their histry:tinyurl.cm/TW J-realrbts
1.What's essential t build a rbt at hme?
A.Gd skills at electrnics.
B.Necessary parts t put tgether.
C.Much knwledge n engineering.
D.Rich experience in playing with rbts.
2.If yu want t knw mre abut different rbt kits,yu can visit .
J-rbtbuggy
J-realrbts
J-resurces
J-members
3.What is the main purpse f the passage?
A.T encurage teens t learn t slve prblems by building rbts.
B.T explain the advantages f building ne's wn rbts.
C.T analyse the need f teens t build their wn rbts.
D.T advertise a methd f building rbts with fun.
B
(2021福建泰宁一中高二下期中,中)
I believe in the pwer f science fictin, nt just fr its capacity t turn dreams int reality, but als fr its pwer t bnd tgether thse wh share a cmmn view f the future. Fr me,that's true fr my relatinship with my dad. Sme fathers and sns bnd ver sprts, fishing r hunting, but my dad and I bnd ver Star Trek. We tried a trip t Disney Wrld, but ne f my earliest memries wasn't Mickey, but a Klingn battle cruiser n the screen.
Over the years, nearly every situatin has becme far away fr my dad and me. When it's warm at night, we're nt driving alng sme dark streets in Indiana, but ging at a slw speed with stars dimly shining. Bth f us are thinking f them, withut needing t say a wrd. All these imaginatins f ther universes have tgether created a private universe fr my dad and me.
Gene Rddenberry, creatr f Star Trek, nce said, “Science fictin is a way f thinking, a way f lgic that bypasses a lt f nnsense. It allws peple t lk directly at imprtant subjects.” A lifetime f science fictin has influenced mre than just my relatinship with my dad, but has als helped me shape my wn hpes fr the future. I'm nw a science writer.
Yes, science fictin has made me int a “nerd” and it als has been a surce f jy fr my family, making me an ptimist while enabling me t think critically abut the danger f technlgy. Thank thse authrs wh have shared their visins: the wrld and my family are better fr it. Thank my dad, wh is bth the best stryteller and the best man I have ever knwn.
4.What cntributes t the bnd between the authr and his father?
A.Their similar dream.
B.Their lve fr each ther.
C.Their cmmn interest.
D.Their hbby f fishing.
5.What des the authr mainly shw in Paragraph 2?
A.His deep impressin f his dad.
B.His feeling f staying with his dad.
C.His earliest memry f his dad.
D.His gd relatinship with his dad.
6.Hw des science fictin help the authr at present?
A.It leads him t pursue a desirable career.
B.It brings him the curage t live better.
C.It inspires him t face the danger f technlgy.
D.It makes him a surce f his family's jy.
7.What may be the best title fr the text?
A.The Wnders Science Brings
B.The Pwer f Science Fictin
C.The Stries Abut Science Fictin
D.The Time Tgether with My Father
C
(2021山东潍坊高二下期中,中)
Farms are battlefields, frcing grwers t fight against greedy pests and aggressive weeds in never-ending, cstly campaigns that ften invlve chemical weapns. Thse weapns als harm inncent bystanders such as bees and fish. Nw, as U.S. farmers have changed their types f pesticides, birds and mammals have been affected less, whereas pllinatrs are suffering. The txic(有毒的)impact n land plants has als increased sharply, likely because farmers are using increasing kinds f chemicals t fight weeds that have becme resistant t cmmn herbicides(除草剂).
In recent decades, the amunt f pesticides used in the United States has gne dwn by abut 40%. But active ingredients have becme mre pwerful. Fr example, fast-acting pesticides are very txic.Sme require as little as 6 grams per hectare, cmpared with several kilgrams f the lder pesticides. Ralf Schulz, an ectxiclgist, wndered whether verall txicity in the ecsystem had changed. A few studies had lked at certain cmpunds and rganisms, but nthing had been dne n a natinal scale.
Schulz and clleagues started with the U.S. Gelgical Survey data n self-reprted pesticide use by U.S. farmers frm 1992 t 2016. They als gathered txicity data frm the U.S. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency n thse same cmpunds—381 in all. The gd news is that ttal txicity fr birds and mammals frm 1992 t 2016 decreased mre than 95%, largely because f the phaseut(逐步停止)f lder pesticides. Txicity fr fish declined by less—abut ne-third.
Schulz hpes mre researches will help plicymakers and thers think mre abut the cmplexity f pest and weed cntrl, and wild species, in rder t reduce unintentinal harm. The rising txicity in plants culd lead t less diverse habitats and fd resurces that eventually spread t animal ppulatins, ptentially causing lsses. “The patterns in the U.S. pesticide use and txicity data shuld be a warning fr the rest f the wrld, much f which seems t be leaning mre heavily n pesticide use rather than eclgical interactins fr pest cntrl,” Schulz said.
8.What d U.S. farmers usually d t fight against pests and weeds?
A.They change land plants.
B.They use chemical weapns.
C.They harm inncent bystanders.
D.They increase kinds f pllinatrs.
9.Hw did Schulz and his cwrkers carry ut their study?
A.By giving examples.
B.By analyzing data.
C.By ding experiments.
D.By interviewing farmers.
10.Which f the fllwing best describes Schulz's attitude t pesticide use?
A.Subjective.B.Dubtful.
C.Negative.D.Favrable.
11.What will happen if txicity in plants cntinues t increase?
A.Unintentinal harm will be reduced.
B.Peple will have mre fd resurces.
C.Eclgical interactins will increase.
D.The number f animals will decrease.
D
(2021山东潍坊、滨州部分学校高二联考,中)
Francisc Fernandez died after falling ff a mtrbike. The 45-year-ld man was a belved cmmunity figure. But with a public-facing jb and a spt n his lung, he was cnsidered a pssible COVID-19 carrier. A dctr rdered his family t bury him quickly, against Philippine traditin, and all eight peple wh lived with him were kept in quarantine(隔离) fr 14 days in their crwded hme.
Yet when Anthny Crtez, the dctr wh had rdered the rushed burial and quarantine, arrived t check n the Fernandez family, nne f them expressed anger. Instead, faces lit up and the kids waved eagerly.
Crtez, the nly cmmunity dctr in Bambang, has verseen their medical care fr years. They trust him, and he makes them laugh. The family gathered utside t have their temperatures taken by the dctr. When the kids tried t give Crtez high fives fr nt having a fever, the 56-year-ld, in a surgical mask, a face shield, and rubber glves, shwed “air fives” instead. Fr the 56,000 peple living in Bambang, Crtez is their primary caregiver and the first respnder.
When the first crnavirus(冠状病毒)case in the Philippines was cnfirmed n January 30, the twn's respnse fell t Crtez. He and Mayr Pepit Balgs decided t take actin based n science that, if necessary, wuld g beynd natinal restrictins. Crtez and Balgs are sharply aware f the threat the virus pses t Bambang, which sits in a valley surrunded by muntains. Anyne ging suth t Manila r nrth tward the rest f the cuntry ends up passing thrugh Bambang.
Crtez quickly set up a system f cntact tracing. Using infrmatin frm the twn's 25 villages, he made a list f all the peple wh had traveled t ther cuntries, and placed them under strict hme quarantine. Anyne with infectius disease symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains. S far that center has remained empty.
“It is safer t assume that everybdy is psitive,” he explained.
12.What is Crtez's reactin t the death f Francisc Fernandez?
A.Expressing his sympathy.
B.Drwning himself int grief.
C.Shwing prfessinal sensitivity.
D.Fllwing the traditin.
13.On what basis des Crtez take strict measures t prtect Bambang?
A.Its gegraphic character.
B.Its lack f medical staff.
C.Its large ppulatin.
D.The demand f the natin.
14.What can be inferred abut the cntact tracing system set up by Crtez?
A.It is ttally a waste f effrt.
B.It is cmplained abut by lcal peple.
C.It is praised by higher authrities.
D.It is effective as a prtective means.
15.Where is this text mst likely frm?
A.A diary.B.A nvel.
C.A magazine.D.A bigraphy.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021江西省莲花中学高二下月考,易)
Bks have a beginning, a middle and an end. 16 T prperly read a bk, yu shuld pay attentin t its imprtance. Fr nn-fictin bks, it is imprtant t read text in its entirety but think abut nly the majr pints the authr is trying t express.
Chse a well-lit and quiet place t read yur bk. 17 Yu are mre likely t cncentrate n the wrds n the page if yu are nt affected by nises r ther things.
Decide hw much time yu want t devte t the reading. Yu may want t adjust this time alltment(分配)accrding t hw lng and hw difficult the reading material is. 18
19 If yu wn yur bk, use nte-taking symbls in the paragraphs. Fr example, if yu find smething that is imprtant, put a star r a few wrds next t it. If yu are unsure f smething and it needs mre research, put a questin mark next t it.
Write answers t questins at the end f yur reading and give definitins f imprtant terms. Fr every 100 pages f text yu shuld have at least three t five pages f written ntes. 20 If yu are using a cmputer t take ntes, dn't cpy and paste text frm yur reading.
