2021学年Unit 4 Earthquakes综合训练题

这是一份2021学年Unit 4 Earthquakes综合训练题，共15页。

1.Rescue wrkers dug ut thse buried under the (废墟) f the building.
2.Students shuld nt (判断) nly n exam results.
3.The whle class ffered (祝贺) t him n his winning first prize in the cntest.
4.Dn't stand s near the edge;yu're (使……害怕) me.
5.Students (表达) strng willingness t hld a New Year party yesterday.
6.Wearing earphnes fr a lng time will (损害) ne's hearing.
7.The bk was finally published under the (标题) f “Pride and Prejudice”.
8.Smetimes if we can aplgize (真诚地), a lt f misunderstanding can be avided.
Ⅱ.选词填空
raise mney;give a speech;make up;hnur sb. fr sth.;get away frm;give ut;wake up;refer t;quite a few;suffer frm
1.When attacked, this plant will a smelly chemical.
2.The number f thse wh sleeplessness is n the rise.
3.This reprt desn't the actual reasn fr the il spill.
4.A wrkut is a gd way t pressure.
5.He raised puzzling questins after class.
6.An utstanding graduate will be invited t at the graduatin ceremny.
7.The alarm clck failed t the students wh were asleep after tw days' test.
8.It's cmmn fr ffice ladies t befre leaving fr wrk.
9.Tw firefighters their curage in the rescue attempt.
10.The cmpany fr peple infected with the nvel crnavirus in Wuhan fr three times since the disease brke ut.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.They dug a hle (bury) the mney.
2.Measures have been taken t stp histric buildings frm (destry).
3.S suddenly did the sky turn dark that the animals in the z lked very (frighten)during the ttal slar eclipse (日食).
4.It is nt pssible t remve the spt n the carpet withut (damage)it.
5. (judge) by what he said, he was very satisfied.
Ⅳ.单句改错
1.Anyne he likes it can get it fr free.

2.The prblem is t difficult fr us t slve it.

3.He can express him in fluent English nw after fur years' hard wrk.

4.Cngratulate yu fr yur success in passing all the midterm exams.

