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初中牛津译林版Unit 1 Past and PresentGrammar教课内容课件ppt
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这是一份初中牛津译林版Unit 1 Past and PresentGrammar教课内容课件ppt，共44页。PPT课件主要包含了学习目标，Review，现在完成时定义，规则变化，不规则变化，陈述句 ，Conclusion，Have a try，Have，seen等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.掌握词汇：yet, recently, past2. 掌握现在完成时的基本结构、用法和动词过去分词的变化规律。3. 能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。4.理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。
1. Hw lng has Mr Chen lived in Sunshine Twn?2. What has the gvernment dne t part f the twn centre?3. Why des Mr Chen think it is impssible t see his ld friends as ften as befre?
He has lived there since he was brn.
The gvernment has turned part f the twn centre int a new park.
Because mst f his ld friends have mved away.
Present perfect tense
1. I have lived here since I was brn.
我自从出生就一直居住在这里。
过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，有可能继续延续下去。
2. Eddie has eaten my fd.
过去发生的动作，对现在造成影响。
3.I have already read this bk many times.
我已经看过这本书很多次了。
某个动作迄今为止发生过多少次。
现在完成时定义三要素：1.表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。2.一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。3.一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在(也许还将持续下去)。
结论：现在完成时的肯定句结构为________________________________________
I have just eaten it.Yu have cleaned up the windw.She/He/ has visited Beijing three times.It has slept three hurs.
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词+...
____________ their hmewrk. (finish）He ______________his hmewrk. （finish)
have finishedhas finished
结论：现在完成时的否定句结构为________________________________________
I have nt just eaten it.Yu have nt cleaned up the windw.She/He/ has nt visited Beijing three times.It has nt slept three hurs.
主语 + have nt/ has nt+ 过去分词+...
_____________ their hmewrk yet. (finish）He _____________ his hmewrk yet. (finish)
haven’t finishedhasn’t finished
—Have yu eaten it?—N, I haven’t./Yes, I have.—Has she/he/ visited Beijing three times?—N, she/he hasn’t./Yes, she/he has.—Has it slept three hurs?—Yes, it has./N, it hasn’t
结论：现在完成时的一般疑问句结构为______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Have/Has+ 主语+过去分词+...？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+has/have.
否定回答：N, 主语+hasn’t/haven’t.
_________the film?(watch)Yes, I ______.____yur father ________the film? (watch)N, he _______.
Have watched have
Has watched hasn’t
Hw lng have yu lived?What has she/he eaten fr breakfast?What has the gvernment dne t part f the twn centre?Where has she travelled recently?
结论：现在完成时的特殊疑问句结构为________________________________________
特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+...
girl has learned English fr 6 years.
I have eaten tw apples fr breakfast.
Hw lng has the girl learned English?
What have yu eaten fr breakfast?
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 wrk---wrked---wrked (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将“y” 变为 “i”，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先 双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 drp---drpped--drpped
A.过去分词与过去式形式一样have—had—had spend —spent—spent make—made—made say—said—said find—fund—fund hear—heard—heard meet—met—met leave—left—left
B.过去分词与过去式形式不一样take—tk—taken speak —spke—spken sing—sang—sung drive—drve—driven be—was/were—been g—went—gne
C.过去分词、过去式与动词原形一样cut—cut—cut put —put—put let—let—letread—read—read
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:
begive seemake put cmewrite
was/were beengave givensaw seenmade madeput putcame cmewrte written
注:不规则动词见书上122页不规则动词表.
1 brrw2 hpe3 make4 get5 plan6 cry
7 send8 watch9 say10 grw11 hit12 enjy
brrwedhpedmadegtplannedcried
sentwatchedsaidgrwnhit enjyed
Finish Part A n page 14
already: 肯定句，表示已经发生ever: 疑问句，表示“曾经”fr: 肯定句/疑问句/否定句，表示一段时间just: 肯定句，表示“刚刚”never: 否定句，表示“从不”recently: 肯定句/否定句/疑问句，表示“最近”since: 肯定句/否定句/疑问句, 表示“自---以后” 1)since+时间点；2)since+ 时间段+ ag；3)since+ 从句。yet: 疑问句/否定句, 表示“已经”或者“还没有”
： 现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语:
副词already和yet.already一般用于肯定句， yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。 如: We have already finished ur hmewrk. 我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their hmewrk yet. 他们还没有完成作业。
- I have never been t the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。
副词ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如: --- Have yu ever been t the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗?
