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全书综合测评-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）
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这是一份全书综合测评-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共19页。
全书综合测评
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Food Parts You Should Never
Throw Away in the Garbage
Pineapple Cores
When you cut the core of a pineapple, don't throw it in the garbage. You can use the pineapple core for all kinds of recipes, and there are tons of vitamins and minerals hiding within. To use the pineapple core: chop it and add it to fruit salad, blend it with smoothies, cut it into cubes and freeze for later use, or simply add it to water or even tea to improve flavor.
Kiwi Skin
If you never think you could eat a kiwi in the way you eat a peach, think again. That skin really is good for you and contains a lot of vitamin C, and in fact, it's also higher in fiber than the rest of the fruit. Of course, that rough, ugly skin isn't for everyone, so if you don't like it, try adding a whole kiwi to a smoothie to hide the taste of the skin.
Banana Peel
Most of us eat the banana without giving the soft peel a second thought. Here's why that's a mistake: banana peel contains the tryptophan(色氨酸), which increases “the happiness hormone” to help with the mood regulation and nerve system. There are a few creative ways to use the peel. Cook or boil for at least 10 minutes to soften. You can add it to smoothies, stir-fries, or soups. And, for a treat, simply slice and bake a banana with the skin on.
Watermelon Skin and Seeds
The delicious, red inside makes for a refreshing snack or juice, but you're able to get some powerful nutrients in the skin and seeds as well. Cut the white part under the green outside and use it in your cooking. It has vitamin C and B6, to keep you healthy. As for the seeds, you can roast them in the oven. Then add them to salads or to nut snacks.
1.Which of the following has a larger amount of fiber than other parts of the fruit?
A.Pineapple cores.
B.Kiwi skin.
C.Banana peel.
D.Watermelon skin and seeds.
2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.All the food above can be added to smoothies.
B.Kiwi skin can be roasted in the oven.
C.Banana peel can help lift people's moods.
D.The green part of watermelon has vitamin C and B6.
3.Where can we most probably read this text?
A.In botany instructions.
B.In medicine brochures.
C.In a fruitarian's recipe.
D.In a nutrition report.
B
I moved to the United States as a teenager. The adjustment to a new place was difficult. But there was major stress in my life at that time:I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on. However, there was another universal language I loved to learn as a child: art.
Although I connected myself with drawing and painting while in school, I didn't take art as a path to a career. Since my dad always said, “Think about the future”, I did not think he would support the study of art once I went to college. But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested it that urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools.
I was admitted into industrial design. It's basically to design products and services. I could be doing something more technical or something more related to problem-solving. It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making. In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month, which led me to question myself: “Wow! Do I really want to do this?” But I finally survived the course.
Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior(室内) design company. I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design, apart from which I enjoy developing public art in my free time.
Throughout my career, I've picked up different things along the way. The best way to learn in my opinion is through working. Therefore, you can get as many projects as possible. Industrial design kind of makes you an all-round person.
4.What was the author's biggest problem when first moving to America?
A.The adaption to a new environment.
B.Difficulty in learning a new language.
C.The burden of being a communicator.
D.Father's disapproval of her studying art.
5.What made the author choose to study art?
A.Her deep love for art.
B.The need of a good job.
C.Her potential in design.
D.The suggestion of her family.
6.Why was the author's experience of drawing cubes mentioned?
A.To emphasize her effort as a student.
B.To prove the course was difficult.
C.To express the regret at her choice.
D.To show the basic content of the course.
7.How did the author feel when she mentioned her career?
A.Content. B.Stressed.
C.Eager. D.Surprised.
C
For centuries, people have kept large amounts of cash at home during difficult times. But during the novel coronavirus(冠状病毒)crisis, things are different. Metal coins and paper bills can be a source of worry rather than hope.
The fear is that these objects, possibly touched by thousands of people, could provide a way for the coronavirus to spread. Public officials and health experts have said that the risk is small.Still, some businesses refuse to accept cash and some countries have suggested that their citizens should stop using it altogether.
Zachary Cohle is an economics professor at Quinnipiac University in Connecticut. “In many areas, cash was already beginning to disappear due to the increasing risk of robbery, the ease of Internet ordering, and the ubiquity(无处不在)of cell phones,” he said. “Sweden, Finland, Norway, Canada and others have slowly reduced cash use to the point where using it in large amounts seems unusual. Britain and Australia are expected to become cashless countries. And in China, cash use has dropped as electronic payment services have increased in popularity over the past ten years.”
“Cash ist Fesch” is a common saying in Austria and southern Germany. The words mean cash is beautiful. But since the outbreak of the virus, shops that have remained open there, like grocery stores, have encouraged people to pay with cards.And Germany's central bank said 43 percent of Germans recently paid for goods and services with a card. The Bank of Japan estimates that cash makes up for 53 percent of household assets (财产). But the threat of the coronavirus could move the country toward going cashless, said Hiroki Maruyama, head of the nonprofit Fintech Association of Japan. He added, “The culture is slowly changing.”
However, cash use is still common in places like West and Central Africa, where many are too poor to pay for the cost of banking services. Dorothy Harpool teaches at Wichita State University's W. Frank Barton School of Business. Harpool thought some people would rethink their use of cash during the crisis, but she said the world would not be cashless until everyone and every country could have reliable access to the Internet.
8.Why is cash regarded as a source of worry?
A.Cash can't be used during the crisis.
B.Some countries refuse to accept cash.
C.It's risky to keep a lot of cash at home.
D.Cash may carry viruses after being used.
9.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The disadvantages of paying in cash.
B.The introduction to cashless countries.
C.The present situation of cash use worldwide.
D.The increasing popularity of electronic payment.
10.What do we know from the example of Germany and Japan?
A.Shops in Germany only take cash because it's beautiful.
B.The Japanese are changing their traditional attitudes to cash.
C.More than half of the Japanese prefer to put cash in the bank.
D.Less than half of the Germans still like to pay for goods in cash.
11.Why is it impossible for the world to be cashless according to Harpool?
A.The Internet is not available in all the countries.
B.The habit of paying in cash is hard to change.
C.The virus crisis will last for a long time.
D.People in Africa can't afford the banking services.
D
Elon Musk, perhaps the world's most famous businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the boundaries of believability.
On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI), starting from the design of “neural lace (神经织网)”, a net of thin electrodes (电极) that can capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation (植入) of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the process has to be automated.
Mr. Musk's team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Its presentation includes videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs “threads”, and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.
With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someone's ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on in the right way. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive.
Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by the sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.
12.We can learn from the first two paragraphs that .
A.electrodes should be flexible to extend our life
B.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas
C.neural lace is used to store information from the brain
D.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons
13.What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Useful. B.Common.
C.Professional. D.Appropriate.
14.What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?
A.Convincing people to accept the surgery.
B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.
C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.
D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.
15.What is the best title of this passage?
A.The Neural Lace, a New Type of BMI
B.Elon Musk, the Hero of Human Beings
C.Artificial Intelligence, the Way to Survive
D.A Brain Implant, a Step to Control Machines
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It sounds like something from science fiction — a space journey into the vast expanse of space, heading towards Mars. While we're not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is: 16
The space race saw the USA and USSR compete to achieve firsts in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else. 17 Now it appears that Mars is the heaven body of desire. While the reputation and bragging (吹嘘) rights to be the first nation to touchdown is an obvious draw, there are other reasons we want to get there.