A.Write in yur bk.
B.Make a detailed plan.
C.Use yur wn wrds t answer yur questins.
D.As such they shuld be read frm start t finish.
E.Turn ff yur cell phne and televisin s that yur attentin wn't be disturbed.
F.Therefre, stp every nw and then t think abut the structure and main cntent.
G.Fr example, spend 4 hurs n detailed reading f a 250-page bk and 1 hur n nte-taking.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021山东师范大学附中高二月考,中)
All students have ups and dwns. When there's a drp in a student's grades r behaviur, we teachers' nrmal 21 may be ding mre harm than gd.
Yu see, it's 22 t immediately pull struggling students aside fr a chat. This may include many questins, advice, and 23 wrds. But it may be all a 24 . Studies fund that it prevents students frm dealing with challenges n their wn. Students 25 they're struggling. They can feel it and see it. Like all peple, thugh, it takes time t 26 it.
What have put students in 27 may be quarrels with parents r friends, failures in sprts r just laziness. Whatever the 28 , it's best t give them time t think, evaluate, and 29 a curse f actin. Just 30 a few days befre intervening(干预). When a student 31 thinks and learns hw t face difficulties, he'll ften be braver and mre cnfident. Stepping in t sn may let them frm a habit f 32 thers.
But if a week r s has passed and yu haven't 33 any change fr the better, then pull them aside and ask them ne simple, pen-ended questin: “Yu're nt ding well lately. Are yu 34 ?” This questin encurages them t talk thrugh what they're 35 and begin t cme t their wn cnclusins.
Hwever, if they have mental prblems, ptential dangers, etc., yu must immediately step in.
B.reactinC.trainingD.expectatin
B.challenging
C.cmmnD.bring
B.thughtless
C.embarrassingD.encuraging
B.tryC.lessnD.threat
B.knwC.pretendD.disbelieve
intB.hld backC.give awayD.get ver
B.silenceC.trubleD.charge
B.actinC.chanceD.utcme
B.decideC.admitD.regret
B.discussC.travelD.chat
B.suddenly
C.independentlyD.regularly
B.picking up
C.relying nD.cpying
B.verlkedC.requiredD.nticed
B.angryC.hnestD.gifted
B.experiencing
C.studyingD.testing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021河南南阳高二下月考,易)
Scientists at the University f Liverpl have develped a rbt that can run experiments n its wn. It's nt new fr labs t use rbts. But earlier rbts usually stayed in ne place and
36 (d) ne jb ver and ver again. This rbt is different. It's able t 37 (easy) mve arund in the same kind f space as humans d. It uses a special system called LIDAR t guide 38 (it). With ne lng arm which can turn in almst any directin, the rbt can use several different kinds f lab equipment and carry ut 39 variety f tasks.
The scientists say it tk a lt f wrk 40 (prgram) the rbt s that it culd d things withut 41 (make) mistakes. Once the prgramming is dne, thugh, the rbt will make 42 (few) mistakes than a human.
T test their rbt, the scientists gave it a task: find a material 43 was able t prduce hydrgen frm water. The rbt was prgrammed t understand the basic methds fr the experiment, but it 44 (give) 10 different things it culd change which culd influence the results. That meant that the rbt culd chse frm arund 98 millin different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the rbt ran 688 experiments, always chsing its next experiment based 45 the results f the last ne.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021湖南长沙一中高二下月考,中)
假如你是李华,你的外国朋友Jack想了解中国的“新四大发明(高铁、移动支付、共享单车、网上购物)”中对人们生活影响最大的一项。请你回信给他,内容包括:
1.这一项发明的名称;
2.这一项发明带来的影响。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:“新四大发明”为:high-speed rail(HSR)高铁;mbile payment移动支付;shared bicycles共享单车;nline shpping网上购物
Dear Jack,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021福建厦门湖滨中学高二下期中,难)
As Lia Bentley walked hme frm schl n a cld Octber afternn, she saw symmetry(对称)all arund her: in the faces f peple and the clthes they wre, in the buildings she passed and in the cars that went by, the birds in the sky, even the autumn leaves that cvered the sidewalk.
All the mnth, Lia's class had been studying different frms f symmetry, and Lia was very interested. Mr. Ferris, their science teacher, had given them their final task: t find the mst beautiful example f symmetry and give a reprt t the class n it.
Lia lked at the task in her ntebk. The mst beautiful example f symmetry, she thught. What n earth culd that be? Halfway thrugh the schl year, she'd been given a micrscpe(显微镜)fr her birthday. Nw she realized that she culd use it t study symmetry. She set up what she called “labratry” in the small wden huse. The micrscpe std n a table. She hped t find an example f symmetry that wuld stand ut frm all the thers. Lia spent hurs n the examinatin f cells and drps f pnd water full f strange symmetrical life. Althugh she was surprised by what she saw, it trubled her that nne was truly beautiful. Lia stayed in the wden huse until her father called her inside. “Cme n, Lia. It's getting cld ut. The weather frecast says it's ging t snw.”
Lia suddenly felt sad. Snw meant winter was n its way. The cld weather wuld mean fewer things t lk at under the micrscpe. Snw wuld ften cver the area like a blanket, hiding everything frm sight.
“Cme inside!” her father called again.
“Be there in a minute,Dad!” Lia called back.
Just then, the dr f the wden huse was blwn pen by a shrt strng wind. As she turned her head against the wind, she caught sight f a single snwflake(雪花)that had been blwn int the wden huse and nt the stage(载物台)f her micrscpe.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Lia lked thrugh the micrscpe, and t her surprise, she saw the mst beautiful example f symmetry she culd ever have imagined.
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, Lia had an idea—she ran t her huse and picked up her camera.
答案全解全析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为什么要自己建造机器人以及怎样开始建造机器人,并希望我们能参与到建造机器人的活动中来。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Yu dn't have t knw lts abut electrnics r be a genius at engineering t have a g at creating yur wn rbt.”可知,如果你想尝试创造你自己的机器人,你不必对电子学有太多了解,也不必是一个工程天才。再根据第一段第四句“There are lts f simple kits and resurces available that make it easy t build a rbt in yur wn hme”可知,如果你想在自己家里创造机器人,有很多配套元件和资源可以使用。综上所述,在家创造机器人必不可少的是组装所需的零件。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分中“Fr mre infrmatin n kits and classes:tinyurl.cm/TW J-resurces”可知,如果你想了解更多关于机器人配套组件的信息,你可以访问网址tinyurl.cm/TW J-resurces。故选C项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章题目“Cme t build rbts!”和文章内容可知,文章主要是在宣传一种有趣的制造机器人的方法,并希望你可以参与进来。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.genius n.天才;天赋 2.have a g试一试 3.plenty f许多,大量 4.g wrng出毛病;弄错 5.prgram v.编写程序
长难句分析
原句 There are lts f simple kits and resurces available that make it easy t build a rbt in yur wn hme, and if yu dn't feel cnfident enugh t have a g at hme, there are plenty f clubs that ffer curses in rbt-building t yung peple.
