中考英语专题2：冠词


专题二 冠词



教学目标

1. 掌握不定冠词a，an的基本用法和区别；
2. 掌握定冠词the的读音，基本用法和位置；
3. 掌握零冠词的用法及短语中有无定冠词的区别。
4. 准确完成冠词的相关练习。

冠词专题

考情分析
英语冠词有三类，即定冠词，不定冠词和零冠词。定冠词只有the；不定冠词有a和an两个；零冠词指名词前不用冠词。在历年中考试题中，冠词是考查的主要语法项目之一，测试的重点主要包括：a，an的基本用法和区别；定冠词the的基本用法；零冠词的用法；固定词组中冠词的用法，以及同一个句子中几个冠词的用法区别等。考查冠词的主要题型是“单项选择”。今后中考对冠词的考查重点将是在具体语境中考查冠词的基本用法及冠词在固定短语及句型中的应用，命题题型趋向于灵活、多样化。

自我测试
1. ( ) We don’t think she is _________ honest and organized girl.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. ( ) There is __________ “u” and __________ “s” in the word “student”.
A. a, a B. a, an C. an, an D. an, a
3. ( ) We will have ________ reading festival this term, and we can’t wait for it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. ( )—Mom, I hope to have__________ younger brother?
—Hmm!
A. an B. the C. / D. a
5. ( ) Jack often plays _____ piano and he wants to be a pianist when he grows up.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
6. ( ) — When is Father’s Day in the United States?
— It’s on ___________third Sunday in June.
A. a B. the C. / D. an
7. ( ) —Mum, where is my dictionary?
—It’s in _____ white bag on your desk.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
8. ( ) —Dong Guijun is _____ first man of Lianyungang to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma.
—He is _____ pride of us.
A. the; / B. a; the C. the; the D. a; /
9. ( ) He likes playing football, so he wants to buy football.
A. a; a B. /; / C. /; a D. the; a[来源:Zxxk.Com]
10. ( ) Does your brother walk ______home after _____ school every day?
A. to; the B. to; / C. /; the D. /; /
11. ( ) —I like fast food for ______ breakfast.
—Me, too. I always have it with ______ cup of coffee.
A. a, a B. the, a C. /, the D. /, a
12. ( ) —Do you often play ______ tennis after school?
—No, I don’t like sports. I often play______ guitar.
A. a, the B. the, / C. /, the D. the, a















知识梳理


















考点归纳

【考点1】不定冠词
1. 不定冠词a和an的相同点与不同点
⑴. 相同点：a / an与one同源，均可表示“一”的概念，一般用在可数名词的单数形式前，用来表示泛指的某人或某物。
如：He has an English book. 他有一本英语书。
⑵. 不同点：
①. a始终出现在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。即使是元音字母开头但读音是辅音音素的加不定冠词时也要用a。如：a bike 一辆自行车；a university 一所大学
②. an始终在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前出现。即使是以辅音字母开头，如果读音是元音音素开头，也要用an。如：an egg 一个鸡蛋；an hour
例题1：( )To prepare for _______ trip to LA, Betty is making _______list of things to take along.
A. the; the B /; a C. the; a D. a ; /

2. 不定冠词的用法展示
(1). 在可数名词的单数前泛指人或物的某一类。
例题1：( ) Zanco, _____ American tech company, made ______ tiniest phone in the world—Tiny 11.
A. the; a B. an; / C. /; a D. an; the
如：M y father is a doctor. 我爸爸是医生。
例题1：( )The Yangko Dance is traditional Chinese folk dance created by the farmers.
A. a B. an C. the D. /

(2). 用于表示数量“一”，但意义上没有one强。
如：I work eight hours a day. 我一天工作8个小时。
例题1：( )There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon.
A. the B. an C. a D. /

(3). 第一次提到某物或某人，使用a或an，起介绍的作用。
如：There is a pen on the table. And the pen is mine. 桌子上有一只钢笔，这支钢笔是我的。
例题1：( ) Dangal （《摔跤吧！爸爸》）， India film, has become one of most popular films in China.
A. a; / B. a; the C. an; the D. /; the