18 You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable planet. While Mars doesn't have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the concept of terraforming (外星环境的地球化)—changing the environment of a planet to suit our needs.
However, not everyone agrees. 19 He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth.
It seems that the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life. 20 Now seemingly dead, the potential fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet. One theory is that bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was transferred via asteroids (小行星) from Mars.
A.And the US landed on the Moon first.
B.The leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them.
C.One of these could be the survival of our species.
D.why are so many countries interested in going to Mars?
E.It has been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life.
F.Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reason enough.
G.may landing on Mars inspire more people to become interested in science?
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was envious of my friends who got to stay at school for lunch. They 21 the same things as the characters in our favorite TV shows. The meals we ate at home were different. One day, a classmate asked what I ate for lunch. I 22 feeling like I'd been caught. Like most days, we'd had fried rice. “Sandwiches,” I lied. My face felt hot as I turned away, 23 she wouldn't ask anything more.
Still, there was one day of the year when Mom made an 24 and we were allowed to stay at school for lunch. Every year, there was Chinese Day at the cafeteria to 25 Chinese New Year. “The school is honoring our heritage (传统),” Mom would say. The first Chinese Day lunch I can 26 was when I was about six. I had 27 this day for weeks. When the bell rang for lunch, I rushed to the cafeteria. As I stood in line, I imagined the 28 that had been waiting for us.
There would be 29 , surely—every Chinese New Year meal included fish. I could explain to my friends what Mom had told us: the 30 for “fish” in Chinese sounded like another word meaning abundance. There would be chicken, too, probably with the head still on, because a 31 chicken for Chinese New Year represented wholeness.
The line was slowly moving forward until 32 it was my turn. The cafeteria worker passed me my plate and I looked down. I barely 33 anything. All I did was sit there, confused. They called this “Chinese” lunch, but why had I never 34 it before? Those first few bites, I realized later, were my 35 to Chinese-Canadian cuisine.
21.A.ate B.mixed C.kept D.bought
22.A.quit B.froze C.fell D.changed
23.A.figuring B.agreeing
C.hoping D.regretting
24.A.excuse B.exception
C.impression D.appointment
25.A.create B.save C.celebrate D.guide
26.A.remember B.discover C.order D.serve
27.A.put up with B.looked out for
C.come up with D.looked forward to
28.A.program B.meal C.seat D.guest
29.A.chicken B.beef C.bacon D.fish
30.A.price B.search C.need D.word
31.A.healthy B.whole C.smart D.noisy
32.A.immediately B.usually
C.finally D.recently
33.A.improved B.understood
C.observed D.recognized
34.A.seen B.missed C.used D.read
35.A.introduction B.solution
C.instruction D.application
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today I will share a true story about an overseas student 36 studied in Germany.
After years of hard work, this student graduated with 37 (amaze) achievements. Everyone was sure that he was going to get a good job 38 (easy) and have a bright future. But to his surprise, he was not even given the chance of 39 interview! It was the third time that he 40 (refuse). He couldn't help 41 (telephone) the company to ask why they didn't want him. The answer was simple—“We don't offer jobs to dishonest people in Germany.”
You might wonder what was wrong. The truth is that shortly after he arrived in Germany, this clever student found that it was easy 42 (skip)buying subway tickets in this country. So in order to save money, he often went into the subway 43 a ticket. As a result, he had been caught many times.
From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits in dishonest ways, 44 the truth will come out sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember that 45 (dishonest) may lead to failure. We must be honest. It is a rule.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国好友Mark在孔子学院(Confucius Institute)主办的“汉语桥(Chinese Bridge)”节目中荣获一等奖。请给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.表示祝贺;
2.好奇Mark如何将中文学得那么好;
3.希望收到回复。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Devi looked through the observation window at the kids below, all waiting in line to get into the pool. She turned to her mother with an angry look on her face. “Mom, they're all little kids! This is ridiculous!”
“I know, Devi,” replied her mother, “but you're a beginner, too, and you have to start somewhere!”
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. Between schoolwork and helping on her grandfather's farm, she hadn't had time for lessons. The closest swimming pool Devi had been to was the inflatable (充气的) pool her mother bought her when she was five. Now that Devi was older, her mother had found a new job in the city, and Devi faced a new challenge—school field trips to the local pool.
The first day that Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no idea what she was in for. What could be so difficult about swimming? Devi confidently slipped into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the bottom with her feet. But when Devi let go of the side of the pool, she slipped under the water—the whole pool was one big deep end! Devi moved her arm with a lot of force toward the side of the pool and grabbed the cement ledge(壁架), taking quick deep breaths with her open mouth.
“I really can't swim! Everyone's going to laugh at me!” she thought to herself in panic.
On the next field trip to the pool, Devi sat on the side on a bench, paralyzed with fear. She huddled(蜷缩) with a towel over her shoulders, too embarrassed to try again. When she came home, her mother noticed right away that Devi was upset. “Honey, I made a call to the local pool, and you start lessons this weekend, so you'll learn how to swim just like everyone else,” she told Devi confidently. Devi felt doubtful that lessons would help, but she had to overcome her fear.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
When the time came to take her first lesson, Devi watched the younger kids all jump into the pool.
Paragraph 2:
At the very moment, a swimming instructor came over to where she sat.
答案全解全析
全书综合测评
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.B
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.B
11.A
12.B
13.B
14.A
15.A
16.D
17.A
18.C
19.B
20.E
21.A
22.B
23.C
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.B
29.D
30.D
31.B
32.C
33.D
34.A
35.A
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了不应该被扔掉的四种水果部位。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句That skin really is good for you and contains a lot of vitamin C, and in fact, it?s also higher in fiber than the rest of the fruit.可知,猕猴桃的果皮的纤维含量比其他部位高。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Here?s why that?s a mistake: banana peel contains the tryptophan(色氨酸), which increases “the happiness hormone” to help with the mood regulation and nerve system.可知,香蕉皮能调节情绪。故选C项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章中反复出现的四种水果部位具有的维生素、矿物质、高纤维等营养物质可知,本文在介绍这些水果部位的营养价值,所以此篇文章应该能在营养报告上找到。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.add...to... 将……添加到…… 2.refreshing adj. 使人凉爽的;别具一格的
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家人的建议下选择艺术设计作为自己的专业,在工作中克服了很多困难,成了设计师的故事。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的But there was major stress in my life at that time: I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on.可知,作者刚到美国时最大的问题是作为家人与外界的沟通者的压力,因为家里只有作者会说英语。C项(担任交流者的重担)符合以上说法,故选C项。A:对新环境的适应;B:学习一门新语言的困难;D:父亲不赞成她学习艺术。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested it that urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools.可知,作者是在父母的建议下选择了学习艺术。故选D项。A:她对艺术深深的热爱;B:好工作的需要;C:她在设计方面的潜力。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making. In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month可推测,作者提到整整画了一个月的立方体是为了证明这门课程很难。故选B项。
7.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior design company. I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design可知作者现在是著名公司的设计战略家,且经验丰富。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者在工作中学到了很多东西,工作使作者成为一个全能的人。由此推测作者在谈到自己的工作时很满意。A项(满意的)符合语境,故选A项。B:焦虑不安的;C:渴望的;D:惊讶的。
【高频词汇】 1.adjustment n. 调整,适应 2.deal with 处理;与……打交道 3. universal adj. 通用的,普遍的 4. apply to 申请 5. be admitted into 接收 6.(be) related to 与……有关
7.survive v. (在困境中)坚持下来 8.apart from 除了……外
9.pick up (不费力地)学会 10.adaption n. 适应
长难句分析
原句 ...I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on.