分析 第二个and连接前后两个分句;第一个分句中,that引导的是一个定语从句,先行词为kits and resurces;第二个分句中,if引导的是条件状语从句。
句意 有很多简单的配套组件和资源可以让你很容易地在自己家里创造一个机器人,如果你没有足够的信心在家里尝试,有很多为年轻人提供机器人建造课程的俱乐部。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说,它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情,而且帮助作者实现了梦想。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fr me, that's true fr my relatinship with my dad. Sme fathers and sns bnd ver sprts, fishing r hunting, but my dad and I bnd ver Star Trek.(对我来说,我和我父亲的关系也是如此。有些父亲和儿子会因为运动、钓鱼或打猎而增进感情,但我父亲和我却会因为《星际迷航》而增进感情。)”可知,是作者和他父亲的共同兴趣促成了他们之间的关系。故选C。
5.D 主旨大意题。根据第二段叙述“这些年来,几乎所有的场景对我和爸爸来说都变得很遥远。晚上暖和的时候,我们不是在印第安纳州黑暗的街道上开车,而是在星光朦胧的照耀下缓慢行驶。我们两个人都在想着它们,不用说一句话。所有这些对其他宇宙的想象共同为我和爸爸创造了一个私人的宇宙。”可知,该段主要叙述了作者和他爸爸的良好关系。故选D。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A lifetime f science fictin has influenced mre than just my relatinship with my dad, but has als helped me shape my wn hpes fr the future. I'm nw a science writer.(一生中阅读科幻小说不仅影响了我和父亲的关系,还帮助我塑造了自己对未来的希望。我现在是一名科学作家。)”可知,科幻小说帮助作者追求理想的职业。故选A。
7.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“I believe in the pwer f science fictin, nt just fr its capacity t turn dreams int reality, but als fr its pwer t bnd tgether thse wh share a cmmn view f the future.(我相信科幻小说的力量,不仅因为它能把梦想变成现实,还因为它能把那些对未来有着共同愿景的人联系在一起。)”结合文章主要讲述了作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说,它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情,而且帮助作者实现了梦想。可知,B选项“科幻小说的力量”最适合作文章标题。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.bnd v.(因共同的兴趣或经验而与某人)建立友谊(或联系) 2.lgic n.逻辑 3.surce n.来源 4.critically adv.批判地,严重地 5.visin n.幻想,梦想;眼力
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究结果说明了农药对农业和生态环境发展的不利影响。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Farms are battlefields, frcing grwers t fight against greedy pests and aggressive weeds in never-ending, cstly campaigns that ften invlve chemical weapns.(农场是战场,迫使种植者与贪婪的害虫和侵略性的杂草进行无休止、代价高昂的斗争,这些斗争往往涉及化学武器。)”可知美国农民对抗害虫和杂草通常使用化学武器。故选B项。
9.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They als ne-third.(他们还从美国环境保护局收集了全部相同化合物的毒性数据——总共381种。好消息是,从1992年到2016年,鸟类和哺乳动物的总毒性降低了95%以上,这主要是因为淘汰了以前的农药 。 鱼类的毒性下降得较少——约三分之一。)”可知Schulz和他的同事们是通过收集分析数据来进行研究的。故选B项。
10.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ ‘The patterns in the U.S. pesticide use and txicity data shuld be a warning fr the rest f the wrld, much f which seems t be leaning mre heavily n pesticide use rather than eclgical interactins fr pest cntrl,’ Schulz said.(Schulz说:‘美国农药使用的模式和毒性数据应该为世界其他地区敲响警钟,这些地区在害虫控制方面似乎更多地依赖农药的使用,而不是生态相互作用。’)”可知Schulz认为美国的农药使用模式和毒性数据应给其他地区一个警告,由此可知他对农药的态度是不支持的,消极的。故选C项。
11.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The rising txicity in plants culd lead t less diverse habitat and fd resurces that eventually spread t animal ppulatins, ptentially causing lsses.(植物毒性的上升可能导致栖息地和食物资源多样性的减少,最终扩散到动物种群,可能会造成伤亡。)”可推知,植物毒性的持续增加可能会导致动物数量变少。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.sharply adv.急剧地 2.resistant adj.抵抗的,反抗的 3.scale n.规模 4.decline v.下降 5.lean n依靠,依赖
长难句分析
原句 The txic impact n land plants has als increased sharply, likely because farmers are using increasing kinds f chemicals t fight weeds that have becme resistant t cmmn herbicides.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。because引导的是一个原因状语从句,从句中that引导的是一个定语从句,先行词为weeds。
句意 对陆地植物的毒性影响也急剧增加,可能是因为农民使用越来越多种化学物质来对付已经对普通除草剂产生抗药性的杂草。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乡村医生Crtez针对村民感染新冠病毒的现状,结合国家疫情防控形势和村子的地理特征,果断采取措施,降低村民感染率的事迹。
12.C 推理判断题。由第一段内容尤其是最后一句A dctr rdered his family t bury him their crwded hme.可知,Crtez依据死者的死亡检查报告和疫情情况,立即对死者的家人采取隔离措施。由此可推知,Crtez展现出了他的职业敏感性。A项“表达他的同情”,B项“使自己沉浸在悲伤中”和D项“遵循传统”都不符合文意。故选C项。
13.A 细节理解题。由第四段最后两句Crtez and Balgs are sharply aware f the threat the virus pses t Bambang, which sits in a valley surrunded by muntains. Anyne ging suth t Manila r nrth tward the rest f the cuntry ends up passing thrugh Bambang.可知,Bambang地处交通要道,Crtez意识到疫情可能会对这个村庄产生影响,决定采取严格的防控措施,而不是出于缺少医务工作者、人口多或者国家的需要。故选A项。
14.D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后两句Anyne with infectius disease symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains. S far that center has remained empty.可知,任何出现了传染病症状的人都会被送往山区的隔离点,而到目前为止山区的隔离点还没有人。由此可推知,Crtez建立的接触追踪系统是有效的,因此A项错误;这些措施没有受到人们的抱怨,因此B项错误;C项信息文中没有提及。故选D项。
15.C 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了乡村医生Crtez投身于新冠病毒防控的事迹。由此可推知,本文很有可能选自杂志。 diary日记;nvel小说;magazine杂志;bigraphy传记。故选C项。
【高频词汇】 1.belved adj.深爱的;钟爱的 2.spt n.斑点;地点 v.看见;发现 3.cnfirm v.确认,证明 4.take actin采取行动 5.be aware f意识到 6.symptm n.症状,征兆
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何阅读一本书提出了一些建议。
16.D 根据上文“Bks have a beginning, a middle and an end.(书有开头、中间和结尾)”以及后文“T prperly read a bk, yu shuld pay attentin t its imprtance.(要正确地读一本书,就应该注意它的重要性)”可知,上文提到了书的结构,后文则说正确地阅读一本书,本句与上文构成因果关系,指出一本书应该被从头读到尾。故D选项“因此,它们应该被从头读到尾”符合语境,故选D。
17.E 根据上文“Chse a well-lit and quiet place t read yur bk.(选择一个光线充足、安静的地方读书)”以及后文“Yu are mre likely t cncentrate n the wrds n the page if yu are nt affected by nises r ther things.(如果你不受噪音或其他事物的影响,你就更有可能把注意力集中在书页上的文字上)”可知,上文提到了适合阅读的地方,后文则提到不受噪音或其他事物的影响,可推测本句是在说明如何处理容易干扰读书注意力的事物,故E选项“关掉你的手机和电视,这样你的注意力就不会受到干扰”符合语境,故选E。
18.G 根据上文“Decide hw much time yu want t devte t the reading. Yu may want t adjust this time alltment accrding t hw lng and hw difficult the reading material is.(决定你想在阅读上花多少时间。你可以根据阅读材料的长度和难度来调整时间分配)”可知,本段主要是关于阅读的时间分配问题,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文,举例说明如何安排一本书的阅读时间,故G选项“例如,花4小时详细阅读一本250页的书,1小时做笔记”符合语境,故选G。
19.A 根据后文“If yu wn yur bk, use nte-taking symbls in the paragraphs. Fr example, if yu find smething that is imprtant, put a star r a few wrds next t it. If yu are unsure f smething and it needs mre research, put a questin mark next t it.(如果书是你自己的,在段落中使用笔记符号。例如,如果你发现了重要的东西,在它旁边画个星号或写下几个字。如果你对某处不确定,需要更多的研究,在旁边打个问号)”可知,本段主要是关于在书上做笔记的问题,故A选项“在你的书里做笔记”符合语境,故选A。
20.C 根据上文“Write answers t questins at the end f yur reading and give definitins f imprtant terms. Fr every 100 pages f text yu shuld have at least three t five pages f written ntes.(在阅读结束时回答问题,并给出重要术语的定义。每读100页的文章,你至少要有3到5页的笔记)”以及后文“If yu are using a cmputer t take ntes, dn't cpy and paste text frm yur reading.(如果你用电脑做笔记,不要复制粘贴阅读材料中的内容)”可知,上文提到了阅读结束时回答问题,后文强调不要复制粘贴,可推测回答问题要用你自己的话进行表述。故C选项“用你自己的话回答问题”符合语境,故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.cncentrate n全神贯注于 2.adjust vt.调整 3.definitin n.定义 4.take ntes记笔记 5.paste vt.粘贴
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。提到面对学生情绪低落,状况不佳时,老师们的惯常做法可能不是最好的处理方法,建议老师先观望一下,让学生自己调整,之后有必要再介入。
21.B 句意:当一个学生出现成绩下降或情绪低落时,我们教师的通常的反应可能弊大于利。A.excuse借口;B.reactin反应;C.training训练;D.expectatin期待。当看到学生有情绪低落或成绩下滑时,老师会做出反应(reactin)。故选B项。
22.C 句意:要知道,把遇到问题的学生立刻拉到一边聊天是很常见的。A.imprtant重要的;B.challenging有挑战性的,困难的;C.cmmn普遍的,常见的;D.bring没趣的。当学生遇到问题,老师会找学生谈心,这是老师的一种常见的(cmmn)反应。故选C项。
23.D 句意:这可能包括许多问题、建议和鼓励的话。A.meaningless无意义的;B.thughtless欠考虑的;C.embarrassing令人尴尬的;D.encuraging鼓舞人心的。老师和遇到问题的学生聊天谈心,一般会询问怎么了,给些建议,还会有鼓励性的(encuraging)话语。故选D项。
