2022届北京一零一中学高三上学期10月月考英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022届北京一零一中学高三上学期10月月考英语试卷含解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A， t make等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Clleen and her husband were part f a grup walking the Overland Track. It was the fifth day f a 6-day walk. The guide, wh was waiting fr them at the nearest camp, had ___1___ them abut the slippery and ptentially dangerus cnditins. Clleen, an experienced adventurer frm Sydney, was a naturally ___2___ walker. She walked in frnt f her husband and carefully checked the safety f the track when they were ging dwn a steep slpe (陡坡). Suddenly she heard a cracking sund frm ___3___.
"When I realized what was happening, I was heading t a deep ditch (沟壑), my pack n my back." Clleen's fall was nly ___4___by the presence f a branch that stretched acrss the ditch and kept her frm a fall that culd therwise have been deadly.
Clleen hit her head badly and went int ___5___. She sn wke up and turned arund t see her husband sitting stunned n the side f the track. He had accidently fallen frm the tp. He had first slipped abve Clleen, and his full weight, with his pack, ___6___dwn n tp f her. He was uninjured, and Clleen was suspended n the branch. He reached ut t grab Clleen's arm. Clleen felt s painful, the wrst physical suffering she had ever felt in her life. She knew ___7___that her arm was brken.
Her husband tk her pack alng with his wn and tgether they struggled fr the final three kilmeters t the camp. Once they reached the camp, the guide gave her first aid and called fr the rescue helicpter immediately.
Clleen was ___8___t the nearest hspital by helicpter. She was examined in the hspital and was tld that her head and neck were kay, but her arm had been brken in fur places.
Later, Clleen recalled with emtin, "After this persnal experience f near-death and being saved, I realized that in sme situatins there's abslutely n ___9___t get t hspital, and the rescue helicpter was the nly way. At that mment, the mst ____10____ nise was hearing the helicpter cme. The helicpter rescue wrkers were s generus, s highly skilled as well. When they arrived with the plicemen, I was never mre grateful t see anyne in my whle life."
1. A. interviewedB. warnedC. askedD. taught
2. A. curiusB. independentC. cautiusD. patient
3. A. ppsiteB. aheadC. farawayD. abve
4. A. brkenB. causedC. fllwedD. prtected
5 A. shckB. actinC. silenceD. panic
6. A. layB. settledC. bentD. crashed
7. A. straight awayB. after allC. at timesD. withut hesitatin
8. A. frcedB. guidedC. rushedD. invited
9. A. pssibilityB. privilegeC. alternativeD. necessity
10. A. familiarB. wnderfulC. deafeningD. unexpected
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Clleen在一次行走之旅中遭遇意外并且获救的事。
【1题详解】
查动词词义辨析。句意：导游提醒过他们关于路滑，可能有风险的一些情况，他在最近的营地等他们。 A. interviewed采访；B. warned提醒；C. asked询问；D. taught教授。根据“them abut the slippery and ptentially dangerus cnditins. ”结合常识可知，一个团体中的导游，主要负责提醒一些注意事项。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Clleen 是来自悉尼一个经验丰富的探险者，她是个天生谨慎的行走者。A. curius好奇的；B. independent独立的；C. cautius谨慎的；D. patient耐心的。Clleen经验丰富，做事不会太莽撞，比较谨慎。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，她听到上面有裂缝声。 A. ppsite在对面；B. ahead在前面；C. faraway远的；D. abve在上面，在较高处。根据上下文，他们是沿着斜坡向下走，而且是她丈夫在她后面，摔倒时撞着了她，所以裂缝声是从上面传来的，故选D项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她往下掉时被伸到深壑上的树枝打断了，树枝挡住了她的继续下滑，不然的话可能会让她丧命。 A. brken打断；B. caused引起；C. fllwed追随；D. prtected保护。树枝挡住了她，中断了她的继续下滑。brken意为打断，符合题意。故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clleen狠狠地撞着了头部，陷入休克。A. shck休克；B. actin行动；C. silence沉默；D. panic惊恐。根据Clleen撞着了头部可知，她进入休克状态。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他先是不小心从Clleen上方滑下来的，他整个的重量加上背的包从Clleen上方重重地撞下来。 A. lay趟；B. settled定居；C. bent弯曲；D. crashed碰撞。根据上下文，他们在下坡，他在Clleen的后面，所以他摔倒后，带着自身的重量和包的重量朝下猛撞。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：她立刻就知道胳膊断了。 A. straight away立刻，马上；B. after all毕竟，终究；C. at times有时；D. withut hesitatin毫不犹豫地。她醒来后，感到的是疼痛难忍，她立刻就知道自己的胳膊断了。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clleen被用直升机紧急送往最近的医院。A. frced强迫；B. guided指导；C. rushed快速运输；D. invited邀请。Clleen受伤严重，所以到了营地被急忙送往医院。rushed意为快速运输，符合题意。