分析 本句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词member;现在分词短语meaning...作结果状语,其中when we...and so on为when引导的时间状语从句。
句意 ……我是我家里唯一说英语的人,这意味着在与店员、服务员等打交道时,我必须挺身而出。
C
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新冠肺炎的爆发使得人们更少使用现金,更多地使用信用卡和电子支付。
8.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的The fear is that these objects, possibly touched by thousands of people, could provide a way for the coronavirus to spread.(令人担心的是,这些可能被数千人接触过的物品可能会为冠状病毒传播提供途径。)可知,现金被认为是一个令人担忧的来源,因为现金在使用后可能携带病毒。故选D。A项(在危机期间不能使用现金。)表述错误。根据Still, some businesses refuse to accept cash and some countries have suggested that their citizens should stop using it altogether.可知B项不正确。C项(把大量现金放在家里是有风险的)在文中未提及。
9.C 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中的Sweden, Finland, Norway, Canada and others have slowly reduced cash use...as electronic payment services have increased in popularity over the past ten years.(瑞典、芬兰、挪威、加拿大和其他国家逐渐减少了现金的使用,以至于大量使用现金显得不寻常。英国和澳大利亚有望成为无现金国家。并且在中国,随着电子支付服务在过去十年的日益普及,现金的使用也在下降。)可知,第三段主要讲述的是全球现金使用的现状。故选C。
10.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的But the threat of the coronavirus could move the country toward going cashless, said Hiroki Maruyama, head of the nonprofit Fintech Association of Japan. He added, “The culture is slowly changing.”可知,日本人正在改变他们对现金的传统态度。故选B。A:德国的商店只接受现金,因为它很漂亮。在文中未提及;根据The Bank of Japan estimates that cash makes up for 53 percent of household assets (财产).可知C不正确。根据And Germany?s central bank said 43 percent of Germans recently paid for goods and services with a card.可知D不正确。
11.A 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的Harpool thought some people would rethink their use of cash during the crisis, but she said the world would not be cashless until everyone and every country could have reliable access to the Internet.[Harpool认为一些人会在危机期间重新考虑现金的使用,但她说,在每个人、每个国家都能可靠地接入互联网之前,世界不会变成无现金的(世界)。]可知,根据Harpool的说法,世界上没有现金是不可能的,因为互联网不是在所有的国家都可以使用。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.due to 由于 2.estimate v. 估计,估算 3.threat n. 威胁 4.reliable adj. 可依赖的 5.have access to 使用或见到……的机会
长难句分析
原句 Sweden, Finland, Norway, Canada and others have slowly reduced cash use to the point where using it in large amounts seems unusual.
分析 本句是主从复合句,where引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词the point。
句意 瑞典、芬兰、挪威、加拿大和其他国家已经慢慢减少了现金的使用,以至于大量使用现金似乎不正常。
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Elon Musk提出的新型脑机交互的想法,并从现今研究成果和未来应用前景方面进行了详细说明。
12.B 推理判断题。根据第一段Elon Musk...has a habit of making statements that stretch the boundaries of believability.(Elon Musk也许是世界上最著名的商人,他有一个习惯,他发表的言论超出了可信度的范围。)和第二段中的On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)(2019年7月16日,他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法)可知Elon Musk经常能提出前所未闻的想法,B项符合题意。故选B项。根据However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time.可知A错误;根据“neural lace (神经织网)”, a net of thin electrodes (电极) that can capture the information from the brain.可知C错误;D文章中没有提及。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的They designed a small device that would sit behind someone?s ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on in the right way.可知,现在设计的小设备安装在人的耳后,从植入芯片中收集信号,然后以合适的方式传递下去。这表明现在的应用较为复杂。画线词所在句表述为几年后,意在与现在形成对比关系,表明这项技术会变得更为普遍和简易。通过分析选项可知,B项common“普遍的”符合题意。故选B项。A:有用的;C:专业的;D:适当的,恰当的。
14.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery可知,最大的阻碍可能不是写软件,而是说服人们做必要的外科手术,意在表明BMI最艰难的部分是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A项。同时排除C;B:研发手术设备;D:通知人们手术成功。
15.A 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)可知2019年7月16日,他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法。接下来全文围绕新型脑机交互(BMI)进行说明,因此可知A项“神经织网,一种新型的脑机交互”切题。故选A项。B:埃隆·马斯克,人类的英雄;C:人工智能,生存之道;D:大脑植入是控制机器的一步。
【高频词汇】 1.stretch v. 伸展 2.unexpected adj. 意料之外的
3.capture v. 俘获 4.interpret v. 说明,解释 5.barrier n. 障碍物
长难句分析
原句 Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。Though引导让步状语从句;在让步状语从句中含有as引导的非限制性定语从句;that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains是同位语从句,解释说明idea的内容。
句意 尽管正如这一声明所显示的,Musk先生确实有把自己塑造成人类英雄的习惯,但至少有些机器将直接受人类大脑控制的想法似乎是有可能实现的。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章分析了为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣。
16.D 根据上文“While we?re not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is[虽然我们还没有完全准备好把一个人送上(火星的)陆地,但我们今天要问的问题是]”可知,此处会是一个疑问句,内容与登陆火星有关。再结合全文内容尤其是第二段中的there are other reasons we want to get there可知全文讲的是人们想要登陆火星的原因。选项D“why are so many countries interested in going to Mars? (为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣?)”是疑问句且与文章主题相关,符合题意。故选D。
17.A 根据上文“The space race saw the USA and USSR compete to achieve firsts in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else.(在太空竞赛中,美国和苏联竞相实现太空飞行的第一。苏联首先发射了人造卫星Sputnik 1号)”可知,此处内容与美国在太空方面的领先有关,选项A“And the US landed on the Moon first. (美国第一个登陆月球)”符合题意。故选A。
18.C 根据上文第二段最后“there are other reasons we want to get there”可知下文要说明“其他原因”是什么。根据下文“You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable planet. (你只需要看看恐龙的化石残骸,就能看到寻找另一个宜居星球的好处)”可知,本段与寻找宜居星球有关。结合空处上下文可推知此处是说人们想要登陆火星的原因之一是寻找宜居星球,即为了人类的生存。选项C 中the survival of our species 对应下一句中的fossilized remains of the dinosaurs,选项C中的One of these对应第二段中的other reasons。选项C“One of these could be the survival of our species. (其中原因之一可能是我们人类的生存)”符合题意。故选C。
19.B 根据下文“He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth. (他说,当我们可以简单地改造地球时,因为我们对地球的破坏而改变另一个星球的宜居性的概念是没有意义的)”可知,此处内容与有反对的人有关,下一句中的代词He指的是选项B中的Neil Tyson。选项B“The leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them. (杰出天体物理学家Neil Tyson就是他们中的一个)”符合题意。故选B。
