高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Space and beyond课时练习

这是一份高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Space and beyond课时练习，共9页。试卷主要包含了undertaking n等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A team has trained a cmputer t recgnise mre than 60 different nn-verbal accents n a (仿真的) face.
2.There are many face-swapping applicatins but nne have been able t pass the security check n Alipay n matter hw (逼真的) the prtraits lk.
3.All Exp participants will need t take COVID-19 testing and temperature checks and s health declaratins.
4.The Chinese histry is great, and Chinese fd is a .
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
set ut, make cntact with, take part in, sign up fr, take in, apply fr
1.Six theatre cmpanies have been selected t this year's festival.
2.Can I this curse in advance?
3.Yu have t write applicatin letters fr each jb yu .
4.He listened t the lecture, but did nt much.
5.When yu n a lng walk, remember t wear suitable bts.
6.Prfessr Hawking said humans shuld be wary(谨慎的) f trying t alien life frms as we culd nt be sure whether they wuld be friendly r nt.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.I really think yu (shuld/culd) have a wrd with Lily. She will help yu.
2.It (will/can) be a great trip because there are s many interesting things t see.
3.We (must/have t) return by the end f February. We start wrk again in March.
4.—Culd I have a wrd with yu, Mum?
—Oh, dear, if yu (must/culd).
5.They (can/might) be away fr the weekend but I'm nt sure.
6.During the vacatin, he (shall/wuld) visit me every ther day.
7.Everyne (must/have t) keep the law.
8.I insisted that he (ught t/shuld) stay.
Ⅳ.用合适的情态动词填空
1. yu mind my trubling yu with sme questins?
2. we share the il with them?
3.Peter cme with us tnight, but he isn't very sure yet.
4.There was plenty f time. She have hurried.
5.Yu have made s many mistakes. Yu be careful next time.
6.—Must I finish the hmewrk first?
—N, yu .
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.我们昨晚本应该打扫屋子的,但我们却去听音乐会了。
We the huse last night, but we went t the cncert instead.
2.我本来可以解出这道题的,但我没有。
I the prblem, but I didn't.
3.他们今天早上很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。
They started early this mrning; they by nw.
4.你本来不必浇花的,因为天要下雨了。
Yu the flwers, fr it is ging t rain.
5.我本来会告诉你这个男孩的故事,但是你没有问我。
I yu the stry abut the by, but yu didn't ask me.
6.不管谁违反了规则都必须受到惩罚。
breaks the rule, he must be punished.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021辽宁沈阳二中高二上期末,)
Our fascinatin with Mars has never stpped. Hwever, in the early days f space explratin, visits were restricted t “fly-bys”, such as thse by Mariner Space Prbes, by means f which craft wuld simply pass the planet, taking pictures and cllecting data as they went. The Viking “rbiters” were next, and later craft in the Viking series, knwn as “Landers”, began t study the surface, equipped with instruments which cntinued t cllect data abut the envirnment until they stpped wrking.
The mre recent “Rvers” mved arund the planet's surface as they gathered infrmatin. Current prpsals include missins t study gegraphic features, climate, and sil cmpnents, in rder t determine, amng ther things, whether the planet can ever have supprted carbn-based life frms. Scientists nw believe that at sme stage the planet cled dramatically, resulting in the near-lss f its atmsphere and, thanks t the wearing away f sme surface features, mineral depsits and ther factrs, it is als believed that liquid water nce flwed here.
One f the mst famus craft is “Phenix”, which landed in Nvember 2008.Its missin was t btain samples frm beneath the surface by digging int the arctic ice while its camera prvided gelgical data and ther equipment scanned the atmsphere, measuring temperature and pressure in an attempt t discver whether the chemicals necessary fr life might exist beneath the surface. The craft was expected t send back data fr three mnths, but it managed t hld ut fr further tw. An especially imprtant part f the prject was the need t keep abslute cleanliness f the equipment in rder t ensure that any rganic material cllected was nt cntaminated by micrbes (微生物).