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这次接近死亡又被拯救的个人经历后，我意识到在有些情况下，没有其他的选择可以去医院，救援直升机是唯一的途径。A. pssibility可能性；B. privilege特权；C. alternative选择；D. necessity必要性。根据下文的直升机是唯一的方法可知，没有其他可选择的途径。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个时候，最美妙的声音，就是听到直升机的声音。 A. familiar熟悉的；B. wnderful极好的；C. deafening震耳欲聋的；D. unexpected意料之外的。根据上文，直升机在某些情况下是送人去医院的唯一途径，受伤的人听到直升机的声音会有即将获救的如释重负，所以直升机的声音听起来是美妙的，极好的。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During my childhd, whenever the sun drpped and the blue sky came up, my father and I wuld climb the muntain near ur huse. Walking tgether, we had a lt f cnversatins thrugh ___11___ I learned many valuable lessns. He always stressed t me, “Yu shuld have bjectives and capacity like the muntain. This has ___12___ (large) influenced my life. ___13___ the muntain-climbing, we culdn't have had enugh time t spend tgether because my father was busy.
【答案】11. which
12. largely
13. Withut
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在童年时期，总会和父亲一起爬上，路上进行交谈，从与父亲的交谈中，作者学到了很多有价值的东西。这极大地影响了作者的生活。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一起散步时，我们交谈了很多内容，我从中学到了很多有价值的东西。分析句子可知，cnversatins为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作介词thrugh的宾语，所以关系代词为which。“介词+关系代词”中关系代词不用that。 故填which。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意：这极大地影响了我的生活。副词largely修饰动词influenced。故填largely。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：没有爬山，我们不可能有足够的时间在一起，因为我的父亲很忙。根据句意以及句子结构可知，空处填Withut，本句为含蓄虚拟语气，有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些词或短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, withut, but fr, therwise, r，even, in case f, what if(如果……将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句。故填Withut。
【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用wh或whm，指人时通常不用which等。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whse，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
分析小题1的句子可知，cnversatins为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作which的宾语，所以关系代词为which。“介词+关系代词”中关系代词不用that。 故填which。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Yu have prbably dreamed abut ___14___ yu wuld change the wrld, nly t find that it seems impssible. Hwever, yu may have the pwer ___15___ (make) the wrld better with steps by steps. That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign c-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weib. It asks peple t d smething psitive and then recrd the changes befre and after. Since its first ___16___ (appear) n Sina Weib n Sept. 2nd, the BA Challenge has attracted millins f viewers and participants. ___17___ these little things may be easily ignred in ur daily lives, they are well received by many viewers.
【答案】14. hw
15. t make
16. appearance
17. Thugh/Althugh/While
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了BA挑战的内容以及它的积极影响。
【14题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：你可能曾梦想过你将如何改变世界，却发现这似乎是不可能的。分析句子，划线前后有主谓，故该空需填引导词连接两个句子。从句放在介词后，后面的从句为宾语从句。从句部分有主语“yu”和宾语“the wrld”，且句中缺“如何”之意。故填hw。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，你可能有能力让世界变得更好，一步一个脚印。分析句子，该句已有动词“may have”故该空需填非谓语。动词不定式做后置定语。故填t make。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：自9月2日在新浪微博上首次亮相以来，BA挑战赛吸引了数百万观众和参与者。分析句意，appear（出现）是动词。不能被its修饰。its是形容词性物主代词，后面要修饰名词。故填appearance。
【17题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然这些小东西在我们的日常生活中很容易被忽视，但它们却受到了很多观众的欢迎。分析句意，前半句在讲“这些小事情容易被忽略”。而后半句在讲“小事情受到观众欢迎”。前后两句表示让步。故填Thugh/Althugh/While。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
There's nthing better than flying t a freign destinatin t visit the attractins it___18___ (have) t ffer. Millins f peple are ding the same, and why nt? The wrld has an amazing variety f must-see sights, frm breathtaking natural scenery t impressive ld cities. But the prblem is that t many f us ___19___ (visit) them at the same time, putting pressure n these delicate and ancient places. That's why a number f beauty spts and histric sites have been intrducing charges r restrictins n the number f turists. There are many reasns fr this: t reduce vercrwding, t manage wear and tear n ld buildings and t tidy up the mess ___20___ (leave) behind.
