UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING Part 3　LESSON 2 GREENING THE DESERT-2022版英语必修第三册北师大版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

Part 3　LESSON 2 GREENING THE DESERT

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.H&M, as well as some other foreign brands, makes a 　　　(利润) from us while boycotting cotton made in Xinjiang. 

2.The difference between the impossible and the possible lies in a person's 　　　(决心). 

3.The development of the food industry depends on the development of

　　　(农业). 

4.As a　　　(以前的) heavyweight champion, he recorded 44 knockouts during his 50-fight career. 

5.Compared with 　　　(普通的) white-collar workers, high-end nannies earn a competitive salary, working with ease and focusing on children's education. 

6.The first China International Consumer Products Expo held in Hainan province has attracted 1,365 brands from 69 countries and 　　　(地区). 

7.Mike Crilley, one of the 　　　(组织者)of the graffiti wall project, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children. 

8.She was gazing at him with a soft, 　　　(满意的) smile on her face. 

9.It's the 13th fastest growing 　　　(县)in the country in population over the past six years. 

10.They decided to extend the 　　　(当前的) UN humanitarian program without change. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

make sb.'s dream come true;work through;prevent...from...;refer to sb. as...;work on

1.I 　　　　　　the problems I was having with my teacher, and now I'm doing better in class.  

2.Some of my favorite organizations are the ones that 　　　terminally ill children's 　　　　　　. 

3.Linda spends all her time 　　　　　　the garden. 

4.Something is 　　　the machine 　　　turning off, so the motor is getting overheated. 

5.Should I 　　　　　　you 　　　Dr. Smith or Professor Smith? 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.Microsoft 　　　　(found) Bill Gates took the top spot in the Forbes list of 400 richest people in the US for the 20th straight year, with a net worth of $72 billion. 

2.Speaker's Clubs are well 　　　　(organise) and highly structured so that all members are able to have the opportunity to speak at every club meeting. 

3.They sold their house 　　　　a healthy profit. 

4.Not content 　　　　his present life, he decided to try his fortune in a bigger city. 

5.It never 　　　　(occur)to him that his novel would become such a hit and bring him so much fame and fortune. 

6.Harvard University issued a 　　　　(propose) entitled “Turning the Tide”, suggesting that colleges should place less emphasis on high-stakes tests. 

7.With no tools on the deserted island, chances of their 　　　　(survive) were slim. 

8.In the animation Ne Zha, we can see a rebellious child who 　　　　(overcome) hardship and his dark destiny and becomes a hero. 

9.After listening to the lecture, they determined 　　　　(join)the volunteer organization. 

10.He can well remember 　　　　happy they were when they found the trees they had planted in the desert made it. 

Ⅳ.同义句转换

1.Chances were slim that the trees could survive in the hot, dry, and windy desert.

→There seemed only 　　　　　　　　　that the trees could survive in the hot, dry, and windy desert. 

2.She was determined to make her son's dream a reality, despite all possible difficulties.

→She was determined to make her son's dream 　　　　　　, despite all possible difficulties. 

3.Whether you were alive or fallen, you served a purpose.

→　　　 　　　　　　, you served a purpose. 

4.A sudden noise of explosions put an end to the concert.

→A sudden noise of explosions 　　　the concert 　　　　　　　　　.  

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2021安徽六安新安中学高一期中)

Climate change, pollution, overuse of water and development are killing some of the world's most famous rivers including China's Yangtze, India's Ganges and Africa's Nile, WWF said on Tuesday. At the global launch of its report “World's Top 10 Rivers at Risk”,the group said many rivers could dry out, affecting hundreds of millions of people and killing unique aquatic(水生的) life.

“If these rivers die, millions will lose their livelihoods, biodiversity(生物多样性)will be destroyed on a massive scale, and there will be less fresh water and agriculture, resulting in less food security,”said Rayi Singh, Secretary General of WWF-India. The report, launched ahead of “World Water Day” today, also cited the Rio Grande in the United States, the Mekong and the Indus in Asia, Europe's Danube, the La Plata-Parana River in South America and the Murray and the Darling in Australia as in need of greater protection.