24.A 句意:但这可能完全是个错误。A.mistake错误;B.try尝试;C.lessn课,教训;D.threat威胁。根据上文“it's 22 t immediately pull struggling students aside fr a chat.”、空后“Studies fund that it prevents students frm dealing with challenges n their wn.”及第三段中“Just 30 a few days befre intervening.”可知,作者认为老师的惯常做法可能完全是个错误(mistake)。故选A项。
25.B 句意:学生们知道他们自己正在挣扎。A.argue争辩;B.knw知道,认识;C.pretend假装;D.disbelieve不信。老师看到学生遇到问题时,学生们自己也知道(knw)自己正在挣扎。故选B项。
26.D 句意:不过,和所有人一样,克服它需要时间。A.run int撞上;B.hld back阻止;C.give away赠送;D.get ver克服。学生自己意识到自己出现问题,需要时间去克服(get ver)它。故选D项。
27.C 句意:使学生陷入困境的可能是与父母或朋友的争吵,在运动中的失败或只是懒惰。A.dubt怀疑;B.silence沉默;C.truble困境;D.charge收费,起诉。故C选项“困境(truble)”符合语境,故选C项。
28.A 句意:不管是什么情况,最好给他们时间去思考、评估并决定行动方案。A.case具体情况;B.actin行为;C.chance机会;D.utcme结果。上文“What have put students in 27 may be quarrels with parents r friends, failures in sprts r just laziness.”列举了学生陷入困境可能有很多起因,不过无论具体情况(case)是哪一种,都最好给他们时间,让他们自己去处理。故选A项。
29.B 句意同上。A.suggest建议;B.decide决定;C.admit承认;D.regret后悔,遗憾。建议老师给学生时间去处理自己的问题,过程会包括思考,评估,最后决定(decide)行动方案。故选B项。
30.A 句意:等几天再进行干预。A.wait等待;B.discuss讨论;C.travel旅行;D.chat聊天。根据Whatever the 28 , it's best t give them time t think, evaluate, and 29 a curse f actin.”可知学生自己调整需要时间。因此发现学生有问题后,应等待(wait)几天。故选A项。
31.C 句意:当一个学生独立思考并学习如何面对困难时,他通常会变得更勇敢、更自信。A.frequently频繁地;B.suddenly突然地;C.independently独立地;D.regularly定期地,有规律地。学生独立(independently)思考并学习如何解决问题对学生的成长有利。故选C项。
32.C 句意:过早介入可能会让他们养成依赖他人的习惯。A.appreciating感激,欣赏;B.picking up捡起;C.relying n依赖;D.cpying复制。故选C项。
33.D 句意:但如果一周左右过去了,你注意到学生还没有任何好转,那就把他们拉到一边,问他们一个简单的开放式问题:“你最近表现不太好。你还好吗?”A.made制造;B.verlked忽视;C.required要求;D.nticed注意到。故选D项。
34.A 句意同上。A.alright很好的;B.angry生气的;C.hnest诚实的;D.gifted有天赋的,有才华的。把学生叫过来谈心先提问“你还好吗”表示关心。故选A项。
35.B 句意:这个问题鼓励他们畅谈自己正在经历的事情,并开始得出自己的结论。A.enjying喜欢,享受;B.experiencing体验,经历;C.studying学习,研究;D.testing检测。老师的关心询问会让学生敞开心扉,说出自己最近正在经历(experiencing)些什么。故选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.ups and dwns起伏 2.deal with应对,处理 3.evaluate vt.评估 4.rely n依赖,依靠 5.cme t a cnclusin得出结论
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了利物浦大学的科学家已经开发出一种可以自己进行实验的机器人。
36.did 考查一般过去时。句意:但早期的机器人通常待在一个地方,反复做一项工作。根据“stayed in ne place”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填did。
37.easily 考查副词。句意:它可以很容易地在和人类活动的空间一样种类的空间里移动。修饰动词mve应用副词。副词easily意为“容易地”。故填easily。
38.itself 考查反身代词。句意:它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。此处宾语和主语相同,所以应用反身代词。故填itself。
39.a 考查固定搭配。句意:机器人的长臂几乎可以向任何方向转动,它可以使用几种不同的实验室设备,并执行各种任务。a variety f意为“各种各样的”,为固定搭配。所以此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
40.t prgram 考查不定式。句意:科学家们表示,(他们)为机器人编程花费了大量工作,这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。“it d sth.”意为“做某事花费……”,为固定句式,此处it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。故填t prgram。
41.making 考查动名词。句意:科学家们表示,(他们)为机器人编程花费了大量工作,这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。在介词withut后应用动名词作宾语。故填making。
42.fewer 考查形容词比较级。句意:然而,一旦编程完成,机器人犯的错误就比人类少。根据“than a human”可知,此处应用形容词比较级。故填fewer。
43.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:为了测试他们的机器人,科学家们给了它一个任务:找到一种能够从水中产生氢的材料。定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为material,指物,故填which或that。
44.was given 考查时态和语态。句意:机器人被(科学家们)编程,从而理解实验的基本方法,但它被赋予了10种不同的可以改变的东西,这可能会影响结果。根据“The rbt was prgrammed t understand the basic methds fr the experiment”可知,此处应用一般过去时。动词give意为“给”,和主语it构成被动关系,且主语为第三人称单数。故填was given。
45.n/upn 考查固定搭配。句意:在接下来的8天里,机器人进行了688次实验,总是根据上一次实验的结果来选择下一次实验。be based n/upn意为“根据”,为固定搭配。故填n/ upn。
【高频词汇】 1.develp vt.开发 2.ver and ver again反复 3.in any directin朝任意方向 4.prgram vt.编写程序
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Jack,
Hw is everything? I am mre than glad t intrduce the high-speed rail t yu, as yu wish t knw the new great inventin that primarily influences my life.
HSR appeals t the wrld with its unparalleled cnvenience. Peple can reach the destinatin by train within hurs. Besides, the tickets are accessible and affrdable t rdinary peple. With an ID card, passengers d nt even need paper tickets anymre.
Yu can imagine what a blessing it is t travel arund China with HSR. Cme and have a ride yurself.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Lia lked thrugh the micrscpe, and t her surprise, she saw the mst beautiful example f symmetry she culd ever have imagined. “Of curse!” she shuted, “A snwflake! Why didn't I think f that befre?” She lked thrugh the micrscpe again, t take a clser lk, and was surprised t find that there was nthing there! The snwflake had disappeared, taking all f its beauty with it. “N! Wait! Oh, n!” cried Lia. She had t take the snwflake t class, but hw? It wuld melt befre she culd even get n the bus!
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, Lia had an idea—she ran t her huse and picked up her camera. Within minutes, she'd managed t attach it t the micrscpe. She carefully placed anther snwflake n the micrscpe's stage and tk a series f pictures. Each snwflake was different, symmetrical, and unbelievably beautiful. Lia tk the snwflake phts t class, which surprised her classmates and teacher. They were excited t see the mst beautiful example f symmetry and they gave Lia a nickname. They called her Snwflake Lia.
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.B
9.B
10.C
11.D
12.C
13.A
14.D
15.C
16.D
17.E
18.G
19.A
20.C
21.B
22.C
23.D
24.A
25.B
26.D
27.C
28.A
29.B
30.A
31.C
32.C
33.D
34.A
35.B
36.did 37.easily 38.itself 39.a 40.t prgram 41.making 42.fewer
43.which/that 44.was given 45.n/upn
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
a cld Octber
Character
Lia Bentley, Mr. Ferris, Lia's father
情节
Paras. 1—2
Lia Bently在学校里学习了对称现象,科学老师要求学生找到最美丽的对称实例并作报告。
Paras. 3—6
Lia Bently用自己收到的生日礼物——一个显微镜在小木屋里寻觅、观察各种对称的东西但都不满意,大雪将至,Lia的父亲叫她进屋。
Para. 7
正在这时大风吹开屋门,一片雪花飘到了显微镜的载物台上。
续写
方向
Para. 1
Lia lked thrugh the micrscpe, and t her surprise, she saw the mst beautiful example f symmetry she culd ever have imagined.
①Lia看到了雪花会流露出怎样的惊喜呢?
②雪花很快就会融化,更别提带去学校作报告了,因此Lia会有怎么样的心理活动呢?
Para. 2
Suddenly, Lia had an idea—she ran t her huse and picked up her camera.
①Lia顺利地完成观察和报告了吗?
②老师和同学怎样评价Lia的报告呢?
(满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2020北京东城区高二下期末,易)
Cme t build rbts!
Rbts are fun t play with, but did yu knw that they are equally fun t build? Dn't wrry, it's easier than yu may think. Yu dn't have t knw lts abut electrnics r be a genius at engineering t have a g at creating yur wn rbt. There are lts f simple kits(配套组件)and resurces available that make it easy t build a rbt in yur wn hme, and if yu dn't feel cnfident enugh t have a g at hme, there are plenty f clubs that ffer curses in rbt-building t yung peple.
◇Why t build?
“Creating a rbt teaches yu greatly abut hw it is put tgether and hw it wrks,”says Steve Hubbard, f Rbt Fun, which hsts rbtics master classes fr teens in Sufflk. “As yu build and test a rbt, yu als learn hw t fix it when things g wrng, as they always d.” Building and prgramming a rbt is a practical applicatin f science and engineering and a great way f learning hw t slve all srts f prblems. Yu dn't need any special skills. If yu can build with Leg r draw a line, yu can build and prgram a rbt.
