高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 6 Space and beyond巩固练习

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 6 Space and beyond巩固练习，共10页。试卷主要包含了hw　考查状语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Since Michael mved t ur city, he has lived an (寻常的) life.
2.The pain was ften s bad that she wanted t (尖叫), but she endured it eventually.
3.The daily flight t the city has been (暂停) because f the strm.
4.The captain cares abut the safety f bth the (全体工作人员) and the passengers.
5.The trees thrw a s n the grass.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
set ft n, becme accustmed t, take ff, tune in, turn int, cast a shadw n, take ne's place, call t
1.The new era us, saying that we shuld strive t achieve mre and d better.
2.All ver the cuntry, yungsters t this prgramme every day.
3.It tk her sme time t being the nly lady in the ffice.
4.After the samples were cllected, the ascender f Chang'e 5 frm the lunar surface.
5.An unhappy childhd wuld ne's whle life.
6.In ne year she a mdel student frm a prblem child.
7.She culdn't attend the meeting s her assistant .
8.Neil Armstrng became the first human t the mn in 1969.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The panda has lng becme (accustm) t the huge crwds f visitrs.
2.The ancient peple wh were successful, nt nly had (exceptin) talent but als had unflinching will.
3.The minister warned that any civil servant nt at his desk faced immediate (suspend).
4.Airbags inflate (膨胀) (instantaneus) n impact (撞击) t frm a cushin between the driver and the steering wheel.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.毫无疑问,没有人生来就是赢家。人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。
n ne is brn a winner. Peple make themselves winners by their wn effrts.
2.更为有趣的是,不同宫殿的屋顶上长出来的草还各不相同。
is that the grass grwing n the rf f different palaces is varied.
3.自从我们在学校认识之后,我们就一直是好朋友。
We've been gd friends at schl.
4.他离开这儿已有五年了。
It has been five years .
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Neil Armstrng set ft n the Mn back n 20 July 1969. 1 had nce been cnsidered impssible had nw been achieved. 2 (fllw) the Mn landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptinal t the public. 3 (tragic), the Challenger space shuttle explded after it tk ff n 28 January 1986, and all seven astrnauts n bard were killed. It was the mst disastrus space accident ever, and cast a shadw 4 peple's hearts. After the disaster, space shuttle flights were suspended fr nearly three years while the cause f the disaster 5 (investigate). But there was never any dubt that manned 6 (flight) wuld cntinue, and n 29 September 1988, the space shuttle prgramme resumed with the 7 (success) launch f Discvery. It 8 (be) ver 30 years since the 9 (lse) f Challenger. The sacrifice f the Challenger calls t us, reminding us that we must cntinue t reach fr the stars, n matter 10 distant they might seem.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021 江苏南京师大苏州实验学校高二下调研,)
Frm this issue, we explre why the Search fr Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute hasn't turned up anything since its fundatin in the 1980s. We asked ur Facebk fllwers: D yu think that astrnmers will find evidence f alien life in yur lifetime?
Lran McCrmick:I think they already have it. Judging by the sudden industrializatin, I figure they fund smething that's prbably been here since befre humans walked the Earth.
Jens Avery:We may find alien life, but it may nt want anything t d with us. We are nt very advanced and can't even get alng with each ther.
Steven Buhrw:I think the mre imprtant questin is—will any gvernment ever publicly admit it in ur lifetime? I fully believe that we culd discver alien life tday and the gvernment wuld simply say the public is nt ready fr this infrmatin.
Jenna Walsh:I think we already see it, but just dn't realize what it is. Intelligent alien life prbably desn't want anything t d with the disaster that is Earth at this pint, s n dubt it's playing it safe and bserving frm a safe distance.
Christpher Harvey:By alien life, d yu mean intelligent alien life? Then n. It wuld be extremely hard t find, shrt f it cming dwn t Earth. But if yu mean unintelligent alien life, like bacteria r single cell life, we might.
1.Why did they ask the Facebk fllwers the questin?
A.T questin the efficiency f the SETI Institute.
B.T cnfirm the appearance f aliens n Earth.
C.T ensure the existence f aliens.
D.T cmplain abut the failure t find aliens.

2.Wh dubts the ever visits f aliens t the Earth?
A.Lran McCrmick.B.Steven Buhrw.
C.Jenna Walsh.D.Christpher Harvey.
3.Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A.An album.B.Science fictin.
C.A magazine.D.A travel guide.