(4). 用在序数词前表示“再一，又一”。如：
如：He ate one apple, but he wanted a second one. 他吃了一个苹果，但是他想再要一个。
(5). 用于某些固定词组中。如：
a little 一点、一些 a few 一点、一些
a lot ( of ) 许多，大量 a kind of 一种
after a while 过了一会儿 in a minute 立刻、马上
once upon a time 从前 have a rest 休息一会儿
have a look 看一看 in a hurry 匆忙
例题1：( )Among all Chinese traditional arts，Nancy likes Beijing Opera best because it is really_____ fun．
A．/； a B．/； / C．the； a D．the； /

3. 使用不定冠词注意点
(1). 当形容词修饰名词时，冠词要放在形容词的前面，用a或an取决于这个形容词的读音。
如：My mother bought me a nice watch. 我妈妈为我买了一块好看的手表。
例题1：( )There is old piano in corner of the living room.
A. an; the B. an; / C. a; the D. a; a

(2). 有些单词的拼写以辅音字母开头，但读音却以元音音素开头，这时要用an。
如：I’ll help you finish the work in an hour. 一小时内我帮你完成这项工作。
例题1：( ) Tom is honest boy and likes playing basketball.
A. an; the B. a; the C. a; / D. an; /

(3). 有些单词的拼写以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音音素开头，这时要用a。
如：My brother works as a teacher in a university. 我哥哥在一所大学里当教师。
例题1：( )—Do you think French is unimportant subject?
—Of course not. It’s quite useful skill.
A. a; a B. an; an C. an; a D. a; an


【考点2】定冠词
1. 定冠词the的读音
①. 置于辅音音素前，读作[ðə]。如：the pen
②. 置于元音音素前，读作[ði]。如：the apple
③. 在单独朗读或重读时，读作[ði:]。但在实际交流中，很少发这个音。如：“The”is the definite article.

2. 定冠词the的用法
(1). 特指某（些）人或某（些）物，这是定冠词的基本用法。
如：Please open the window. 请打开窗户。
例题：( )Shenzhen is on coast near Hong Kong. It was small village many years ago.
A. a; the B. the; a C. /; / D. the; the

(2). 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。
如：—Where is the teacher? 老师在哪？
—Sorry, I don’t know. 对不起，我不知道。
例题：( )—How was outer-space fashion show delivered by Fairies?
—It was great! Everybody enjoyed it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /

(3). 指上文提到过的人或物。
如：I had a present today. The present came from my mother. 我今天收到一件礼物，这件礼物是我妈妈送的。

例题：( )Tony told us funny story, but he forgot . ending himself.
A. a ; an B. an; the C. an; a D. a; the

(4). 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
如：The earth turns round the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
例题：( )There is no living thing on _____ moon.
A. the B. a C. 不填

(5). 用在表示西洋乐器的名词前。
如：My sister can play the violin very well. 我妹妹小提琴拉的很好。
例题：( )Every evening my daughter plays piano for an hour.
A. the B. a C. / D. an

(6). 序数词和形容词最高级前用the。
如：The biggest apple is mine. 那个最大的苹果是我的。
They were the first to arrive at the party. 晚会上他们最早到达。
例题1：( )When leaders of Chinese mainland and Taiwan met in Singapore for .first time since 1949, President Xi said, “Today will be remembered in history.
A. the; the B. the; / C /; / D. / ; the

(7). 用在方位名词前。
如：The weather’s often cold in the North and windy in the East. 北部的天气常常寒冷，东部则常常刮风。
例题：( )Tianjin is _____ beautiful city in _____ north of China.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; the

(8). 用在姓氏的复数前表示“全家人或夫妇两人”。
如：The Smiths are going to Hainan Island next year. 史密斯一家人明年打算去海南岛。
例题：( ) _____ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.
A. / B. A C. An D. The

(9). 用在某些形容词前，表示“某一类人”。
如：the young 年轻人 the old 老年人 the poor 穷人 the blind 盲人
例题：( )_____ dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
(10). 用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。
如：the Summer Palace 颐和园 the Great Wall 长城
(11). 用在某些固定词组中
如：in the morning 在上午 all the year round 一整年 in the open air 在露天
on the way 在途中 in the end 最后、终于