【答案】18. has
19. are visiting
20. left
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了世界上有很多值得一看的景观，从令人惊叹的自然风光到令人印象深刻的古老文化。但大量的游客，给这些脆弱而古老的地方带来了压力，所以一些旅游景点和历史景点对游客数量实行限制或者收费。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：没有什么比乘飞机到外国目的地去参观那里的名胜更好的了。结合句意可知，本句为一般现在时，定语从句的主语为it，所以谓语动词为has。故填has。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：但问题是我们太多人同时参观它们，给这些脆弱而古老的地方带来了压力。结合句意，本句为现在进行时。主语为t many f us，所 以 谓 语为 are visiting。故填are visiting。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，the mess与空处所填词在逻辑上是被动关系，所以此处填leave的过去分词。故填left。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中。
A
T increase yur chances f landing an assignment fr a travel guidebk, yu need t find ut what the publishers are lking fr．Here are links t their submissin guidelines with a few special requirements and tips．
Fnr's
Fnr's is a publishing cmpany f bth travel guidebks and nline cntent cvering thusands f destinatins wrldwide．Visit Fnrs．cm/abut-us, and near the bttm f the page yu'll find "Write fr Us" with infrmatin fr submitting articles．D remember t attach a cpy f ne f yur ther wrks when cntributing．
☆TIP: Fnr's always hires writers wh live in the destinatins they cver．S, it's gd t remember: While yu may want t write abut a freign destinatin, mre than likely yu're clser t being an expert abut the place where yu live．
Wrkman
Wrkman publishes unique and unexpected travel guides such as 1, 000 Places t See Befre Yu Die, and The Fd Lver's Guide t Paris．Cnsider them if yu're interested in writing a nntraditinal travel guide．Yu can find their submissin guidelines at wrkman．cm/wrk-with-us．They require a typical nnfictin bk prpsal with a suggested table f cntents and authr infrmatin．A chapter f yur ther bks is als required．Send yur submissins t submissins@wrkman.cm．
☆TIP: If they dn't accept yur article, yu might be lucky enugh t get feedback abut why．
Lnely Planet
Writers can get in tuch with Lnely Planet by visiting their "Becme a Cntributr" page at LnelyPlanet.cm/cntribute．At that page yu'll find a frm asking fr a resume（简历）and links t yur ther writing, but there's als space fr mre travel-related infrmatin such as gegraphical knwledge and level f fluency in relevant languages．
☆TIP: Yu'll find they als accept articles fr "Travel News"．If they say yes, yu may get anther chance fr a bigger jb such as a guidebk．
Fr mre infrmatin n publishers, please visit CntributrsDigest.cm．
21. This passage is mainly fr _______________．
A. guidesB. writers
C. travelersD. publishers
22. Wh may prvide advice n hw t imprve articles?
A. Fnr's．B. Wrkman．
C. Lnely Planet．D. Cntributr's Digest．
23. What is required by all the cmpanies?
A. Gegraphical knwledge．B. Nntraditinal ideas．
C. Overseas experience．D. Previus writing．
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了三个出版社接受文章的标准，出版社网址以及一些特殊要求和提示。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第一段“T increase yur chances f landing an assignment fr a travel guidebk, yu need t find ut what the publishers are lking fr．Here are links t their submissin guidelines with a few special requirements and tips．（为了增加你得到编写旅行指南工作的机会，你需要明白出版商想要的是什么。以下是他们网站的链接，其中有一些特殊要求和提示。）”可以推知，本篇文章主要是通过介绍一些出版社，为作家提供机会。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“Wrkman”部分的小贴士“If they dn't accept yur article, yu might be lucky enugh t get feedback abut why．（如果他们不接受你的文章，你可能会很幸运地得到关于原因的反馈。）”可知 BWrkman．可以就如何改进文章提供建议。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章“Fnr's”部分“D remember t attach a cpy f ne f yur ther wrks when cntributing．（请记住在投稿时附上您的其他作品的副本。）”和“Wrkman”部分“A chapter f yur ther bks is als required．（你的其他书籍的一章也是必需的。）”以及“Lnely Planet”部分“At that page yu'll find a frm asking fr a resume（简历）and links t yur ther writing.( 在那一页，你会看到一张要求提供简历和你其他作品的链接的表格。)”可以推知，所有公司都要求作者有作品，即有写作经验。故选D项。
B
What Theresa Le is ding prves that a large farm isn't prerequisite fr a mdern grw-yur-wn lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 f an acre in Ls Angeles, Le and her family grw, can and preserve much f the fd they cnsume.