Ⅴ.课文语法填空
We're writing t ffer yu ur 1 (cngratulate)n yur 2 (win) the high schl speaking cmpetitin abut new Tangshan. Yur speech 3 (hear)by a grup f five judges, 4 all agreed that it was the 5 (gd)ne this year. Yur parents and yur schl shuld be prud 6 yu!
Next mnth the city will pen 7 new park t hnur the peple wh 8 (die) in the terrible disaster. The park will als hnur thse wh helped the survivrs. Our ffice wuld like 9 (have)yu speak t the park visitrs n July 28 at 11:00 am. As yu knw, this is the day when the quake happened 43 years ag.
And 10 (certain), we will be hnured t have yur family and friends present n that special day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021安徽六安一中高一上阶段检测,)
Elephants n the cast f Thailand are acting strangely. They stamp their feet and signal(示意) tward the hills. The sea draws back frm the beaches. Fish fall heavily in the mud(淤泥). Suddenly, a huge wave appears. This is n rdinary wave. It is a tsunami!
Tsunami waves are larger and faster than nrmal surface waves. A tsunami wave can travel as fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten-stry building. Imagine drpping a stne int a pl. The water n the surface ripples. A tsunami is like a very pwerful ripple. Tsunamis begin when the cean rises r falls very suddenly. Lts f seawater is displaced. This mvement causes huge waves. If a tsunami happens, there must be sme kind f frce that causes the cean water t becme displaced. Mst tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes. Hwever, vlcanes, landslides, large icebergs, and even meterites(陨石) are als able t cause ne f these huge waves.
Tsunamis are extremely pwerful. Ordinary waves lse pwer when they break. Tsunami waves can remain pwerful fr several days. Because tsunami waves are s strng, they can kill peple, damage buildings, and cmpletely ruin an ecsystem in just ne hur.
Scientists have n way f predicting when a tsunami will hit. Hwever, if a pwerful enugh earthquake happens, scientists can send ut a warning r a watch. A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit sn. A watch means that cnditins are favrable fr a tsunami. When peple are tld t keep watch n a tsunami r given a warning, they have mre time t prepare. It is best nt t get unaware(没意识到)when a tsunami is n the way!
1.What des the underlined wrd “displaced” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Mved ut f the nrmal place.
B.Pushed by human frce.
C.Pulled t great heights.
D.Hung dwn quickly.
2.Why can tsunamis cause heavy damage?
A.They happen suddenly.
B.They are very pwerful and lng-lasting.
C.They break n the cast, unlike nrmal waves.
D.They are caused by underwater earthquakes.
3.What is this text mainly abut?
A.Hw t guard against tsunamis.
B.Differences between wave types.
C.What t d with tsunamis.
D.Facts abut tsunamis.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021湖南长郡中学月考,)
Plar Vrtexes(涡旋)
If yu're a resident f the United States, chances are gd that yu might be familiar with plar vrtexes. In the past year, the cuntry has faced several utbreaks f extremely lw temperatures! 1 Well, why is this happening? A plar vrtex is a large whirlwind (旋风)f cld air that parks itself in the Nrth r Suth Ple. If it breaks, cld weather cnditins can be bserved in mre suthern r nrthern areas.
The plar vrtex is always present near the ples and crrespnds t the lw temperatures that we typically assciate with these regins. 2 During the winter seasn, it becmes less stable and expands, resulting in the mvement f this mass f cld air suthwards ver the United States, carried alng with a jet stream.
Nw yu can prbably guess hw dangerus these vrtexes are. Regins like Chicag and Flrida saw temperatures that were much lwer than the average f these areas. As a result, almst 21 peple lst their lives. 3 It seems that climate change plays a rle in almst every catastrphe these days. Whether it is the melting f plar ice, the rising sea level, r even big wildfires arund the glbe, climate change has a hand in them all. 4 Sme scientists think s! A senir scientist at the Wds Hle Research Center argues that the melting sea ice in the Arctic regins is smehw linked t changes in the plar vrtex.
5 They claim that the earth's atmsphere is an incredibly cmplicated system, s there is n rck-slid prf if these plar vrtex ccurrences and atmspheric breakdwns are increasing r nt. Basically, we require a lt mre research befre we can blame climate change fr this phenmenn.
A.Hwever, sme experts hld different pinins abut that.
B.Well, is the plar vrtex als ne f climate change's symptms?
C.Will the plar vrtex make an appearance in what's left in winter?
D.This mass f cld air weakens in summer and strengthens in winter.
E.In Chicag, the temperatures drpped t minus 43 degrees centigrade.
F.Besides, hundreds f peple were injured due t the abnrmally cld weather.
G.Cmpared with the nrthern vrtex, the suthern vrtex is larger and strnger.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
(2020辽宁葫芦岛高一上期末,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rbert and Henry were tw friends in the same class.They always played tgether and went hme tgether.One day, Rbert and Henry were ging hme frm schl. On turning a crner, Rbert cried ut,“A fight! Let's g and see!”
“N,” said Henry.“Let us g hme quietly and nt meddle with(管闲事) this quarrel.We have nthing t d with it and may get int truble.Als ur parents are expecting t have dinner with us tgether and I dn't want them t wrry abut me.”
“Yu are a cward(懦夫), and afraid t g,” said Rbert, and he ran ff. Henry went straight hme, and in the afternn he went t schl as usual.
But Rbert had tld all the bys that Henry was a cward, and they laughed at him a great deal.Frm then n, they lked dwn upn Henry and didn't want t play with him tgether.
Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Rbert fr his rude behaviur, because he knew that they misunderstd him, and that they ught t be afraid f nthing but ding wrng.Thus, he just ignred the ther bys' laughter and cntinued t g t schl and study as well. Hwever, Rbert didn't invite Henry t g hme tgether with him anymre.Instead, he had sme ther bys wh als thught Henry was a cward. Every day after schl, they didn't g hme directly but went t the river r smewhere t play games and had a lt f fun.
A few days later, Rbert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and gt ut f his depth.He struggled and cried fr help, but he failed.The bys wh had called Henry a cward gt ut f the water as fast as they culd, but they did nthing t help him.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Rbert wuld be dying.









Paragraph 2:
Thus, Rbert's life was saved.