3. 冠词的位置
冠词的位置比较固定，一般置于名词（词组）或名词化的形容词之前。但由于名词前修饰语的搭配要求不同，冠词的位置也呈现一些变化，具体情况如下：
(1). 位于下列形容词之后：such, what, many, half。
如：What a fine day! Let’s go out to play. 多好的天气啊！让我们出去玩玩吧！
(2). 副词rather可放在不定冠词前，也可置于其后。放在其前时语气较强，置于其后时语气较弱。
如：It’s a rather difficult job. 这份工作颇为难做。
It’s rather a difficult job. 这份工作真的很难做。
(3). 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但需放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等之后，名词之前。
如：First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.
首先，他写了一张长长的单子，上面列出了所有禁止吃的食物。
例题：( )—Are you leaving now? Having dinner with you was such great fun.
—Thanks a lot, but I have to make early start tomorrow morning.
A. /; an B. a; an C. /; the D. a; the

【考点3】零冠词
1. 不用冠词的几种情况
(1). 如果名词前已经有指示代词（this, that, these, those）、形容词性物主代词（my, his, our…）或名词所有格等限定词时，不用冠词。
如：I can wait, but my toothache can’t. 我能等，但我的牙痛等不了啊。
(2). 复数名词泛指一类人或事物时。
如：Children shouldn’t tell lies. 小孩子不应该说谎。
(3). 在表示学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动的名词前。
如：After breakfast, I sent the children to school. 早饭后，我送孩子们去上学。
注意：当“三餐”前有形容词修饰或特指某顿饭时，其前可用冠词。
如：I had a quick breakfast and rushed to work. 我快速地吃完早饭，便匆匆上班去了。
例题2：( )Tom often has egg and a glass of milk for .breakfast every day.
A. an; / B. an; the C. a; / D. a; the

例题3：( )What good weather! Let’s have .quick breakfast and then go to the park.
A. /; / B. /; a C. a; a D. a; /

(4). 在一些专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前。
如：Music can bring people pleasure. 音乐能给人们带来乐趣。
例题：( ) In eyes of some children, playing games on the Internet can only bring them fun.
A. the; a B. /; a C. the; / D. /; /

(5). 在表示语言、疾病、颜色的名词前。
如：The sky slowly changed from blue to red. 天空慢慢由蓝色变为红色。
(6). 在表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前。
如：He’ll arrive in Guiyang on Monday. 他将于星期一到达贵阳。
注意：①. 如果月份、季节等名词被其他限定词修饰，则需要加定冠词。
如：in the spring of 1982 在1982年的春天
②. 由festival构成的中国特有的节日前要加the。
如：the Spring Festival 春节 the Lantern Festival 元宵节
例题1：( ) People often go skating in ________ winter．
A. / B. a C. an D. the
例题2： ( )—Do you know when is_______ No Tobacco Day? —It’s May 31st.
A. an B. a C. the　 D. /
(7). 与by连用的表交通工具的名词前不加冠词。
如：Every day I go to school by bike. 我每天骑自行车上学。
注意：若用介词on或in表示乘某种交通工具，名词前需用冠词或其他限定词。
如：on a bike 乘自行车 in / on the bus 乘公共汽车 in my car 乘我的小汽车
例题：
(8). 在表示人名、国名、称呼语或头衔等的专有名词前。
如：Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。
(9). 在某些固定短语中，不用冠词。
如：day and night 日日夜夜 hand in hand 手牵手 at first 最初，首先
at home 在家 go swimming 去游泳 go shopping 去购物

2. 短语中有、无定冠词的区别
有些名词前有the与无the，在含义上区别很大。如：
at the school 在学校里 at school 上学
at the table 在桌旁 at school 在吃饭
in the bed （某物）在床上 in bed （睡、病、躺）在床上
in the hospital 在医院里 in hospital 住院
by the sea 在海滨 by sea 乘船
in the front of 在……前面（内部） in front of 在……前面（外部）
on the earth 在地球上 on earth 究竟
go to the church 去教堂 go to church （去教堂）做礼拜





基础演练
一、冠词填空。
1. How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.
2. Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.
3. My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.
4. It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.
5. _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.
6. Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.
7. I earn 10 dollars _______ hour as a cashier on Sundays.
8. Why not come over and play _______ chess with me tonight?
9. Is Canada ________ English speaking country?
10. If you decide to go there by ________ train, be sure to get _______ fast one.