20.E 根据上文“It seems that the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial life. (主要原因似乎是为了寻找地球外的生命)”可知,此处内容与地球外的生命有关,选项E“It has been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life. (人们相信火星曾经有过丰富的生命)”符合题意,且选项E中的at one time 对应下一句中的Now seemingly dead。故选E。
【高频词汇】 1. science fiction 科幻小说 2.expanse n. 宽阔;广阔的地域 3.artificial adj. 人工的 4.reputation n. 名声,名誉 5.habitable adj. 可居住的;适于居住的 6.suit one?s needs 满足某人的需求 7.make no sense 没意义 8.abundant adj. 丰富的
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。在加拿大生活的作者每天都吃妈妈做的中式菜肴,一次在学校食堂吃中餐的经历让作者意识到外国人眼中的中餐与作者吃的中餐大相径庭。
21.A 根据envious和lunch可知,作者的朋友们“吃(ate)”着和他们最喜爱的电视节目里的人物一样的东西,而作者在家吃的东西则是不同的。
22.B 根据feeling like I?d been caught可知,作者一直很介意自己和朋友们吃的东西不一样,所以当有人问作者午饭吃了什么时,作者“愣住了(froze)”。
23.C 作者转向别处是“希望(hoping)”同学别再问下去。
24.B 根据we were allowed to stay at school for lunch 可知,每年有一天妈妈会“破例(made an exception)”让孩子们在学校吃午饭。
25.C 根据 The school is honoring our heritage可知,学校餐厅每年都有一天“中国日”,以“庆祝(celebrate)”中国的春节。
26.A 作者能“记起(remember)”的第一次中国日午餐发生在作者六岁时。
27.D 根据I rushed to the cafeteria 可知,作者“盼望(looked forward to)”这天的到来。
28.B 根据下段中的fish和chicken可知,作者想象一直在等待着他们的“食物(meal)”。
29.D 根据every Chinese New Year meal included fish可知 ,作者很肯定会有“鱼(fish)”。
30.D 作者想把妈妈告诉自己的话解释给朋友们听:在汉语中,鱼这个“字(word)”的发音和表示充裕的另一个字(余)相同。
31.B 根据 probably with the head still on和represented wholeness 可 知 ,一只“完整的(whole)”鸡象征着圆满。
32.C 根据slowly moving forward可知,“终于(finally)”轮到了作者。
33.D 根据 They called this “Chinese” lunch可知,作者几乎不“认识(recognized)”盘子里的东西,只能困惑地坐在那里。
34.A 作者不明白既然这些食物被称作“中式”午餐, 自己为什么之前从未“见过(seen)”。
35.A 作者后来才意识到那最初的几口饭是作者对加式中国菜的“首次体验(introduction)”。
【高频词汇】 1.envious adj. 羡慕的,嫉妒的 2.honor v. 尊重
3.abundance n. 富裕;丰富 4.represent v. 代表
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个在德国留学的学生的故事,作者想告诉我们诚实的重要性。
36.who/that 考查定语从句。句意:今天,我将分享一个关于一个在德国学习的海外留学生的真实故事。此处为限制性定语从句,先行词为student,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,可用who或that引导。故填who或that。
37.amazing 考查形容词。句意:经过多年的努力,这个学生毕业时取得了令人惊叹的成绩。achievements为名词,需用一个形容词且翻译为“令人吃惊的”来修饰,应使用以-ing结尾的形容词。故填amazing。
38.easily 考查副词。句意:每个人都确信他会很容易得到一个好的工作,有一个光明的未来。此处修饰动词词组get a good job,应使用副词,easy的副词形式为easily。故填easily。
39.an 考查冠词。句意:但令他惊讶的是,他甚至没有得到一个面试的机会。此处泛指“一个面试的机会”,interview以元音音素开头,应使用不定冠词an。故填an。
40.had been refused 考查时态和语态。句意:这是他第三次被拒绝。it was the...time that sb. had done sth.“这是某人第几次做某事”,为固定结构,且he与refuse之间为逻辑上的被动关系。故填had been refused。
41.telephoning 考查非谓语动词。句意:他忍不住给那家公司打电话,问他们为什么不想要他。can?t help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。故填telephoning。
42.to skip 考查非谓语动词。句意:事实是,在这个聪明的学生到达德国不久后,他发现在这个国家逃地铁票很容易。it在从句作形式主语,真正的主语为to skip buying subway tickets in this country。故填to skip。
43.without 考查介词。句意:所以为了省钱,他经常不买票就进入地铁。结合语境推断,他没有票乘地铁。without“没有”。故填without。
44.but 考查连词。句意:从这个故事中,我们了解到,我们可能会以不诚实的方式获得短期利益,但真相迟早会出现,而且代价高昂。由句意可知,设空处前后之间有明显的转折关系。故填but。
45.dishonesty 考查名词。句意:所以记住,不诚实可能导致失败。分析句子可知,设空处在从句中作主语,结合句意可知,此处为“不诚实”的名词形式。故填dishonesty。
【高频词汇】 1.overseas adj. 海外的 2.interview n.& v. 采访,面试 3.benefit n. 利益,好处
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mark,
Hearing that you have won first prize in the program Chinese Bridge hosted by the Confucius Institute, I felt extremely proud of you. Congratulations!
It came as no surprise that you won the contest, because your proficiency in the Chinese language as well as your deep devotion to the Chinese culture has left a deep impression on me. I wonder how you have become such an excellent Chinese learner. Would you please share your stories of learning Chinese?
I?d appreciate it if you could write me soon. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【写作指导】
Place
at a swimming pool
Characters
Devi, her mother, some kids and an instructor
Event
Devi was afraid of swimming.
Devi小时候,由于家里条件所限,没有机会学习游泳,稍长大些,有了条件,在学习游泳的过程中,却出现了尴尬的怕水现象,在妈妈的鼓励下,Devi报名参加游泳课。
Para. 1
When the time came to take her first lesson, Devi watched the younger kids all jump into the pool.
①What was Devi?s feeling when she saw this?
②What did Devi do then?
Para. 2
At the very moment, a swimming instructor came over to where she sat.
①What did the swimming instructor say to Devi?
②How did Devi react to the swimming instructor?
续写
线索
焦虑——退缩——求助——得到帮助——增强自信
行为类
退缩:shrink back/dare not advance
求助:seek some help/turn to sb. for help
得到帮助:get help/be given assistance
情绪类
焦虑:feel very anxious/be worried
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
When the time came to take her first lesson, Devi watched the younger kids all jump into the pool. She was even more embarrassed than before and felt very anxious, thinking, “I?m 13, but I?m more scared of the water than they are — this is hopeless!” Devi slowly walked to the side of the pool and sat down with her legs swinging loosely in the water, and looked around seeking some help.
Paragraph 2:
At the very moment, a swimming instructor came over to where she sat. She said to Devi, “Hi, Devi! I?m Angela, your swimming instructor. I?ll bet you feel a little strange here with all these young kids, right?” Devi nodded her head silently, flushing with embarrassment. “You know what, Devi?” Angela said in a soft voice. “I didn?t begin to learn to swim until I was 20 years old!” Devi was astonished, “Wow! Didn?t you feel stupid?” “Of course I did,” Angela said with a big smile. “But I really wanted to swim, and I?ll bet you do, too.” Devi couldn?t help but smile, realizing that she would surely have fun trying.
