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2022届重庆市巴蜀中学高三上学期适应性月考卷（三）英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022届重庆市巴蜀中学高三上学期适应性月考卷（三）英语试题含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届重庆市巴蜀中学高三上学期适应性月考卷（三）英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of Flora?
A. Lovely. B. Huge. C. Scary.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m glad to show you Flora. Don’t worry. She won’t bite. Isn’t she cute?
M: No! Keep it away from me! Snakes are horrible.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers doing?
A. Driving a car. B. Crossing the street. C. Riding a bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Watch out! You didn’t even look before you stepped out onto the road.
M: Oh my! Thank you for stopping me. The bus driver is shaking his head at me. I’m so sorry!
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why was the man late?
A. He was ill. B. He had a poor memory. C. He wasn’t informed.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.
M: He has a very short memory and it is a real headache for us.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman advise Jack to do?
A. Learn to share. B. Apologize to Willie. C. Ask for help.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, sometimes you need to share. You should be nice to Willie and let him play on the swings too. Wouldn’t you want him to do the same thing for you?
M: That’s not fair! I was here first.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the woman arrive at the office tomorrow?
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 9:30 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What time is tomorrow’s meeting? Is it at 9:30?
M: No, it’s scheduled for 10:00 in the morning.
W: Good. That gives me an hour to prepare after getting to the office.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How will the man celebrate his birthday?
A. He’ll have a party. B. He’ll go out for a meal. C. He’ll play computer games.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: So, what are you going to do for your birthday?
M: Well, I was hoping to have a party but most of my friends are too busy. I’ve accepted my parents’ offer to take me out for a meal.
W: Have you finished all this term’s work? Dr. Smith required us to hand it in before this Wednesday.
M: Yes. Last week I thought I would have to spend my birthday sitting at the computer, but luckily I’ve finished all my work now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What happened to the woman’s sweater?
A. It became smaller. B. It became pink. C. It became dirty.
9. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. To follow the instructions. B. To separate sweaters from T-shirts. C. To throw away the label.
10. Why did the clothes smell bad?
A. The man forgot to wash them.
B. The man didn’t use washing powder.
C. The man dry-cleaned them improperly.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh no! My favorite wool sweater is destroyed.
M: Oops, my bad. I thought it could go in the washer and dryer.
W: No! It shrinks. You have to read the label. It says it can only be dry-cleaned.
M: I’m so sorry, my mistake. I’ll do that next time.
W: Also, look at this. My white T-shirt is pink! You have to separate the whites and colors.
M: Oh, you’re right! Why do I always forget that?
W: Honey, please follow all the instructions before you do the laundry.
M: Alright. I’ll wash the clothes properly next time. No more mistakes, starting now!
W: Eww. These clothes still smell bad, too. Did you add laundry powder?
M: Umm, don’t get angry, but I think I forgot.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where did the man learn about Mark Brown?
A. From TV. B. From the radio. C. From the newspaper.
12. What was Mark Brown praised for?
A. Saving people from the flood. B. Raising awareness of the flood. C. Donating money to flood victims.
13. Why did the woman want to write Mr.Brown a letter?
A. To ask him for more help. B. To express her admiration. C. To know more about his life.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Linda, did you hear about the storm in the south of the country?
W: Yes, how could I not hear about it? It’s all over the news.
M: But have you heard about Mark Brown?
W: No. Who is that?
M: Well, his story is in today’s paper. Listen: “Trouble in the south as rain continues to fall and the water continues to rise. One man fights not only for his life but for others as well. Mark Brown is a local man who owns a small boat. He has been using his boat to help people in need. He picks them up and takes them to safety. His actions are winning praise from people all over the country.”
W: Wow, Mr. Brown is an amazing man.
M: We can all learn a lesson from him.
W: I think I will write him a letter to thank him for his service.
M: That is a great idea. I am sure he will appreciate that.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Where is the Grand Hotel?
A. At the first crossing. B. Next to the Central Bank. C. Opposite the post office.
15. What does the man think of uphill walk?
A. It’s demanding. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s easy.
16. How will the woman probably go to the Grand Hotel?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, excuse me, I’m sorry to bother you, but do you know where the Grand Hotel is?
M: Just a minute. You walk down this street and turn left at the first crossing. Walk along that road. Turn right at the Central Bank. After that you make a left-hand turn at the first traffic light. The Grand Hotel is on the right side.
