Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world Part 3-2022版英语必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

这是一份Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world Part 3-2022版英语必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共12页。

Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment &Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.Only the manager has the 　　　(权力) to sign cheques. 
2.The teacher was sure that the students were reflecting on their replies and that they had understood the 　　　(寓意)of the story. 
3.Those pictures brought back memories of the early years of our 　　　(婚姻). 
4.After all our things were checked, to our great joy, we were 　　　(宣布) the winners. 
5.All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or 　　　(国籍). 
6.Thanks to the automobile, Americans soon had a f　　　 of movement previously unknown. 
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
let sb. down; as to; take it for granted; put forward;put another way
1.If you still keep silent, I will 　　　　　　that you imply agreement. 
2.I'm afraid your explanation isn't consistent with what you have done. 　　　　　　, you might be lying. 
3.That is what drives all of the economic proposals that he has 　　　　　　. 
4.No one has come up with a definitive answer 　　　　　　why this should be so. 
5.If you put your trust in me, I will not 　　　　　　. 
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.We need to examine all the costs 　　　　(involve) in the project first. 
2.What I didn't realize was that my first 　　　　(publish) story would open several doors. 
3.Marketing is applied 　　　　everything these days, and books are no exception. 
4.Many often believe that smaller classes would permit teachers 　　　　(give) more attention to their students. 
5.It is their 　　　　(responsible) to ensure that the rules are enforced. 
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
When I was younger, I thought science would make good things 　1　 everybody. However, it represents the　2　(destruct) of people and it puts our future at risk sometimes. What is the value of science? 
The first value is that　3　(science) knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Scientific knowledge is 　4　 enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on 　5　 to apply it. Such power 　6　(have) obvious value. Another value is the intellectual enjoyment. Thanks to the scientific effort, we have been led to imagine all 　7　(sort) of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could. Let's turn to the third value. The scientist has a lot of experience with 　8　(ignore) and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of great importance. Scientists take　9　 for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 
　10　(know) the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, scientists have responsibility to declare the value of this freedom. 
1. 　　　2. 　　　3. 　　　4. 　　　5. 　　　 
6. 　　　7. 　　　8. 　　　9. 　　　10. 　　　 

能力提升练
Ⅰ.完形填空
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

(2021江苏宜兴高一下期中调研,)
Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician. He once said that if he hadn't been a scientist, he would have been a 　1　. “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me,” he said. “I get most 　2　 in life out of music.” 
Einstein's mother was a talented pianist who 　3　 music to the family life. Einstein began to learn to play the 　4　 at the age of six. He worked hard until he 　5　 the joys of Mozart's sonatas (奏鸣曲) at the age of 13. From that 　6　 on, although he had no further lessons, his violin 　7　 his companion. 
When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have 　8　 much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music 　9　 in the school, and the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the 　10　 felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great 　11　 in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, 　12　, loved to improvise(即兴创作). 
Late in life, Einstein's reputation as a physicist often led to 　13　 to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the 　14　 that comes nearest to Einstein comes from his friend Janos Plesch, who wrote “There are many musicians with much 　15　 technique, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” 
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
1.A.physician B.musician
C.politician D.reporter
2.A.joy B.money
C.idea D.energy
3.A.played B.sent
C.created D.brought
4.A.violin B.piano
C.knowledge D.game
5.A.loved B.tracked
C.discovered D.confirmed
6.A.location B.space
C.access D.point
7.A.turned B.remained
C.appeared D.seemed
8.A.devoted B.spent
C.lost D.wasted
9.A.performance B.presentation
C.exhibition D.examination
10.A.hardly B.deeply
C.carelessly D.honestly
11.A.skill B.patience
C.care D.courage
12.A.after all B.in particular
C.at large D.by accident
13.A.contributions B.applications
C.invitations D.prizes
14.A.reaction B.destination
C.summary D.instruction
15.A.broader B.funnier
C.wilder D.better
Ⅱ.语法填空