◇Hw t start?
Matthew Applegate runs the Creative Cmputing Club in Ipswich, Sufflk. He says, “The Leg Rbts kits are amazing. Yu can use cardbard, glue sticks and string t make a prttype(雏形).” Sme kits can be expensive but there are ways t build yur rbts using things arund the huse. Yu can build an arm with cardbard, straws and string, adding it t a lw-cst kit.
Building rbts is really great. It isn't easy at first, but when yu get better, yu will be surprised hw much yu can d. Cme t get yur first rbt kit and make it whirr int life!
ØFr details n hw t build a Raspberry Pi buggy:tinyurl.cm/TW J-rbtbuggy
ØFr details n hw t jin a rbt club:tinyurl.cm/TW J-members
ØFr mre infrmatin n kits and classes:tinyurl.cm/TW J-resurces
ØFr mre infrmatin n rbts and their histry:tinyurl.cm/TW J-realrbts
1.What's essential t build a rbt at hme?
A.Gd skills at electrnics.
B.Necessary parts t put tgether.
C.Much knwledge n engineering.
D.Rich experience in playing with rbts.
2.If yu want t knw mre abut different rbt kits,yu can visit .
J-rbtbuggy
J-realrbts
J-resurces
J-members
3.What is the main purpse f the passage?
A.T encurage teens t learn t slve prblems by building rbts.
B.T explain the advantages f building ne's wn rbts.
C.T analyse the need f teens t build their wn rbts.
D.T advertise a methd f building rbts with fun.
B
(2021福建泰宁一中高二下期中,中)
I believe in the pwer f science fictin, nt just fr its capacity t turn dreams int reality, but als fr its pwer t bnd tgether thse wh share a cmmn view f the future. Fr me,that's true fr my relatinship with my dad. Sme fathers and sns bnd ver sprts, fishing r hunting, but my dad and I bnd ver Star Trek. We tried a trip t Disney Wrld, but ne f my earliest memries wasn't Mickey, but a Klingn battle cruiser n the screen.
Over the years, nearly every situatin has becme far away fr my dad and me. When it's warm at night, we're nt driving alng sme dark streets in Indiana, but ging at a slw speed with stars dimly shining. Bth f us are thinking f them, withut needing t say a wrd. All these imaginatins f ther universes have tgether created a private universe fr my dad and me.
Gene Rddenberry, creatr f Star Trek, nce said, “Science fictin is a way f thinking, a way f lgic that bypasses a lt f nnsense. It allws peple t lk directly at imprtant subjects.” A lifetime f science fictin has influenced mre than just my relatinship with my dad, but has als helped me shape my wn hpes fr the future. I'm nw a science writer.
Yes, science fictin has made me int a “nerd” and it als has been a surce f jy fr my family, making me an ptimist while enabling me t think critically abut the danger f technlgy. Thank thse authrs wh have shared their visins: the wrld and my family are better fr it. Thank my dad, wh is bth the best stryteller and the best man I have ever knwn.
4.What cntributes t the bnd between the authr and his father?
A.Their similar dream.
B.Their lve fr each ther.
C.Their cmmn interest.
D.Their hbby f fishing.
5.What des the authr mainly shw in Paragraph 2?
A.His deep impressin f his dad.
B.His feeling f staying with his dad.
C.His earliest memry f his dad.
D.His gd relatinship with his dad.
6.Hw des science fictin help the authr at present?
A.It leads him t pursue a desirable career.
B.It brings him the curage t live better.
C.It inspires him t face the danger f technlgy.
D.It makes him a surce f his family's jy.
7.What may be the best title fr the text?
A.The Wnders Science Brings
B.The Pwer f Science Fictin
C.The Stries Abut Science Fictin
D.The Time Tgether with My Father
C
(2021山东潍坊高二下期中,中)
Farms are battlefields, frcing grwers t fight against greedy pests and aggressive weeds in never-ending, cstly campaigns that ften invlve chemical weapns. Thse weapns als harm inncent bystanders such as bees and fish. Nw, as U.S. farmers have changed their types f pesticides, birds and mammals have been affected less, whereas pllinatrs are suffering. The txic(有毒的)impact n land plants has als increased sharply, likely because farmers are using increasing kinds f chemicals t fight weeds that have becme resistant t cmmn herbicides(除草剂).
In recent decades, the amunt f pesticides used in the United States has gne dwn by abut 40%. But active ingredients have becme mre pwerful. Fr example, fast-acting pesticides are very txic.Sme require as little as 6 grams per hectare, cmpared with several kilgrams f the lder pesticides. Ralf Schulz, an ectxiclgist, wndered whether verall txicity in the ecsystem had changed. A few studies had lked at certain cmpunds and rganisms, but nthing had been dne n a natinal scale.
Schulz and clleagues started with the U.S. Gelgical Survey data n self-reprted pesticide use by U.S. farmers frm 1992 t 2016. They als gathered txicity data frm the U.S. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency n thse same cmpunds—381 in all. The gd news is that ttal txicity fr birds and mammals frm 1992 t 2016 decreased mre than 95%, largely because f the phaseut(逐步停止)f lder pesticides. Txicity fr fish declined by less—abut ne-third.
Schulz hpes mre researches will help plicymakers and thers think mre abut the cmplexity f pest and weed cntrl, and wild species, in rder t reduce unintentinal harm. The rising txicity in plants culd lead t less diverse habitats and fd resurces that eventually spread t animal ppulatins, ptentially causing lsses. “The patterns in the U.S. pesticide use and txicity data shuld be a warning fr the rest f the wrld, much f which seems t be leaning mre heavily n pesticide use rather than eclgical interactins fr pest cntrl,” Schulz said.
8.What d U.S. farmers usually d t fight against pests and weeds?
A.They change land plants.
B.They use chemical weapns.
C.They harm inncent bystanders.
D.They increase kinds f pllinatrs.
9.Hw did Schulz and his cwrkers carry ut their study?
A.By giving examples.
B.By analyzing data.
C.By ding experiments.
D.By interviewing farmers.
10.Which f the fllwing best describes Schulz's attitude t pesticide use?
A.Subjective.B.Dubtful.
C.Negative.D.Favrable.
11.What will happen if txicity in plants cntinues t increase?
A.Unintentinal harm will be reduced.
B.Peple will have mre fd resurces.
C.Eclgical interactins will increase.
D.The number f animals will decrease.
D
(2021山东潍坊、滨州部分学校高二联考,中)
Francisc Fernandez died after falling ff a mtrbike. The 45-year-ld man was a belved cmmunity figure. But with a public-facing jb and a spt n his lung, he was cnsidered a pssible COVID-19 carrier. A dctr rdered his family t bury him quickly, against Philippine traditin, and all eight peple wh lived with him were kept in quarantine(隔离) fr 14 days in their crwded hme.
Yet when Anthny Crtez, the dctr wh had rdered the rushed burial and quarantine, arrived t check n the Fernandez family, nne f them expressed anger. Instead, faces lit up and the kids waved eagerly.
Crtez, the nly cmmunity dctr in Bambang, has verseen their medical care fr years. They trust him, and he makes them laugh. The family gathered utside t have their temperatures taken by the dctr. When the kids tried t give Crtez high fives fr nt having a fever, the 56-year-ld, in a surgical mask, a face shield, and rubber glves, shwed “air fives” instead. Fr the 56,000 peple living in Bambang, Crtez is their primary caregiver and the first respnder.
When the first crnavirus(冠状病毒)case in the Philippines was cnfirmed n January 30, the twn's respnse fell t Crtez. He and Mayr Pepit Balgs decided t take actin based n science that, if necessary, wuld g beynd natinal restrictins. Crtez and Balgs are sharply aware f the threat the virus pses t Bambang, which sits in a valley surrunded by muntains. Anyne ging suth t Manila r nrth tward the rest f the cuntry ends up passing thrugh Bambang.
Crtez quickly set up a system f cntact tracing. Using infrmatin frm the twn's 25 villages, he made a list f all the peple wh had traveled t ther cuntries, and placed them under strict hme quarantine. Anyne with infectius disease symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains. S far that center has remained empty.
“It is safer t assume that everybdy is psitive,” he explained.
12.What is Crtez's reactin t the death f Francisc Fernandez?
A.Expressing his sympathy.
B.Drwning himself int grief.
C.Shwing prfessinal sensitivity.
D.Fllwing the traditin.
13.On what basis des Crtez take strict measures t prtect Bambang?
A.Its gegraphic character.
B.Its lack f medical staff.
C.Its large ppulatin.
D.The demand f the natin.
14.What can be inferred abut the cntact tracing system set up by Crtez?
A.It is ttally a waste f effrt.
B.It is cmplained abut by lcal peple.
C.It is praised by higher authrities.
D.It is effective as a prtective means.
15.Where is this text mst likely frm?
A.A diary.B.A nvel.
