人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement当堂达标检测题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement当堂达标检测题，共13页。试卷主要包含了its　 考查形容词性物主代词，t draw　考查动词不定式等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Water is (必不可少的) t keeping every living thing alive.
2.Trees have the (性质) t clean the air and prduce xygen fr us t breathe.
3.He had n (客观的) evidence that anything extrardinary was happening.
4.Can plants (获得)adequate nurishment(养分)frm such pr sil?
5.Technlgical advances play a (关键性的) rle in the prcess f building a mdern China.
6. The Chinese parents are (大部分) psitive abut the effects f nline curses during the COVID-19 epidemic, a survey has fund.
7.As we all knw,slids(固体) turn t l at certain temperatures.
8. At the Wrld Champinship, Jack d all his ppnents and became the champin.
Ⅱ.选词填空
get stuck;insist n;(d)
1.They themselves study harder than befre.
2.He was nt expected t g, but he ging.
3.I was eating a turkey sandwich when it suddenly in my thrat.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Have yu seen the exhibitin at the (btany) garden?
2.He made a very thrugh (analyse) n the current situatin.
3.They are devting themselves t develping a new (evaluate) system.
4.Here’s sme (bil) water. Have a drink whenever yu’re thirsty.
5.Many peple make a sharp (distinct) between humans and ther animals.
6.His father ndded, (apparent) cntent with the by’s decisin t help thers.
7.The Ministry f Educatin said primary and secndary schl teachers shuldn’t punish students fr pr (academy) perfrmance.
8. The science camp will be held next mnth with the aim f encuraging mre students t thrw themselves int (science) research.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Tu Yuyu is universally acknwledged as a scientist f great 1 (achieve). Brn in Ningb, China, n 30 December 1930, Tu Yuyu graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955. In 1967, she was chsen int a research team 2 was frmed by the gvernment with the aim f discvering a new treatment 3 malaria and tw years later she became the head f the prject in Beijing. She and he teammates examined ver 2,000 ld medical texts, 4 (evaluate) 280,000 plants fr their medical prperties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that shwed prmise in the fight against malaria. As a 5 (cmmit) and patient scientist, she never acknwledged defeat whatever difficulty she met. After failing t draw ut useful extract by 6 (bil)the sweet wrmwd, she began even 7 (careful) thinking and research wrk. She drew 8 cnclusin that biling the sweet wrmwd destryed 9 (it) medical prperties. S she used a lwer temperature 10 (draw) ut the extract and finally she succeeded.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021四川成都蒲江中学高一下月考,)
The 2020 Nbel Prize fr Literature has been awarded t frmer U.S. Pet Laureate (桂冠诗人) Luise Glück. The prize cmmittee mentined “her unmistakable petic vice that with plain beauty makes individual existence universal”. Being the first American wman t win the award since Tni Mrrisn in 1993, Glück, 77, jins a list f literary giants and previus Nbelists wh include, in this century, Canadian shrt-stry master Alice Munr, Chinese magical-realist M Yan, etc.
Glück’s wrks include 12 cllectins f petry and a cuple f vlumes f essays n literary writing. “All are characterized by trying hard t achieve clarity. Childhd,family life, and the clse relatinship with parents and brthers r sisters are themes that have remained central t her,” Anders Olssn, the chairman f the Nbel Cmmittee fr Literature, said. “She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiratin frm myths (神话) and classical themes,” Olssn added, citing her 2006 cllectin Avern, which the cmmittee described as “masterly” fr its “visinary interpretatin f the myth f Persephne’s fall int hell in the captivity f Hades, the gd f death”.
As a prfessr at Yale and a resident f Cambridge, Glück als served as U.S. Pet Laureate frm 2003 t 2004 and was n stranger t awards. She wn the Pulitzer Prize in 1993 fr her cllectin f pems titled TheWildIris, in which “she describes the extrardinary return f life after winter in the pem Snwdrps,” the Nbel literature cmmittee said Thursday. She als wn the 2014 Natinal Bk Award fr Petry fr FaithfulandVirtuusNight. In 2016, President Obama awarded the Natinal Humanities Medal t Glück in a White Huse ceremny.
The publicity-shy Glück did nt immediately make any cmment abut the latest hnr fr her bdy f wrk, which lasts mre than half a century. In a recent interview, she acknwledged that prizes culd make “existence in the wrld easier” but did nt amunt t the immrtality (不朽) f a true artist.
