Unit 1　Food matters Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment &Further study

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.In the 1980s, the Internet was a distant 　　　(概念) for most of the world. 

2.The book was written in a style 　　　(合适的) to the children.  

3.The matches were 　　　(潮湿的) and he couldn't make them strike. 

4.Rural areas are a major issue 　　　(极其重要的) to the overall situation that deserves the high attention of the whole Party. 

5. Don't spoil your 　　　(胃口) by eating between meals. 

6. One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a 　　　(精细的) operation, he quickly recovered his sight. 

7.China has avoided an economic recession in 2020 and is in fact 　　　(估计) to see a growth of 2% this year. 

8. My parents always wear 　　　(朴素的) clothes—they lead a simple life. 

9.It is said that the bridge was built in the Ming D　　　. 

10.Don't put that glass so near the e　　　 of the table. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

let sth. loose;hit the spot;fall apart;appeal to;in particular

1. Is there anything you would like 　　　　　　for dinner? 

2. Others 　　　　　　under pressure, while a few people do well despite the pressure. 

3.While walking the dog, you should take care not to 　　　　　　. Otherwise, it may be dangerous for strangers. 

4.After the football match, I drank a cup of cola and it really 　　　　　　. 

5. This kind of software for English study 　　　　　　a lot of students who are weak in oral English. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1. The flight was called off because of the 　　　　(fog) weather. 

2. It's high time that we placed great 　　　　(emphasize) on the improvement of food safety. 

3.His reaction to her visit is mixed;it is a 　　　　(mix) of excitement and worry. 

4.Central authorities should support Hainan's daring reforms and 　　　　(innovate), pushing for new achievements in the construction of the port. 

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.据说罗伯特在国外学习过,但我不知道他在哪个国家学习。

Robert is said 　　　　　　　　　abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in. 

2. 人们认为她当时在实验室做实验。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　she was doing the experiment in the lab. 

3. 他进步如此快,以至于老师们对他感到很满意。

He has made 　　　　　　　　　　　　the teachers are very satisfied with him. 

4.关于钱,重要的是我们用它做什么。

　　　 　　　about money is what we do with it. 

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

　　Sichuan hot pots, Nanjing salted duck and Cantonese dim sum are the 　1　(tradition) Chinese foods. 

Sichuan hot pots are believed 　2　(invent) in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River　3　(keep) warm during the cold and wet winters. Gradually, it ranges from simple delicious dishes by 　4　(boil)vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water 　5　 multiple options of soups, vegetables,meats and sauces,appealing to people of different tastes. 

Nanjing's most famous food export is salted duck, 　6　 is juicy and salty. 　7　 takes several days to prepare each Nanjing salted duck.A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised it, 　8　(say) it was without equal.  

In Guangzhou, morning tea is　9　essential part of the daily routine. Today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate　10　 (customer) appetite with more than a thousand offerings, with each more delicate and delicious. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020北京第二中学通州校区高一期末,)

Culture and Cuisine

The United States is known for jazz and blue jeans. But travel to Paris and ask an average French citizen about American cuisine and he's likely to answer, “McDonalds.” Ask any American citizen on any American street the same thing and I'm afraid you'd get the same answer, or something close to it.

Hamburgers, hot dogs and fries are all fine, but with American malls and other outlets standardizing everything from clothing to food, the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneous—all the same—no matter where you live. True, many Americans are eating more multiple foods these days, but these are largely the cuisines of immigrant groups, and they are quite likely to be affected by homogenization of American cuisine.

So what exactly is American cuisine? Well, to some extent it is a reflection of our melting pot culture, meaning that Europeans made huge contributions in the form of wheat, dairy products, pork, beef and poultry. But American cuisine also includes products that once were known only to the New World, including potatoes, corn, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, and peanuts.

The one region of the country where you still find all these things in daily use is the Deep South. The South lost the Civil War, but children of the southerners are winning the battle to preserve and throw themselves into their cooking traditions—and in this case one of the few cuisines can truly be called American, which is why we're pleased to have Low Country Cuisine in this issue of food innovation. That's right—grits and gravy(粗燕麦粉和肉汁) are back in a big way in cities like Charleston and Savannah. The truth is, they never really left, but up until a decade ago Low Country Cuisine was more common at home than in restaurants.