Le is a master fd preserver, gardener and canning expert. She als perates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the gal f demnstrating that every has the ability t cntrl what's n their plate.
Le initially went t schl t becme an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly abut grwing and preparing her wn fd. "I gt int cking my wn fd and started grwing my wn herbs and fds fr that fresh flavr," she said. Engineer by day, Le learned cking at night schl. She ultimately purchased a small piece f land with her husband and began grwing their wn fds.
“I teach peple hw t live farm-fresh withut a farm,” Le said. Thrugh her website Le emphasizes that "anybdy can d this anywhere." Gt an apartment with a balcny? Plant sme herbs. A windw? Perfect spt fr grwing. Start with herbs, she recmmends, because "they're very frgiving." Just a little f the herbs "can take yur regular cking t a whle new level," she added. "I think it's a great place t start." "Then? Try grwing smething frm a seed, she said, like a tmat r sme tea."
Canning is a natural extensin f the planting she des. With every planted fd, Le nted, there's a mment when it's bursting with its abslute peak flavr. "I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar," Le said. "Canning fr me is abut knwing what's in yur fd, knwing where it cmes frm."
In additin t being mre in tuch with the fd she's eating, anther jy cmes frm passing this knwledge and this desire fr gd fd t her children: "Influencing them and telling them yur pinin n nt nly being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture," she said, "that if we dn't take care f the earth, n will."
24 Why des Le suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily.B. They are easy t grw.
C. They can grw very tall.D. They can be eaten uncked.
25. Accrding t Le, what is the benefit f canning her planted fds?
A. It can preserve their best flavr.B. It can prmte her nline sales.
C. It can better her cking skills.D. It can imprve their nutritin.
26. What is the "the bigger picture" (Para. 6) that Le wishes her children t understand?
A. The knwledge abut gd fd.
B. The way t live a grw-ur-wn life.
C. The jy f getting in tuch with fds.
D. The respnsibility t prtect ur earth.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过向大家介绍Theresa Le和她的家人在1/10公顷的地方种菜并为家人储存下来这些菜的故事，告知读者，想要种出自己风格的菜，并不非要有一片大的农场，一个阳台一个窗户就可以种植自己想种的菜。同时，她还要让孩子们理解，保护好地球是每个人的责任。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Start with herbs, she recmmends, because "they're very frgiving."可知，Le建议大家先种草本植物，因为它们是宽容的。意思就是说，这样的蔬菜很好种活。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Canning is a natural extensin f the planting she des. With every planted fd, Le nted, there's a mment when it's bursting with its abslute peak flavr.”可知，在Le看来，把她种的菜储存在罐子里，可以让这些食物爆发出它们极致的味道。故选A项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段Le说的话，分析句子结构可知，“that if we dn't take care f the earth, n will.”是划线部分的同位语，是起对划线部分解析说明的作用。根据这句话，我们可以推断出，Le是想让孩子们理解，如果不能照顾好这个地球，以后也不会吃到自己种的菜了。所以，她是想让孩子们理解保护好地球是每个人的责任。故选D项。
C
A crucial perid fr learning the rules and structure f a language lasts up t arund age 17 r 18, say psychlgist Jshua Hartshrne f MIT and his clleagues.
Previus research had suggested that grammar-learning ability develped in early childhd befre hitting a dead end arund age 5. Hwever, Hartshrne’s team reprts nline in Cgnitin that peple wh started learning English as a secnd language in an English-speaking cuntry by age 10 t 12 ultimately mastered the new tngue as well as flks wh had learned English and anther language at the same time frm birth. Bth grups, hwever, fell smewhat shrt f the grammatical fluency displayed by English-nly speakers. After ages 10 t 12, new-t-English learners reached lwer levels f fluency than thse wh started learning English at yunger ages because time ran ut when their grammar-absrbing ability fell starting arund age 17.