二、单项选择。
1. ( ) Han Meimei is ___ Chinese girl. Lucy is ____ English girl.
A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a
2. ( ) A little boy wrote____ "U" and___ "n" on the wall.
A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a
3. ( ) _____ old lady in brown is____ university professor.
A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a
4. ( ) There are sixty minutes in ____ hour.
A. an B. the C. a D. /
5. ( ) This is ____ interesting book and it is also ____ useful one.
A. an; an B. an; the C. an; a D. a; a
6. ( ) This is ____ egg. ____egg is big.
A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The
7. ( ) There is___ “W” in ___ word “map”.
A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the
8. ( ) Here is _____ basket. ___ basket is mine.
A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A
9. ( ) She saw____ English film last Sunday. But she can not remember ____ name of ___ film.
A. an; a; a B. a; the; a C. an; the; a D. an; the; the
10. ( ) There is___ old man under___ tree.
A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; /
11. ( ) ____ book is very useful. I bought it from ____ unknown little town.
A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an
12. ( ) Mr. White lives on ___floor.
A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth
13. ( ) ____ Browns arrived there yesterday evening.
A. / B. A C. The D. An
14. ( ) ____ Browns are sitting at____ breakfast table.
A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the
15. ( ) They went to _____ Smiths' and stayed there for half____ hour.
A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an
16. ( ) Cotton is grown in ____ China.
A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north
I7. ( ) He likes playing___ piano, he doesn't like playing____ football.
A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /
18. ( ) Tom enjoys playing ____ football while I enjoy playing ____ piano very much.
A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; /
19. ( ) Yesterday his mother bought____ piano and ___ basketball in that big shop.
A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two
20. ( ) He takes a bath in ____ evening.
A. the B. / C. a D. an

巩固提升
一、冠词填空。
1. My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.
2. I like ______ music, especially _______ music of the film.
3. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.
4. I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.
5. Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.
6. Can you imagine what _______ fun we had during our tour in Paris?
7. Those who are rich should help ______ poor.
8. John is _______ university student from ______ European country.
9. _______ number of the students in our school will reach as many as 3,000 this year.
10. We are twins and look _______ same.

二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Mary wants to study at _______ university that she visited with her cousin in America.
A.the B.a C.an
( ) 2. What ______ unbelievable news. It seems that we will spend 3.5 hours getting to Guiyang from Chengdu by train.
A.the B.an C./
( ) 3. Donald Trump, 71-year-old businessman, was chosen President of the US last year.
A. a; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; the
( ) 4.Shengzhen is on ____ coast near Hongkong. It was _____ original village many years ago.
A.a;the B.the;an C.the;a
( ) 5.Did you listen to____ news program of FM101.7?
Of course. It kills most of my boring time on the busy streets in the morning.
A.a B.the C./
( ) 6. 一This photo makes me think of trip to the Great Wall last year.
一Yeah, we had a great time there.
A. a B. an C. the D./[来源:学科网]
( ) 7. I went to supermarket to buy birthday gift for my aunt yesterday.
A. an; a B. a; a C. the; / D./; the
( ) 8. Jack is always _____ honest kid. We all trust him at any time in our class.
A.a B.an C.the
( ) 9. 一Who's boy under the tree?
一Bill. He's active boy.
A. a; an B. a; the C. the; a D. the; an
( ) 10. Have you read a book called The Famous Man?
Yes. _____ book is very interesting.
A.An B.A C.The
( ) 11. Lang Lang is famous pianist. He plays piano very well.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the;/ D. a;/
( ) 12. Do you know ______ woman in a red dress?
She is ______English teacher in our school.
A.a;an B.the;the C.the;an
( ) 13. I bought useful dictionary yesterday. dictionary is very cheap.
A. a; A B. a; The C. an; The
( )14. 一Kate, are you only child in your family?
一Yes, but new baby is on the way.
A. the; a B. an; the C. a; the D. the: the
( ) 15.一In London, dogs and their owners can enjoy hour-long free bus tour.
一Wow! I hope we can also have such service in Dongying.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( ) 16.一Do you know girl with long curly hair?
一Yes, s he is Mary. She plays tennis very well.
A. a;/ B. the: / C. the; the D. a; the[来源:学科网]
( ) 17. Have you seen _____ film Find You?
Yes. I will have _____ strong sense of sadness and pain once anyone mentions it.
A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a
( ) 18. Jackie is such friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates.
A. a B. an C. the
( ) 19.Germany is _____European country that is good at making cars.
A.a B.an C.the
( ) 20.Yesterday’s concert was ____ great success. All the people showed interest in it.
A./ B.a C.the
( ) 21. Last summer, my parents took me to the zoo. In the zoo we saw elephant.
elephant was from Africa.
A. a; The B. the; An C. an; The D. the; A
( ) 22.Excuse me, could you tell me where to park my car?
Sure. There’s ____ underground parking lot over there.
A./ B.a C.an
( ) 23. They are having breakfast now. And hour later, they'll go shopping.
A. /; an B. the; a C. a; an D. /; a
( ) 24. Be quick! If you miss ____ last bus, you will have to get home by taxi.
A.a B.the C./
( ) 25.Listen! Someone is playing______ violin.
Wow! ____ beautiful music! I like it very much.
A.the;What B.an;How C./;How
( ) 26.一Do you know how to spell word “napkin(纸巾)” in English?[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
一Yes. It begins with “n”.
A the; a B. the; an C. a; an D. the; the
( ) 27.一Did you get up late this morning?
一Yes, so after quick breakfast, I had to run to office.
A. / B. the C. a
( ) 28. This afternoon my grandfather bought a magazine and a newspaper. The magazine is in his bag. But he can't remember where he put newspaper.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( ) 29.There is ____ European piano in ______ corner of the living room.
A.a;the B.an;the C.the;a
( ) 30.一What do you think of the boy?[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
一He is honest student today and useful man tomorrow.
A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a


