人教版初中英语八年级上册 Unit 8 知识点

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?1. turn on  turn off  turn up  turn down注意：“名词中后放，代词放中间”  turn on/off 与open/close 的区别_____________________________________________________________________ 2. cut up  _______________Please help me cut up the apples.Hand the meat to me. I’ll cut it up.cut短语合集:  cut down  cut off  cut in  cut out练习：To feed her little son, Mrs. Smith has to ______the vegetables and meat.      A. make up          B. put up      C. set up       D. set up 3. pour……into……         将…….倒进…….里  pour…..out(of)…..       ___________________Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.Please pour the milk out.Don’t pour the water out of bottle.into 与in 辨析into表动态的介词， She walked into the room.在put, throw等动词之后，既可以用in，也可以用into,这时in也可表示动态，常含有into 的意思He put all the books in/into the bag.in表静态的介词,   She is walking in the room.副词，Come in! 4. make (________________)    ______________  make sb. sth=make sth for sb.  ________________  Mother often makes some fresh juice for us.   shake   __________  shake one’s head      __________________  shake hands (with sb)   __________________The house shook when the earthquake started.People in Iran often shake hands when they meet. 5. need______________  需要need sb./sth.    _____________________We need a driver for the school bus.need to do sth.   ____________________They need to improve their English.need doing sth.   _____________________________________________The door needs repairing.________________ 需要You needn’t take any medicine. 注意：由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t/doesn’t have to.练习：---Must the children get up at six tomorrow morning?      ---No, they ____. Let them have a good sleep on weekends.      A. can’t          B. needn’t          C. mustn’t       D. may not 6. how much与how many区别how much多少 —How much water do you want?—Two bottles.  —How much are your shoes?—80 yuan.how many多少 —How many books do you have?—Ten. 7. 基数词/冠词+表示计量单位的名词+of     用来表示数量，修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数a cup of teathree bags of saltten bottles of waterfive basket of flowers练习：---What else do we need to make cold beef?      ---_____________.      A. Two spoons salt        B. Two spoons of salts     C. Two spoons of salt 8. put……into…… 把…….放进……..里  Some factories put their waste into rivers.   add   (_____________)      _____________  add…….to…..            添加……….到…….  If you add five to six, you will get eleven.add toadd upadd up to The TV adds to our happiness.All of these add up to 20. 9. another +基数词+名词=基数词+more/other+名词  ______________  They need another 10 boys to help with the work. =They need 10 more/other boys to help with the work.   That’s it?  （口语）这就结束了？/这就完了吗？（用来询问某事是否结束了）  That’s it.    表示某事了结，停止，结束等，或用于告诉某人某事做得没错。           ---You finished reading the book, right?           ---Yeah, that’s it. 10. Finally, don’t forget to add some salt.Finally    (__________)     __________            形容词____________同义短语    at last/ in the end 拓展：first, next, then与finally一起使用，意为“首先….,接下来….，然后…..,最后….”,用来描述做某件事的过程或步骤的先后顺序，使叙述更加条理。First, cut up an apple. Next, put it into the blender and add some milk. Then, turn on the blender. Finally, enjoy your apple milk shake. 11. Do you how to plant a tree?   how to plant a tree 结构“疑问词+动词不定式”动词不定式常与what, how, where, when 等疑问词连用，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。When to start is not decided yet.I don’t know how to use this machine.The question is what to do next. 拓展：“疑问词+动词不定式”结构的同义转换I don’t know what to do next. =I don’t know what I should do next.动词不定式的动词后面是否加借此。若疑问词为代词，且不定式中的动词为不及物动词，应加介词。There are many rooms. I can’t decide which to live in.动词不定式的动词后面是否需要宾语。I don’t know what to do.I don’t know how to do it.注意：what 是代词，可做do的宾语，所以不能再加it；      how是连接副词，作状语，所以需要it作do的宾语。练习：我们还没决定什么时候去探望爷爷奶奶。      We haven’t decided ________ _______ _________ our grandparents. 12. In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holidays.   traditional  （_______）  ____________   作定语或表语In fact, many people like traditional Chinese medicine in the world.tradition     (_________)   ____________It’s our tradition to eat zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival.练习： In most countries, people usually eat t___________ food on special holidays. 13. Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life.a time to do sth.   做某事的时候Spring is a good time to fly kites. 动词不定式作定语       常放在被修饰名词之后，即作后置定语The beginning of the year is usually a time to make resolutions.I have a letter to write.I have no pen to write with.注意：当动词不定式中的动词和被修饰的词是动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词时，其后应加适当的介词。 练习： A friend in need is a friend indeed. All of us need a friend _________.       A. to talk with      B. talking with      C. to talk give thanks for sth        give thanks to sb   give thanks to sb. for sthTom gave thanks to his friends for their help.I’d like give thanks for your help. 定语从句I’m looking for the ball (that) I bought yesterday.The book that is on the desk is Tom’s. 14. Families see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate it with a big family meal.family        家人    指家庭成员，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。His family are discussing their holiday plan.        家，家庭。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式Jim’s family is small.see…..as……   把……看作…….I see the job as a challenge.Tom sees things differently now.celebrate    __________celebration   ___________a celebration of…….        ………的庆祝birthday celebration    _______________ I think this is a cause for celebration.15. prepare    _____________________        prepare sth.   _____________________   Please prepare tools before we work.        Prepare sth. for…….     _______________My mother prepared a nice meal for us.        Prepare sb. for sth.   _________________Parents should prepare their children for any problem.        prepare to do sth. (=get/be ready to do sth)   _____________Tom prepared to take a holiday.        Prepare for (=get/be ready for)     ______________Lucy is preparing for her talent show now.练习： If you want to get a prize in the speech competition, you should________(准备) for it well. 16. fill   _________________   反义词 empty       _______________fill A with B   _______________The magician is filling the cup with water.be filled with (=be full of)   ________________练习： Don’t lose heart. Life is _______  ________ surprise and hope. 17. place         动词    ______________He placed the machine under the table.        名词    _______________a place of interestQufu is an educational place. cover        动词     __________________cover…..with…….    __________________be covered with………   ________________The mountain is covered with thick snow all year round.5G networks will cover many cities in China soon.        名词     _________________The cover of the book is nice.You can use a cover to cover the pan.serve  动词  _______________        serve sb. (with) sth=serve sth. to sb   She serves some coffee to her friend.=She served her friend (with) some coffee.service   名词______________ take one’s temperature ______________18. To make this special food, you need to have rice noodles, chicken soup, chicken, lettuce and eggs.动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首或句末，句中，表示为了做某事To pass the driving test, he practices again and again.We’d better follow the seven-step hand-washing method __________(keep) healthy. 19. Now, it is time to enjoy the rice noodles!        It’s time (for sb) to do sth.   __________________    It’s time to make resolutions.It’s time for us to protect our environment.        It’s time for sth.  ______________________    It’s time for dinner= it’s time to have dinner. 20. 祈使句肯定形式类型主要结构例句Do型动词原形(+宾语)……Add some water.Be型Be+表语……Be careful!Let型Let+宾语+动词原形Let me read the letter for you.否定形式        Don’t +动词原形Don’t go out at night.        Never+动词原形Never be late again!        Let型祈使句的否定形式，表示命令时通常在句首加don’t.表示请求或建议时通常在宾语后、动词原形前加not.Don’t let them go.Let’s not talk about it.        No+v-ing/n.No smoking.No photos.反意疑问句        表请求时附加问句通常用will youPlease call us soon, will you?        表劝说，邀请时附加问句用won’t youCome to stay with us, won’t you?        否定形式的祈使句，附加问句用will youDon’t go out alone at night, will you?        Let us 开头的祈使句，附加问句用will youLet us have a rest, will you?        Let’s 开头的祈使句，附加问句用 shall weLet’s play the piano after school, shall we?  Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词1. I need some _________(蜜蜂) for my milk shake.2. ____________(秋季) is my favorite season.3. Can you tell me how to ____________(庆祝) Children’s Day in China?4. How much sugar should I ___________(添加)？