In fact, a large number of tourists now go to the lower Atlantic region in order to experience this extraordinary cuisine for themselves. Time will tell whether Low Country Cuisine becomes popular in other regions of the country in the way that, say, Italian cuisine has, but it's amazing and heartening to see one of our true cultural treasures enjoying renewed popularity in these increasingly homogeneous times.

1.According to the passage, American cuisine impresses people as being 　　　. 

A.dull and changeless

B.rich and various

C.popular and delicious

D.disagreeable and unpleasant

2.It can be seen that the writer feels regretful that 　　　. 

A.cuisines of other countries play a more important role in America

B.American cuisine has become increasingly lacking in variety

C.American cuisine tends to vary because of immigration

D.American cuisine is being changed by foreign cuisines

3.From the passage, we know that grits and gravy 　　　. 

A.were cooked with new materials after the Civil War

B.are gaining popularity in the south of America

C.were more popular over ten years ago

D.are seldom served in restaurants

4.What's the writer's attitude towards the renewal of Low Country Cuisine in America?

A.Concerned and cautious.

B.Hopeless and doubtful.

C.Positive and supportive.

D.Critical and disapproving.

Ⅱ.七选五

(2020广西北海高一下期末,)

Like the problem of hunger, food waste is a global problem, which resists(抵抗)to quick fixes. But if each of us takes steps to cut food waste in our homes, we will lower the burden on the environment and help to feed more people. Here are some of the tested tips.

　1　. Before heading to the grocery store, we should make a meal plan. Buy only the food we cry out for the meal plan. Well-planned shopping not only cuts the food waste but also protects our wallet. 

Buy frozen produce. 　2　. So start buying frozen vegetables instead. And there's no nutritional loss here. Frozen vegetables are just as nutritious as fresh ones—sometimes even more so. 

Make juice or soup. When we happen to have more fresh produce than we can eat, take out the expensive juice-maker that we never use and treat ourselves to some fresh juice. 　3　. 

Use clear containers to store leftovers. 　4　. When we can see what is in the containers, they're just less possible to disappear into the back of the fridge. 

Hopefully, one or two of these ideas can be helpful in fixing the food waste problem.

　5　. If each of us is able to keep just one more pound of food out of the trash each week, together we could cut food waste by over 5 million pounds each year! 

A.Shop more frequently

B.Plan meals before shopping

C.Also be sure to share your tips with us

D.And don't undervalue the effect of these small changes

E.One glass of juice can use up several pounds of produce

F.We can do a better job by putting the leftovers in see-through containers

G.Most of our food waste is fresh vegetables that go bad before we eat them

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

Ⅲ.读后续写

(2020江苏如皋高一下期末,)

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Mike licked(舔) the last of the chocolate ice cream. It was almost time to leave. He jumped into the car with his parents and headed off to the Olympic-sized pool for the big swim meet. When his race came up, Mike was confident. He was strong and swift. Mike climbed out of the pool, smiling. He had just won first place.

A week later, it was time for another swim meet. Like before, Mike decided to enjoy his favorite flavored ice cream before they left home. As Mike climbed out of the pool, his teammates patted(拍) him on the back. He'd taken first place again in his race.

As it turned out, Mike decided to have some chocolate ice cream before every one of the next few swim meets that came up. He began to think of it as his lucky charm. After several months of being placed in the top positions of every race he swam, Mike was feeling unbeatable. And he wouldn't admit it, but he was also starting to feel a little uncomfortable. All that ice cream was adding a few pounds to his athletic swimmer's build.

It didn't take long after that for Mike to start coming in second place...and then third place and then last place in his races. The lucky chocolate ice cream had lost its magic. On the day of his next swim meet, his mother sat down at the table with him. “Mike, I think we need to talk about this. We all love ice cream, but it's got lots of fat and sugar in it, and it's not healthy for your body to take in so much of it.” Mike unwillingly agreed. His father offered to go running with him a few days a week to help enhance his muscles. The extra weight soon disappeared, and Mike found himself breathing more easily during the swim.