B
(2021黑龙江实验中学高二上期末,)
A little ver a year ag n Jan. 3, 2019, China's Chang'e 4 spacecraft did smething that had never been dne befre—landing n the mn's far side. Ever since then, the rver it carried—Yutu 2—has been sending back pictures f the lesser-seen side f ur neighbring satellite.
Nw, the rver has shifted its sight frm hrizntal t vertical. In a paper published in the jurnal Science Advances n Feb. 26, Chinese scientists revealed the undergrund structure f the Vn K?rm?n crater—the area where Yutu 2 tuched dwn. Using grund-penetrating radar, Yutu 2 was able t detect three distinct layers in the 40 meters beneath the flr f the crater, which Science News cmpared t “layers f a cake”.
The tp 12-meter layer is made up f fine dust and sil—a bit like the frsting n a cake. The secnd layer, stretching anther 12 meters belw, cntains a great number f large stnes that are like “cherries in a fruitcake”, wrte Science News. And the next layer—which runs frm 24 meters dwn t 40 meters—is a mixture f bth large and fine materials, just like the whle-wheat bread base f a cake.
This “layered cake” prvides us with a glimpse int the mn's fur billin-year histry—and it is likely t be a vilent ne.
Accrding t the study's leader, Su Yan, based at the Chinese Academy f Sciences, the rcks in the layers are pssibly leftver debris frm past impacts, suggesting asterid cllisins. The finer sil is the sign f smaller meterite cllisins, breaking dwn the rcks int smaller pieces, which were then gradually degraded by the radiatin frm the sun.
But quite unlike a cake, the mn flr desn't just stp at the third layer. Instead, it stretches miles deeper. The reasn why Yutu 2's data stpped at 40 meters was that it reached its maximum range. It may seem like a pity that it can't g any farther fr nw, but the truth is that the technlgy has imprved a lt since it was first used in 1972 by America's Apll 17 rbiter t map the structure f the mn.
“The previus measurements indicated different layers, but they didn't seem t have cme up with the detail abut the physical prperties f the subsurface that Chang'e 4 is prducing,” Gretchen Benedix, a planetary scientist at Curtin University, Australia, tld ABC News.
Frty meters dwn is just the beginning f ur research int the mn's far side. With the aid f new technlgy, wh knws what we culd discver if we delved even deeper?
4.What des Paragraph 2 suggest?
A.The rver detected the atmsphere f the mn.
B.The rver has left the far side f the mn.
C.The rver discvered the Vn K?rm?n crater with its radar.
D.The rver detected the undergrund structure f a crater.
5.What des the secnd layer f the crater cntain?
A.Fine dust.
B.Sil.
C.Large stnes.
D.A mixture f bth large and fine materials.
6.What des Paragraph 5 tell us?
A.Hw imprtant the three layers are t the crater.
B.Why the mn prbably has a vilent histry.
C.Hw asterids changed the mn's surface.
D.Why meterite cllisins happen frequently.
7.What des Gretchen Benedix prbably think f the measurements f Chang'e 4?
A.They lack detail.
B.They are beynd expectatins.
C.They repeat the previus study.
D.They are praisewrthy.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020浙江诸暨中学高二检测,)
When thinking abut placing a human being in space, ne f the mst imprtant questins is hw t design special clthing needed t prtect the persn frm the space envirnment. 1 The fierce heat f the sun can cause severe burns. The lack f the atmsphere can cause gases in the bdy t expand and even burst. With n xygen t breathe, a human being will die in nly a few mments. 2 S is damage frm small pieces f rcks and bjects like meterids (流星体). In 1933, an American flyer, Wiley Pst, designed ne f the first successful devices t prtect a pilt at extreme heights. 3 Astrnauts in the American space agency flew the first American space flights in the early 1960s. The clthing was similar t that invented by Wiley Pst.
4 It lets them mve, d useful tasks, and stay utside their spacecraft in cmfrt and safety fr several hurs. The spacesuit is called the shuttle extravehicular mbility unit r EMU. It was designed t endure lnger and t permit mre mvements than earlier spacesuits. The EMU has a number f parts that an astrnaut can link tgether by using nly ne hand, which makes it pssible fr each astrnaut t select the parts that fit crrectly. Nwadays, NASA scientists are als cnsidering the kind f spacesuit that wuld be needed fr explratin f the planet Mars. 5 The equipment may als have t prtect astrnauts frm particles carried in the wind n Mars. And, they must be easy t repair and keep clean during a lnger flight t and frm Mars.