全书综合测评
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Food Parts You Should Never
Throw Away in the Garbage
Pineapple Cores
When you cut the core of a pineapple, don't throw it in the garbage. You can use the pineapple core for all kinds of recipes, and there are tons of vitamins and minerals hiding within. To use the pineapple core: chop it and add it to fruit salad, blend it with smoothies, cut it into cubes and freeze for later use, or simply add it to water or even tea to improve flavor.
Kiwi Skin
If you never think you could eat a kiwi in the way you eat a peach, think again. That skin really is good for you and contains a lot of vitamin C, and in fact, it's also higher in fiber than the rest of the fruit. Of course, that rough, ugly skin isn't for everyone, so if you don't like it, try adding a whole kiwi to a smoothie to hide the taste of the skin.
Banana Peel
Most of us eat the banana without giving the soft peel a second thought. Here's why that's a mistake: banana peel contains the tryptophan(色氨酸), which increases “the happiness hormone” to help with the mood regulation and nerve system. There are a few creative ways to use the peel. Cook or boil for at least 10 minutes to soften. You can add it to smoothies, stir-fries, or soups. And, for a treat, simply slice and bake a banana with the skin on.
Watermelon Skin and Seeds
The delicious, red inside makes for a refreshing snack or juice, but you're able to get some powerful nutrients in the skin and seeds as well. Cut the white part under the green outside and use it in your cooking. It has vitamin C and B6, to keep you healthy. As for the seeds, you can roast them in the oven. Then add them to salads or to nut snacks.
1.Which of the following has a larger amount of fiber than other parts of the fruit?
A.Pineapple cores.
B.Kiwi skin.
C.Banana peel.
D.Watermelon skin and seeds.
2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.All the food above can be added to smoothies.
B.Kiwi skin can be roasted in the oven.
C.Banana peel can help lift people's moods.
D.The green part of watermelon has vitamin C and B6.
3.Where can we most probably read this text?
A.In botany instructions.
B.In medicine brochures.
C.In a fruitarian's recipe.
D.In a nutrition report.
B
I moved to the United States as a teenager. The adjustment to a new place was difficult. But there was major stress in my life at that time:I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on. However, there was another universal language I loved to learn as a child: art.
Although I connected myself with drawing and painting while in school, I didn't take art as a path to a career. Since my dad always said, “Think about the future”, I did not think he would support the study of art once I went to college. But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested it that urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools.
I was admitted into industrial design. It's basically to design products and services. I could be doing something more technical or something more related to problem-solving. It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making. In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month, which led me to question myself: “Wow! Do I really want to do this?” But I finally survived the course.
Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior(室内) design company. I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design, apart from which I enjoy developing public art in my free time.
Throughout my career, I've picked up different things along the way. The best way to learn in my opinion is through working. Therefore, you can get as many projects as possible. Industrial design kind of makes you an all-round person.
4.What was the author's biggest problem when first moving to America?
A.The adaption to a new environment.
B.Difficulty in learning a new language.
C.The burden of being a communicator.
D.Father's disapproval of her studying art.
5.What made the author choose to study art?
A.Her deep love for art.
B.The need of a good job.
C.Her potential in design.
D.The suggestion of her family.
6.Why was the author's experience of drawing cubes mentioned?
A.To emphasize her effort as a student.
B.To prove the course was difficult.
C.To express the regret at her choice.
D.To show the basic content of the course.
7.How did the author feel when she mentioned her career?
A.Content. B.Stressed.
C.Eager. D.Surprised.
C
For centuries, people have kept large amounts of cash at home during difficult times. But during the novel coronavirus(冠状病毒)crisis, things are different. Metal coins and paper bills can be a source of worry rather than hope.
The fear is that these objects, possibly touched by thousands of people, could provide a way for the coronavirus to spread. Public officials and health experts have said that the risk is small.Still, some businesses refuse to accept cash and some countries have suggested that their citizens should stop using it altogether.
Zachary Cohle is an economics professor at Quinnipiac University in Connecticut. “In many areas, cash was already beginning to disappear due to the increasing risk of robbery, the ease of Internet ordering, and the ubiquity(无处不在)of cell phones,” he said. “Sweden, Finland, Norway, Canada and others have slowly reduced cash use to the point where using it in large amounts seems unusual. Britain and Australia are expected to become cashless countries. And in China, cash use has dropped as electronic payment services have increased in popularity over the past ten years.”
“Cash ist Fesch” is a common saying in Austria and southern Germany. The words mean cash is beautiful. But since the outbreak of the virus, shops that have remained open there, like grocery stores, have encouraged people to pay with cards.And Germany's central bank said 43 percent of Germans recently paid for goods and services with a card. The Bank of Japan estimates that cash makes up for 53 percent of household assets (财产). But the threat of the coronavirus could move the country toward going cashless, said Hiroki Maruyama, head of the nonprofit Fintech Association of Japan. He added, “The culture is slowly changing.”
However, cash use is still common in places like West and Central Africa, where many are too poor to pay for the cost of banking services. Dorothy Harpool teaches at Wichita State University's W. Frank Barton School of Business. Harpool thought some people would rethink their use of cash during the crisis, but she said the world would not be cashless until everyone and every country could have reliable access to the Internet.
8.Why is cash regarded as a source of worry?
A.Cash can't be used during the crisis.
B.Some countries refuse to accept cash.
C.It's risky to keep a lot of cash at home.
D.Cash may carry viruses after being used.
9.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The disadvantages of paying in cash.
B.The introduction to cashless countries.
C.The present situation of cash use worldwide.
D.The increasing popularity of electronic payment.
10.What do we know from the example of Germany and Japan?
A.Shops in Germany only take cash because it's beautiful.
B.The Japanese are changing their traditional attitudes to cash.
C.More than half of the Japanese prefer to put cash in the bank.
D.Less than half of the Germans still like to pay for goods in cash.
11.Why is it impossible for the world to be cashless according to Harpool?
A.The Internet is not available in all the countries.
B.The habit of paying in cash is hard to change.
C.The virus crisis will last for a long time.
D.People in Africa can't afford the banking services.
D
Elon Musk, perhaps the world's most famous businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the boundaries of believability.
On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI), starting from the design of “neural lace (神经织网)”, a net of thin electrodes (电极) that can capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation (植入) of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the process has to be automated.
Mr. Musk's team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Its presentation includes videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs “threads”, and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.
With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someone's ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on in the right way. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive.
Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by the sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.
12.We can learn from the first two paragraphs that .
A.electrodes should be flexible to extend our life
B.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas
C.neural lace is used to store information from the brain
D.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons
13.What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Useful. B.Common.
C.Professional. D.Appropriate.
14.What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?
A.Convincing people to accept the surgery.
B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.
C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.
D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.
15.What is the best title of this passage?
A.The Neural Lace, a New Type of BMI
B.Elon Musk, the Hero of Human Beings
C.Artificial Intelligence, the Way to Survive
D.A Brain Implant, a Step to Control Machines
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It sounds like something from science fiction — a space journey into the vast expanse of space, heading towards Mars. While we're not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is: 16
The space race saw the USA and USSR compete to achieve firsts in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else. 17 Now it appears that Mars is the heaven body of desire. While the reputation and bragging (吹嘘) rights to be the first nation to touchdown is an obvious draw, there are other reasons we want to get there.
