2021-2022学年江苏省扬州中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年江苏省扬州中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共22页。
2021-2022学年江苏省扬州中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man have in his garden?
A. Bushes. B. Flowers. C. Trees.
2. When will the boy’s family go on holiday?
A. On July 30th. B. On August 5th. C. On August 12th.
3. Which part of the man’s body hurts?
A. His knee. B. His hand. C. His ankle.
4. Why is the woman calling?
A. To make an appointment
B. To cancel an appointment.
C. To put off an appointment
5. What does the man mean?
A. He will complete the report today.
B. He has no time to attend the meeting.
C. He needs to find some information for the report.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What are the speakers discussing?
A. What computer to choose. B. What game to play. C. What present to buy.
7. What advice does the man give to the woman?
A. Ask her parents for help. B. Share the cost. C. Buy a computer.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why didn’t the man watch Football Academy last night?
A. He had no time. B. He was too tired. C. He disliked the judges.
9. What do the speakers agree about Football Academy?
A. Viewers can learn a lot from the program.
B. There are too many similar programs on TV.
C. The program should be shown at an earlier time.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does a storm chaser follow storms?
A. To study them. B. To experience them. C. To do experiments
11. What does Dr Robert usually do to study tornadoes?
A. Read magazines about tornadoes.
B. Measure tornadoes closely in his car.
C. Invent instruments to forecast tornadoes.
12. What does Dr Robert plan to do in the future?
A. Publish an article on tornado in a magazine.
B. Get more people interested in tornado.
C. Record the inside of a tornado.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. Boss and employee.
14. Why is the man flying to Rome?
A To meet a designer. B. To sell books and CDs. C. To start a new company.
15. What will the man do on Sunday?
A. Go to the seaside. B. Have a good rest. C. Study for exams.
16.How does the woman feel about the man’s weekend plans?
A. Interested. B. Worried. C. Angry.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does Walter do as a volunteer?
A. He talks to people living alone.
B. He helps old people cook.
C. He delivers hot food.
18. How long does it take Walter to finish his volunteer job?
A. About two hours. B. About half a day. C. About a day.
19. How often does Kate volunteer at Children’s Hospital?
A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week.
20. What does Kate think of volunteering at Children’s Hospital?
A. It needs patience. B. It turns out difficult. C. It’s rewarding.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Explore Nice in France - how car travel makes for a memorable holiday.
A classic option to explore the celebrated city of France, such as Nice is through hard travel. Cruising through the South of France, there are museums and restaurants to experience. Visiting these attractions is most convenient with a car. As hiring a car in Nice from the airport is simple. One can sit back and drive through the wonderful country lands without a care in the world. The west side has small hills while the east extends to the Mediterranean Sea. Peaceful vineyards, quiet villages at a rich life awaits you if you drive through the countryside.
Restaurants
The kitchen delights that Nice offers are the cities chief attraction. The Cours Saleya market, offers fine delicacies while sipping the Provencal wine is another soothing experience. Overall, Coted’ Azur can be put as the gastronomic capital of France.
Beaches
Being along the coastline，Nice offers some really warm and relaxing beaches to its tourists lined with cosy seaside apartments and hotels.
Tips for Hiring a Car
Choose a car which can easily accommodate you and your family without being too big-- Traffic can be a major issue in some cities.
A GPS navigation system aids in traveling without getting lost and also helps in saving time.
Check with various number of car hire companies for the different prices so that you do not end up with an expensive package. Traveling to France has perhaps been on the wish lists of every travel-hungry person. And you can make your trip even more memorable by traveling through the country in the car.
1. What can be learned about Nice from the passage?
A. It is located far from the sea.
B. It has quiet villages and vineyards
C. It is no easy way to hire a car in Nice.
D. It offers the warmest beach to tourists.
2. When hiring a car in France, you are advised to ________
A. Choose one as big as possible.
B. Ignore the GPS navigation system.
C. Pay for your accommodation in advance.
D. Check with companies for reasonable prices.
3. This passage is intended for________
A. drivers B. travelers
C. passengers D. tour guides
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文，介绍了在法国城市Nice旅游的相关信息和攻略。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Peaceful vineyards, quiet villages at a rich life awaits you if you drive through the countryside.”（如果你驾车穿过乡村，宁静的葡萄园、宁静的村庄，丰富的生活正等着你）可知Nice拥有宁静的葡萄园和村庄。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段“Check with various number of car hire companies for the different prices so that you do not end up with an expensive package.”（向不同的汽车租赁公司询问租车的价格，这样你可以避免租到高价车。）可知提前问价，货比三家，就能以更合理的价格租到车。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。全文介绍了在法国城市Nice旅游的攻略，所以是针对游客的一份旅游指南。故选B项。
B
Anyone who commutes(通勤)by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life. But humans are not alone in facing potential backups.