C.A magazine.D.A bigraphy.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021江西省莲花中学高二下月考,易)
Bks have a beginning, a middle and an end. 16 T prperly read a bk, yu shuld pay attentin t its imprtance. Fr nn-fictin bks, it is imprtant t read text in its entirety but think abut nly the majr pints the authr is trying t express.
Chse a well-lit and quiet place t read yur bk. 17 Yu are mre likely t cncentrate n the wrds n the page if yu are nt affected by nises r ther things.
Decide hw much time yu want t devte t the reading. Yu may want t adjust this time alltment(分配)accrding t hw lng and hw difficult the reading material is. 18
19 If yu wn yur bk, use nte-taking symbls in the paragraphs. Fr example, if yu find smething that is imprtant, put a star r a few wrds next t it. If yu are unsure f smething and it needs mre research, put a questin mark next t it.
Write answers t questins at the end f yur reading and give definitins f imprtant terms. Fr every 100 pages f text yu shuld have at least three t five pages f written ntes. 20 If yu are using a cmputer t take ntes, dn't cpy and paste text frm yur reading.
A.Write in yur bk.
B.Make a detailed plan.
C.Use yur wn wrds t answer yur questins.
D.As such they shuld be read frm start t finish.
E.Turn ff yur cell phne and televisin s that yur attentin wn't be disturbed.
F.Therefre, stp every nw and then t think abut the structure and main cntent.
G.Fr example, spend 4 hurs n detailed reading f a 250-page bk and 1 hur n nte-taking.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021山东师范大学附中高二月考,中)
All students have ups and dwns. When there's a drp in a student's grades r behaviur, we teachers' nrmal 21 may be ding mre harm than gd.
Yu see, it's 22 t immediately pull struggling students aside fr a chat. This may include many questins, advice, and 23 wrds. But it may be all a 24 . Studies fund that it prevents students frm dealing with challenges n their wn. Students 25 they're struggling. They can feel it and see it. Like all peple, thugh, it takes time t 26 it.
What have put students in 27 may be quarrels with parents r friends, failures in sprts r just laziness. Whatever the 28 , it's best t give them time t think, evaluate, and 29 a curse f actin. Just 30 a few days befre intervening(干预). When a student 31 thinks and learns hw t face difficulties, he'll ften be braver and mre cnfident. Stepping in t sn may let them frm a habit f 32 thers.
But if a week r s has passed and yu haven't 33 any change fr the better, then pull them aside and ask them ne simple, pen-ended questin: “Yu're nt ding well lately. Are yu 34 ?” This questin encurages them t talk thrugh what they're 35 and begin t cme t their wn cnclusins.
Hwever, if they have mental prblems, ptential dangers, etc., yu must immediately step in.
B.reactinC.trainingD.expectatin
B.challenging
C.cmmnD.bring
B.thughtless
C.embarrassingD.encuraging
B.tryC.lessnD.threat
B.knwC.pretendD.disbelieve
intB.hld backC.give awayD.get ver
B.silenceC.trubleD.charge
B.actinC.chanceD.utcme
B.decideC.admitD.regret
B.discussC.travelD.chat
B.suddenly
C.independentlyD.regularly
B.picking up
C.relying nD.cpying
B.verlkedC.requiredD.nticed
B.angryC.hnestD.gifted
B.experiencing
C.studyingD.testing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021河南南阳高二下月考,易)
Scientists at the University f Liverpl have develped a rbt that can run experiments n its wn. It's nt new fr labs t use rbts. But earlier rbts usually stayed in ne place and
36 (d) ne jb ver and ver again. This rbt is different. It's able t 37 (easy) mve arund in the same kind f space as humans d. It uses a special system called LIDAR t guide 38 (it). With ne lng arm which can turn in almst any directin, the rbt can use several different kinds f lab equipment and carry ut 39 variety f tasks.
The scientists say it tk a lt f wrk 40 (prgram) the rbt s that it culd d things withut 41 (make) mistakes. Once the prgramming is dne, thugh, the rbt will make 42 (few) mistakes than a human.
T test their rbt, the scientists gave it a task: find a material 43 was able t prduce hydrgen frm water. The rbt was prgrammed t understand the basic methds fr the experiment, but it 44 (give) 10 different things it culd change which culd influence the results. That meant that the rbt culd chse frm arund 98 millin different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the rbt ran 688 experiments, always chsing its next experiment based 45 the results f the last ne.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021湖南长沙一中高二下月考,中)
假如你是李华,你的外国朋友Jack想了解中国的“新四大发明(高铁、移动支付、共享单车、网上购物)”中对人们生活影响最大的一项。请你回信给他,内容包括:
1.这一项发明的名称;
2.这一项发明带来的影响。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:“新四大发明”为:high-speed rail(HSR)高铁;mbile payment移动支付;shared bicycles共享单车;nline shpping网上购物
Dear Jack,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021福建厦门湖滨中学高二下期中,难)
As Lia Bentley walked hme frm schl n a cld Octber afternn, she saw symmetry(对称)all arund her: in the faces f peple and the clthes they wre, in the buildings she passed and in the cars that went by, the birds in the sky, even the autumn leaves that cvered the sidewalk.
All the mnth, Lia's class had been studying different frms f symmetry, and Lia was very interested. Mr. Ferris, their science teacher, had given them their final task: t find the mst beautiful example f symmetry and give a reprt t the class n it.
Lia lked at the task in her ntebk. The mst beautiful example f symmetry, she thught. What n earth culd that be? Halfway thrugh the schl year, she'd been given a micrscpe(显微镜)fr her birthday. Nw she realized that she culd use it t study symmetry. She set up what she called “labratry” in the small wden huse. The micrscpe std n a table. She hped t find an example f symmetry that wuld stand ut frm all the thers. Lia spent hurs n the examinatin f cells and drps f pnd water full f strange symmetrical life. Althugh she was surprised by what she saw, it trubled her that nne was truly beautiful. Lia stayed in the wden huse until her father called her inside. “Cme n, Lia. It's getting cld ut. The weather frecast says it's ging t snw.”
Lia suddenly felt sad. Snw meant winter was n its way. The cld weather wuld mean fewer things t lk at under the micrscpe. Snw wuld ften cver the area like a blanket, hiding everything frm sight.
“Cme inside!” her father called again.
“Be there in a minute,Dad!” Lia called back.
Just then, the dr f the wden huse was blwn pen by a shrt strng wind. As she turned her head against the wind, she caught sight f a single snwflake(雪花)that had been blwn int the wden huse and nt the stage(载物台)f her micrscpe.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Lia lked thrugh the micrscpe, and t her surprise, she saw the mst beautiful example f symmetry she culd ever have imagined.
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, Lia had an idea—she ran t her huse and picked up her camera.
答案全解全析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为什么要自己建造机器人以及怎样开始建造机器人,并希望我们能参与到建造机器人的活动中来。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Yu dn't have t knw lts abut electrnics r be a genius at engineering t have a g at creating yur wn rbt.”可知,如果你想尝试创造你自己的机器人,你不必对电子学有太多了解,也不必是一个工程天才。再根据第一段第四句“There are lts f simple kits and resurces available that make it easy t build a rbt in yur wn hme”可知,如果你想在自己家里创造机器人,有很多配套元件和资源可以使用。综上所述,在家创造机器人必不可少的是组装所需的零件。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分中“Fr mre infrmatin n kits and classes:tinyurl.cm/TW J-resurces”可知,如果你想了解更多关于机器人配套组件的信息,你可以访问网址tinyurl.cm/TW J-resurces。故选C项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章题目“Cme t build rbts!”和文章内容可知,文章主要是在宣传一种有趣的制造机器人的方法,并希望你可以参与进来。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.genius n.天才;天赋 2.have a g试一试 3.plenty f许多,大量 4.g wrng出毛病;弄错 5.prgram v.编写程序
长难句分析
原句 There are lts f simple kits and resurces available that make it easy t build a rbt in yur wn hme, and if yu dn't feel cnfident enugh t have a g at hme, there are plenty f clubs that ffer curses in rbt-building t yung peple.