Rivers are the world's main source of fresh water and WWF says about half of the available supply is already being used up. Dams have destroyed habitats and cut rivers off from their flood plains, while climate change could affect the seasonal water flows that feed them. Fish populations, the top source of protein and overall life support for hundreds of thousands of communities worldwide, are also being threatened. The Yangtze basin is one of the most polluted rivers in the world because of decades of heavy industrialization, damming and huge influxes(流入) of sediment(沉淀物) from land conversion.

Climate change, including higher temperatures, also means serious consequences for fishery productivity, water supply and political security in Africa's arid Nile basin. Tributaries(支流)flowing into the Ganges are drying up because of irrigation.

1.We can infer from the text that 　　　. 

A.higher temperatures couldn't affect fishery productivity

B.rivers' dying out could affect food security

C.there are three Asian rivers mentioned in the passage

D.the Yangtze is polluted due to the lack of enough tributaries

2.The top 10 rivers are fast dying as a result of the following EXCEPT 　　　. 

A.climate change　　　B.pollution

C.wasting water　　　D.dams

3.WWF is probably a name of 　　　. 

A.a magazine　　　B.a newspaper

C.an organization　　　D.a report

B

(2021江苏连云港普通高中联考高一期中)

My sister Alice and I have been trying to get people to stop dropping cigarette butts(烟头)for seven years. One day, when we were walking in our hometown, we saw hundreds of cigarette butts on the ground. They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.

At first, we drew pictures with “The Earth is not your ashtray(烟灰缸)”written on them. We put up the pictures around our hometown—in parks, by beaches, and along paths. We wanted to make people understand that dropping butts hurts the environment. Most smokers don't think that dropping butts damages the Earth. But it does, and all rubbish does!

Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays and gave them to smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn't have to drop butts.

At the moment, we are trying to get cigarette companies to put an ashtray in each pack of cigarettes. Some companies want to do it. Many people have started to join our group since it began. Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups in America.

Now there are even groups in England, Australia, and India! Many newspapers have written about my sister and me over the last seven years. And we have won many prizes for what we do. But we are not interested in prizes. We just devote ourselves to making the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.

One day, it will be.

4.What did the writer think about the cigarette butts in the first place?

A.They made the town smelly.

B.They made the town unhealthy.

C.They made the town dirty.

D.They made the town poor.

5.What does the writer do with the cigarette butts?

A.Give ashtrays to the smokers.

B.Stop people buying cigarettes.

C.Pick up the cigarette butts.

D.Win prizes for starting groups.

6.From the passage we can know that　　　. 

A.no companies wanted to give money to them

B.the writer believes that the Earth will be a better and cleaner place

C.there are only 45 “No Butts About It” groups

D.the writer likes to be on newspapers and win prizes

7.Which is the best title of the passage?

A.Save our town from cigarette butts

B.Buy yourself an ashtray

C.Cigarette butts also destroy other countries

D.No butts prize

Ⅱ.七选五

(2020四川资阳高一期末)

Migration(迁徙), is a long journey carried out by some birds to other areas where they hope to find more food and a warmer place to spend the winter. A hundreds or thousands of miles' journey is actually difficult and dangerous. So why do birds migrate?　1　 However, it all comes down to survival. 

Migrating for a Meal

For all birds, one of the main driving forces behind migration is food shortage. If all birds were to stay in the same warm regions all the year round, food would become lacking and producing their young would be less successful. As food resources are rich in the north each spring, millions of birds migrate there for the food supplies.　2　 

Migrating for Families

Over thousands of years, birds have evolved different migration patterns, timing a destination to fly around the world to produce their young. Birds take advantage of a wide variety of suitable conditions to raise their young.　3　 

Migrating for Climate

Birds have evolved different types of feathers to survive different climates.　4　So many birds leave the Arctic producing grounds, for example, when temperatures begin to fall and they need warmer habitats. Similarly, the hottest regions can be a bad environment for raising little chicks, and they will choose cooler areas to lay eggs. 

Migrating for Predators(捕食性动物)

Habitats that have rich food resources all the year round also attract a greater number of predators that can threaten their nests.　5　It gives their young a better chance of reaching maturity. Many birds even migrate to particular habitats that are nearly inaccessible to predators. 