He has been there twice recently.近年来他去过那里两次了。
3. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语, 如 : just, befre, recently等。如: I have seen her befre, but I can nt remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet.
I haven’t seen the film yet.
● I have dne my hmewrk already.
I haven’t dne my hmewrk yet.
● Mther has just cleaned the huse.
Mther hasn’t cleaned the huse yet.
● I have seen the film already.
1. They have brrwed ten bks frm the library. (对划线部分提问)→_____ ______bks ______ they __________ frm the library?2. I have ever been t the Great Wall. (改为否定句)I ________ ________ been t the Great Wall.3. They have studied here since they mved t the city. (对划线部分提问)______ ______ _____ they ___________ here?
Hw many have brrwed
have never
Hw lng have studied
4.They have finished their hmewrk. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答) ___________________________________________5.Mr. and Mrs. Li have cme back.(改为否定句)_____________________________________________6.Jhn has played this cmputer game a few times. (改为否定句)_____________________________________________
Have they finished their hmewrk ? Yes, they have.
Mr. and Mrs. Li haven’t cme back .
Jhn hasn’t played this cmputer game .
7. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句)→She __________ cleaned the kitchen ___________.8. They have visited sme interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)→___________ they _____________ ___________ interesting places in China?9. The pr dg has died.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）→_______the pr dg _______? -N, it __________.
hasn’t yet
Have visited any
Has died hasn’t
have/has后，句末
肯/否定陈述句,疑问句
1. Have yu dne yur hmewrk _____ ? ( fr, just, yet)2. I have ______ been t Chengdu. ( fr, never, yet)3. He has wrked there _____ he left schl. (already, just, since)4. She has knwn Sam ______ nine years. ( fr, never, since)
5. Have yu _______ ridden a hrse? ( ever, fr, yet)6. They have _____ arrived. (ever, just, yet)7. He has _______ washed the dishes . ( already, ever)8. We have nt cmpleted the prject ____ .(already, fr, yet)
They ____________(finish) their hmewrk already.2. Jhn____ never______(visit) China.3. Mr Li __________ (repair) ver ten bicycles since Mnday.
have finished
has repaired
4. We ____________(nt see) each ther fr years.5. My parents____________ (nt cme) back yet.6. Our teacher __________(teach) us a lt abut the histry f China.
haven’t seen
have nt cme
Finish Part B n page 14
C. Help Millie and Sandy cmplete the cnversatin
Millie: (1)_____ yu ______(see) any films recently, Sandy?Sandy: N, I haven’t. What abut yu?Millie: I (2)_____(see) ne last Saturday.Sandy: What’s it abut?
Millie: It’s abut the changes in Beijing ver the past century. Frm the film ,I(3) ___________(learn) mre abut Beijing’s past and present.Sandy: Oh, I think I (4)__________(hear) abut the film. D yu plan t see it again?Millie: Yes, I’d like t.
have learned
现在完成时的用法和构成
肯定句句型: 主语 + have/has +过去分词…否定句句型:主语 + have/has+ nt+过去分词…一般疑问句的构成：Have/ Has + 主语+ 过去分词…?Yes, 主语+ have/ has.N, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t.