18 You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable planet. While Mars doesn't have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the concept of terraforming (外星环境的地球化)—changing the environment of a planet to suit our needs.
However, not everyone agrees. 19 He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth.
It seems that the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life. 20 Now seemingly dead, the potential fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet. One theory is that bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was transferred via asteroids (小行星) from Mars.
A.And the US landed on the Moon first.
B.The leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them.
C.One of these could be the survival of our species.
D.why are so many countries interested in going to Mars?
E.It has been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life.
F.Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reason enough.
G.may landing on Mars inspire more people to become interested in science?
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was envious of my friends who got to stay at school for lunch. They 21 the same things as the characters in our favorite TV shows. The meals we ate at home were different. One day, a classmate asked what I ate for lunch. I 22 feeling like I'd been caught. Like most days, we'd had fried rice. “Sandwiches,” I lied. My face felt hot as I turned away, 23 she wouldn't ask anything more.
Still, there was one day of the year when Mom made an 24 and we were allowed to stay at school for lunch. Every year, there was Chinese Day at the cafeteria to 25 Chinese New Year. “The school is honoring our heritage (传统),” Mom would say. The first Chinese Day lunch I can 26 was when I was about six. I had 27 this day for weeks. When the bell rang for lunch, I rushed to the cafeteria. As I stood in line, I imagined the 28 that had been waiting for us.
There would be 29 , surely—every Chinese New Year meal included fish. I could explain to my friends what Mom had told us: the 30 for “fish” in Chinese sounded like another word meaning abundance. There would be chicken, too, probably with the head still on, because a 31 chicken for Chinese New Year represented wholeness.
The line was slowly moving forward until 32 it was my turn. The cafeteria worker passed me my plate and I looked down. I barely 33 anything. All I did was sit there, confused. They called this “Chinese” lunch, but why had I never 34 it before? Those first few bites, I realized later, were my 35 to Chinese-Canadian cuisine.
21.A.ate B.mixed C.kept D.bought
22.A.quit B.froze C.fell D.changed
23.A.figuring B.agreeing
C.hoping D.regretting
24.A.excuse B.exception
C.impression D.appointment
25.A.create B.save C.celebrate D.guide
26.A.remember B.discover C.order D.serve
27.A.put up with B.looked out for
C.come up with D.looked forward to
28.A.program B.meal C.seat D.guest
29.A.chicken B.beef C.bacon D.fish
30.A.price B.search C.need D.word
31.A.healthy B.whole C.smart D.noisy
32.A.immediately B.usually
C.finally D.recently
33.A.improved B.understood
C.observed D.recognized
34.A.seen B.missed C.used D.read
35.A.introduction B.solution
C.instruction D.application
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today I will share a true story about an overseas student 36 studied in Germany.
After years of hard work, this student graduated with 37 (amaze) achievements. Everyone was sure that he was going to get a good job 38 (easy) and have a bright future. But to his surprise, he was not even given the chance of 39 interview! It was the third time that he 40 (refuse). He couldn't help 41 (telephone) the company to ask why they didn't want him. The answer was simple—“We don't offer jobs to dishonest people in Germany.”
You might wonder what was wrong. The truth is that shortly after he arrived in Germany, this clever student found that it was easy 42 (skip)buying subway tickets in this country. So in order to save money, he often went into the subway 43 a ticket. As a result, he had been caught many times.
From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits in dishonest ways, 44 the truth will come out sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember that 45 (dishonest) may lead to failure. We must be honest. It is a rule.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国好友Mark在孔子学院(Confucius Institute)主办的“汉语桥(Chinese Bridge)”节目中荣获一等奖。请给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.表示祝贺;
2.好奇Mark如何将中文学得那么好;
3.希望收到回复。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Devi looked through the observation window at the kids below, all waiting in line to get into the pool. She turned to her mother with an angry look on her face. “Mom, they're all little kids! This is ridiculous!”
“I know, Devi,” replied her mother, “but you're a beginner, too, and you have to start somewhere!”
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. Between schoolwork and helping on her grandfather's farm, she hadn't had time for lessons. The closest swimming pool Devi had been to was the inflatable (充气的) pool her mother bought her when she was five. Now that Devi was older, her mother had found a new job in the city, and Devi faced a new challenge—school field trips to the local pool.
The first day that Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no idea what she was in for. What could be so difficult about swimming? Devi confidently slipped into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the bottom with her feet. But when Devi let go of the side of the pool, she slipped under the water—the whole pool was one big deep end! Devi moved her arm with a lot of force toward the side of the pool and grabbed the cement ledge(壁架), taking quick deep breaths with her open mouth.
“I really can't swim! Everyone's going to laugh at me!” she thought to herself in panic.
On the next field trip to the pool, Devi sat on the side on a bench, paralyzed with fear. She huddled(蜷缩) with a towel over her shoulders, too embarrassed to try again. When she came home, her mother noticed right away that Devi was upset. “Honey, I made a call to the local pool, and you start lessons this weekend, so you'll learn how to swim just like everyone else,” she told Devi confidently. Devi felt doubtful that lessons would help, but she had to overcome her fear.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
When the time came to take her first lesson, Devi watched the younger kids all jump into the pool.
Paragraph 2:
At the very moment, a swimming instructor came over to where she sat.
答案全解全析
全书综合测评
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.B
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.B
11.A
12.B
13.B
14.A
15.A
16.D
17.A
18.C
19.B
20.E
21.A
22.B
23.C
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.B
29.D
30.D
31.B
32.C
33.D
34.A
35.A
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了不应该被扔掉的四种水果部位。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句That skin really is good for you and contains a lot of vitamin C, and in fact, it?s also higher in fiber than the rest of the fruit.可知,猕猴桃的果皮的纤维含量比其他部位高。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Here?s why that?s a mistake: banana peel contains the tryptophan(色氨酸), which increases “the happiness hormone” to help with the mood regulation and nerve system.可知,香蕉皮能调节情绪。故选C项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章中反复出现的四种水果部位具有的维生素、矿物质、高纤维等营养物质可知,本文在介绍这些水果部位的营养价值,所以此篇文章应该能在营养报告上找到。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.add...to... 将……添加到…… 2.refreshing adj. 使人凉爽的;别具一格的
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家人的建议下选择艺术设计作为自己的专业,在工作中克服了很多困难,成了设计师的故事。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的But there was major stress in my life at that time: I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on.可知,作者刚到美国时最大的问题是作为家人与外界的沟通者的压力,因为家里只有作者会说英语。C项(担任交流者的重担)符合以上说法,故选C项。A:对新环境的适应;B:学习一门新语言的困难;D:父亲不赞成她学习艺术。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested it that urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools.可知,作者是在父母的建议下选择了学习艺术。故选D项。A:她对艺术深深的热爱;B:好工作的需要;C:她在设计方面的潜力。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making. In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month可推测,作者提到整整画了一个月的立方体是为了证明这门课程很难。故选B项。
7.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior design company. I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design可知作者现在是著名公司的设计战略家,且经验丰富。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者在工作中学到了很多东西,工作使作者成为一个全能的人。由此推测作者在谈到自己的工作时很满意。A项(满意的)符合语境,故选A项。B:焦虑不安的;C:渴望的;D:惊讶的。
【高频词汇】 1.adjustment n. 调整,适应 2.deal with 处理;与……打交道 3. universal adj. 通用的,普遍的 4. apply to 申请 5. be admitted into 接收 6.(be) related to 与……有关
7.survive v. (在困境中)坚持下来 8.apart from 除了……外
9.pick up (不费力地)学会 10.adaption n. 适应
长难句分析
原句 ...I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on.