Aiming fr a sample f tens f thusands f vlunteers, Hartshrne began by cntacting friends n Facebk t take an nline English grammar quiz, which used a persn’s respnses t guess his r her native language and dialect (方言) f English. Then vlunteers filled ut a questinnaire asking where they had lived, languages they had spken frm birth, the age at which they began learning English and the number f years they had lived in an English-speaking cuntry.
In the end, the researchers analyzed respnses f 669,498 native and nnnative English speakers. Statistical calculatins fcused n estimating at what ages peple with varying amunts f experience peaking English reached peak grammar ability.
Researchers wh study language learning regard the new study as fascinating, but explratry. Accrding t psychlinguist David Barner f the University f Califrnia, San Dieg, Hartshrne’s team can’t yet say that language skill develps alng a single timeline. Different elements f grammar, such as using crrect wrd rder r subjects and verbs that agree with ne anther, might be learned at different rates, Barner says. It’s als unclear whether the respnses f vlunteers t an nline, 132-item grammar test reflect hw well f prly they actually speak English, he says.
What’s mre, language learning invlves mre than a crucial perid fr acquiring grammar, cautins linguist David Birdsng f the University f Texas at Austin. Fr instance, grwing up speaking tw languages at nce puts still prly understd burdens n the ability t grasp grammar, he says.
In the new study, peple wh were bilinguals frm birth fell shrt f peak English grammar scres achieved by English-nly speakers. That’s cnsistent with evidence that bilinguals cannt easily turn ff ne language while speaking anther, Birdsng says. Interactins between tngues spken by ne persn may slightly depress hw much can be learned abut bth languages, even if bilingual cmmunicatin still reaches high levels, he suggests.
27. Hartshrne and his clleagues fund that____ .
A. ne reaches a higher level f fluency at age 10
B. ne learns a secnd language fastest at abut age 12
C. ne gets a gd grasp f English grammar befre age 5
D. ne’s ability t master grammar declines at arund age17
28. Hartshrne cllected data thrugh ______.
A. scial media
B. experiments in the lab
C. literature review
D. face-t-face interviews
29. David Barner believes that ______.
A. language skill develps alng a single timeline
B. nline vlunteers d nt cver a wide enugh range
C. different grammar items may be acquired at different paces
D. the quiz in the new study des nt include enugh questins
30. What can we knw abut bilinguals frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. They can achieve a perfect grammar scre.
B. Grammar learning is the biggest burden fr them.
C. They are able t make a swift shift between languages.
D. Speaking tw languages affects their language acquisitin.
【答案】27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是为一篇说明文，介绍了麻省理工学院的心理学家约书亚·哈特肖恩通过研究发现学习语言规则和结构的关键时期可以持续到17或18岁左右，其他语言学家也发表了对这项研究的不同看法。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A crucial perid fr learning the rules and structure f a language lasts up t arund age 17 r 18, say psychlgist Jshua Hartshrne f MIT and his clleagues.”可知，麻省理工学院的心理学家约书亚·哈特肖恩和他的同事发现，学习语言规则和结构的关键时期可以持续到17或18岁左右，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hartshrne began by cntacting friends n Facebk t take an nline English grammar quiz”可知，哈特肖恩首先联系脸书上的朋友参加一个在线英语语法测试，也就是说他是通过社交媒体来收集数据的，故A项正确。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Different elements f grammar, such as using crrect wrd rder r subjects and verbs that agree with ne anther, might be learned at different rates, Barner says.”可知，大卫·巴纳说不同的语法元素，比如使用正确的词序或主谓一致，可能会以不同的速度被学习，故C项正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Interactins between tngues spken by ne persn may slightly depress hw much can be learned abut bth languages, even if bilingual cmmunicatin still reaches high levels”可知，一个人说的两种语言之间的互动可能会略微降低他对两种语言的了解程度，即使双语交流仍然达到很高的水平，由此判断出，说两种语言会影响双语者的语言习得，故D项正确。
D
“If I nly had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner suppsedly said smetime in the 1990s. Why be mdest? Aristtle said: “All men by nature desire t knw.” Intellectual humility is a particular instance f humility, since yu can be dwn-t-earth abut mst things but still ignre yur mental limitatins.