(2021 辽宁建平高一下月考,)
When the action movie Wolf WarriorⅡ broke China's box-office record in 2017, a less prominent(显眼的) figure unexpectedly left a strong 　1　 (impress)on the audience—a military(军事的) scientist 　2　(call) Dr. Chen who developed a vaccine(疫苗) for a deadly virus spreading across Africa. 
In 2015, a real military scientist Dr. Chen Wei 　3　(send) from China to Africa to fight against the deadly Ebola. The only difference between the two figures is 　4　 the real Dr. Chen is “she”. 
When SARS broke out in China in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team isolated the virus and identified the cause of the disease without delay. 　5　 (luck), the efforts devoted by them had prevented about 14,000 front-line medical workers 　6　 getting infected. 
After SARS, the forward-looking woman shifted her attention to Ebola　7　 claimed(夺去) over 10,000 lives worldwide. In 2015, she and her team went to Sierra Leone and started their second phase of clinical experiments. After countless trials and errors, her vaccine has proven safe and effective, and been widely administered(供给) to staff assigned to help people in Africa. 
From SARS and Ebola to COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent much of her time 　8　(fight) against life-threatening viruses. “We do not have any other choices but 　9　(win),” she said. And she made 　10　. 
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 
Ⅲ.读后续写

(2021河北邢台高一下开学考,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jackson,now a successful architect in New York City, comes back to his father's small wooden house that is on an island in the middle of a lake in New Hampshire. Jackson is fond of fishing. And he often takes his son and daughters fishing in the same place, where he used to fish when he was a child. His children are addicted to the fishing joy, which reminds him of the day 34 years ago.
34 years ago, Jackson was 11 years old and lived with his family on this island. On the day before the bass season opened, Jackson and his father were fishing early in the evening, catching sunfish. When his fishing rod doubled over, he knew something huge was on the other end.
He very carefully lifted the fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
The boy and his father looked at the handsome fish, its gills playing back and forth in the moonlight. The father lit a match and looked at his watch. It was 10 pm—two hours before the season opened. He looked at the huge fish, then at the boy.
“You'll have to put the fish back, son,” he said.
“Dad!” cried the boy.
“There will be other fish,” said his father.
“Not as big as this one,” the boy cried and shouted.
He looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were anywhere around in the moonlight. He looked again at his father. Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what time he caught the fish, the boy could tell from his father's voice clearly that the decision couldn't be changed.
The father patted him slightly on his shoulder and sincerely taught him, “My boy, rules are simple matters of right and wrong. It is the practice of rules that is difficult, but it's your choice.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Jackson found himself in a difficult situation.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
Paragraph 2:
Do we do right when no one is looking?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 