分析 第二个and连接前后两个分句;第一个分句中,that引导的是一个定语从句,先行词为kits and resurces;第二个分句中,if引导的是条件状语从句。
句意 有很多简单的配套组件和资源可以让你很容易地在自己家里创造一个机器人,如果你没有足够的信心在家里尝试,有很多为年轻人提供机器人建造课程的俱乐部。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说,它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情,而且帮助作者实现了梦想。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fr me, that's true fr my relatinship with my dad. Sme fathers and sns bnd ver sprts, fishing r hunting, but my dad and I bnd ver Star Trek.(对我来说,我和我父亲的关系也是如此。有些父亲和儿子会因为运动、钓鱼或打猎而增进感情,但我父亲和我却会因为《星际迷航》而增进感情。)”可知,是作者和他父亲的共同兴趣促成了他们之间的关系。故选C。
5.D 主旨大意题。根据第二段叙述“这些年来,几乎所有的场景对我和爸爸来说都变得很遥远。晚上暖和的时候,我们不是在印第安纳州黑暗的街道上开车,而是在星光朦胧的照耀下缓慢行驶。我们两个人都在想着它们,不用说一句话。所有这些对其他宇宙的想象共同为我和爸爸创造了一个私人的宇宙。”可知,该段主要叙述了作者和他爸爸的良好关系。故选D。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A lifetime f science fictin has influenced mre than just my relatinship with my dad, but has als helped me shape my wn hpes fr the future. I'm nw a science writer.(一生中阅读科幻小说不仅影响了我和父亲的关系,还帮助我塑造了自己对未来的希望。我现在是一名科学作家。)”可知,科幻小说帮助作者追求理想的职业。故选A。
7.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“I believe in the pwer f science fictin, nt just fr its capacity t turn dreams int reality, but als fr its pwer t bnd tgether thse wh share a cmmn view f the future.(我相信科幻小说的力量,不仅因为它能把梦想变成现实,还因为它能把那些对未来有着共同愿景的人联系在一起。)”结合文章主要讲述了作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说,它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情,而且帮助作者实现了梦想。可知,B选项“科幻小说的力量”最适合作文章标题。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.bnd v.(因共同的兴趣或经验而与某人)建立友谊(或联系) 2.lgic n.逻辑 3.surce n.来源 4.critically adv.批判地,严重地 5.visin n.幻想,梦想;眼力
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究结果说明了农药对农业和生态环境发展的不利影响。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Farms are battlefields, frcing grwers t fight against greedy pests and aggressive weeds in never-ending, cstly campaigns that ften invlve chemical weapns.(农场是战场,迫使种植者与贪婪的害虫和侵略性的杂草进行无休止、代价高昂的斗争,这些斗争往往涉及化学武器。)”可知美国农民对抗害虫和杂草通常使用化学武器。故选B项。
9.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They als ne-third.(他们还从美国环境保护局收集了全部相同化合物的毒性数据——总共381种。好消息是,从1992年到2016年,鸟类和哺乳动物的总毒性降低了95%以上,这主要是因为淘汰了以前的农药 。 鱼类的毒性下降得较少——约三分之一。)”可知Schulz和他的同事们是通过收集分析数据来进行研究的。故选B项。
10.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ ‘The patterns in the U.S. pesticide use and txicity data shuld be a warning fr the rest f the wrld, much f which seems t be leaning mre heavily n pesticide use rather than eclgical interactins fr pest cntrl,’ Schulz said.(Schulz说:‘美国农药使用的模式和毒性数据应该为世界其他地区敲响警钟,这些地区在害虫控制方面似乎更多地依赖农药的使用,而不是生态相互作用。’)”可知Schulz认为美国的农药使用模式和毒性数据应给其他地区一个警告,由此可知他对农药的态度是不支持的,消极的。故选C项。
11.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The rising txicity in plants culd lead t less diverse habitat and fd resurces that eventually spread t animal ppulatins, ptentially causing lsses.(植物毒性的上升可能导致栖息地和食物资源多样性的减少,最终扩散到动物种群,可能会造成伤亡。)”可推知,植物毒性的持续增加可能会导致动物数量变少。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.sharply adv.急剧地 2.resistant adj.抵抗的,反抗的 3.scale n.规模 4.decline v.下降 5.lean n依靠,依赖
长难句分析
原句 The txic impact n land plants has als increased sharply, likely because farmers are using increasing kinds f chemicals t fight weeds that have becme resistant t cmmn herbicides.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。because引导的是一个原因状语从句,从句中that引导的是一个定语从句,先行词为weeds。
句意 对陆地植物的毒性影响也急剧增加,可能是因为农民使用越来越多种化学物质来对付已经对普通除草剂产生抗药性的杂草。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乡村医生Crtez针对村民感染新冠病毒的现状,结合国家疫情防控形势和村子的地理特征,果断采取措施,降低村民感染率的事迹。
12.C 推理判断题。由第一段内容尤其是最后一句A dctr rdered his family t bury him their crwded hme.可知,Crtez依据死者的死亡检查报告和疫情情况,立即对死者的家人采取隔离措施。由此可推知,Crtez展现出了他的职业敏感性。A项“表达他的同情”,B项“使自己沉浸在悲伤中”和D项“遵循传统”都不符合文意。故选C项。
13.A 细节理解题。由第四段最后两句Crtez and Balgs are sharply aware f the threat the virus pses t Bambang, which sits in a valley surrunded by muntains. Anyne ging suth t Manila r nrth tward the rest f the cuntry ends up passing thrugh Bambang.可知,Bambang地处交通要道,Crtez意识到疫情可能会对这个村庄产生影响,决定采取严格的防控措施,而不是出于缺少医务工作者、人口多或者国家的需要。故选A项。
14.D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后两句Anyne with infectius disease symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains. S far that center has remained empty.可知,任何出现了传染病症状的人都会被送往山区的隔离点,而到目前为止山区的隔离点还没有人。由此可推知,Crtez建立的接触追踪系统是有效的,因此A项错误;这些措施没有受到人们的抱怨,因此B项错误;C项信息文中没有提及。故选D项。
15.C 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了乡村医生Crtez投身于新冠病毒防控的事迹。由此可推知,本文很有可能选自杂志。 diary日记;nvel小说;magazine杂志;bigraphy传记。故选C项。
【高频词汇】 1.belved adj.深爱的;钟爱的 2.spt n.斑点;地点 v.看见;发现 3.cnfirm v.确认,证明 4.take actin采取行动 5.be aware f意识到 6.symptm n.症状,征兆
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何阅读一本书提出了一些建议。
16.D 根据上文“Bks have a beginning, a middle and an end.(书有开头、中间和结尾)”以及后文“T prperly read a bk, yu shuld pay attentin t its imprtance.(要正确地读一本书,就应该注意它的重要性)”可知,上文提到了书的结构,后文则说正确地阅读一本书,本句与上文构成因果关系,指出一本书应该被从头读到尾。故D选项“因此,它们应该被从头读到尾”符合语境,故选D。
17.E 根据上文“Chse a well-lit and quiet place t read yur bk.(选择一个光线充足、安静的地方读书)”以及后文“Yu are mre likely t cncentrate n the wrds n the page if yu are nt affected by nises r ther things.(如果你不受噪音或其他事物的影响,你就更有可能把注意力集中在书页上的文字上)”可知,上文提到了适合阅读的地方,后文则提到不受噪音或其他事物的影响,可推测本句是在说明如何处理容易干扰读书注意力的事物,故E选项“关掉你的手机和电视,这样你的注意力就不会受到干扰”符合语境,故选E。
18.G 根据上文“Decide hw much time yu want t devte t the reading. Yu may want t adjust this time alltment accrding t hw lng and hw difficult the reading material is.(决定你想在阅读上花多少时间。你可以根据阅读材料的长度和难度来调整时间分配)”可知,本段主要是关于阅读的时间分配问题,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文,举例说明如何安排一本书的阅读时间,故G选项“例如,花4小时详细阅读一本250页的书,1小时做笔记”符合语境,故选G。
19.A 根据后文“If yu wn yur bk, use nte-taking symbls in the paragraphs. Fr example, if yu find smething that is imprtant, put a star r a few wrds next t it. If yu are unsure f smething and it needs mre research, put a questin mark next t it.(如果书是你自己的,在段落中使用笔记符号。例如,如果你发现了重要的东西,在它旁边画个星号或写下几个字。如果你对某处不确定,需要更多的研究,在旁边打个问号)”可知,本段主要是关于在书上做笔记的问题,故A选项“在你的书里做笔记”符合语境,故选A。
20.C 根据上文“Write answers t questins at the end f yur reading and give definitins f imprtant terms. Fr every 100 pages f text yu shuld have at least three t five pages f written ntes.(在阅读结束时回答问题,并给出重要术语的定义。每读100页的文章,你至少要有3到5页的笔记)”以及后文“If yu are using a cmputer t take ntes, dn't cpy and paste text frm yur reading.(如果你用电脑做笔记,不要复制粘贴阅读材料中的内容)”可知,上文提到了阅读结束时回答问题,后文强调不要复制粘贴,可推测回答问题要用你自己的话进行表述。故C选项“用你自己的话回答问题”符合语境,故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.cncentrate n全神贯注于 2.adjust vt.调整 3.definitin n.定义 4.take ntes记笔记 5.paste vt.粘贴
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。提到面对学生情绪低落,状况不佳时,老师们的惯常做法可能不是最好的处理方法,建议老师先观望一下,让学生自己调整,之后有必要再介入。