Part 3 Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.be judged 3.cngratulatins 4.frightening
5.expressed 6.damage 7.title 8.sincerely
Ⅱ ut 2.suffer frm 3.refer t 4.get away frm
5.quite a few 6.give a speech 7.wake up 8.make up 9.were hnured fr 10.has raised mney
Ⅲ bury 考查非谓语动词。句意:他们挖了个洞来埋钱。应用不定式作目的状语,故填t bury。
2.being destryed 考查动名词的被动形式。句意:已采取措施来阻止历史建筑被毁坏。 ding sth.意为“阻止……做某事”;因为是被毁坏,所以用being destryed。
3.frightened 考查词性转换。句意:在日全食期间,天空变黑得如此突然,以致动物园里的动物看起来很害怕。所填词作系动词lked的表语,表示“感到害怕的”,应用形容词frightened。
4.damaging 考查非谓语动词。句意:在不损坏地毯的情况下,不可能去除地毯上的污点。所填词作介词withut的宾语,因此应该用动名词形式。
5.Judging 考查非谓语动词。句意:从他所说的话判断,他非常满意。本句已有谓语动词,此处应用非谓语动词形式;judging by表示“根据……来判断”,故填Judging。
Ⅳ→wh 考查关系代词。句意:任何喜欢它的人都可以免费得到它。分析句子可知,Anyne和can之间是定语从句,先行词是Anyne,关系词在从句中作主语,故用关系代词wh。
2.去掉it 考查固定结构。此处使用的是结构,t slve的逻辑宾语是句子的主语The prblem,因此it是多余的。
3.him→himself 考查代词。当句子的主语和宾语是同一个人或物时,宾语应该用反身代词。
4.fr→n 考查介词。句意:祝贺你期中考试全部通过。cngratulate sb. n...为……而祝贺某人。
Ⅴ 考查词性转换。根据空前面的ur及句意可知,应该填名词复数。
2.winning 考查动名词。设空处作介词n的宾语,且空前有形容词性物主代词yur修饰,设空处应用动名词形式。故填winning。
3.was heard 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。主句主语Yur speech与hear之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态;此处是指以前的事情,因此用一般过去时。主句主语是单数形式,故填was heard。
4.wh 考查定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词是judges,指人,故填wh。
5.best 考查形容词的最高级。根据空前面的定冠词the和句意可知,此处应该用形容词的最高级。
6.f 考查介词。be prud f为……感到骄傲。
7.a 考查冠词。此处park在文中第一次出现,因此用不定冠词表泛指。
8.died 考查时态。此处指在那场灾难中死去的人们,wh引导的定语从句表示过去的事,应用一般过去时。故填died。
9.t have 考查非谓语动词。wuld like t d sth.愿意做某事。
10.certainly 考查副词。所填词作状语,修饰整个句子,应该用副词形式。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海啸发生时的现象、海啸的起因、海啸给人们带来的后果以及人们对海啸的应对措施。
1.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上一句Tsunamis begin when the cean rises r falls very suddenly.中的rises r falls可知,海水突然上升或下降导致海水位置剧烈变换形成巨浪,这时就形成了海啸。由此推知画线词表示“位置变换”,即“不在正常的位置”,故选A。B项意为“被人为力量推动”,海啸是自然形成的,不是人工形成的,B项与原文不符,故排除;C项意为“被拉到很高的位置”,D项意为“迅速落下”,由rises r falls可知,C项、D项都指的是一个方面,表述不全,故排除。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句 Tsunami waves can just ne hur.(海啸波可以保持强大好几天,因为海啸波非常强劲,所以它们可以害死人、损坏建筑,并且可能会在仅仅一个小时内完全毁掉一个生态系统)可知,海啸是因为威力大且持久才会造成巨大损失的。故选B。A项意为“它们发生得很突然”;C项意为“它们拍打在海岸上,(这)与普通的海浪不一样”;D项意为“它们是由海底地震引起的”。
3.D 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过描述动物的反应引出文章话题——海啸,第二段说明海啸产生的原因,第三段叙述海啸带来的危害,第四段说明人类应对海啸的措施,因此这是一篇介绍海啸的文章。故选D(关于海啸的一些事实)。A项“如何预防海啸”、B项“海浪种类的区别”、C项“如何应对海啸”都是文章的一部分,不能概括全文。
【高频词汇】 1.rdinary adj.普通的 2.nrmal adj.一般的;正常的 3.pwerful adj.强有力的;有影响力的 4.extremely adv.极其 5.damage vt.损坏,破坏 6.cmpletely adv.完全地,彻底地 7.predict v.预测 8.cnditin n.条件,状态,物质环境
9.favrable adj.有利的;赞同的 10.guard against sth.预防某事
【熟词生义】 stamp v.跺(脚);重踏 n.邮票;印,章
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极地涡旋的相关情况。极地涡旋使温度骤降,给人类带来损失。