In the future manned landings may prbably cme true—and thugh it may seem an extremely difficult undertaking, plans have already been discussed fr the “terrafrming (行星地球化)” f the planet, giving it an atmsphere, ceans and ther elements similar t that f the earth, with, the pssibility f human settlement.
1.Accrding t the text, what is the “fly-by”?
A.A type f UFO.
B.A phtgraph f a planet.
C.A planet f the slar system.
D.A way f cllecting infrmatin.
2.Which f the fllwing is evidence f liquid water n Mars?
A.There is ice n it.
B.It nce had sme mineral depsits.
C.It nce had carbn-based life frms.
D.There are sme damaged areas n its surface.
3.What des the underlined wrd “cntaminated” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Plluted.B.Prtected.
C.Cntrlled.D.Reduced.
4.Hw des the authr feel abut human beings ging t Mars?
A.It will happen very sn.
B.It may be hard, but it's pssible.
C.It will be full f uncertainties, but it's wrth the effrts.
D.It relies n different cuntries wrking tgether.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020山东滨州五校高二联考,)
Space is a dangerus place, nt nly because f meters(流星) but als because f rays frm the sun and ther stars. The atmsphere again acts as ur 1 blanket n earth. Light gets thrugh, and this is 2 fr plants t make the fd which we eat. Heat, t, makes ur envirnments tlerable and sme ultravilet(紫外线的) rays get int the 3 . Csmic rays f varius kinds cme 4 the air frm uter space, but 5 quantities f radiatin frm the sun are screened ff. 6 men leave the atmsphere,they are 7 t this radiatin, but their spacesuits r the walls f their spacecraft, if they are inside, d 8 a lt f radiatin damage. Radiatin is the greatest knwn 9 t explrers in space. Dses(剂量) f radiatin are 10 in units called “rem(雷姆)”. We all 11 radiatin here n earth frm the sun, frm csmic rays and frm radiactive minerals. The 12 dse f radiatin that we receive each year is abut tw millirem; it 13 accrding t where yu live, and this is a very rugh 14 . Scientists have reasn t think that a man can 15 far mre radiatin withut being damaged; the figure f 60 rem has been agreed.

B.accustmed
C.simulatedD.awesme
B.invisible
C.curiusD.essential
B.atmsphere
C.space D.earth
B.in
C.frmD.by
B.varius
C.enrmus D.prper
sn asB.As lng as
C.As well as D.As far as
B.faced
C.cvered D.expsed
B.submit
C.fetch D.deliver
B.danger
C.benefitD.safety
B.suspended
C.measured D.remved
B.accept
C.bring D.catch
B.cmmn
C.general D.nrmal
B.shifts
C.cnverts D.mdifies
B.estimate
C.purpse D.stress
up with B.cme up with
C.put up with D.catch up with
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021独家原创试题,)
Many cuntries have been explring space fr many decades, 1 (particular) the US and Russia. The success f the Chang'e 5 missin marks a cnclusin f China's current lunar explratin prject.
The successful re-entry and landing f the Chang'e 5 capsule has enabled China t btain ur first lunar samples, 2 (mark) a new start fr lunar and planetary research. The primary gal f Chang'e 5 is t get things back, 3 will imprve the understanding f the state, temperature, material cntent f the mn. This infrmatin is vital t the understanding f the mn and will help in making plans fr 4 (far) explratin.