★ haven’t =have nt hasn’t = has nt
Fill in the blanks
1. She __________ (wait) fr tw hurs already. 2. They _______________(nt finish) the prject yet.3. _____ yu ______ (hear) frm my sister recently?4. Mark _________ (be) there fr tw days.5 _____ they ever _____ (stay) at hme alne?6 I _____ never ________ (watch) this film .7 Daniel ______ just _________ (arrive) hme.8 We _____________(nt eat) anything since then.
haven’t finished
haven’t eaten
9. I ________ (d) my hmewrk _____________(nt finished) his hmewrk ever _____(be) t Beijing?12.We ______ never ______ (see) such an exciting match _____ just _______(clean) the huse. Please dn’t cme _____________(practice) this dialgue twice.
has nt finished
have practiced
15. I (nt read) the bk befre.16. My sister (walk) t schl every day last year.17. We (have) an exam again smetime next week.18. I (hear) frm my father recently.19. Lucy (g) t Shanghai. She (leave) this mrning. 20. Tm (buy) the bike fr 2 years.
haven’t read
21. I ________(have) lunch already.22. Has the train_______ (arrive), yet?23.Tme ____ never_______ (be t ) China.24. The twin ______just _____(see) my father.25. The twins ____(see) my father just nw.
例：I bught a new cmputer last week.(只强调动作发生在过去。)I have bught a new cmputer.(不强调动作什么时候发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。)
一般过去时和现在完成的区别
1.I _________(see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing! I _________(see) it ne mnth ag.
2.--Is yur grandfather still alive? --N, he _____already ______(die). --When _______he _______(die)? --He _______last year(die).
has died
did die
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
3. -- I _______just _______ (hear) f the earthquake in Tangshan. --The earthquake? --Yes, it _________(happen) n March 6th, three days ag.
4.Mr. Li _______(begin) t wrk in this factry in 1990.He ___________ (wrk) in the factry fr 20 years.
5. The Greens _________(live) in China since they _______(mve) here in 2003.
have heard
1. ______ yu ______ (hear) frm Sandy recently, Jim?2. Li Ping’s father _________(g) t Paris already.3. They ___________(mve) t Beijing since yu left here.4. —______yu ________(finish) yur hmewrk yet?—N. But I ___________(finish) it sn.5. ______ yu ______ (have) yur breakfast?—Yes. I have. I ______ (have) it at 6: 00.
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Have heard
Have finished
will finished
Have had
1. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句)She _________ cleaned the kitchen ________.2. They have visited sme interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)________ they _______ ______ interesting places in China?
hasn’t yet
Have visited any
1.掌握词汇：yet, recently, past2. 掌握现在完成时的基本结构、用法和动词过去分词的变化规律。3. 能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。4.理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。
1. Hw lng has Mr Chen lived in Sunshine Twn?2. What has the gvernment dne t part f the twn centre?3. Why des Mr Chen think it is impssible t see his ld friends as ften as befre?
He has lived there since he was brn.
The gvernment has turned part f the twn centre int a new park.
Because mst f his ld friends have mved away.
Present perfect tense
1. I have lived here since I was brn.
我自从出生就一直居住在这里。
过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，有可能继续延续下去。
2. Eddie has eaten my fd.
过去发生的动作，对现在造成影响。
3.I have already read this bk many times.
我已经看过这本书很多次了。
某个动作迄今为止发生过多少次。
现在完成时定义三要素：1.表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。2.一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。3.一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在(也许还将持续下去)。
结论：现在完成时的肯定句结构为________________________________________
I have just eaten it.Yu have cleaned up the windw.She/He/ has visited Beijing three times.It has slept three hurs.
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词+...
____________ their hmewrk. (finish）He ______________his hmewrk. （finish)
have finishedhas finished
结论：现在完成时的否定句结构为________________________________________
I have nt just eaten it.Yu have nt cleaned up the windw.She/He/ has nt visited Beijing three times.It has nt slept three hurs.
主语 + have nt/ has nt+ 过去分词+...
_____________ their hmewrk yet. (finish）He _____________ his hmewrk yet. (finish)
haven’t finishedhasn’t finished
—Have yu eaten it?—N, I haven’t./Yes, I have.—Has she/he/ visited Beijing three times?—N, she/he hasn’t./Yes, she/he has.—Has it slept three hurs?—Yes, it has./N, it hasn’t
结论：现在完成时的一般疑问句结构为______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Have/Has+ 主语+过去分词+...？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+has/have.