It was the last meet of the season, and Mike wasn't sure what to expect. He felt healthy again, but he didn't know if he still had the excellent speed in the pool.

　　注意:续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

As he dived into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as far as he could.                       　　 　                                          　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　                                　　　　　　　　　　 

Paragraph 2:

His jaw(下巴) dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone else's too.　　　　　　　　　　                                         　　　　　　　 

Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.concept　2.appropriate　3.damp　4.essential　5.appetite　6.delicate　7.estimated　8.plain　9.Dynasty　10.edge

Ⅱ.1.in particular　2.fall apart　3.let it loose　4.hit the spot

5.appeals to

Ⅲ.1.foggy　考查形容词。句意:因为有雾的天气,航班取消了。名词weather应用形容词修饰。故填foggy。

2.emphasis　考查名词。句意:该是我们高度重视改善食品安全的时候了。固定搭配place emphasis on...意为“重视……”。故填emphasis。

3.mixture　考查名词。句意:他对她的来访的反应是复杂的,是一种兴奋和担忧混杂的心情。不定冠词a后接名词,故填mixture。

4.innovation　考查名词。句意:中央机关应该支持海南大胆改革和创新,努力争取在港口建设方面取得新成就。连词and连接并列的名词作动词support的宾语。故填innovation。innovation作“创新”讲时为不可数名词。

Ⅳ.1.to have studied　2.It is thought that　3.such rapid progress that　4.What counts/matters

Ⅴ.1.traditional　考查形容词。名词foods前应用形容词修饰,故填traditional。

2.to have been invented　考查非谓语动词。be believed后接动词不定式表示“人们相信……”,且动词invent的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前,与主语Sichuan hot pots之间构成被动关系,所以应用动词不定式的完成式的被动形式。故填to have been invented。

3.to keep　考查不定式。由前面的way可知,这里应用动词不定式作定语,boatmen为不定式的逻辑主语。

4.boiling　考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词,故填boiling。

5.to　考查介词。固定搭配range from...to...意为“从……到……变动”。故填to。

6.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为salted duck,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which。

7.It　考查代词。固定句型it takes some time to do sth.意为“花费一段时间做某事”,此处应用It作形式主语。故填It。

8. saying　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,晚清的一本地方史书夸赞了盐水鸭,说它是无与伦比的。这里表示伴随,且book与say为主动关系,故填saying。

9.an　考查冠词。根据语境可知,早茶是广州人日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,此处表示泛指,且essential是以元音音素开头的单词,所以其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。

10.customers'　考查名词所有格。名词appetite前应用形容词或名词所有格修饰,且空前无冠词修饰,customer应用复数形式。故填customers'。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的饮食文化,以及什么才是真正的美国菜。

1.A　 推理判断题。根据第一段后两句But travel to Paris and ask an average French citizen about American cuisine and he's likely to answer, “McDonalds.” Ask any American citizen on any American street the same thing and I'm afraid you'd get the same answer, or something close to it.可知,人们对美国烹饪的印象是以麦当劳为标志的烹饪类型;结合第二段第一句中the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneous—all the same—no matter where you live可知,可悲的事实是,无论你住在哪里,美国的烹饪都变得越来越单一。因此推断出,美国烹饪给人们的印象是乏味而又不变的。故选A。B项意为“丰富而又多样的”;C项意为“受欢迎且美味的”;D项意为“讨厌的且令人不愉快的”。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneous—all the same—no matter where you live可知,可悲的事实是,无论你住在哪里,美国的烹饪变得越来越单一。所以推断出,作者感到失望的原因是美式烹饪变得越发缺少多样性。故选B。C项“由于移民的原因,美国人的烹饪方式也有所变化”的信息与原文相符,但不是作者感到失望的原因;根据第三段第二句可知,在某种程度上,美式烹饪反映了大熔炉文化,这意味着欧洲人在小麦、乳制品、猪肉、牛肉和家禽方面做出了巨大贡献,但这并未表明“其他国家的菜肴在美国扮演着更重要的角色”,排除A项;D项“美式烹饪正在被外国的烹饪方式改变”的信息原文未提及。