A.Radiatin frm the sun is anther risk in space.
B.The cld f space will freeze skin in a shrt time.
C.Tday, astrnauts wear very different prtective clthing.
D.Special spacesuits have been used fr explratin f Mars.
E.The EMU has many parts that can be linked tgether by using tw hands.
F.It was a large device that lked like a can surrunding the pilt's head.
G.Because f the gravity n Mars, spacesuits may have t be designed t be lighter than suits used in the rbit r n the mn.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案全解全析
Unit 6 Space and beynd
Part 1 Starting ut &Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.scream 3.suspended 4.crew 5.shadw
Ⅱ t 2.tune in 3.becme accustmed t 4.tk ff 5.cast a shadw n 6.turned int 7.tk her place 8.set ft n
Ⅲ 考查形容词。句意:大熊猫对大批的游客早已经习以为常了。becme accustmed t是固定短语,意为“习惯于”。故填形容词accustmed。
2.exceptinal 考查形容词。句意:古人成大事者,不惟有超世之才,亦有坚韧不拔之志。talent是名词,应用形容词修饰。此处表示“卓越的”,故填exceptinal。
3.suspensin 句意:那位部长警告说任何不在其岗位上的公务员都面临着立即停职。分析句子结构可知,warned后是that引导的宾语从句,作warned的宾语;宾语从句中主语是any civil servant,nt at his desk作后置定语修饰主语,谓语是faced,设空处作faced的宾语,表示“停职”,故用名词suspensin。
4.instantaneusly 句意:安全气囊在受到撞击时立刻膨胀,在司机和方向盘之间形成一个缓冲垫。设空处作状语修饰动词inflate,应用副词instantaneusly。
Ⅳ is n dubt that 2.What is mre interesting 3.ever since we met 4.since he left here
Ⅴ 考查名词性从句。句意:曾经被认为不可能的事情现在已经实现了。 had nce been cnsidered impssible是设空处引导的主语从句,设空处在从句中作主语,表示“……的事情”,故填What。
2.Fllwing 考查现在分词。句意:登月之后,太空旅行迅速成为公众的家常便饭。设空处作状语,应用非谓语形式,且fllw与其逻辑主语space travel之间为主动关系,因此用现在分词形式。
3.Tragically 考查副词。句意:悲惨的是,1986年1月28日,“挑战者”号航天飞机起飞后发生爆炸,机上7名宇航员全部遇难。设空处应用副词作状语,修饰整个句子,表示“悲惨地”。
4.n 考查介词。句意:这是有史以来最严重的太空事故,给人们的心灵蒙上了阴影。cast a shadw n给……蒙上阴影。
5.was investigated 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:灾难发生后,航天飞机暂停飞行近三年,期间调查了这次灾难的原因。the cause f the disaster与investigate是被动关系,因此用被动语态,且表示过去的事,应用一般过去时。从句主语是the cause f the disaster,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填was investigated。
6.flights 考查名词复数。设空处作从句的主语,应用名词;flight是可数名词且空前没有冠词修饰,应用复数形式。
7.successful 考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词launch,所以此处应该填形容词successful。
8.has been 考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意:自“挑战者”号失事以来已经30多年了。由since可以判断,此处用现在完成时。主语是It,故填has been。
9.lss 考查名词。由设空处前面的定冠词the可以判断此处应该填名词。lse的名词形式是lss。
10.hw 考查状语从句。句意:“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤我们,提醒我们必须继续尽我们所能地探索星球,无论它们看起来有多遥远。分析句子可知,此处n matter hw引导让步状语从句,表示“无论多么……”,所以此处填hw。
能力提升练
Ⅰ. A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章主要是关于外星人是否存在的讨论。
1.A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Frm this issue, we explre why the Search fr Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute hasn?t turned up anything since its fundatin in the 1980s. (从这一期开始,我们就来探究为什么自20世纪80年代成立以来,外星智能探索研究所一直没有发现任何东西)”可知, 外星智能探索研究所自成立以来没有任何成果,由此可推断,问Facebk的粉丝这个问题是质疑其工作效率。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据Christpher Harvey的陈述中的“By alien life, d yu mean intelligent alien life? Then dwn t Earth.(你说的外星生命是指有智力的外星生命吗?那么没有。它十分难以找到,除非它来到地球)”可知,Christpher Harvey否认了有智力的外星生物的存在,并否认了外星智慧生物曾来访地球。故选D。