China views these effrts 5 part f the wrld's lunar explratin. Next, China plans t explre the suth ple f the mn and is cnsidering making jint effrts t build 6 universal lunar research statin. N ne knws what risks Earth will face in the future, and a “backup planet” 7 (nt find) yet. It might be 8 (cmfrt) t think abut prblems like a dmsday disaster 9 interstellar migratin(星球迁移). Still, it will be prmising fr humanity if cmpetent and respnsible cuntries, including China, cntinue t explre the 10 (mysterius) f space.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案全解全析
Unit 6 Space and beynd
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.lifelike 3.submit 4.awesme
Ⅱ part in 2.sign up fr 3.apply fr 4.take in 5.set ut 6.make cntact with
Ⅲ 2.will 3.have t 4.must 5.might 6.wuld
7.must 8.shuld
Ⅳ 句意:你介意我为了一些问题麻烦你吗? wuld在此处表示委婉的请求。
2.Shall 句意:我们和他们分油好吗?shall在此处用于第一人称,表示请示对方。
3.may 句意:彼得今晚可能和我们一起来,但他还不是很确定。may在此处表示推测,意思为“可能,或许”。
4.needn?t 句意:时间很充裕。她本不必匆忙的。needn?t have dne在此处表示“本不必做但是做了”。
5.shuld 句意:你犯了这么多错误。下次你应该仔细点。shuld在此处表示建议,意思为“应该”。
6.needn?t 句意:——我必须先完成作业吗?——不,你不必。needn?t在此处表示“不必”。
Ⅴ have cleaned 2.culd have wrked ut 3.must have arrived 4.needn?t have watered 5.wuld have tld 6.N matter wh
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类探索火星的发展和一些发现。
1.D 推理判断题。根据“fly-bys”后面的“such as thse by Mariner Space Prbes, by means f which craft wuld simply pass the planet, taking pictures and cllecting data as they went”,尤其是其中的means(方法,方式)可以推知,“fly-by”是一种方式,飞船会经过这颗行星,边走边拍照、收集数据。由此可知fly-by是一种收集信息的方式。故选D。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“thanks t the wearing away f sme surface features, mineral depsits and ther factrs, it is als believed that liquid water nce flwed here”(由于一些火星地表特征的磨损,矿物质沉淀和其他因素,人们还认为液态水曾经在这里流动)可知,火星上有液态水存在的证据是它的表面有一些磨损的地方。故选D。火星上现在仍存有矿物沉积是人们认为火星上曾有液态水存在的证据,而不是曾经有过矿物质沉积是证据,故B项不正确。
3.A 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“An especially imprtant part f the prject was the need t keep abslute cleanliness f the equipment”可知,该项目的一个特别重要的部分是需要保持设备的绝对清洁,设备绝对清洁才能确保收集到的任何有机材料不被微生物“污染”。由此推知,画线词的意思应为“污染”,和plluted同义。故选A。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the future manned landings may prbably cme true—and thugh it may seem an extremely difficult undertaking, plans have already been pssibility f human settlement.”可知,作者认为尽管人类登陆火星看起来是一项极其困难的任务,但这可能会成为现实。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.restrict v. 限制 2.by means f 用……方式
3.(be)equipped with 配备…… 4.missin n. 任务;使命;代表团 5.sample n. 样品;样本 6.equipment n. 设备;装备;器材
7.in an attempt t 为了 8.extremely adv. 非常;极其
9.undertaking n. 任务;项目
长难句分析
原句 Hwever, in the early days f space explratin, visits were restricted t “fly-bys”, such as thse by Mariner Space Prbes, by means f which craft wuld simply pass the planet, taking pictures and cllecting data as they went.