Ants also commute—between their nest and sources of food. The survival of their habitats depends on doing this efficiently.
When humans commute, there’s a point at which cars become dense(稠密) enough to slow down the flow of traffic, causing jam. Researchers wanted to know if ants on the move could also get stuck. So they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched, trying to find out at what point they are going to have a traffic jam.
But it appears that that never happened. They always managed to avoid traffic jam. The flow of ants did increase at the beginning as ants started to fill the bridge and then levelled off at high densities. But it never slowed down or stopped, even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants.
The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole. And they found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents jams. These behaviors may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is. The ants also manage to avoid colliding(碰撞) with each other at high densities, which could really slow them down.
Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? Not likely. That’s because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ants have to be more cooperative in order to feed the colony. But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow for self-driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humans—and more like ants.
4. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Surviving. B. Commuting. C. Finding food. D. Avoiding jams.
5. How did the researchers control the traffic density of the commuting ants?
A. Through closer observation. B. By regulating their numbers.
C. By finding out the dense points. D. By controlling the widths of their path.
6. How can ants avoid traffic jam according to the research?
A. They follow a special route.
B. They level off at high densities.
C. They never stop or slow down on the way.
D. They depend on their natural chemicals to adjust their speeds.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Traffic jams B. Survival of an ant colony
C. Unavoidable? Not for ants! D. Differences between human and ants
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蚂蚁在食物搬运的通勤过程中是如何避免交通拥堵的，同时提出蚂蚁的这项技能应是可以有助于改善自动驾驶的汽车。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。分析可知，“this”用于指代前文提及的事物，因此结合前文“Ants also commute—between their nest and sources of food.(蚂蚁也会在它们的巢穴和食物来源之间往返。)”可知，this所在句“The survival of their habitats depends on doing this efficiently.”应是强调对于蚂蚁来说，在食物和巢穴之间往返的效率决定了该栖息地的生存，由此可知，this应是指代前文的核心词“commute”。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“So they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food.(因此，他们通过在阿根廷蚂蚁群和食物来源之间建造各种宽度的桥梁来调节交通密度。)”可知，研究人员通过控制蚂蚁的往返通道的宽度来控制他们的交通密度。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“And they found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents jams. These behaviors may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is.”可知，当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会调整速度，避免进入高密度区域，从而避免交通堵塞。这些行为可能是由信息素推动的，信息素是一种化学物质，可以告诉其他蚂蚁路线的位置。因此推知蚂蚁依靠他们的天然化学物质来调整他们的速度。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章主要讲述了蚂蚁在食物搬运的通勤过程中是如何避免交通拥堵的。选项C“Unavoidable? Not for ants!(交通拥堵不可避免？这不适用于蚂蚁！)”贴合主题，可作最佳标题。故选C项。
【点睛】如何处理指示代词的指代问题？
第一步：返回原文，找出出题的指代词。第二步：相似搜索，找最近的名词，名词性短语或句子。第三步：将找到的词，词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。第四步：将找到的词，词组或句子与四个选项对比，找出最佳答案。比如文章的第1小题：
1. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Surviving. B. Commuting. C. Finding food. D. Avoiding jams.
代词指代题。返回原文，this所在句为“The survival of their habitats depends on doing this efficiently.”且结合之前“doing”可知，应是一种“行为动作”；最近的句子，即前文“Ants also commute—between their nest and sources of food.”中的“commute”意为“通勤；往返的路程”，符合分析，代入句中，即“The survival of their habitats depends on doing commuting efficiently.”意为“它们栖息地的生存依赖于有效地通勤”，句意通顺。因此B项为答案。
C
A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.
The study, published in the American Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.
“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.
“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”
For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”
Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children. A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.
“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”
8. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage?
A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.
B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.
C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.
D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.
9. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?
A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.
B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.