分析 本句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词member;现在分词短语meaning...作结果状语,其中when we...and so on为when引导的时间状语从句。
句意 ……我是我家里唯一说英语的人,这意味着在与店员、服务员等打交道时,我必须挺身而出。
C
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新冠肺炎的爆发使得人们更少使用现金,更多地使用信用卡和电子支付。
8.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的The fear is that these objects, possibly touched by thousands of people, could provide a way for the coronavirus to spread.(令人担心的是,这些可能被数千人接触过的物品可能会为冠状病毒传播提供途径。)可知,现金被认为是一个令人担忧的来源,因为现金在使用后可能携带病毒。故选D。A项(在危机期间不能使用现金。)表述错误。根据Still, some businesses refuse to accept cash and some countries have suggested that their citizens should stop using it altogether.可知B项不正确。C项(把大量现金放在家里是有风险的)在文中未提及。
9.C 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中的Sweden, Finland, Norway, Canada and others have slowly reduced cash use...as electronic payment services have increased in popularity over the past ten years.(瑞典、芬兰、挪威、加拿大和其他国家逐渐减少了现金的使用,以至于大量使用现金显得不寻常。英国和澳大利亚有望成为无现金国家。并且在中国,随着电子支付服务在过去十年的日益普及,现金的使用也在下降。)可知,第三段主要讲述的是全球现金使用的现状。故选C。
10.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的But the threat of the coronavirus could move the country toward going cashless, said Hiroki Maruyama, head of the nonprofit Fintech Association of Japan. He added, “The culture is slowly changing.”可知,日本人正在改变他们对现金的传统态度。故选B。A:德国的商店只接受现金,因为它很漂亮。在文中未提及;根据The Bank of Japan estimates that cash makes up for 53 percent of household assets (财产).可知C不正确。根据And Germany?s central bank said 43 percent of Germans recently paid for goods and services with a card.可知D不正确。
11.A 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的Harpool thought some people would rethink their use of cash during the crisis, but she said the world would not be cashless until everyone and every country could have reliable access to the Internet.[Harpool认为一些人会在危机期间重新考虑现金的使用,但她说,在每个人、每个国家都能可靠地接入互联网之前,世界不会变成无现金的(世界)。]可知,根据Harpool的说法,世界上没有现金是不可能的,因为互联网不是在所有的国家都可以使用。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.due to 由于 2.estimate v. 估计,估算 3.threat n. 威胁 4.reliable adj. 可依赖的 5.have access to 使用或见到……的机会
长难句分析
原句 Sweden, Finland, Norway, Canada and others have slowly reduced cash use to the point where using it in large amounts seems unusual.
分析 本句是主从复合句,where引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词the point。
句意 瑞典、芬兰、挪威、加拿大和其他国家已经慢慢减少了现金的使用,以至于大量使用现金似乎不正常。
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Elon Musk提出的新型脑机交互的想法,并从现今研究成果和未来应用前景方面进行了详细说明。
12.B 推理判断题。根据第一段Elon Musk...has a habit of making statements that stretch the boundaries of believability.(Elon Musk也许是世界上最著名的商人,他有一个习惯,他发表的言论超出了可信度的范围。)和第二段中的On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)(2019年7月16日,他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法)可知Elon Musk经常能提出前所未闻的想法,B项符合题意。故选B项。根据However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time.可知A错误;根据“neural lace (神经织网)”, a net of thin electrodes (电极) that can capture the information from the brain.可知C错误;D文章中没有提及。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的They designed a small device that would sit behind someone?s ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on in the right way.可知,现在设计的小设备安装在人的耳后,从植入芯片中收集信号,然后以合适的方式传递下去。这表明现在的应用较为复杂。画线词所在句表述为几年后,意在与现在形成对比关系,表明这项技术会变得更为普遍和简易。通过分析选项可知,B项common“普遍的”符合题意。故选B项。A:有用的;C:专业的;D:适当的,恰当的。
14.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery可知,最大的阻碍可能不是写软件,而是说服人们做必要的外科手术,意在表明BMI最艰难的部分是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A项。同时排除C;B:研发手术设备;D:通知人们手术成功。
15.A 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)可知2019年7月16日,他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法。接下来全文围绕新型脑机交互(BMI)进行说明,因此可知A项“神经织网,一种新型的脑机交互”切题。故选A项。B:埃隆·马斯克,人类的英雄;C:人工智能,生存之道;D:大脑植入是控制机器的一步。
【高频词汇】 1.stretch v. 伸展 2.unexpected adj. 意料之外的
3.capture v. 俘获 4.interpret v. 说明,解释 5.barrier n. 障碍物
长难句分析
原句 Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。Though引导让步状语从句;在让步状语从句中含有as引导的非限制性定语从句;that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains是同位语从句,解释说明idea的内容。
句意 尽管正如这一声明所显示的,Musk先生确实有把自己塑造成人类英雄的习惯,但至少有些机器将直接受人类大脑控制的想法似乎是有可能实现的。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章分析了为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣。
16.D 根据上文“While we?re not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is[虽然我们还没有完全准备好把一个人送上(火星的)陆地,但我们今天要问的问题是]”可知,此处会是一个疑问句,内容与登陆火星有关。再结合全文内容尤其是第二段中的there are other reasons we want to get there可知全文讲的是人们想要登陆火星的原因。选项D“why are so many countries interested in going to Mars? (为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣?)”是疑问句且与文章主题相关,符合题意。故选D。
17.A 根据上文“The space race saw the USA and USSR compete to achieve firsts in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else.(在太空竞赛中,美国和苏联竞相实现太空飞行的第一。苏联首先发射了人造卫星Sputnik 1号)”可知,此处内容与美国在太空方面的领先有关,选项A“And the US landed on the Moon first. (美国第一个登陆月球)”符合题意。故选A。
18.C 根据上文第二段最后“there are other reasons we want to get there”可知下文要说明“其他原因”是什么。根据下文“You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable planet. (你只需要看看恐龙的化石残骸,就能看到寻找另一个宜居星球的好处)”可知,本段与寻找宜居星球有关。结合空处上下文可推知此处是说人们想要登陆火星的原因之一是寻找宜居星球,即为了人类的生存。选项C 中the survival of our species 对应下一句中的fossilized remains of the dinosaurs,选项C中的One of these对应第二段中的other reasons。选项C“One of these could be the survival of our species. (其中原因之一可能是我们人类的生存)”符合题意。故选C。
19.B 根据下文“He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth. (他说,当我们可以简单地改造地球时,因为我们对地球的破坏而改变另一个星球的宜居性的概念是没有意义的)”可知,此处内容与有反对的人有关,下一句中的代词He指的是选项B中的Neil Tyson。选项B“The leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them. (杰出天体物理学家Neil Tyson就是他们中的一个)”符合题意。故选B。