分析 本句是主从复合句。by means f went是“介词短语+which”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰“fly-bys”;taking pictures和cllecting data是现在分词短语作伴随状语;as they went是as引导的时间状语从句。
句意 然而,在太空探索的早期,探险活动仅限于“探测飞行”,比如水手号太空探测器进行的那些“探测飞行”,通过这种方式,太空船只需在运动的过程中经过行星、拍摄照片、收集数据。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。太空是一个危险的地方,不仅因为流星,也因为来自太阳和其他恒星的射线,而大气充当了我们的保护层。
1.A 太空是一个危险的地方,不仅因为流星,也因为来自太阳和其他恒星的射线。大气层又一次充当了我们的保护层。ur prtective blanket我们的保护层。
2.D 光可以穿过大气层,这是植物制造我们所吃的食物所必需的。essential必要的,基本的。
3.B 热也使我们的环境可以接受,并且一些紫外线会穿透大气层。根据上文介绍,此处应该表示紫外线穿透大气层,因此选B。
4.A 各种各样的宇宙射线从外层空间穿过空气而来。介词thrugh表示从物体内部穿过。
5.C 来自太阳的大量辐射被屏蔽了。enrmus大量的。
6.A 一旦人们离开大气层,他们就暴露在这种辐射下。as sn as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。
7.D 此处表示“暴露于这种辐射下”,be expsed t意为“暴露于”。
8.A 他们的宇航服或宇宙飞船的外壁确实阻挡了很多辐射伤害。prevent阻止,防止。
9.B 辐射是已知的太空探索者的最大危险。danger危险。
10.C 辐射剂量测量单位称为“雷姆”。 measure测量。
11.A 我们在地球上都受到来自太阳、宇宙射线和放射性矿物的辐射。receive 表示收到。
12.D 我们每年接受的正常辐射剂量约为2毫雷姆。nrmal正常的。
13.A 所处地点不同,所受辐射量也不一样。vary变化,不同。
14.B 这是一个非常粗略的估计。estimate估计。
15.C 科学家有理由相信,一个人可以忍受60雷姆的辐射而不受伤害,这个数字已经被认可。put up with忍受。
【高频词汇】 1.tlerable adj. 可容忍的,可接受的 2.radiatin n. 辐射 3.screen ff 隔开
长难句分析
原句 Space is a dangerus place, nt nly because f meters(流星) but als because f rays frm the sun and ther stars.
分析 nt als...意为“不仅……而且……”,在此处连接了两个原因状语。
句意 太空是一个危险的地方,不仅因为流星,也因为来自太阳和其他恒星的射线。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章通过简要介绍中国嫦娥五号探月工程,展示了中国以及世界对太空的不懈探索。
1.particularly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词作状语,意为“尤其是”,故填particularly。
2.marking 考查现在分词。句意:嫦娥五号太空舱的成功返回和着陆使我国获得了首批月球样本,标志着(我国)月球和行星研究的新起点。分析句子结构可知,此处作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词。故填marking。
3.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:嫦娥五号的主要目标是取回东西,这些东西将有助于人们了解月球的状态、温度和物质含量。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的things,故填which。
4.further 考查形容词的比较级。句意:该信息对了解月球是至关重要的,并将有助于制订进一步的探索计划。根据句意可知,此处表示“更进一步的,更深入的”;further有两个意思:一个是更远距离的,另一个是更进一步的,更深入的。故填further。
易错分析
该题容易误填farther。farther虽然也是far的比较级,但farther只能指具体距离上的更远的,不能表示抽象含义上的“更深入的”,故只能填further。
5.as 考查介词。句意:中国将这些努力视为世界月球探索的一部分。根据(将……看作……)这一用法可知此处应填as。
6.a 考查冠词。句意:接下来,中国计划探索月球南极,并正在考虑共同努力建立一个世界月球研究站。根据句意可知,此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,修饰可数名词“statin”,且universal以辅音音素开头, 故填a。
7.has nt been fund 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:没人知道地球未来会面临什么风险,而且“备用星球”还没有找到。根据句意及空后的yet可知此处应用现在完成时态,强调对现在的影响;a“backup planet”与find之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;and后的分句的主语是第三人称单数形式,谓语也应用第三人称单数。
8.uncmfrtable 考查形容词。句意:考虑像世界末日灾难或星际迁移这样的问题可能会让人不舒服。设空处作表语,应用形容词;再结合后文的内容,尤其是disaster和prblems这样的词可推知这是让人不开心的事情,因此要用形容词uncmfrtable。故填uncmfrtable。
9.r 考查连词。句意同上。根据空前后的内容及语境可知,此处表示“或者”,故填r。
10.mystery 考查名词。句意:不过,如果包括中国在内的有能力和负责任的国家继续探索太空的奥秘,这对人类来说将是有希望的。根据空前的the和空后的f可知此空应填名词,表示“奥秘”。故填mystery。
【高频词汇】 1.current adj. 当前的;现在的 2.explratin n. 探索;探测;探究 3.btain v. 获得 4.jint adj. 联合的;共同的
5.cmpetent adj. 有能力的;胜任的;称职的