21.B 句意:当一个学生出现成绩下降或情绪低落时,我们教师的通常的反应可能弊大于利。A.excuse借口;B.reactin反应;C.training训练;D.expectatin期待。当看到学生有情绪低落或成绩下滑时,老师会做出反应(reactin)。故选B项。
22.C 句意:要知道,把遇到问题的学生立刻拉到一边聊天是很常见的。A.imprtant重要的;B.challenging有挑战性的,困难的;C.cmmn普遍的,常见的;D.bring没趣的。当学生遇到问题,老师会找学生谈心,这是老师的一种常见的(cmmn)反应。故选C项。
23.D 句意:这可能包括许多问题、建议和鼓励的话。A.meaningless无意义的;B.thughtless欠考虑的;C.embarrassing令人尴尬的;D.encuraging鼓舞人心的。老师和遇到问题的学生聊天谈心,一般会询问怎么了,给些建议,还会有鼓励性的(encuraging)话语。故选D项。
24.A 句意:但这可能完全是个错误。A.mistake错误;B.try尝试;C.lessn课,教训;D.threat威胁。根据上文“it's 22 t immediately pull struggling students aside fr a chat.”、空后“Studies fund that it prevents students frm dealing with challenges n their wn.”及第三段中“Just 30 a few days befre intervening.”可知,作者认为老师的惯常做法可能完全是个错误(mistake)。故选A项。
25.B 句意:学生们知道他们自己正在挣扎。A.argue争辩;B.knw知道,认识;C.pretend假装;D.disbelieve不信。老师看到学生遇到问题时,学生们自己也知道(knw)自己正在挣扎。故选B项。
26.D 句意:不过,和所有人一样,克服它需要时间。A.run int撞上;B.hld back阻止;C.give away赠送;D.get ver克服。学生自己意识到自己出现问题,需要时间去克服(get ver)它。故选D项。
27.C 句意:使学生陷入困境的可能是与父母或朋友的争吵,在运动中的失败或只是懒惰。A.dubt怀疑;B.silence沉默;C.truble困境;D.charge收费,起诉。故C选项“困境(truble)”符合语境,故选C项。
28.A 句意:不管是什么情况,最好给他们时间去思考、评估并决定行动方案。A.case具体情况;B.actin行为;C.chance机会;D.utcme结果。上文“What have put students in 27 may be quarrels with parents r friends, failures in sprts r just laziness.”列举了学生陷入困境可能有很多起因,不过无论具体情况(case)是哪一种,都最好给他们时间,让他们自己去处理。故选A项。
29.B 句意同上。A.suggest建议;B.decide决定;C.admit承认;D.regret后悔,遗憾。建议老师给学生时间去处理自己的问题,过程会包括思考,评估,最后决定(decide)行动方案。故选B项。
30.A 句意:等几天再进行干预。A.wait等待;B.discuss讨论;C.travel旅行;D.chat聊天。根据Whatever the 28 , it's best t give them time t think, evaluate, and 29 a curse f actin.”可知学生自己调整需要时间。因此发现学生有问题后,应等待(wait)几天。故选A项。
31.C 句意:当一个学生独立思考并学习如何面对困难时,他通常会变得更勇敢、更自信。A.frequently频繁地;B.suddenly突然地;C.independently独立地;D.regularly定期地,有规律地。学生独立(independently)思考并学习如何解决问题对学生的成长有利。故选C项。
32.C 句意:过早介入可能会让他们养成依赖他人的习惯。A.appreciating感激,欣赏;B.picking up捡起;C.relying n依赖;D.cpying复制。故选C项。
33.D 句意:但如果一周左右过去了,你注意到学生还没有任何好转,那就把他们拉到一边,问他们一个简单的开放式问题:“你最近表现不太好。你还好吗?”A.made制造;B.verlked忽视;C.required要求;D.nticed注意到。故选D项。
34.A 句意同上。A.alright很好的;B.angry生气的;C.hnest诚实的;D.gifted有天赋的,有才华的。把学生叫过来谈心先提问“你还好吗”表示关心。故选A项。
35.B 句意:这个问题鼓励他们畅谈自己正在经历的事情,并开始得出自己的结论。A.enjying喜欢,享受;B.experiencing体验,经历;C.studying学习,研究;D.testing检测。老师的关心询问会让学生敞开心扉,说出自己最近正在经历(experiencing)些什么。故选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.ups and dwns起伏 2.deal with应对,处理 3.evaluate vt.评估 4.rely n依赖,依靠 5.cme t a cnclusin得出结论
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了利物浦大学的科学家已经开发出一种可以自己进行实验的机器人。
36.did 考查一般过去时。句意:但早期的机器人通常待在一个地方,反复做一项工作。根据“stayed in ne place”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填did。
37.easily 考查副词。句意:它可以很容易地在和人类活动的空间一样种类的空间里移动。修饰动词mve应用副词。副词easily意为“容易地”。故填easily。
38.itself 考查反身代词。句意:它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。此处宾语和主语相同,所以应用反身代词。故填itself。
39.a 考查固定搭配。句意:机器人的长臂几乎可以向任何方向转动,它可以使用几种不同的实验室设备,并执行各种任务。a variety f意为“各种各样的”,为固定搭配。所以此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
40.t prgram 考查不定式。句意:科学家们表示,(他们)为机器人编程花费了大量工作,这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。“it d sth.”意为“做某事花费……”,为固定句式,此处it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。故填t prgram。
41.making 考查动名词。句意:科学家们表示,(他们)为机器人编程花费了大量工作,这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。在介词withut后应用动名词作宾语。故填making。
42.fewer 考查形容词比较级。句意:然而,一旦编程完成,机器人犯的错误就比人类少。根据“than a human”可知,此处应用形容词比较级。故填fewer。
43.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:为了测试他们的机器人,科学家们给了它一个任务:找到一种能够从水中产生氢的材料。定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为material,指物,故填which或that。
44.was given 考查时态和语态。句意:机器人被(科学家们)编程,从而理解实验的基本方法,但它被赋予了10种不同的可以改变的东西,这可能会影响结果。根据“The rbt was prgrammed t understand the basic methds fr the experiment”可知,此处应用一般过去时。动词give意为“给”,和主语it构成被动关系,且主语为第三人称单数。故填was given。
45.n/upn 考查固定搭配。句意:在接下来的8天里,机器人进行了688次实验,总是根据上一次实验的结果来选择下一次实验。be based n/upn意为“根据”,为固定搭配。故填n/ upn。
【高频词汇】 1.develp vt.开发 2.ver and ver again反复 3.in any directin朝任意方向 4.prgram vt.编写程序
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Jack,
Hw is everything? I am mre than glad t intrduce the high-speed rail t yu, as yu wish t knw the new great inventin that primarily influences my life.
HSR appeals t the wrld with its unparalleled cnvenience. Peple can reach the destinatin by train within hurs. Besides, the tickets are accessible and affrdable t rdinary peple. With an ID card, passengers d nt even need paper tickets anymre.
Yu can imagine what a blessing it is t travel arund China with HSR. Cme and have a ride yurself.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Lia lked thrugh the micrscpe, and t her surprise, she saw the mst beautiful example f symmetry she culd ever have imagined. “Of curse!” she shuted, “A snwflake! Why didn't I think f that befre?” She lked thrugh the micrscpe again, t take a clser lk, and was surprised t find that there was nthing there! The snwflake had disappeared, taking all f its beauty with it. “N! Wait! Oh, n!” cried Lia. She had t take the snwflake t class, but hw? It wuld melt befre she culd even get n the bus!
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, Lia had an idea—she ran t her huse and picked up her camera. Within minutes, she'd managed t attach it t the micrscpe. She carefully placed anther snwflake n the micrscpe's stage and tk a series f pictures. Each snwflake was different, symmetrical, and unbelievably beautiful. Lia tk the snwflake phts t class, which surprised her classmates and teacher. They were excited t see the mst beautiful example f symmetry and they gave Lia a nickname. They called her Snwflake Lia.
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.B
9.B
10.C
11.D
12.C
13.A
14.D
15.C
16.D
17.E
18.G
19.A
20.C
21.B
22.C
23.D
24.A
25.B
26.D
27.C
28.A
29.B
30.A
31.C
32.C
33.D
34.A
35.B
36.did 37.easily 38.itself 39.a 40.t prgram 41.making 42.fewer
43.which/that 44.was given 45.n/upn
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
a cld Octber
Character
Lia Bentley, Mr. Ferris, Lia's father
情节
Paras. 1—2
Lia Bently在学校里学习了对称现象,科学老师要求学生找到最美丽的对称实例并作报告。
Paras. 3—6
Lia Bently用自己收到的生日礼物——一个显微镜在小木屋里寻觅、观察各种对称的东西但都不满意,大雪将至,Lia的父亲叫她进屋。
Para. 7
正在这时大风吹开屋门,一片雪花飘到了显微镜的载物台上。
续写
方向
Para. 1
Lia lked thrugh the micrscpe, and t her surprise, she saw the mst beautiful example f symmetry she culd ever have imagined.
①Lia看到了雪花会流露出怎样的惊喜呢?
②雪花很快就会融化,更别提带去学校作报告了,因此Lia会有怎么样的心理活动呢?
Para. 2
Suddenly, Lia had an idea—she ran t her huse and picked up her camera.
①Lia顺利地完成观察和报告了吗?
②老师和同学怎样评价Lia的报告呢?
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