人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教课内容课件ppt

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Sectin Ⅱ　Discvering Useful Structures
语法点拨一、现在完成时的被动语态的形式现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been dne。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。
1．肯定句形式主语＋have/has＋been＋dne＋其他。The bridge ver the Yellw River has just been cmpleted.黄河上的桥刚刚建成。The chicken has been stewed fr tw hurs.鸡已经炖了两个小时了。
2．否定句形式主语＋have/has＋nt＋been＋dne＋其他。They haven’t been tld the exciting news yet, have they?还没有告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，对吗？The secnd－hand car has nt been sld.这辆二手汽车还没有卖出去。
3．一般疑问形式Have/Has＋主语＋been dne＋其他？—Has her wrk been finished?——她的工作完成了吗？—Yes, it has.——是的，完成了。
4．特殊疑问形式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been dne＋其他？Hw lng has the machine been used?这台机器使用多久啦？
变换句子The children have already been tld the gd news.①将原句变为否定句。The children haven’t been tld the gd news yet.②将原句变为一般疑问句。Have the children been tld the gd news yet？③对原句中的the children进行提问。Wh has been tld the gd news yet？
完成句子④I’m srry, but the letters ______________________ yet.很抱歉，但是这些信件还没有被打印出来。⑤The plan _____________________ fr nearly tw hurs.这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。⑥She _________________________ since then.从那时候起，她就没被提起。
haven’t been typed　
has been discussed　
hasn’t been mentined　
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去一个被动的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。The rm has already been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已不用打扫房间了)The dctr hasn’t been sent fr yet.还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与fr或since 等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于hw lng 引导的句子中。The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs.这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)Hw lng has the prject been carried ut?这项工程已实施多长时间了？(可能还会继续实施)
3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。Yu shuldn’t leave schl befre yur hmewrk has been finished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语already已经yet已经recently/lately最近since then从那时起ever since自那以来ever曾经
s far迄今为止fr a lng time很长一段时间by nw到现在为止in recent years在最近几年里in/during/ver the past/last years在过去的几年里
用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子①Jack’s bss has always praised him fr his devtin t wrk.→Jack __________________________ by his bss fr his devtin t wrk.②They have fund a gd place t build a temple in the village.→A gd place _________________ t build a temple in the village.
has always been praised　
has been fund　
③We haven’t decided hw t slve that difficult technlgical prblem yet.→Hw t slve that difficult technlgical prblem _________________ yet.完成句子④I will g hme when my hmewrk ____________________.当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。⑤Paper mney ____________________________________________.纸币已被使用1 000多年了。
hasn’t been decided　
has been finished　
has been used fr ver ne thusand years　
三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has 和 been，两者缺一不可。2．现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响(或产生了结果)。
The big fire was put ut tw hurs ag.大火两小时前被扑灭了。The big fire has been put ut.大火已经被扑灭了。3．finish, buy, start, begin, pst, return, brrw, jin, pen 等非持续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这个工程开始多久了？【误】Hw lng has this prject been started?【正】Hw lng ag was this prject started?
4．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。It is said that the prblem has been lked int.据说已经调查了这个问题。
完成句子①The library _________________.这座图书馆已经建好了。②The library ____________ last year.这座图书馆是去年建成的。③The injured bird ________________________ since it was saved.那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。
has been built　
has been lked after　
判断下列句子的正误(T/F)④The wrk has been finished fr tw days.(　　)⑤This bk has nt been brrwed since last week.(　　)
专项练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．In the last few years thusands f films _____________________ (prduce) all ver the wrld.2．Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ________________(make) int at least ten different films ver the past years.3．S far abut five thusand trees ____________________(plant) arund ur village.4．The diamnd mine _________________(discver) accidentally by a little by when he was playing hide-and-seek.
have been prduced　
has been made　
have been planted　
was discvered　
5．Great changes _____________(take) place in the past 10 years.6．Althugh bth sides have been making effrts, n cnclusin _________________ (draw) up t nw.7．That bk ______________________(translate) int at least 20 freign languages in the last 10 years.8．It’s the first time that the ld cmputer ___________________ (check) since I bught it.
have taken　
has been drawn　
has been translated　
has been checked　
9．D yu knw anyne that _______________(put) int space rckets and _______(send) t explre the Mn and Mars since last century?10．We are glad t be tld that Li Ta ____________________(admit) t Fudan University fr his tp scre in the Maths Cntest.
has been put　
has been admitted　
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子1．Hw many wrkers _________________(已派遣) t build the railway?2．—Why des Mary lk s unhappy?—Because she ______________________(被嘲笑) by her classmates.3．It is said that the huse _______________________(闯进了) by tw thieves.4．The tw pens ___________________________(未被拿走) by him.5．Where has the televisin ________________(被修理了)?
have been sent　
has been laughed at　
has been brken int　
have nt been taken away　
been repaired　
6．The price f a clr TV set ________________________(降价了) again.7．What ______________________(已被译成) int many freign languages?8．The buildings ______________________(已经被毁) in the earthquake.9．The prblem ______________________(尚未被解决) by us yet.10．The cmputers _______________________(已被赠送) t a lcal schl by the cmpany.
has been brught dwn　
have been destryed　
has nt been slved　
have been given away　
Ⅲ.语法主题应用李明和林涛在新学期第一天见面，他们在谈论那个城市地震一年后的情况。请根据语境，用相应的时态完成下面对话。Li Ming：Hi，Li Ta. Hw nice t see yu n the first day f the new term!Lin Ta：Yes. Nice t see yu again.Li Ming：I knw that yur parents 1．____________________(wrk) in that city fr abut a year. Can yu tell me smething abut it after the earthquake?
have been wrking　
Lin Ta：Of curse. Since the earthquake 2．___________(happen), many sldiers 3．_________________(send) there, and many kinds f supplies(物资供应) 4．____________________(carry) there frm all ver the cuntry. Nw, mst peple there 5．__________________(live) a happy life again.Li Ming：Hw abut the schls there?Lin Ta：Several new schls 6．___________________(set up) and als sme schls which 7．_______________(damage) in the earthquake 8．____________________(rebuild). S all the students can g back t schl t study nw.
have been carried　
live/are living　
have been set up　
were damaged　
have been rebuilt　
Li Ming：That’s wnderful. I’m sure their life will be better and better. When will yur parents cme back?Lin Ta：They will be back next mnth.