答案全解全析
Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world
Part 3　Extended reading, Project,
Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.authority　2.moral　3.marriage　4.declared　5.nationality
6.freedom
Ⅱ.1.take it for granted　2.Put another way　3.put forward　4.as to　5.let you down
Ⅲ.1.involved　考查过去分词。句意:我们首先需要审查与这一项目有关的所有费用。be involved in为固定搭配,意为“涉及,与……有关”,此处作后置定语,故填involved。
2.published　考查过去分词。句意:我没有意识到的是,我发表的第一个故事会为我打开好几扇门。publish与story之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。
3.to　考查介词。句意:现在市场营销用于任何事物,图书也不例外。apply...to...把……运用到……中,此处为其被动形式,故填to。
4.to give　考查动词用法。句意: 许多人往往认为小班授课可以让老师更多地关注学生。permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,故用不定式作宾补。
5.responsibility　考查名词。句意:他们有责任确保规定的执行。形容词性物主代词后接名词,根据their可知,空处用名词形式。
Ⅳ.1.for　考查介词。句意:在我比较年轻的时候,我认为科学会给每个人带来好处。介词for表示“为……”,符合语境。
2.destruction　考查名词。冠词后接名词,根据定冠词the可知,空处用名词形式。destruction为不可数名词,空前有the表特指,故填destruction。
3.scientific　考查形容词。形容词修饰名词,空处修饰名词knowledge,故用形容词形式。
4.an　考查冠词。此处指科学知识是一种能使人行善或作恶的力量。power在此处是可数名词,空处泛指一种力量,故用不定冠词;enabling发音以元音音素开头,故用an。
5.how　考查疑问副词。根据语境可知,该处指“如何应用它”,故用how。
6.has　考查时态和主谓一致。该句陈述的是事实,故用一般现在时;该句主语为Such power,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填has。
7.sorts　考查名词的单复数。sort表示“种类,类别”时为可数名词,all sorts of为固定短语,意为“各种各样的”。
8.ignorance　考查名词。根据空前的介词with和空后的and doubt and uncertainty可知,空处用名词形式。ignorance为不可数名词,故填ignorance。
9.it　考查代词。take it for granted that...认为……理所当然。it为形式宾语,that从句是真正的宾语。
10.Knowing　考查现在分词。动词know与其逻辑主语scientists之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了科学家爱因斯坦还是一名有天赋的音乐家,讲述他对音乐的热爱以及音乐技巧的高超。
1.B　physician内科医生;musician音乐家;politician政治家;reporter记者。根据上文Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician.可知,本空应该是音乐家,故选B项。
2.A　根据上文Life without playing music is unthinkable for me可推断,音乐是爱因斯坦生活中最大的乐趣,故选A项。
3.D　根据上文Einstein's mother was a talented pianist可知,是爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到了家庭生活中,故选D项。
4.A　根据下文although he had no further lessons, his violin 　7　 his companion可知,本句中应是小提琴,故选A项。 
5.C　音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣,所以“发现”乐趣符合语境,故选C项。
6.D　location位置;space空间;access通道;point时刻。根据上文until he　5　the joys of Mozart's sonatas at the age of 13可知,从那个时候起,小提琴一直陪伴着他,故选D项。 
7.B　turn变成;remain保持;appear出现;seem似乎。根据上文although he had no further lessons可知,上下文是转折关系,所以是他的小提琴一直陪伴着他,故选B项。
8.A　根据下文much of his time to music可知,此处指把时间用于音乐,devote...to...意为“把……献给……”,符合语境,故选A项。
9.D　performance表演;presentation展示会;exhibition展览;examination考试。 根据下文the examiner可知,应该是音乐考试,故选D项。
10.B　hardly几乎不;deeply深刻地;carelessly粗心地;honestly诚实地。根据文章末尾who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling可知,此处指表演得非常出色,感人至深,故选B项。
11.A　根据上文a student called Einstein shone in the 　10　 felt performance可知,本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧,故选A项。 
12.B　after all毕竟;in particular尤其;at large一般地;by accident偶然地。根据上文In addition to his great　11　in playing the violin, he also played the piano可知,本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐天赋,“尤其”更符合语境,故选B项。 
13.C　contribution贡献;application申请;invitation邀请;prize奖品。根据下文perform at benefit concerts可知,此处指受邀请去演奏,故选C项。
14.C　reaction反应;destination目的地;summary总结;instruction说明。根据下文There are many musicians with much　15　 technique, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.可知,此处是对爱因斯坦音乐才能的总结,故选C项。 
15.D　broader更广泛的;funnier更滑稽的;wilder更狂热的;better更好的。这里对比爱因斯坦和其他音乐家的技巧,并且前后是转折关系,所以应该是“更好的”,故选D项。
【高频词汇】　1.outstanding adj.杰出的　2.enthusiastic adj.满腔热忱的　3.companion n.伴侣　4.in addition to除了……之外(还有)　5.reputation n.声誉
长难句分析
原句　Probably the summary that comes nearest to Einstein comes from his friend Janos Plesch, who wrote “There are many musicians with much better technique, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”
分析　该句为主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词summary,两个who都引导定语从句,分别修饰先行词Janos Plesch和none。
译文　也许最接近爱因斯坦的总结来自他的朋友Janos Plesch,他写道:“有很多音乐家的技巧比他好得多,但我相信,没有一个人演奏得比他更真诚或更有感情。”
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国杰出的军事女科学家陈薇博士的事迹。
1. impression　考查名词。句意:当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录时,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为在非洲蔓延的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。不定冠词a后应用名词形式,leave a strong impression on sb.“给某人留下很深的印象”。故填impression。
2. called　考查过去分词。句意见上题。a military scientist和call之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
3. was sent　考查时态和语态。句意:2015年,一位真正的军事科学家陈薇博士被从中国派往非洲抗击致命的埃博拉病毒。设空处作谓语,根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时;Dr. Chen Wei 和send之间是被动关系,应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sent。
4. that　考查表语从句的引导词。句意:这两个人物之间唯一的区别是:真正的陈博士是“她”。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导表语从句,从句不缺少任何成分且句意完整,应用that引导。故填that。
5. Luckily　考查副词。句意:幸运的是,他们付出的努力防止了大约14,000名前线的医务人员被感染。设空处修饰整个句子,应该用副词形式,由句意可知此处表示“幸运的是”,故填Luckily。
6. from　考查介词。句意见上题。 prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填from。
7. which/that　考查定语从句的关系词。句意:在非典之后,这位具有前瞻性的女性将她的注意力转向夺去了全世界超过10,000人生命的埃博拉病毒。分析句子结构可知,　7　 claimed over 10,000 lives worldwide是定语从句,先行词是Ebola,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which或that引导。 
8. fighting　考查动名词。句意:从非典、埃博拉到新冠肺炎,陈博士花了很多的时间与威胁生命的病毒抗争。spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故填fighting。
9. to win　考查动词不定式。句意:她说:“除了赢,我们没有任何其他选择。”have no choice but to do意为“除了做……之外别无选择”,故填to win。
10. it　考查固定短语。句意:她做到了。 make it意为“获得成功”,符合语境。故填it。
【高频词汇】　1.figure n.人物　2.leave an impression on...给……留下印象　3.break out爆发　4.infect v.感染　5.effective adj.有效的　6.assign v.指派　7.make it获得成功
长难句分析
原句　When the action movie Wolf WarriorⅡ broke China's box-office record in 2017, a less prominent figure unexpectedly left a strong impression on the audience—a military scientist called Dr. Chen who developed a vaccine for a deadly virus spreading across Africa.
分析　该句为主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句;a military scientist...作a less prominent figure的同位语;called...为过去分词短语作后置定语;who引导定语从句,修饰先行词Dr. Chen;spreading...为现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰a deadly virus。
译文　当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录时,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为在非洲蔓延的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。
Ⅲ.
写作指导