Intellectual humility means recgnising that we dn’t knw everything. Actually, it means we shuld acknwledge that we're prbably biased in ur belief abut just hw much we understand and seek ut the surces f wisdm that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impressin f limitless knwledge at ur fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have pened up a space that ignrance can fill. The psychlgist Tania Lmbrz f the University f Califrnia explained hw technlgy enhances ur illusins (错觉) f wisdm. She argues that the way we access infrmatin is critical t ur understanding—and the mre easily we can recall an image, wrd r statement, the mre likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and s withdraw frm effrtful cgnitive prcessing. Lgical puzzles presented in an unfriendly fnt (字体), fr example, can encurage smene t make extra effrt t slve them. Yet this apprach runs cunter t the nice designs f the apps and sites that ppulate ur screens, where ur brain prcesses infrmatin in a “smth” way. What abut all the infrmatin that presents nline? Well, yur capacity t learn frm it depends n yur attitudes. Intellectually humble peple dn’t hide r ignre their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as surces f persnal develpment, and use arguments as an pprtunity t refine their views. Peple wh are humble by nature tend t be mre pen-minded and quicker t reslve disputes, since they recgnise that their wn pinins might nt be valid.
At the ther end f the scale lies intellectual arrgance. Such arrgance almst always riginates frm the egcentric bias – the tendency t verestimate their wn virtue r imprtance, ignring the rle f chance r the influence f ther peple’s actins n their lives. This is what makes these peple credit success t themselves and failure t circumstance. Frm an evlutinary perspective, intellectual arrgance can als be seen as a way f achieving dminance thrugh frcing ne’s view n thers. Intellectually arrgant peple hardly invest mental resurces in discussin r wrking twards grup cnsensus, thus making it hard fr grups t wrk successfully.
The Thrive Center fr Human Develpment in Califrnia, which seeks t help yung peple turn int successful adults, is funding a series f majr studies abut intellectual humility. Their hypthesis is that humility, curisity and penness are key t a fulfilling life. “Withut humility, yu are unable t learn,” Laszl Bck, Ggle’s Head f Peple Operatins, ntes.
31. The passage is mainly abut ______.
A. the harm arrgance des t us
B. the key elements t a fulfilling life
C. the significance f intellectual humility
D. the way peple access infrmatin nline
32. Technlgy enhances ur illusins f wisdm because it ______.
A. enables peple t think critically
B. ffers t much unreliable infrmatin
C. allws easy access t abundant infrmatin
D. makes it hard fr peple t recall infrmatin
33. Accrding t Para.3, intellectually humble peple ______.
A. value thers’ pinins mre than their wn
B. use nline infrmatin t better themselves
C. are unwilling t shw their strengths
D. prefer t slve difficult prblems
34. The authr will prbably agree that ______.
A. intellectual arrgance is the result f evlutin
B. intellectually arrgant peple ften lack team spirits
C. successful peple are ften unaware f their limitatins
D. circumstances dn’t favr intellectually arrgant peple
【答案】31. C 32. C 33. B 34. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了理智的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。分析文章可知，文章主要讲述了理解的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。结合选项，故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“The Internet and digital media have created the impressin f limitless knwledge at ur fingertips.”以及“the way we access infrmatin is critical t ur understanding – and the mre easily we can recall an image, wrd r statement, the mre likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and s withdraw frm effrtful cgnitive prcessing.”可知，技术增强了我们对智慧的幻想，因为它使我们能够容易地获得丰富的信息。结合选项，故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Intellectually humble peple dn’t hide r ignre their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as surces f persnal develpment, and use arguments as an pprtunity t refine their views.”可知，他们把网上的信息视为个人发展的源泉，是完善自我的机会。结合选项，故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Intellectually arrgant peple hardly invest mental resurces in discussin r wrking twards grup cnsensus, thus making it hard fr grups t wrk successfully.”可知，自大的智者缺乏合作精神。结合选项，故选B。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Financial Educatin-Awareness Dilemma
When it cmes t financial educatin, the majrity f tday's yuth will regard it as a necessity fr certain specific peple wh want t make their career in the financial wrld. ___35___ Actually, elementary financial educatin is a must fr all, as mney transactin is an essential part f ur day-t-day life.
Suppse yu have $100 in a saving accunt that pays simple interest at the rate f 2%per year. lf yu leave the mney in the accunt, hw much will yu have accumulated after 5 years: mre than $102, exactly $102, r less than $102? The test might lk simple, but nly half f the peple surveyed gave the crrect answer.