1.E 根据上文the cuntry has faced several utbreaks f extremely lw temperatures可推知此处应以具体的例子说明美国人遭受极地涡旋。
2.D 根据后文During the winter seasn可推知,此处应该提出季节概念,故选D,表示冷空气在夏天减弱,在冬天增强,与下文谈到冬天的冷空气相衔接。
3.F 根据上文Nw yu can prbably guess hw dangerus these vrtexes are.推知本部分谈论极地涡旋的危害。又由上文提到21人丧生可知,这里选择F项(此外,由于异常冷的天气,成百上千人受伤),与上文衔接紧密。
4.B 根据后文Sme scientists think s!可推知,空处应提出疑问或假设,又由下文A senir vrtex.可知此处选择B项。
5.A 上文谈到有些科学家认同极地涡旋与气候变化有关,由下文there is n rck-slid prf if these plar vrtex ccurrences and atmspheric breakdwns are increasing r nt可知一些科学家认为没有确凿证据证明二者有关,尚且需要更多的研究。由此可知,此处选择A选项,表示一些科学家持有不同意见。
【高频词汇】 1.utbreak n.爆发 2.present adj.出现,出席
3.assciate vt.联系,联想 4.incredibly adv.极其 5.blame vt. 把……归咎于
Ⅲ.
写作指导
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Rbert wuld be dying.Just at that mment, Henry happened t be passing by.Hearing the screams, Henry ran t the riverside, threw ff his clthes and jumped int the water withut hesitatin.He reached Rbert just as he was sinking at the last minute. In spite f any danger and by great effrt, he brught Rbert t the riverbank.
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Rbert's life was saved.Rbert and his new friends were ashamed f having called Henry a cward.They realized that Henry had true curage.They said srry t Henry fr their rude behaviur and asked fr his frgiveness.Henry frgave them happily.He and Rbert were friends again and they went hme tgether as usual.Frm this, Rbert learned what true curage was—never be afraid t d gd, but always fear t d evil.
原句 If a tsunami happens, there must be sme kind f frce that causes the cean water t becme displaced.
分析 If a tsunami happens为If引导的条件状语从句,主句there must be sme kind f frce that causes the cean water t becme displaced中的must be表示肯定推测,主句中含有定语从句that causes the cean water t becme displaced,修饰先行词sme kind f frce。
句意 如果发生海啸,那么一定有某种力量导致海水位置变化。
故事
要素
Time
ne day, a few days later
Place
at a crner, in a river
Character
Rbert, Henry, the bys
Reasn
Rbert misunderstd Henry, thinking that Henry was a cward.
Cnflict
Rbert cried fr help but the bys gt ut f the water and did nthing t help him.
前文
故事
情节
本文以人物态度变化为线索,讲述了Rbert和Henry是两个同班的朋友。他们总是一起玩、一起回家。一次他们回家路上看到有人打架,Rbert想去看看但Henry拒绝了,于是Rbert就认定Henry是懦夫并告诉所有的男孩他是个懦夫。Henry并不生气,但Rbert却选择和其他人一起玩而不和Henry玩。有一次Rbert落水,其他男孩都走了而不去救他。
续写
方向
Paragraph 1:It seemed as if Rbert wuld be dying.
①根据已给出的续写首句It seemed as if Rbert wuld be dying.(Rbert好像要死了。)可知,本段主要讲述了Rbert落水后的情景。
②Rbert是否会得救?谁救的Rbert?(根据续写第二段首句Thus, Rbert's life was saved.可以猜想,第一段中应该出现Henry救Rbert的过程及表现出的勇敢。)
Paragraph 2:Thus, Rbert's life was saved.
根据续写第二段首句Thus, Rbert's life was saved.可知,Rbert得救了。因此本段应讲述Rbert得救后的故事。Rbert最终明白自己误会了Henry,知道了什么才是真正的勇敢,两人重归于好。
整理
思路
续写第一段:Rbert快要淹死了→Henry恰巧路过→Henry毫不犹豫地下水救Rbert。
续写第二段:Rbert得救了→Rbert明白了什么是真正的勇敢,两人误会解开→Rbert得出的感悟。