C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.
D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.
10. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects?
A. Having a father with a limited diet. B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.
C. Having an overweight father. D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.
11. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?
A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.
B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.
C. The clinical application of the research findings.
D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究表明父亲的年龄、饮酒和环境因素与孩童的出生缺陷相关。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. (乔治敦大学医学中心的研究人员说，越来越多的研究正在揭示出生缺陷与父亲年龄、饮酒和环境因素之间的联系)”可知，父亲的年龄和生活方式与出生缺陷有关。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段中的“Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring. (高达75%的FASD儿童的亲生父亲都是酗酒者，这表明概念上的父亲饮酒会对他们的后代产生负面影响)”可知，父亲饮酒会对他们的后代产生负面影响，说明父亲的生活方式会对后代产生负面影响。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第六段中的“A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. (如果父亲在青春期之前限制饮食，那么子孙后代心血管死亡的风险就会大大降低)”可知，限制饮食的父亲，其子孙心血管死亡风险降低，这不太可能导致儿童出生缺陷。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段““This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”(Kitlinska在新闻发布会上说：“我们建议将父亲影响表观遗传的新发现应用于临床，而父亲也应该相应地改变他们的生活方式。为了能真正理解表观遗传对孩子的影响，我们需要了解母亲和父亲对孩子的相互作用，而不能将父母双方对孩子的影响分开考虑。”)”可知，作者认为要真正理解表观遗传对孩子的影响，我们需要了解母亲和父亲对孩子的相互作用。由此推知，文章接下来会研究母亲和父亲效应之间的相互作用。故选D项。
D
Since1972 Americans have sat through more than 9,000 episodes of“The Price is Right". a game show with an economic twist. After being selected from the audience by the famous catchphrase－“come on down”－contestants must guess the exact price of prizes. ranging from guitars to garden furniture. If they bid too high, they are disqualified. In a recent paper, Jonathan Hartley of Harvard Kennedy School points out an interesting trend. Contestants have got a lot worse at guessing prices.
Technology may play a role. Reaching for a smartphone is easier than recalling a fact from memory. Who remembers phone numbers anymore? People may just fall out of the habit of recalling prices. Still. the rise of the smartphone is a recent phenomenon - it cannot explain why contestants became worse guessers during thel970s, 1980s and 1990s.
Economic changes may be a better explanation. A paper published in 2001 suggested that higher GDP growth raised “price-recall error". Like the famous politician who thinks a gallon of milk costs S15, as people get richer they worry less about budgeting.
A related trend is that Americans devote a shrinking share of their household spending to goods - which tend to appear on "The Price Is Right" — and a rising share to services, such as dining and childcare. which do not. Contestants might be pretty good at guessing the price of a gym class or a babysitter.
Perhaps the most interesting explanation, however, relates to globalization. In the early 1970s consumers had a relatively limited selection of products to choose from. Around the time that “The Price Is Right” first aired, Sears catalogue s were hundreds of pages long. But a search on Amazon brings up nearly1,000 results just for the word “toaster". Firms offer a huge range of differentiated products at wildly different prices, allowing consumers to satisfy their special wants. The result is that guessing prices is trickier.
The rise of online shopping adds further confusion. Online retailers respond instantly to fluctuations in supply and demand. Alberto Cavallo of Harvard Business School finds that some large retailers now change their prices. both upwards and downwards, twice as frequently as they did a decade ago. All of this suggests that contestants' guesses may yet get worse.