20.E 根据上文“It seems that the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial life. (主要原因似乎是为了寻找地球外的生命)”可知,此处内容与地球外的生命有关,选项E“It has been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life. (人们相信火星曾经有过丰富的生命)”符合题意,且选项E中的at one time 对应下一句中的Now seemingly dead。故选E。
【高频词汇】 1. science fiction 科幻小说 2.expanse n. 宽阔;广阔的地域 3.artificial adj. 人工的 4.reputation n. 名声,名誉 5.habitable adj. 可居住的;适于居住的 6.suit one?s needs 满足某人的需求 7.make no sense 没意义 8.abundant adj. 丰富的
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。在加拿大生活的作者每天都吃妈妈做的中式菜肴,一次在学校食堂吃中餐的经历让作者意识到外国人眼中的中餐与作者吃的中餐大相径庭。
21.A 根据envious和lunch可知,作者的朋友们“吃(ate)”着和他们最喜爱的电视节目里的人物一样的东西,而作者在家吃的东西则是不同的。
22.B 根据feeling like I?d been caught可知,作者一直很介意自己和朋友们吃的东西不一样,所以当有人问作者午饭吃了什么时,作者“愣住了(froze)”。
23.C 作者转向别处是“希望(hoping)”同学别再问下去。
24.B 根据we were allowed to stay at school for lunch 可知,每年有一天妈妈会“破例(made an exception)”让孩子们在学校吃午饭。
25.C 根据 The school is honoring our heritage可知,学校餐厅每年都有一天“中国日”,以“庆祝(celebrate)”中国的春节。
26.A 作者能“记起(remember)”的第一次中国日午餐发生在作者六岁时。
27.D 根据I rushed to the cafeteria 可知,作者“盼望(looked forward to)”这天的到来。
28.B 根据下段中的fish和chicken可知,作者想象一直在等待着他们的“食物(meal)”。
29.D 根据every Chinese New Year meal included fish可知 ,作者很肯定会有“鱼(fish)”。
30.D 作者想把妈妈告诉自己的话解释给朋友们听:在汉语中,鱼这个“字(word)”的发音和表示充裕的另一个字(余)相同。
31.B 根据 probably with the head still on和represented wholeness 可 知 ,一只“完整的(whole)”鸡象征着圆满。
32.C 根据slowly moving forward可知,“终于(finally)”轮到了作者。
33.D 根据 They called this “Chinese” lunch可知,作者几乎不“认识(recognized)”盘子里的东西,只能困惑地坐在那里。
34.A 作者不明白既然这些食物被称作“中式”午餐, 自己为什么之前从未“见过(seen)”。
35.A 作者后来才意识到那最初的几口饭是作者对加式中国菜的“首次体验(introduction)”。
【高频词汇】 1.envious adj. 羡慕的,嫉妒的 2.honor v. 尊重
3.abundance n. 富裕;丰富 4.represent v. 代表
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个在德国留学的学生的故事,作者想告诉我们诚实的重要性。
36.who/that 考查定语从句。句意:今天,我将分享一个关于一个在德国学习的海外留学生的真实故事。此处为限制性定语从句,先行词为student,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,可用who或that引导。故填who或that。
37.amazing 考查形容词。句意:经过多年的努力,这个学生毕业时取得了令人惊叹的成绩。achievements为名词,需用一个形容词且翻译为“令人吃惊的”来修饰,应使用以-ing结尾的形容词。故填amazing。
38.easily 考查副词。句意:每个人都确信他会很容易得到一个好的工作,有一个光明的未来。此处修饰动词词组get a good job,应使用副词,easy的副词形式为easily。故填easily。
39.an 考查冠词。句意:但令他惊讶的是,他甚至没有得到一个面试的机会。此处泛指“一个面试的机会”,interview以元音音素开头,应使用不定冠词an。故填an。
40.had been refused 考查时态和语态。句意:这是他第三次被拒绝。it was the...time that sb. had done sth.“这是某人第几次做某事”,为固定结构,且he与refuse之间为逻辑上的被动关系。故填had been refused。
41.telephoning 考查非谓语动词。句意:他忍不住给那家公司打电话,问他们为什么不想要他。can?t help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。故填telephoning。
42.to skip 考查非谓语动词。句意:事实是,在这个聪明的学生到达德国不久后,他发现在这个国家逃地铁票很容易。it在从句作形式主语,真正的主语为to skip buying subway tickets in this country。故填to skip。
43.without 考查介词。句意:所以为了省钱,他经常不买票就进入地铁。结合语境推断,他没有票乘地铁。without“没有”。故填without。
44.but 考查连词。句意:从这个故事中,我们了解到,我们可能会以不诚实的方式获得短期利益,但真相迟早会出现,而且代价高昂。由句意可知,设空处前后之间有明显的转折关系。故填but。
45.dishonesty 考查名词。句意:所以记住,不诚实可能导致失败。分析句子可知,设空处在从句中作主语,结合句意可知,此处为“不诚实”的名词形式。故填dishonesty。
【高频词汇】 1.overseas adj. 海外的 2.interview n.& v. 采访,面试 3.benefit n. 利益,好处
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mark,
Hearing that you have won first prize in the program Chinese Bridge hosted by the Confucius Institute, I felt extremely proud of you. Congratulations!
It came as no surprise that you won the contest, because your proficiency in the Chinese language as well as your deep devotion to the Chinese culture has left a deep impression on me. I wonder how you have become such an excellent Chinese learner. Would you please share your stories of learning Chinese?
I?d appreciate it if you could write me soon. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【写作指导】
Place
at a swimming pool
Characters
Devi, her mother, some kids and an instructor
Event
Devi was afraid of swimming.
Devi小时候,由于家里条件所限,没有机会学习游泳,稍长大些,有了条件,在学习游泳的过程中,却出现了尴尬的怕水现象,在妈妈的鼓励下,Devi报名参加游泳课。
Para. 1
When the time came to take her first lesson, Devi watched the younger kids all jump into the pool.
①What was Devi?s feeling when she saw this?
②What did Devi do then?
Para. 2
At the very moment, a swimming instructor came over to where she sat.
①What did the swimming instructor say to Devi?
②How did Devi react to the swimming instructor?
续写
线索
焦虑——退缩——求助——得到帮助——增强自信
行为类
退缩:shrink back/dare not advance
求助:seek some help/turn to sb. for help
得到帮助:get help/be given assistance
情绪类
焦虑:feel very anxious/be worried
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
When the time came to take her first lesson, Devi watched the younger kids all jump into the pool. She was even more embarrassed than before and felt very anxious, thinking, “I?m 13, but I?m more scared of the water than they are — this is hopeless!” Devi slowly walked to the side of the pool and sat down with her legs swinging loosely in the water, and looked around seeking some help.
Paragraph 2:
At the very moment, a swimming instructor came over to where she sat. She said to Devi, “Hi, Devi! I?m Angela, your swimming instructor. I?ll bet you feel a little strange here with all these young kids, right?” Devi nodded her head silently, flushing with embarrassment. “You know what, Devi?” Angela said in a soft voice. “I didn?t begin to learn to swim until I was 20 years old!” Devi was astonished, “Wow! Didn?t you feel stupid?” “Of course I did,” Angela said with a big smile. “But I really wanted to swim, and I?ll bet you do, too.” Devi couldn?t help but smile, realizing that she would surely have fun trying.
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