三、 自主招生题
( )1.After an hour’s work, she looked at__________ clean and tidy room with__________ satisfaction.
A. /; a B. a; the C. the; / D. the; a
( )2.When he left__________ college, he got a job as__________ reporter in a newspaper office.
A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. a; the D. the; the
( )3.As__________ university student counselor, Murray considers her job__________ great fun.
A. a; a B. a; 不填 C. an; a D. an; 不填
( )4.Jackson had__________ feeling of excitement when he heard that he had passed__________ driving test.
A. the; a B. the; an C. 不填；the D. a; the
( )5.To be a successful learner, creating__________ interest is very important.
A. a B. an C. /
( )6.The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have__________ second one because __________ first one is rather too small and I had little food at__________ lunch.
A. a; a; the B. the; the; the C. a; the; / D. a; a; /
( )7.The parents were shocked by__________ news that their son needed __________ operation on his knee.
A. /; the B. the; the C. the; an D. a; an
( )8.—Do you know__________ boy standing under the tree?
—Yes, he is my friend, Jack. He is__________ honest boy.
A. the; a B. the; an C. a; a D. a; the
( )9.The two rooms are of __________ size. And another two are three times__________ size of them.
A. a; a B. a; the c. the; a D. the; the
( )10.I like playing __________ piano, while my brother likes playing__________ football.
A. the; the B. the; / C. a; the D. /; the
( )11.—What do you want to be in the future, Tony?
—I want to be__________ pilot. It is__________ exciting job.
A. a; a B. an; the C. a; an D. a; /
( )12.The concert was__________ failure because__________ singer had a terrible cold.
A. a; / B. a; a C. / ; the D. the; /
( )13.It is necessary for us to learn__________ second language__________ our mother tongue.
A. the; besides B. a; except C. the; except D. a; besides
( )14.Let’s go to__________ cinema—that will take your mind off the problem for__________ while.
A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a
( )15.We all know that England is__________ European country.
A. a B. an C. the
( )16.He has a brother, who is__________ university student of__________ chemistry.
A. an; the B. an; / C. a; / D. a; the
( )17.Jenny is__________ university student and has recently been elected__________ chairman of the Student Union.
A. an; the B. an; / C. a; the D. a; /
( )18.—You’ve dropped__________ “s” in the word “address”.
—Oh, __________ letter “s” should be doubled.
A. an; the B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
( )19.Not everyone has realized what__________ important part the balance of__________ natures plays in their life.
A. an; the B. /; the C. an; / D. the; /
( )20.—Have you ever seen__________ ipad？I left it here just now.
—Is it__________ pink one? I think I saw it somewhere.
A. an; the B. an; a C. the; a D. the; /