___36___The explanatin ges as fllws: Peple with lw levels f financial literacy suffer frm that lack f knwledge at every stage f their lives. Researchers n this subject say peple with a high degree f financial literacy are mre likely t plan fr their retirement. ___37___
On the cntrary, peple wh have a lwer degree f financial literacy tend t brrw mre, accumulate less wealth, and pay mre in fees related financial prducts. They are less likely t invest, mre likely t experience difficulty with debt, and less likely t knw the terms f their mrtgages and ther lans. Thus, the cst f this financial ignrance is very high. ___38___
What is the slutin? ___39___ Like reading and math, financial educatin must becme part f the cre curriculum in ur schls. Likewise, parents shuld engage in regular, cnstructive cnversatins abut mney matters. This will give their kids a slid fundatin fr financial well-being, which will keep n giving returns thrughut the curse f their lives.
A. Financial educatin must start early.
B. Hwever, they miss an imprtant pint.
C. Why des each f us have t face a financial challenge?
D. Why des financial literacy matter s much in ur sciety'?
E. Rich peple are generally better educated n financial management.
F. Besides, these peple have mre than duble the wealth f peple wh dn’t.
G. Fr example, they frequently make late credit card payments, verspend their credit limit, etc.
【答案】35. B 36. D 37. F 38. G 39. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了金融教育意识的困境。今天的大多数年轻人都会把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界谋生的必要条件。实际上，基础金融教育是所有人的必修课。
【35题详解】
根据上文When it cmes t financial educatin, the majrity f tday's yuth will regard it as a necessity fr certain specific peple wh want t make their career in the financial wrld. 可知，今天大多数年轻人都会把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界谋生的必要条件；再根据下文Actually, elementary financial educatin is a must fr all, as mney transactin is an essential part f ur day-t-day life.可知，实际上，基础金融教育是所有人的必修课。故B项（然而，他们忽略了一个重要的问题）串联上下文，符合题意。故选B。
【36题详解】
根据下文The explanatin ges as fllws可知，此句是对一个问题的解释；再分析本段可知，本段主要讲述了金融知识对我们社会非常的重要。故D项（为什么金融知识对我们的社会如此重要？）适合做本段主旨句。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文 Researchers n this subject say peple with a high degree f financial literacy are mre likely t plan fr their retirement.可知，金融知识程度高的人更有可能为退休做打算，这说金融知识程度高的人的一个特点，F项（此外，这些人的财富是那些没有财富的人的两倍多）是其另外一个特点。故F项是对上文的补充说明，符合题意。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据上文 Thus, the cst f this financial ignrance is very high. 可知，这种财务无知的代价是非常高的。故G项（ 例如，他们经常延迟信用卡付款、超支信用额度等）是对上文的具体说明，符合题意。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据上文What is the slutin?可知，对以上问题的解决办法是什么，以及根据下文Like reading and math, financial educatin must becme part f the cre curriculum in ur schls.可知，金融教育必须成为我们学校核心课程的一部分。故A项（金融教育必须及早开始）承接上下文，符合题意。故选A。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节 阅读表达(共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Is it better fr ur bdies t wrk ut at certain times f the day? Scientists have knwn fr sme time that every tissue in ur bdies cntains a kind f bilgical clck that ges ff in respnse t messages related t ur daily expsure t light, fd and sleep.
Hwever, whether and hw exercise timing might influence metablic (新陈代谢的) health has been less clear, and the results f past experiments have nt always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study fund that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) wh cmpleted a few minutes f high-intensity interval (间隔) sessins in the afternn imprved their bld-sugar cntrl after tw weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a prfessr f nutritin and mvement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in peple with Type 2 diabetes, but had nt cnsidered the pssible rle f timing. Nw, seeing the varying impacts f the intense wrkuts, he wndered if the timing f wrkuts might similarly affect hw the wrkuts changed peple’s metablisms.
Incidentally, he and his clleagues had a ready-made surce f data in their wn prir experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk fr Type 2 diabetes t ride statinary bicycles at the lab three times a week fr 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metablic health. They als had nted when the riders shwed up fr their wrkuts. The researchers pulled data fr the 12 men wh cnsistently had wrked ut between 8 and 10 a.m. and cmpared them with anther 20 wh always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They fund that the benefits f afternn wrkuts far utweighed thse f mrning exercise.