A.Birds always tend to fly to warmer places.

B.And changes in those climates can affect migration.

C.This increases the surviving chances of little chicks.

D.Birds have adapted themselves to their own surroundings.

E.There is more than one reason for different birds to migrate.

F.As the food supplies decrease in fall, they return to warm regions.

G.Therefore, birds migrate to different habitats to avoid being eaten by predators.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

答案全解全析

Part 3　LESSON 2 GREENING THE DESERT

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.profit　2.determination　3.agriculture　4.former　5.ordinary

6.regions　7.organisers　8.contented　9.county　10.current

Ⅱ.1.worked through　2.make;dreams come true　3.working on

4.preventing;from　5.refer to;as

Ⅲ.1.founder　考查名词。句意:微软创始人比尔·盖茨以720亿美元的净资产连续第20年蝉联福布斯美国400位富豪榜榜首。founder创办人,创始者。

2.organised　考查形容词。句意:演讲者俱乐部组织良好、结构严密,因此所有会员都可以有机会在每次的俱乐部会议上发言。organised有组织的。

3.at　考查介词。句意:他们以可观的利润卖掉了他们的房子。at a healthy profit以可观的利润。

4.with　考查固定搭配。句意:由于不满足于现在的生活,他决定到一个更大的城市去试试运气。be content with对……满意。

5.occurred　考查时态。句意:他从未想到他的小说会变得如此受欢迎,给他带来如此多的名利。根据would可知,应使用一般过去时。 it occurred to sb. that...某人突然想到……。

6.proposal　考查名词。句意:哈佛大学发布了一份题为“扭转趋势”的提案,建议各大学减少对高风险考试的重视。设空处作宾语,由空前的a可知应填名词。

7.survival　考查名词。句意:由于荒岛上没有工具,他们生存的机会微乎其微。survival生存,存活。

8.overcomes　考查时态。句意:在动画片《哪吒》中,我们可以看到一个叛逆的孩子,他克服了困境和黑暗的命运,成了一个英雄。根据后面becomes可知应使用一般现在时。故填overcomes。

9.to join　考查固定用法。句意:听完讲座后,他们决定加入这个志愿者组织。determine to do sth.决定做某事。

10.how　考查连词。句意:他清楚地记得,当他们发现自己在沙漠里种的树成活了时,他们有多么高兴。在句中how happy they were 为宾语从句,使用了感叹句语序,突出强调happy,故用how。

Ⅳ.1.a slim chance　2.come true　3.Alive or fallen　4.brought;to an end

能力提升练

Ⅰ.A

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。WWF组织列出了世界十大处境危险的河流,并简单介绍了这种现象的原因及后果。

1.B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“If these rivers die, millions will lose their livelihoods, biodiversity(生物多样性)will be destroyed on a massive scale, and there will be less fresh water and agriculture, resulting in less food security”可知,河流的干涸可能会影响食物的安全,故正确答案为B项。根据最后一段第一句“Climate change, including higher temperatures, also means serious consequences for fishery productivity, water supply and political security in Africa's arid Nile basin.”可知,A选项不正确;第一段中提到了China's Yangtze, India's Ganges,第二段中提到了the Mekong and the Indus in Asia,故C选项不正确;根据第三段最后一句“The Yangtze basin is one of the most polluted rivers in the world because of decades of heavy industrialization, damming and huge influxes(流入) of sediment(沉淀物)from land conversion.”可知,D选项不正确。

2.C　细节理解题。第一段中“Climate change, pollution, overuse of water and development are killing some of the world's most famous rivers”提到Climate change、pollution对河流的影响。第三段又提到Dams(大坝)破坏了野生动物的栖息地,切断了河流与泛滥平原的联系。C项(wasting water)没有提到,故C项符合题意。

3.C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“WWF said on Tuesday. At the global launch of its report ‘World's Top 10 Rivers at Risk’,the group said many rivers could dry out”可推断出,WWF是个group,即一个组织,WWF是世界自然基金会的缩写,故选C项。

【高频词汇】　1.livelihood n.生计　2.result in导致,引起

3.security n.安全　4.threaten v.威胁　5.industrialization n.工业化　6.irrigation n.灌溉

长难句分析

原句　If these rivers die, millions will lose their livelihoods, biodiversity will be destroyed on a massive scale, and there will be less fresh water and agriculture, resulting in less food security...