5. The mid-Autumn Festival is a _______________(传统的) festival in China. Ⅱ. 单项填空1. Please _____the TV. There is a basketball match. Let’s watch it.  A. turn on        B. turn off       C. open         D. close2. ---______ yogurt do you want?  ---Three cups.  A. How many        B. How much      C. How long     D. How far3. There are three bananas. Please _____.  A. cut up them                           B. cut up it  C. cut them up                           D. cut it up4. I tried many times over and over again. ______, I made it.  A. First          B. Hardly          C. Next         D. Finally5. ---Let’s make Russia soup.  ---________.  A. You’re welcome                        B. That’s a good idea  C. Thank you                             D. That’s all right6. Could you please put some ______in my cup? I’d like sweet coffee.  A. sugar         B. salt            C. ice           D. pepper7. Here ____ four glasses ______ water.  A. is; of           B. are; of          C. is; for           D. are; for8. We need to _____ the bananas before we eat them.  A. mix            B. pour          C. cut            D. peel9. They usually celebrate the Spring Festival _____a big family meal.  A. of              B. at            C. with              D. to10. ---______do you make a paper bird?   ---Very simple. Let me show you.   A. What           B. How           C. Where         D. When Ⅲ.完形填空Ingredients        3 cups of strawberries        2 small apples        1 bag of sugar        2 teaspoons of vanilla syrup(香草糖浆)        Crushed ice(碎冰)                       Apples Strawberry Slush(冰沙)  Wash and peel two _1_ apples. _2_ the apples into pieces.  Wash strawberries and _3_ them dry.  Cut _4_ strawberries in half and put them in a bowl. Add some sugar and stir(搅拌). Put the bowl of strawberries aside(旁边).  Put the slices of apples in a blender; turn it on until there _5_ no slices of apples left. Pour it into a bowl and put it aside.  Stir the strawberries and sugar, pour strawberries into the blender and _6_ the blender.  Pour the strawberry paste(糊状物) into a medium size bowl and add the apple paste. Add the vanilla syrup and stir until they are well mixed.  Put some _7_ in glasses.  Fill the _8_ with the apple and strawberry mixture. Then mix _9_ all up. Now, just put a spoon in each glass and this _10_. Apples Strawberry Slush is OK to drink.1. A. big          B. small          C. medium          D. green2. A. Cut          B. Add           C. Make            D. Put3. A. let           B. made         C. make             D. help4. A. a            B. an            C. the              D. /5. A. was          B. were          C. is                D. are6. A. turn on       B. turn off        C. open             D. close7. A. ice           B. ices           C. salt              D. sauce8. A. blender       B. cup           C. bowl             D. bag9. A. they          B. them          C. it               D. its10. A. boiled        B. cool           C. hot             D. warm Ⅳ.七选五  In China, almost everyone knows zongzi, no matter she is a 6-year-old girl or a 60-year-old lady. Why? Because it’s a kind of traditional Chinese food. _1_ And making zongzi is an important way to celebrate the day.  There are many kinds of zongzi in China. _2_ People in some places in the south of China like to eat salty zongzi while some people in the north of China like eating sweet zongzi. _3_.  First, wash and cook the bamboo leaves for a few minutes.  Next, wash the sticky rice(糯米). Remember that the sticky rice doesn’t need to be washed for too long. And put some jujubes(枣子) into a pot and cook them for 10 to 15 minutes.  _4_  When they’re ready, put them into a pot, add some water and cook for about three hours.  Finally, put the zongzi in a plate and serve your family or friends. _5_  Why not choose someday and have a try? I’m sure your family or friends will like this kind of zongzi. A. You can eat them with sugar or honey.B. Today I want to teach you how to make jujube zongzi.C. It is the popular food of the Dragon Boat Festival.D. Then, put three bamboo leaves in your hand. Use a spoon to fill bamboo leaves with sticky tice and jujubes. Tie it up with a small and thin rope.E. They are in different shapes and tastes.F. It is the most popular food around China.G. I like zongzi very much.