12. What does Jonathan Hartley find out from “The Price Is Right"?
A. People are becoming less price-sensitive.
B. Technology makes it easier to guess prices.
C. Guessing prices has become a growing trend.
D. It's necessary to have the habit of guessing prices.
13. Why does the author mention "the price of a gallon of milk" in Paragraph 3?
A. To present "The Price Is Right" tends to focus on daily goods.
B. To complain “Price-recall error" is common among politicians.
C. To reveal Americans are spending more on services than goods.
D. To show a good economy makes people less concerned about prices.
14. In which way does globalization make guessing prices difficult?
A. It has caused frequent price wars.
B. It has brought a wealth of products.
C. It directs people's attention to online shopping.
D. It leads to huge price differences among retailers.
15. The underlined word “fluctuations” in the last paragraph means .
A. Goals. B. Changes. C. Charges. D. Examples.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有人发现人们对价格越来越不敏感了，解释了这一现象背后的原因和这一现象会造成的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In a recent paper, Jonathan Hartley of Harvard Kennedy School points out an interesting trend. Contestants have got a lot worse at guessing prices.(在最近的一篇论文中，哈佛大学肯尼迪学院的乔纳森•哈特利指出了一个有趣的趋势。选手们猜价格的能力更差了)”可知，乔纳森·哈特利从《价格竞猜》中发现了人们对价格越来越不敏感。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Economic changes may be a better explanation. A paper published in 2001 suggested that higher GDP growth raised “price-recall error". Like the famous politician who thinks a gallon of milk costs S15, as people get richer they worry less about budgeting.(经济变化可能是一个更好的解释。2001年发表的一篇论文指出，更高的GDP增长导致了“价格召回错误”。就像著名的政治家认为一加仑牛奶要15先令一样，人们越富有，就越不担心预算问题)”可推知，作者在第三段提到“一加仑牛奶的价格”是为了表明良好的经济使人们不那么关心价格。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Perhaps the most interesting explanation, however, relates to globalization. In the early 1970s consumers had a relatively limited selection of products to choose from. Around the time that “The Price Is Right” first aired, Sears catalogue s were hundreds of pages long. But a search on Amazon brings up nearly1,000 results just for the word “toaster". Firms offer a huge range of differentiated products at wildly different prices, allowing consumers to satisfy their special wants. The result is that guessing prices is trickier.(然而，也许最有趣的解释与全球化有关。20世纪70年代初，消费者可以选择的产品相对有限。在《价格竞猜》第一次播出的时候，西尔斯的产品目录长达数百页。但在亚马逊上搜索“烤面包机”一词，就会得到近1000条结果。 公司以不同的价格提供各种各样的产品，以满足消费者的特殊需求。结果是，猜测价格变得更加棘手)”可知，全球化带来了丰富的产品，使猜测价格变得困难。故选B。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Online retailers respond instantly to”以及后文“Alberto Cavallo of Harvard Business School finds that some large retailers now change their prices.”可知，在线零售商对供求改变会立即做出反应。哈佛商学院的Alberto Cavallo发现一些大型零售商现在改变了他们的价格。画线词意思是“改变”。A. Goals.目标；B. Changes.改变；C. Charges.费用；D. Examples.例子。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Understand the Mind of an Interviewer
Getting inside an interviewer’s head can be tricky, as their perspective will change according to personality type, professional role, and personal experience. ____16____
Research the company to determine what the interviewer is looking for. Company culture (work-life balance, atmosphere, etc.) is a great indicator of what your interviewer will want to see in candidates. ____17____ You can look for company mission statements for a better understanding of company culture, or quotes from top-level executives, like CEOs, which often set the tone for company culture.
Look up the interviewer when possible. ____18____ This is the perfect chance to look up background information on the interviewer on the company’s website. Professional and social media platforms can also help you better know what to expect from an interviewer.
____19____ Many interviewers determine the truthfulness of your resume this way. If you respond with answers that are inconsistent with what you wrote in your resume, many interviewers will interpret it as a red flag. Thus, remember to review the start and end dates of positions listed on your resume and try not to take offense to this kind of fact checking.
Identify how the interviewer’s position will influence expectations. The role of your interviewer usually has an impact on what that person expects from a candidate. An HR representative, for example, will want to know you’re a good fit with the company culture and values. A direct manager, however, would be most interested in your practical ability to do the job.
Regardless of their roles, most interviewers will want to know you’ll make their lives easier. ____20____