1. What d we knw abut Glück frm Paragraph 1?
A.She shared her wrks with ther literary figures.
B.She wn the Nbel Prize fr her special literary style.
C.She has been awarded Pet Laureate many times.
D.She is less well-knwn than Chinese nvelist M Yan.
2. Glück’s pems mainly fcus n .
A.daily lifeB. quiet cuntryside
C.classical mythsD. successful careers
3.What is the purpse f Paragraph 3?
A.T shw Glück’s cntributins t literature.
B.T prve Glück’s strng interest in writing.
C.T present Glück’s utstanding achievements.
D.T stress Glück’s influence n ther pets.
4. Hw des Glück feel abut the hnr she has received?
A.She is extremely prud f it.
B.She takes it very seriusly.
C.She deserves a higher reward.
D.She desn’t value it greatly.
B
(2020浙江杭州八校高一联考,)
Brn in Lndn in 1825, Thmas Henry Huxley was ne f the greatest men f the nineteenth century. In 1846, Thmas Henry Huxley was appinted an assistant dctr abard HMS Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked t survey areas f the Great Barrier Reef and the neighbring seas. This gave Thmas Henry Huxley an pprtunity t study animal life and was the start f his bilgical career. The vyage lasted fur years, during which time he gathered much infrmatin n planktn(浮游生物).
On his return frm the vyage, Thmas Henry Huxley was made a member f the Ryal Sciety in recgnitin f his scientific wrk. Althugh he cntinued t publish papers abut planktn, his interest was turning twards vertebrate(有脊椎的) animals. Fr sme time Thmas Henry Huxley and his wrkmates had been discussing the pssibility that animal species had evlved(进化), ne frm anther. N satisfactry theries had been put frward, but in 1859 Darwin’s TheOriginfSpecies appeared. Thmas Henry Huxley at nce realized its imprtance and hw the thery f natural selectin prvided the wrking hypthesis(假说) we sught.
Fr the rest f his life Thmas Henry Huxley struggled t ensure the full recgnitin f Darwin’s wrk. In 1863, Thmas Henry Huxley published Man’sPlaceinNature in which he cmpared man and great apes(类人猿). He clearly shwed similarities.
Despite his many achievements, he was given n award by the British state until late in his life. Frm abut 1870, Thmas Henry Huxley was t invlved in ther things t cntinue actual research. He had always been interested in educatin. He pineered the teaching f bilgy and his methd f selecting “type animals” is still fllwed tday. He spent the last ten years f his life writing essays mainly n bilgy.
5.Why did Huxley g n the vyage?
A.T explre the deep sea.
B.T d research n sea animals.
C.T wrk as a dctr n the ship.
D.T gather infrmatin fr his paper.
6.Hw did Huxley react t the thery f natural selectin?
A.He had dubt abut it.
B.He thught highly f it.
C.He culdn’t understand it.
D.He thught he develped it first.
7.What d we knw abut Huxley’s bk Man’sPlaceinNature?
A.It discusses the imprtance f human beings.
B.It fcuses n Darwin’s thery f natural selectin.
C.It talks abut the differences between man and apes.
D.It prvides evidence abut the evlutin f man frm apes.
8.What can we learn abut Huxley frm the last paragraph?
A.He cntributed a lt t bilgy teaching.
B.He cntinued his research till his death.
C.He became a gd nvelist late in his life.
D.He never gt awards fr his achievements.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021四川绵竹中学高一下期中考试,)
Human’s Greatest Achievements
The Earth is 4.5 billin years ld, but the human race has lived n it fr just 200,000 years. In that shrt time, we have achieved amazing things.
1 The list is almst endless. The inventin f the airplane has changed ur lives. The discvery f antibitics has saved the lives f millins f peple. Can yu imagine living withut electricity? What abut the printing press? Withut the printing press, yu wuldn’t be reading this. In the last 50 years, there have been great achievements in cmmunicatin, such as radi, TV, cmputers, the Internet, and smartphnes. 2
What abut the arts? The arts have brught pleasure t many peple, but are the Beatles and Bach mre imprtant than antibitics? 3
Finally, we must nt frget humans’ early achievements. 4 We can’t imagine mdern life withut cked fd and cars.
What are humans’ greatest achievements? T answer the questin, we need t decide what we mean by “great”. 5 Or is it just smething that makes us say “Ww” like the Great Wall? What d yu think?