否定回答：N, 主语+hasn’t/haven’t.
_________the film?(watch)Yes, I ______.____yur father ________the film? (watch)N, he _______.
Have watched have
Has watched hasn’t
Hw lng have yu lived?What has she/he eaten fr breakfast?What has the gvernment dne t part f the twn centre?Where has she travelled recently?
结论：现在完成时的特殊疑问句结构为________________________________________
特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+...
girl has learned English fr 6 years.
I have eaten tw apples fr breakfast.
Hw lng has the girl learned English?
What have yu eaten fr breakfast?
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 wrk---wrked---wrked (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将“y” 变为 “i”，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先 双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 drp---drpped--drpped
A.过去分词与过去式形式一样have—had—had spend —spent—spent make—made—made say—said—said find—fund—fund hear—heard—heard meet—met—met leave—left—left
B.过去分词与过去式形式不一样take—tk—taken speak —spke—spken sing—sang—sung drive—drve—driven be—was/were—been g—went—gne
C.过去分词、过去式与动词原形一样cut—cut—cut put —put—put let—let—letread—read—read
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:
begive seemake put cmewrite
was/were beengave givensaw seenmade madeput putcame cmewrte written
注:不规则动词见书上122页不规则动词表.
1 brrw2 hpe3 make4 get5 plan6 cry
7 send8 watch9 say10 grw11 hit12 enjy
brrwedhpedmadegtplannedcried
sentwatchedsaidgrwnhit enjyed
Finish Part A n page 14
already: 肯定句，表示已经发生ever: 疑问句，表示“曾经”fr: 肯定句/疑问句/否定句，表示一段时间just: 肯定句，表示“刚刚”never: 否定句，表示“从不”recently: 肯定句/否定句/疑问句，表示“最近”since: 肯定句/否定句/疑问句, 表示“自---以后” 1)since+时间点；2)since+ 时间段+ ag；3)since+ 从句。yet: 疑问句/否定句, 表示“已经”或者“还没有”
： 现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语:
副词already和yet.already一般用于肯定句， yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。 如: We have already finished ur hmewrk. 我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their hmewrk yet. 他们还没有完成作业。
- I have never been t the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。
副词ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如: --- Have yu ever been t the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗?
He has been there twice recently.近年来他去过那里两次了。
3. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语, 如 : just, befre, recently等。如: I have seen her befre, but I can nt remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet.
I haven’t seen the film yet.
● I have dne my hmewrk already.
I haven’t dne my hmewrk yet.
● Mther has just cleaned the huse.
Mther hasn’t cleaned the huse yet.
● I have seen the film already.
1. They have brrwed ten bks frm the library. (对划线部分提问)→_____ ______bks ______ they __________ frm the library?2. I have ever been t the Great Wall. (改为否定句)I ________ ________ been t the Great Wall.3. They have studied here since they mved t the city. (对划线部分提问)______ ______ _____ they ___________ here?
Hw many have brrwed
have never
Hw lng have studied
4.They have finished their hmewrk. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答) ___________________________________________5.Mr. and Mrs. Li have cme back.(改为否定句)_____________________________________________6.Jhn has played this cmputer game a few times. (改为否定句)_____________________________________________
Have they finished their hmewrk ? Yes, they have.
Mr. and Mrs. Li haven’t cme back .
Jhn hasn’t played this cmputer game .
7. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句)→She __________ cleaned the kitchen ___________.8. They have visited sme interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)→___________ they _____________ ___________ interesting places in China?9. The pr dg has died.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）→_______the pr dg _______? -N, it __________.
hasn’t yet
Have visited any
Has died hasn’t
have/has后，句末
肯/否定陈述句,疑问句
1. Have yu dne yur hmewrk _____ ? ( fr, just, yet)2. I have ______ been t Chengdu. ( fr, never, yet)3. He has wrked there _____ he left schl. (already, just, since)4. She has knwn Sam ______ nine years. ( fr, never, since)
5. Have yu _______ ridden a hrse? ( ever, fr, yet)6. They have _____ arrived. (ever, just, yet)7. He has _______ washed the dishes . ( already, ever)8. We have nt cmpleted the prject ____ .(already, fr, yet)
They ____________(finish) their hmewrk already.2. Jhn____ never______(visit) China.3. Mr Li __________ (repair) ver ten bicycles since Mnday.