A. Expect the interviewer to quiz you on your resume.
B. Be consistent with what you wrote in your resume.
C. However, you can research on the interviewer and tailor your answers to stand out.
D. So try to stress this during the interview.
E. Usually, you’ll be informed of your interviewer’s name before you meet them.
F. Therefore, it’s not an easy job to understand their mind.
G. In most situations, interviewers will expect you to share similar values with the company.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述如何去了解面试官的想法，并帮助自己面试成功，获得理想的工作。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Getting inside an interviewer’s head can be tricky, as their perspective will change according to personality type, professional role, and personal experience.”（了解面试官的想法是很困难的，因为他们的视角会根据性格类型、职业角色和个人经历而改变。），以及下文通过几个段落来说明了解面试官想法的一些途径。可知，此处要选择一个句子承上启下。C项“However, you can research on the interviewer and tailor your answers to stand out.”（不过，你可以调查一下面试官，让自己的回答脱颖而出。）符合文意。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段首句“Research the company to determine what the interviewer is looking for.”（调查一下公司，确定面试官想要的是什么。），可知本段作者建议的方法是先搜索了解一下这家公司，清楚他们需要什么样的人才。G项“In most situations, interviewers will expect you to share similar values with the company.”（在大多数情况下，面试官希望你和公司有相似的价值观。） 符合文意。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“Look up the interviewer when possible.”（有可能的话查找一下面试官的相关信息。）以及空格后的“This is the perfect chance to look up background information on the interviewer on the company’s website.”（这是在公司网站上查询面试官背景信息的绝佳机会。），可知本段建议要在面试前了解一下面试官的背景信息。E项“Usually, you’ll be informed of your interviewer’s name before you meet them.”（通常，在你见到面试官之前，你就会知道他们的名字。）符合文意。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据空格后“Many interviewers determine the truthfulness of your resume this way.”（许多面试官通过这种方式来判断你简历的真实性。）中的this way以及resume，可知前句作者的建议中应该是和简历相关。A项“Expect the interviewer to quiz you on your resume.”（期待面试官对你的简历进行测试。）符合文意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据前句“Regardless of their roles, most interviewers will want to know you’ll make their lives easier. ”（不管他们的角色是什么，大多数面试官都想知道你能让他们的生活更轻松。），可知本段属于总结性段落，对上文的一些建议作总结。D项“So try to stress this during the interview.”（所以在面试中要强调这一点。）符合文意。故选D项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A poet is in his words
The writings of William Shakespeare are today____21____ read by young people in Britain. His young readership is ____22____ to those who choose to study literature at university.
____23____, in British schools, it is required to study the poet, and when something is made compulsory, usually the result is ____24____, resentment or both. Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen-for many of the young, reading them can seem like being forced to eat ____25____, especially when people are at an age when they are beginning to discover themselves and wanting to ____26____ their independence.
This was my experience of the classics at school. But when I reached my late teenage years I had a change of heart. Like every other young person since the dawn of time, the world ____27____ me. I wanted answers, so I ____28____ books to find them.
I went on to take a PhD in ____29____ and have taught the subject in universities in Britain and China. I have never regretted it. There is something in literature that people want, ____30____ they don't read books. You see this in the ____31____ of TV and movie adaptations of great works, the recent film version of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice being a case in point. These popular adaptations may help increase people's interest in the classic.
Reading a ____32____ Romeo and Juliet may perhaps lead to a reading of Shakespeare's actual play. If that is the case, then I welcome the trend. ____33____, do not make the mistake of thinking that it is the same thing. Shakespeare is a poet and his greatness is in his ____34____. Reading someone else's rewriting of his work is like peeling a banana, throwing away the fruit, and eating the skin. Take on the ____35____. It really is worth the effort.
21. A. often B. little C. simply D. just
22. A. limited B. opposed C. attached D. used
23. A. Thus B. So C. Still D. Even
24. A. love B. boredom C. affection D. regret
25. A. meat B. oatmeal C. crow D. medicine
26. A. recover B. claim C. fight D. struggle
27. A. confused B. shocked C. hurt D. acknowledged