分析　本句包含一个由If引导的条件状语从句,非谓语动词短语resulting in less food security...作there will be less fresh water and agriculture的结果状语。

句意　如果这些河流干涸,数百万人将失去他们的生计,生物多样性将被大规模破坏,将会有更少的淡水和农业,导致粮食安全性降低……

B

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者与姐姐两个人为了不让人们乱扔烟头而发起了一个组织,并积极向公司寻求帮助。在过去几年里她们的组织给美国,甚至其他国家带来了影响,她们也因此获得奖项。她们只希望地球环境变得更好。

4.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts.可知,她们成立该组织的最初原因是:烟头让城镇变得非常难看。C项符合以上说法。A、B、D三项在文中均未提及。

5.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知,作者与姐姐找公司赞助买了烟灰缸给那些抽烟的人,故选A项。B、C两项在文中均未提及,D项“因为创办组织赢得奖项”是不乱扔烟头的活动带来的影响,不符合题意,故不选。

6.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中We just devote ourselves to making the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.和最后一段One day, it will be.可以推测出,作者相信地球终有一天会变得更好、更干净。B项符合题意。根据第三段第一、二句可知,一些公司给了她们金钱上的赞助,她们才能买烟灰缸给吸烟者,故A项“没有公司愿意给她们钱”的表述不正确。根据第四段最后一句Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups in America.和倒数第二段中Now there are even groups in England, Australia, and India!可知,组织的个数应该不仅仅有45个,故C项不选。根据倒数第二段中But we are not interested in prizes.可知,她们对奖项不感兴趣,故D项不正确。

7.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.可知,本文主要讲述了作者和她的姐姐一直设法呼吁人们不要乱扔烟头。故A项可以作为标题概括全文。

【高频词汇】　1.drop v.使掉下　2.put up张贴　3.ask sb. for sth.向某人请求某物　4.be interested in对……感兴趣

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鸟类迁徙的原因。

1.E　上文提示“那么为什么鸟类会迁徙呢?”,E项“There is more than one reason for different birds to migrate.(不同鸟类迁徙的原因不止一个。)”承接上文。故选E。

2.F　上文提示“由于每年春天北方的食物资源丰富,所以数以百万计的鸟迁徙到那里寻找食物供应”,F项“As the food supplies decrease in fall, they return to warm regions.(随着秋天食物供应的减少,它们回到温暖的地区。)”承接上文,故选F。

3.C　上文提示“鸟类利用各种各样的适宜条件来养育后代”,C项“This increases the surviving chances of little chicks.(这增加了幼鸟的生存机会。)”承接上文,故选C。

4.B　上文提示“鸟类进化出不同类型的羽毛以在不同的气候中生存下来”,下文提示“例如,当气温开始下降,它们需要更温暖的栖息地时,许多鸟类离开北极的繁育地”,所以B项“And changes in those climates can affect migration.(那些气候的变化会影响迁徙。)”符合语境,故选B。

5.G　上文提示“全年都有丰富食物资源的栖息地也吸引了更多的捕食者,这些捕食者会威胁到它们的巢穴”,下文提示“这使它们的后代有更好的机会长到成年”,所以G项“Therefore, birds migrate to different habitats to avoid being eaten by predators.(所以鸟类迁徙到不同的栖息地以避免被捕食者吃掉。)”承接上下文,故选G。

【高频词汇】　1.force n.有影响力的事物　2.habitat n.栖息地

3.surroundings n.周围的事物;环境

长难句分析

原句　Habitats that have rich food resources all the year round also attract a greater number of predators that can threaten their nests.

分析　本句为主从复合句。句子主干为Habitats also attract a greater number of predators,第一个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词Habitats,第二个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词predators。

句意　一年四季都有丰富食物资源的栖息地也吸引了更多的捕食者,这些捕食者会威胁到它们的巢穴。