3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句The one region of the country where you still find all these things in daily use is the Deep South.和第四段第三句That's right—grits and gravy(粗燕麦粉和肉汁) are back in a big way in cities like Charleston and Savannah.可知,粗燕麦粉和肉汁在像查尔斯顿、萨凡纳这样的大城市中复兴起来,即粗燕麦粉和肉汁在美国南部受到了欢迎。故选B。根据第四段最后一句中的but up until a decade ago Low Country Cuisine was more common at home than in restaurants可知,十年前低地菜肴在家里比在饭馆里更普遍一些,而不是C项“粗燕麦粉和肉汁在十年前更受欢迎”的信息;也根据此处排除D项“餐馆里很少供应粗燕麦粉和肉汁”。而A项“内战之后,粗燕麦粉和肉汁被用新材料烹饪”的信息原文未提及。本题B选项涉及Charleston和Savannah属于the Deep South的地理知识,如不了解这一点可采用排除法。

4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中but it's amazing and heartening to see one of our true cultural treasures enjoying renewed popularity in these increasingly homogeneous times可知,作者的态度是积极并支持的。故选C。A项“担心并谨慎的”;B项“不抱希望并怀疑的”;D项“批判且不支持的”。

【高频词汇】　1.cuisine n.烹饪,烹调法　2.immigrant n.移民,侨民　3.reflection n.反映;反射;沉思　4.region n.地区;区域      5.tradition n.传统

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了减少食物浪费的方法,比如在购物之前做计划,买速冻蔬菜,做果汁或汤,用透明容器储存剩饭、剩菜等。

1.B　设空处为段落主题句。根据下一句Before heading to the grocery store, we should make a meal plan.可知,在去杂货店之前,我们应该做一个饮食计划。所以本段内容与做计划相关,且B项Plan meals before shopping与此处make a meal plan相呼应。所以B项“购物前计划好食物”符合语境,引起下文。故选B。

2.G　根据下一句So start buying frozen vegetables instead.可知,设空处与之构成因果关系,解释了购买冷冻蔬菜的原因。所以G项“我们大部分的食物浪费是我们还没来得及吃就变质的新鲜蔬菜”符合语境,引起下文。故选G。

3.E　根据本段的段首句Make juice or soup.可知,本段主要介绍了做果汁或汤。所以设空处与做果汁或汤有关,E项中的One glass of juice与此呼应,因此E项“一杯果汁会消耗好几磅农产品”符合语境。故选E。

4.F　根据本段的段首句Use clear containers to store leftovers.可知,本段主要建议用干净的容器储存剩余食物。F项中by putting the leftovers in see-through containers与此处clear containers呼应,所以F项“我们可以通过把剩余食物放在透明的容器里做得更好”符合语境。故选F。

5.D　根据下一句可知,如果我们每个人每周都能从垃圾中节省一磅食物,那么我们每年就能减少500多万磅的食物浪费!因此D项“不要低估这些小变化的影响”符合语境,引起下文。故选D。

【高频词汇】　1.global adj.全球的;总体的　2.take steps to do sth.采取措施做某事　3.burden n.负担;责任　4.nutritional adj.营养的;滋养的　5.disappear v.消失

Ⅲ.

One possible version:

Paragraph 1:

As he dived into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as far as he could. Whenever he came up for a breath, he could see he was gaining on the boy ahead of him in the next lane. Feeling determined to overtake him, Mike found the power in his muscles he needed to swim ahead, and as his hand touched the edge of the pool, the race was over. He lifted his swim glasses off his head and looked at the electronic board. He knew he wasn't the last, but what was his time?

Paragraph 2:

His jaw(下巴) dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone else's too. Mike had won his race, and he had also qualified for the national championship. The audience and his teammates cheered loudly, and his parents were laughing from ear to ear. “Hey son, let's go and have some of your favorite ice cream and celebrate!” said his father. “Thanks, Dad, but I'll pass on the ice cream; it's not such a lucky charm after all!”