have finished
has repaired
4. We ____________(nt see) each ther fr years.5. My parents____________ (nt cme) back yet.6. Our teacher __________(teach) us a lt abut the histry f China.
haven’t seen
have nt cme
Finish Part B n page 14
C. Help Millie and Sandy cmplete the cnversatin
Millie: (1)_____ yu ______(see) any films recently, Sandy?Sandy: N, I haven’t. What abut yu?Millie: I (2)_____(see) ne last Saturday.Sandy: What’s it abut?
Millie: It’s abut the changes in Beijing ver the past century. Frm the film ,I(3) ___________(learn) mre abut Beijing’s past and present.Sandy: Oh, I think I (4)__________(hear) abut the film. D yu plan t see it again?Millie: Yes, I’d like t.
have learned
现在完成时的用法和构成
肯定句句型: 主语 + have/has +过去分词…否定句句型:主语 + have/has+ nt+过去分词…一般疑问句的构成：Have/ Has + 主语+ 过去分词…?Yes, 主语+ have/ has.N, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t.
★ haven’t =have nt hasn’t = has nt
Fill in the blanks
1. She __________ (wait) fr tw hurs already. 2. They _______________(nt finish) the prject yet.3. _____ yu ______ (hear) frm my sister recently?4. Mark _________ (be) there fr tw days.5 _____ they ever _____ (stay) at hme alne?6 I _____ never ________ (watch) this film .7 Daniel ______ just _________ (arrive) hme.8 We _____________(nt eat) anything since then.
haven’t finished
haven’t eaten
9. I ________ (d) my hmewrk _____________(nt finished) his hmewrk ever _____(be) t Beijing?12.We ______ never ______ (see) such an exciting match _____ just _______(clean) the huse. Please dn’t cme _____________(practice) this dialgue twice.
has nt finished
have practiced
15. I (nt read) the bk befre.16. My sister (walk) t schl every day last year.17. We (have) an exam again smetime next week.18. I (hear) frm my father recently.19. Lucy (g) t Shanghai. She (leave) this mrning. 20. Tm (buy) the bike fr 2 years.
haven’t read
21. I ________(have) lunch already.22. Has the train_______ (arrive), yet?23.Tme ____ never_______ (be t ) China.24. The twin ______just _____(see) my father.25. The twins ____(see) my father just nw.
例：I bught a new cmputer last week.(只强调动作发生在过去。)I have bught a new cmputer.(不强调动作什么时候发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。)
一般过去时和现在完成的区别
1.I _________(see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing! I _________(see) it ne mnth ag.
2.--Is yur grandfather still alive? --N, he _____already ______(die). --When _______he _______(die)? --He _______last year(die).
has died
did die
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
3. -- I _______just _______ (hear) f the earthquake in Tangshan. --The earthquake? --Yes, it _________(happen) n March 6th, three days ag.
4.Mr. Li _______(begin) t wrk in this factry in 1990.He ___________ (wrk) in the factry fr 20 years.
5. The Greens _________(live) in China since they _______(mve) here in 2003.
have heard
1. ______ yu ______ (hear) frm Sandy recently, Jim?2. Li Ping’s father _________(g) t Paris already.3. They ___________(mve) t Beijing since yu left here.4. —______yu ________(finish) yur hmewrk yet?—N. But I ___________(finish) it sn.5. ______ yu ______ (have) yur breakfast?—Yes. I have. I ______ (have) it at 6: 00.
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Have heard
Have finished
will finished
Have had
1. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句)She _________ cleaned the kitchen ________.2. They have visited sme interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)________ they _______ ______ interesting places in China?
hasn’t yet
Have visited any
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