W: Great! Are there any landmarks nearby?
M: Yeah, I think so. I think the hotel is right across the street from the post office. You can’t miss it.
W: Oh, that’s good. I should be able to find it pretty easily then. Is it far from here?
M: Yeah, it’s going to take you a while if you go on foot. I’d say it’s about a 30-minute uphill walk. You have to be as strong as a lion to make it.
W: Oh, that would take too long and I’m kind of in a hurry. Can I take a bus there?
M: Well, you could take a bus there, but you would have to transfer buses twice. A taxi would probably be a lot quicker.
W: All right. Speed comes first. Thank you.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How long does the book fair last this week?
A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Four days.
18. Where will the donated money go?
A. To the art department. B. To the sports teams. C. To the computer lab.
19. Whose class is hosting a bake sale?
A. Mr. Gogh’s. B. Mr. Black’s. C. Mr. Smith’s.
20. Who is the announcement intended for?
A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Parents.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Our school is hosting an event to honor Vincent van Gogh. Please join us at the gym at 8:00 am on Wednesday for a view of his artwork. Food and drinks will be served. Admission is free although we are asking for a donation of $3 at the door, which will go to our school’s art department.
Our school’s book fair is scheduled to take place in the library this week from 9:00 am until 5:00 pm, Monday through Thursday. Most books will be under $10. Mr. Black’s class is also hosting a bake sale to support the school’s sports teams. Cookies, cakes and other treats will be available.
Meanwhile, the parent book club will meet on Tuesday in Mr. Smith’s room. I know that many of your children hang out in the computer lab after school, but it will be closed this week. The lab will open again on Monday. Thank you for being an active part of your children’s life. We really enjoy having you as part of the community here.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sahara Marathon 2021-Around the World
The Sahara Marathon is organized by the Saharawi Ministry of Youth and Sports and a group of volunteers from different countries. During the last twenty years, thousands of runners from all continents have traveled to the Algerian desert to live the experience provided by this race and to bond with refugee families. In this unique edition of 2021, the experience will be different. The race will be held in a virtual way and the donations collected through the event will go to the most needy families in the Saharawi Camps of Tindouf.
Rules of the 2021 Sahara Marathon
Participation
All those people over 16 years of age (16 included) may take part in this virtual competition, as long as they are correctly registered, both in time and in form. The registered runner must download the Official Sahara Marathon APP to take the race.
Distance and Travel
The distance options selectable in the APP are: 5k, 10k, 21k and 42k. As it is a virtual test, it is very important to make sure that the chosen route allows good mobile coverage for the correct functioning of the GPS.
Registration
Registration has a cost of 15 euros, which includes participation in the race and a donation of 5 euros to refugee families. Participants can, if they choose, purchase the official pack of the test (T-shirt, scar, and bib) for the price of 25 euros.
Acceptance
Registration is personal and non-transferable and implies acceptance of these regulations. Runners who are not registered or run without the APP will not be admitted.
21. What can we learn about the 2021 Sahara Marathon?
A. It is a big family event. B. It provides a virtual tour.
C. It raises money for charity. D. It will be held in the desert.
22. How much should a runner pay if he wants to register for the race?
A. 15 euros. B. 20 euros. C. 25 euros. D. 40 euros.
23. What are runners required to do in the race?
A. Choose safe routes. B. Wear casual clothes.
C. Run with the official app. D. Transfer registration in time.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本篇是应用文。主要介绍了2021年撒哈拉马拉松的一些规则和注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The race will be held in a virtual way and the donations collected through the event will go to the most needy families in the Saharawi Camps of Tindouf.(比赛将以虚拟方式举行，通过活动募集的善款将捐给撒哈拉难民营最需要帮助的家庭)”可知，2021年撒哈拉马拉松是为了进行慈善筹款。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Registration部分中“Registration has a cost of 15 euros(注册费用为15欧元)”可知，如果一个运动员想报名参加比赛，他应该付15欧元。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Participation部分中“The registered runner must download the Official Sahara Marathon APP to take the race.(报名选手必须下载撒哈拉马拉松官方APP才能参加比赛)”可知，报名选手必须下载马拉松官方app参赛。故选C。
B
Mark Bertram lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It’s life-changing but it’s not life-ending,” he says.
After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to ask Eric Catalano, a tattoo artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio in Hecker, Illinois. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”
Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, and it eventually was viewed by millions of people around the world. The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical tattooing. Now people who want to cover their life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop.