He says, “This study des suggest that afternn exercise may be mre beneficial fr peple with disturbed metablisms than the same exercise dne earlier. The particular and mst effective exercise fr each f us will line up with ur daily rutines and exercise tendencies because exercise is gd fr us at any time f day—but nly if we chse t keep ding it.”
40. What inspired Prfessr Schrauwen t carry ut the research related t the timing f wrkuts?
41. What did Schrauwen’s new study figure ut?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues carried ut the research by using the newly-cllected data and making cmparisns between tw different subject grups.
43. When d yu think is the best time fr yu t exercise? Why? (abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40. The 2019 study.
41. Fr sme peple, it is better t wrk ut in the afternn.
42. Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues carried ut the research by using the newly-cllected data and making cmparisns between tw different subject grups.
Accrding t the passage, Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues didn’t cllect any new data t d the research. They made use f the ready-made surce f data frm their wn prir experiment.
43. 略
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇科学研究。文章通过研究两个患有糖尿病的男性在不同的运动时间下其新陈代谢的不同，来说明运动时间选择的重要性以及它对我们新陈代谢健康的影响，进一步说明我们应该适当的选好适合自己的锻炼时间，来改善身体状况。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“A much-discussed 2019 study fund that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) wh cmpleted a few minutes f high-intensity interval (间隔) sessins in the afternn imprved their bld-sugar cntrl after tw weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a prfessr f nutritin and mvement sciences read that 2019 study with interest.（2019年一项备受争议的研究发现，2型糖尿病患者在下午完成几分钟的高强度间歇训练后，两周后血糖控制得到了改善。营养和运动科学教授帕特里克·施劳文饶有兴趣地阅读了2019年的这项研究。）”可知，是2019年的这项研究促使施劳文教授进行这项与锻炼时间有关的研究的，故答案为The 2019 study.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“They fund that the benefits f afternn wrkuts far utweighed thse f mrning exercise.（他们发现下午锻炼的好处远远大于早晨锻炼的好处。）”以及第四段“This study des suggest that afternn exercise may be mre beneficial fr peple with disturbed metablisms than the same exercise dne earlier.（这项研究确实表明，下午锻炼对代谢紊乱的人可能比早些时候做同样的锻炼更有益。）”可知，教授的新研究发现对于一些人来讲，在下午运动会更好，故答案为Fr sme peple, it is better t wrk ut in the afternn.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Incidentally, he and his clleagues had a ready-made surce f data in their wn prir experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk fr Type 2 diabetes t ride statinary bicycles at the lab three times a week fr 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metablic health. （顺便说一句，他和他的同事在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。几年前，他们曾要求患有2型糖尿病的高风险成年男性每周在实验室骑3次固定自行车，持续12周，而研究人员则跟踪他们的代谢健康状况。”）可知，Schrauwen教授和他的同事没有收集任何新的数据来做研究。他们利用了自己先前实验中现成的数据来源，故答案为Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues carried ut the research by using the newly-cllected data and making cmparisns between tw different subject grups.
Accrding t the passage, Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues didn’t cllect any new data t d the research. They made use f the ready-made surce f data frm their wn prir experiment.
【43题详解】
开放题。表述自己的观点并解释原因。注意字数控制在40词左右。
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近期你校将在海淀公园举行“阳光长跑”活动，请你给国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 活动信息；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw have yu been? Our schl will rganize an activity called"Sunshine Lng-distance Run". I wnder if yu wuld like t cme.
The activity will be held at Haidian Park n May 16th. Students frm all grades are welcme t jin in. Participants need t gather at the West Gate by 8 am, and the running will start there at 8:20. The running will finish at the East Gate and the ttal distance will be arund 5 km.
If yu decide t cme, please remember t wear running shes. Yu may leave yur persnal items at the strage desk, where members frm the Students' Unin will keep an eye n them.
I really hpe yu can jin us. Let me knw if yu are interested.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加你校将在海淀公园举行的“阳光长跑”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：jin in=take part in
会合：gather→assemble
开始：begin→start
结束：finish→end
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The running will finish at the East Gate and the ttal distance will be arund 5 km.
拓展句：The running will finish at the East Gate, the ttal distance f which will be arund 5 km.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Our schl will rganize an activity called"Sunshine Lng-distance Run". (运用了过去分词作后置定语)
[高分句型2] Yu may leave yur persnal items at the strage desk, where members frm the Students' Unin will keep an eye n them. (运用了where引导的定语从句)