Time
34 years ago when Jackson was 11 years old
Place
on an island in the middle of the lake in New Hampshire
Character
Jackson and his father
Reason
Jackson went fishing with his dad. He caught a really big bass, but his dad asked him to put it back because of the close season.

Beginning
Jackson时常带着孩子们回到父亲居住地,孩子们都喜欢钓鱼,这使他想起了小时候与父亲一起钓鱼的时光。
Development
Jackson和父亲一起钓鱼,他钓到了一条非常大的鲈鱼,但父亲却因为还差两小时才到鲈鱼开渔期而要求他把鱼放生。
续表
写作指导

Jackson found himself in a difficult situation.
①Jackson想要干什么?
②最终Jackson决定如何做?
Do we do right when no one is looking?
①Jackson从这件事中学到了什么?
②我们应该如何做呢?
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Jackson found himself in a difficult situation. He really wanted to keep this largest bass in the depth of his heart. However, his father was so determined that he had no choice but to give up. Tears welling up in his eyes, he tried to hold them back but it was useless. He took a final look at the fish as if he were saying goodbye, and then he slowly put the huge bass back into the lake.
Paragraph 2:
Do we do right when no one is looking? I think that if we had been taught to put the fish back when we were young, we would have learned the truth. The decision to do right remains fresh and pleasant in our memory. It's nothing about others but only about ourselves, as well as our honesty. It's not about how we have a chance to break the rules when nobody is watching, but about how we do the right thing and make the right choice.