28. A. appealed to B. objected to C. turned to D. submitted to
29. A. science B. history C. art D. literature
30. A. even if B. as if C. only if D. if only
31. A. similarity B. resistance C. popularity D. restriction
32. A. borrowed B. worn C. simplified D. torn
33. A. However B. Besides C. Hence D. Rather
34. A. vocabulary B. language C. character D. production
35. A. initial B. memorial C. trial D. original
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者介绍了莎翁作品在英国的现状、自己攻读文学博士学位的经历以及自己对读莎翁作品的看法。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如今，英国的年轻人很少读威廉·莎士比亚的作品。A. often常常；B. little一点；C. simply仅仅；D. just刚刚。根据下文“His young readership is 　2　 too those who choose to study literature at university. ”可知，学习文学的人才读莎士比亚的作品，所以读莎士比亚的年青人很少。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的年轻读者仅限于那些选择在大学学习文学的人。A. limited限制；B. opposed反对；C. attached系上；D. used使用。根据句中“to those who choose to study literature at university.”可知，读莎士比亚的人仅限于(be limited to)在大学学习文学的人。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在英国的学校仍然要求学习威廉·莎士比亚，当某件事成为强制性的时候，结果通常是无聊、怨恨或两者兼而有之。A. Thus因此；B. So如此；C. Still然而；D. Even甚至。尽管上文讲现在读莎士比亚的人很少，但下文“in British schools, it is required to study the poet”说英国学校仍然要求学习莎士比亚，上下文有转折关系，用副词still，表 示“然而”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在英国的学校仍然要求学习威廉·莎士比亚，当某件事成为强制性的时候，结果通常是厌倦、怨恨或两者兼而有之。A. love爱；B. boredom无聊，厌倦；C. affection喜爱；D. regret懊悔。结合常识和句中“resentment”可推知，当强制做某事时，它就让人厌倦(boredom)， 引发怨恨。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚、查尔斯·狄更斯、简·奥斯汀——对许多年轻人来说，读这些书就像是被迫服药，尤其是当人们正处于开始发现自我、想要获得独立的年龄阶段。A. meat肉；B. oatmeal燕麦粥；C. crow乌鸦；D. medicine药品。结合语境和句中动词eat可知，强迫年轻人读书就像强迫他们服药，其它选项不匹配。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚、查尔斯·狄更斯、简·奥斯汀——对许多年轻人来说，读这些书就像是被迫服药，尤其是当人们正处于开始发现自我、想要获得独立的年龄阶段。A. recover恢复 ；B. claim要求，获得；C. fight斗争；D. struggle挣扎。结合常识和句中“people are at an age when they are beginning to discover themselves ”和“their independence”可知，处于自我意识这一年龄阶段的年轻人想要获得独立。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和其他的年轻人一样，这个世界从一开始就困扰着我。A. confused使困惑；B. shocked使震惊；C. hurt使受伤；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“I wanted answers,”可知，作者有疑问，这个世界让他感到困惑。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想要答案，所以我翻书寻找答案。A. appealed to吸引；B. objected to反对；C. turned to求助于；D. submitted to屈服于。根据句中“books to find them”可知，作者向书籍寻求答案。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我继续攻读文学博士学位，并在英国和中国的大学教授这一学科。A. science科学；B. history历史；C. art艺术；D. literature文学。根据上文可知，作者试图从文学著作中去寻找答案，解决自己的困惑，由此推知，他选择了攻读文学博士学位。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使人们不读书，文学中有一些他们想要的东西。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. only if只有；D. if only要是……多好。根据“they don't read books”和“There is something in literature that people want”可知，两句句意有转折对比关系，即使他们不读书，但文学中也有一些他们想要的东西是，用 even if引导让步状语从句。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以从伟大作品改编的电视和电影的流行中看到这一点，最近的电影版简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》就是一个很好的例子。A. similarity相似；B. resistance抵制；C. popularity流行；D. restriction限制。根据下文“These popular adaptations”可知，这些改编的电视和电影都很流行，受欢迎。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读简化版的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》可能会引导我们去阅读真正的莎士比亚剧本。A. borrowed借；B. worn穿；C. simplified简化；D. torn撕开。根据下文“lead to a reading of Shakespeare's actual play”可知，之前读的是简化(simplified)版。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，不要错误地认为这是同一件事。A. However然而；B. Besides另外；C. Hence因此；D. Rather宁愿。结合上文和下文“do not make the mistake of thinking that it is the same thing”可知，尽管作者认为读简化版有好处，但也告诫它们不是一回事，上下文有转折关系。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚是一位诗人，他的伟大之处在于他的语言。A. vocabulary词汇；B. language语言；C. character性格；D. production产量。结合常识和下文“Shakespeare is a poet and his greatness is in his”可知，诗人的伟大在之处在于他的语言。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去读原著。A. initial首字母；B. memorial 纪念碑；C. trial审判；D. original原著。结合上文可知，作者认为简化版或者改编版的莎士比亚作品就像只有皮的香蕉，他还是建议读者读原著。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The way to a man’s heart is through his stomach. This is ____36____ China offered me the moment my feet touched its ground. As someone who loves food, I couldn’t help but ____37____ (worry) about eating food foreign to my tongue. I love my country’s foods and I have a bias when it comes to dishes. I have always been fond of my mom’s homemade dishes and consider them ____38____ (good) in the world. Being far away from home for the first time, finding good food was my priority.