3.C 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,本文是围绕一个问题的讨论,不会出现在专辑、科幻小说或者导游手册里,只可能出现在杂志上。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.issue n. (杂志等的)一期;问题;重要议题
2.turn up 找到,发现;开大,调高;到达 3.judging by 根据……判断 4.figure v. 认为;计算 n. 数字;人物 5.advanced adj. 先进的;高级的 6.intelligent adj. 聪明的;智能的
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了“玉兔二号”探测到了冯·卡门撞击坑的地下结构,并介绍了撞击坑土层的组成物质以及为何月球有一个动荡的历史。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In a scientists revealed the undergrund structure f the Vn K?rm?n crater—the area where Yutu 2 tuched dwn. (在2月26日发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一篇论文中,中国科学家揭示了“玉兔2号”着陆的区域——冯·卡门撞击坑的地下结构。)可知,探测器探测到了一个撞击坑的地下结构。故选D。A项:月面车探测了月球的大气层;B项:月面车离开了月球远端;C项:月面车用它的雷达发现了冯·卡门撞击坑。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The secnd layer, stretching anther 12 meters belw, cntains a great number f large stnes that are like “cherries in a fruitcake”(第二层再往下延伸了12米,含有大量的大石头,就像“水果蛋糕中的樱桃”)可知,陨石坑的第二层包含大的石头。故选C。
6.B 主旨大意题。第五段介绍了地层中的岩石可能是过去撞击的残余碎片,这表明月球曾遭受撞击。土壤越细,表明陨石碰撞的程度越小,岩石被分解成更小的碎片,然后在太阳辐射的作用下逐渐降解。这与第四段中的it is likely t be a vilent ne相呼应。由此可知,第五段告诉我们为什么说月球可能有一个动荡的历史。故选B。
7.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“The previus measurements indicated different layers, but they didn?t seem t have cme up with the detail abut the physical prperties f the subsurface that Chang?e 4 is prducing,” Gretchen ABC News. (澳大利亚科廷大学行星科学家Gretchen Benedix告诉美国广播公司新闻:“之前的测量结果显示出了不同的地层,但它们似乎没有得出嫦娥四号正在出示的地下物理属性的详细信息。”)可推知,Gretchen Benedix认为之前的测量成果不如嫦娥四号详细,即嫦娥四号的测量成果值得称赞。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.reveal v. 揭示 2.detect v. 探测;发觉;察觉 把……比作…… 4.be made up f 由……构成/组成 5.stretch v. 延伸;伸出;伸展 6.mixture n. 混合物;混合 7.cllisin n. 碰撞事故;冲突 8.break dwn 分解;发生故障
长难句分析
原句 It may seem like a pity that it can?t g any farther fr nw, but the truth is that the technlgy has imprved a lt since it was first used in 1972 by America?s Apll 17 rbiter t map the structure f the mn.
分析 本句是并列复合句,but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中It是形式主语,that it can?t g any farther fr nw是that引导的主语从句,作真正的主语;第二个分句中that the mn是that引导的表语从句,其中since it was first mn是since引导的时间状语从句。
句意 现在完全不能探测到更深的地方,好像有点遗憾,但事实是,自从1972年,美国“阿波罗17号”轨道飞行器首次使用它绘制月球结构图以来,这项技术已经有了很大的进步。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。当考虑把一个人放到太空时,最重要的问题之一是如何设计特殊的服装来保护这个人免受太空环境的危害。
1.B 第一段主要讲述了太空环境的危险因素,如空后讲的酷热、缺氧等。B项(太空的寒冷会在短时间内冻住皮肤)是太空环境的一项危险因素,与空后的危险因素并列,符合语境。故选B。
2.A 结合空后信息S is damage frm small pieces f rcks and bjects like meterids (流星体).可知该空仍旧是列举太空环境的危险因素,A项符合语境。
3.F 根据空前的信息词devices,并结合F项中的代词It和device等信息可以判断F项符合语境,进一步介绍空前提到的Wiley Pst设计的保护宇航员的装备。
4.C 该空是该段的主题句。空前文提到了过去宇航服的情况,结合后文和语境可知,本段讲的是现在太空防护服的情况。因此C项符合语境。
5.G 根据该空前的the kind f explratin f the planet Mars以及后一句的意思可知,此处讲的是探索火星所需宇航服的条件,因此G项符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.fierce adj. 狂暴的;恶劣的;凶猛的;猛烈的
2.severe adj. 严重的;严厉的 3.extreme adj. 极度的;极端的
4.endure v. 持续;持久;忍耐