A.D yu think it is difficult t have great achievements?
B.Is it smething that makes us rich r happy r save lives?
C.We enjy these things every day because they are free t use.
D.They used fire fr cking and heating and invented the wheel.
E.Many f humans’ great achievements are in science and technlgy.
F.And is Mickey Muse as imprtant an achievement as ging t space?
G.We culd prbably live withut them, but life wuldn’t be as interesting.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.prperties 3.bjective 4.btain 5.crucial
6.mstly 7.liquids 8.defeated
Ⅱ. 1.cmmitted;t 2.insisted n 3.gt stuck
Ⅲ 考查形容词。句意:你看植物园的展览了吗?btanical 是形容词,意为“植物学的”,作garden的定语。btanical garden意为“植物园”。
2.analysis 考查名词。句意:他对当前的形势做了透彻的分析。此处包含短语make a thrugh analysis n...对……做透彻的分析,故填名词analysis。
3.evaluatin 考查名词。句意:他们正致力于开发一个新的评价体系。evaluatin system评价体系,此处用名词作定语。
4.biled 考查过去分词。句意:这是一些烧开了的水。你渴了就可以随时喝。biled是过去分词,表示动作已经完成,biled water即“烧开了的水”。
易错分析
正在沸腾的水(biling water)不能喝,所以不能使用biling。
5.distinctin 考查名词。句意:很多人把人类和其他动物截然分开。make a distinctin 把……和……区别开。故填名词distinctin。
6.apparently 考查副词。句意:他爸爸点点头,显然对于男孩决定帮助他人很满意。分析句子成分可知,设空处应用副词,修饰形容词cntent。故填apparently。
7.academic 考查形容词。句意:教育部称中小学教师不能因为学习成绩差而惩罚学生。分析句子成分可知,设空处应用形容词,作perfrmance的定语。故填academic。
8.scientific 考查形容词。句意:科学营将于下月举行,目的是鼓励更多的学生投身科学研究。分析句子成分可知,设空处应用形容词,作research的定语。故填scientific。
Ⅳ 考查名词。此处指屠呦呦被普遍认为是一个有伟大成就的科学家。f 后接抽象名词表示某人或某物具有的某种特征或性质,故填achievement。
2.that/which 考查关系词。此处指她被选入一个由政府成立的科研团队。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为a research team,从句中缺少主语,故填that或which。
3.fr 考查介词。a new treatment fr malaria 意为“一种治疗疟疾的新疗法”,故填fr。
4.evaluated 考查动词的时态。设空处和句中的examined、tested作并列谓语,应用一般过去时,故填evaluated。
5.cmmitted 考查形容词。cmmitted 为形容词,意为“尽心尽力的”,和patient一起作scientist的定语。
6.biling 考查动名词。 by ding sth.意为“通过做某事”,by 为介词,后接动名词。
7.mre careful 考查形容词的比较级。此处指她开始了更加仔细的思考和研究工作,含有比较的意思,且前面有even修饰。故填mre careful。
8.a 考查冠词。draw a cnclusin that...得出一个……的结论。
9.its 考查形容词性物主代词。此处指破坏了它的药用性能,应用形容词性物主代词its。
10.t draw 考查动词不定式。use sth. t d sth.使用某物做某事。故填t draw。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了2020年诺贝尔文学奖得主露易丝·格丽克的事迹和杰出成就。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中第一、二句可知,2020年诺贝尔文学奖授予了美国的一位前桂冠诗人露易丝·格丽克。评委会提到了“她那用朴素的美使个体的存在有了普遍价值的无可辩驳的诗意般的声音”。由此可知,露易丝·格丽克被授予诺贝尔文学奖是因为她独特的文学风格。故选B。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Childhd, family life, and the clse relatinship with parents and brthers r sisters are themes that have remained central t her可知,童年、家庭生活以及与父母和兄弟或姐妹的亲密关系一直是她的中心主题。由此可知,她的诗主要关注的是日常生活。故选A。
3. C 推理判断题。第三段提到,格丽克在2003年至2004年期间担任美国桂冠诗人,凭借《野鸢尾》于1993年获得了普利策奖,凭借《忠贞之夜》获得了2014年美国国家图书奖诗歌奖,2016年获得了美国国家人文奖章。这些都是格丽克的文学成就。故选C。
4. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,不愿在公众面前露面的格丽克没有立即对这项最新的荣誉发表任何评论。在最近的一次采访中,她承认,奖项可以让“在这个世界上生存更容易”,但不能让一个真正的艺术家不朽。由此可推断,格丽克不重视奖项和荣誉,注重的是真正的艺术。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.plain adj.朴素的;不尚修饰的 2.existence n.存在;生存 3.characterize v.描述;刻画 4.interpretatin n.解释;理解;说明 5.interview n.采访 6.amunt t等于;相当于;总计
长难句分析
原句 Being the first American wman t win the award since Tni Mrrisn in 1993, Glück, 77, jins a list f literary giants and previus Nbelists wh include, in this century, Canadian shrt-stry master Alice Munr, Chinese magical-realist M Yan, etc.