One day, my Chinese lab mates took me to a Chinese restaurant near our university. It was a treat from our senior, and it was indeed a celebration of food, somewhat of a dinner gathering. It was the first time that I ____39____ (witness) such a meal, with more than 10 dishes on the table. As I am a slow eater, I was quite ____40____ (hesitate) to try all the dishes. Also, knowing from my past experience of Chinese food, I thought that I should only pick what I could eat. Eventually, one of my lab mates sitting next to me convinced me to give each of the dishes a try. There was no single dish that I did not like. Each dish appealed to my palate, and I forgot to slow down.
There is a Chinese proverb which goes like Duō chī shū cài, shǎo chī ròu which means “Eat more vegetables, and less meat.” This is the very first thing ____41____ I learned from my entire search for good food. Chinese dishes are cooked ____42____ (delicacy) with leafy vegetables and spices. This is the secret to their ____43____ (vary). Chinese people greatly enjoy eating in groups as it is the best way of relieving the stress from their everyday work routine. That experience with my lab mates opened my heart to more Chinese cuisine adventures.
One cannot deny that food is ____44____ main source of our happiness and it is indeed our thirst _____45_____ survival. China won my heart when it got through my stomach.
【答案】36 what
37. worry 38. the best
39. had witnessed
40. hesitant
41 that 42. delicately
43. variety
44. a 45. for
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对中国美食的喜爱和食物对我们的意义。
【36题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：要抓住男人的心先要抓住他的胃。这就是在我踏上中国土地的那一刻，中国教给我的。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为表语从句，从句中缺少“offered”的直接宾语，指物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：作为一个热爱食物的人，我禁不住要担心吃我舌头不习惯的食物。根据句意可知，句子涉及固定短语“couldn’t help but do sth.”，意为“禁不住做某事”，“worry”意为“担心”，动词词性，故空格处应用“worry”的原形。故填worry。
【38题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：我一直很喜欢我妈妈做的家常菜，认为它们是世界上最好的。根据句意和句中“in the world”可知，句子应用最高级，指妈妈做的家常菜是世界上最好的，“good”意为“好的”，形容词词性，最高级为“best”，意为“最好的”，最高级前用定冠词“the”修饰。故填the best。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：这是我第一次看到这样一顿饭，桌上摆着十多道菜。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“It was the+序数词+time+that从句”，此时“that”引导的从句要用过去完成时，“witness”意为“当场看到，目击”，动词词性，过去分词为“witnessed”。故填had witnessed。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因为我吃得很慢，所以我很犹豫要不要尝所有的菜。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作表语，表示主语的状态，“hesitate”意为“犹豫”，动词词性，对应的形容词为“hesitant”，意为“犹豫的”。故填hesitant。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我在寻找美食的过程中学到的第一件事。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“thing”，指物，在从句中作宾语，先行词前面有“the very first”修饰，故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国菜用多叶蔬菜和香料精心烹调。分析句子可知，“cooked”为动词，应用副词修饰，“delicacy”意为“脆弱”，名词词性，对应的副词为“delicately”，意为“精致地，巧妙地”，在句中作状语。故填delicately。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：这就是它们多样性的秘密。分析句子可知，“their”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，“vary”意为“变化”，动词词性，对应的名词为“variety”，意为“多样性”，为不可数名词。故填variety。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们不能否认，食物是我们幸福的一个主要来源，它确实是我们对生存的渴望。根据句意可知，句中泛指一个主要来源，故空格处应用不定冠词修饰，“main”音标第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们不能否认，食物是我们幸福的一个主要来源，它确实是我们对生存的渴望。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“thirst for…”，意为“对……的渴望”，句中指对生存的渴望，故空格处应用介词“for”。故填for。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来，为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化，学生会将为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示，用英语向他们发出口头通知。
时间：下周五6：00 -8：00
地点：教学楼101室
内容：1．唱中国歌2．比赛用筷子（chopsticks）3．学习包饺子
注意：
1．词数不少于80；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good afternoon, everyone. May I have your attention, please?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your attention.
【答案】Good afternoon, everyone. May I have your attention, please?
To help you have a better understanding of Chinese e culture, the Students ‘Union will organize a New Year's party. You can sing Chinesee songs, have a competition using chopsticks and learn how to make dumplings. These are all typical Chinesee activities, and I believe you will have great fun.
The party will be in Room 101, Classroom Building at 6 p.m. next Friday. It will last about two hours. Please come and join the fun!
Thank you for your attention.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份活动的通知。通知即将为外国留学生举办的新年晚会。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文。
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般将来时。
结构：总分法。
要求：
时间：下周五6：00 -8：00
地点：教学楼101室
内容：1．唱中国歌2．比赛用筷子（chopsticks）3．学习包饺子
第二步：列提纲（重点短语）
have a better understanding of; typical Chinesee activities
第三步：连词成句
1.To help you have a better understanding of Chinese e culture, the Students ‘Union will organize a New Year's party.
2.These are all typical Chinesee activities, and I believe you will have great fun.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇
1.表示文章结构顺序：说明活动时间和地点；阐述活动内容。
2.表示并列补充关系：and
第五步：润色修改
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如非谓语动词：To help you have a better understanding of Chinese e culture, the Students ‘Union will organize a New Year's party.；宾语从句：These are all typical Chinesee activities, and I believe you will have great fun. .…等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。
第二节 概要写作（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
There are some important regulations parents can take to make sure their kids use cell phones in a safe and responsible way. When kids know what the consequences are when rules aren’t followed, that makes life more predictable for them.
Most kids are not paying for their cell phones or their cell phone plans, so if you pay for it, you own it, which means you have the right to take it away anytime if they disobey the rules you set up earlier.
After a kid has a cell phone, suddenly parents discover data runs out half way through the month. This can get expensive and your kids need to know how to monitor their use. Also, teen cell phone addiction should be limited. Generally, it’s a good idea to have no cell phone policy while they are doing homework and at bedtime. Come to agreement in advance about what they are and aren’t allowed to download on their cell phone. There are some really bad apps for kids that you don’t want on their phones.
Make sure your kids understand how to set up their privacy. Talk with them about why guarding their privacy is so important. Many teens truly have no concept about everything that a cell phone can share about them including personal information and their location.
You want to cover what is and isn’t appropriate to share via a cell phone. This definitely means photos and language used in emails and on social media. But don’t forget simpler things like providing their address, their age or what school they go to online.
Lastly, there are times and places when using one’s cell phone is not appropriate. In movie theaters or during class time at school the phone should be on silent and put away. Additionally, when someone is having a face to face conversation with them, they need to be looking at the person, not their phone.
【答案】Parents can make rules to guide their kids to use cell phones safely and responsibly. (要点1) First, parents have the right to determine how to use cellphones because they own them. (要点2) Besides, parents should teach kids to use cell phones wisely. (要点3) Lastly, it is important to make sure they know how to protect their privacy. Meanwhile, when and where to use cell phones should also be told. (要点4)
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母可以采取一些重要的规定确保孩子安全、负责地使用手机。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①There are some important regulations parents can take to make sure their kids use cell phones in a safe and responsible way.
② so if you pay for it, you own it, which means you have the right to take it away anytime if they disobey the rules you set up earlier.
③ This can get expensive and your kids need to know how to monitor their use. Generally, it’s a good idea to have no cell phone policy while they are doing homework and at bedtime. Come to agreement in advance about what they are and aren’t allowed to download on their cell phone.
④ Make sure your kids understand how to set up their privacy.
⑤You want to cover what is and isn’t appropriate to share via a cell phone.
⑥ Lastly, there are times and places when using one’s cell phone is not appropriate.
2.缜密构思
将第3点进行整理概括，将第4、5两个要点进行重组
3.遣词造句
①Parents can make rules to guide their kids to use cell phones safely and responsibly.
②Parents have the right to determine how to use cellphones because they own them.
③Parents should teach kids to use cell phones wisely.
④It is important to make sure they know how to protect their privacy.
⑤When and where to use cell phones should also be told.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is important to make sure they know how to protect their privacy.（使用了it作形式主语，概括第四段的内容，表达非常高级。）
[高分句型2] When and where to use cell phones should also be told.（疑问词+不定式做主语，概括了最后一段的内容，用法比较高级）
听力答案：1---5 CBACA 6---10 CBBAA 11---15 BCBAB 16---20 CCABC