分析 该句为主从复合句。Being the first...为现在分词短语作状语;wh引导定语从句,修饰先行词previus Nbelists。
句意 作为自1993年托妮·莫里森以来首位获得该奖项的美国女性,在本世纪,77岁的格丽克加入了众多文学巨匠和往届诺贝尔文学奖得主的行列,其中包括加拿大短篇小说大师艾丽斯·芒罗和中国魔幻现实主义作家莫言等。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了英国著名生物学家、教育家托马斯·亨利·赫胥黎的生平事迹。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句In 1846, Thmas Henry Huxley was appinted an assistant dctr abard HMS Rattlesnake.可知,Huxley航海是因为他在船上当医生。故选C。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Thmas Henry Huxley at nce realized its imprtance and hw the thery f natural selectin prvided the wrking hypthesis(假说)we sught.可知,Huxley对自然选择理论评价很高。故选B。
7.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Fr sme time Thmas Henry Huxley and his wrkmates had been discussing the pssibility that animal species had evlved(进化), ne frm anther.以及第三段第二、三句In 1863, Thmas Henry Huxley published Man?s Place in Nature in which he cmpared man and great apes (类人猿). He clearly shwed similarities.可知,Huxley的书《人类在自然界的位置》为人类从类人猿进化而来提供了证据,故选D。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,他一直对教育感兴趣,他是生物学教学的先锋。由此推断出,Huxley对生物教学做出了很大贡献,故选A。由最后一段第二句可以排除B项;最后一段最后一句提到他写了很多关于生物学的文章,没有提到他成了一名小说家,可以排除C项;由最后一段第一句可知,他晚年获奖了,可以排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.appint v.任命;委任;安排 2.assistant adj.助理的;副的 n.助理;助手 3.neighbring adj.临近的;附近的
4.in recgnitin f对……的赞誉/肯定 5.put frward提出
6.think highly f对……很欣赏;对……评价很高
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。地球已经有45亿年的历史了,但人类只在上面生活了20万年。在这短短的时间里,我们取得了惊人的成就。文章主要就人类在科技方面的成就和这些成就的意义展开论述。
1.E 下文主要列举了一些科技方面的伟大发明,故E选项“许多人类的伟大成就都是在科学和技术方面。”符合语境,下文是对该选项的举例说明。故选E。
2.G 上文提到了通信领域的一些巨大成就,本句为本段最后一句,应该承接上文继续说明这些发明对人们生活的影响,G选项中的them指代上一句中的great achievements。故G选项“没有它们我们可能也能生活,但生活就不会那么有趣了。”符合语境,故选G。
3.F 上文通过设问句将艺术方面的成就和科学技术方面的成就进行了对比,本句为本段最后一句,应该承接上文继续采用设问句进行这种比较。故F选项“米老鼠和进入太空的成就一样重要吗?”符合语境,故选F。
4.D 上文提到人类早期的成就,故本句应该承接上文举例说明人类的早期成就有哪些,D选项中的They指代上一句中的humans。故D选项“他们用火做饭和取暖,并发明了轮子。”符合语境,且下一句也与该选项相呼应。故选D。
5.B 上文提到了对“伟大”的定义,故本句应该承接上文继续说明如何定义“伟大”。故B选项“它是某种让我们变得富有、快乐或拯救生命的东西吗?”符合语境,且下一句也与该选项相呼应。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.amazing adj.令人惊奇的 2.endless adj.不计其数的;无穷无尽的 3.inventin n.发明 4.achievement n.成就;功绩 5.cmmunicatin n.通信;交流