Leslie Pollan, a dog breeder, was bitten on the face by a puppy. She underwent countless surgeries but those gave her no hope. She ultimately traveled six hours for a session with Catalano. He camouflaged Pollan’s lip scar, giving her back confidence.
Though he is now known for his talent with intricate fingernail, Catalano uses the techniques he picked up years ago while helping breast cancer survivors. Those tattoos are among the most common paramedical requests. His grandmother had breast cancer, and her battle with the disease is one reason Catalano is so dedicated to helping those with the diagnosis.
Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos each “Wellness Wednesday”. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn’t charge for paramedical tattoos: A GoFundMe page established last year brought in more than $16,000, allowing Catalano to donate his work.
“Financially, it doesn’t make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see emotions from my customers, I am 100 percent sure this is something that I can’t stop doing.”
24. How did people in the studio react to Bertram’s idea at first?
A. They took it lightly. B. They found it creative.
C. They were confused. D. They were impressed.
25. What does the underlined word “camouflaged” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Exposed. B. Hid. C. Ignored. D. Removed.
26. What does Catalano say about his work with paramedical tattoos?
A. It is flexible. B. It is demanding. C. It is profitable. D. It is rewarding.
27. Which of the following can best describe Catalano?
A. Humorous and experienced. B. Devoted and generous.
C. Cooperative and grateful. D. Professional and tolerant.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了纹身艺术家Catalano帮助身体遭遇不幸的人，用纹身艺术弥补他们的缺陷，帮助他们重拾信心；且他认为免费为别人医疗纹身是一件幸事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The idea made everyone in the studio laugh(这个想法让工作室里的每个人都笑了)”可知，人们一开始并没有严肃对待这个想法。故选A。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Leslie Pollan, a dog breeder, was bitten on the face by a puppy. She underwent countless surgeries but those gave her no hope.”以及后文“giving her back confidence”可知，Leslie Pollan被一只小狗咬了脸。她做了无数次手术，但这些都没有给她带来希望，最后是Catalano用纹身帮她隐藏了疤痕，重拾了自信。故画线词意思是“隐藏”。A. Exposed.接触；B. Hid.隐藏；C. Ignored.忽视；D. Removed.去除。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Financially, it doesn’t make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see emotions from my customers, I am 100 percent sure this is something that I can’t stop doing.”(“从经济上讲，这没有意义，”Catalano说。“但每次我看到我的顾客情绪激动，我都百分之百地肯定，我不能停止这样做。”)”可推知，Catalano认为辅助医疗纹身是值得的。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn’t charge for paramedical tattoos: A GoFundMe page established last year brought in more than $16,000, allowing Catalano to donate his work.(虽然他对普通纹身收费100美元，但他对辅助医疗纹身不收费：去年建立的GoFundMe网页带来了超过1.6万美元的收入，使Catalano可以捐赠自己的作品)”结合Catalano认真对待每一次顾客及那么多顾客慕名而来，可知他是一位尽职的艺术家；倒数两段告诉读者对于医疗文身主人公是免费的，他不为利益而做。即Catalano是个尽职和慷慨的人。故选B。
C
Adderall is the most popular among the “study drugs” on American campuses. Around 30 per cent of American students have taken “study drugs” at least once, and the higher-ranking the university, the more common it is.
Relatively speaking, prescriptions (处方) come cheap on campus. One Harvard undergraduate had initially turned up to the campus health center with depression. The psychiatrist (精神科医生) gave him a quick questionnaire, decided he had ADHD (多动症) and gave him Adderall, which he now uses almost daily. Another Harvard student, having suffered a spots-related head injury, approached a campus psychiatrist and was prescribed 20 mg of Adderall. Within weeks, he was taking as much as 200 mg a day (ten times the standard dose). He soon dropped out of school. After that, it was drink, hard drugs and yet more Adderall. Having gone through rehab (戒瘾康复), he’s now back at Harvard — five years older than his peers — and determined to get his degree.
One thing you can do after getting a prescription is “sell it to your friends who haven’t been so well trained in the theatre to get themselves a diagnosis”, an Ivy League undergraduate explains. “You make some money and have more fun and everyone benefits.” Many students think Adderall helps them focus, still and finish their work. Demand is always highest around finals, which is why it’s sensible to get orders early.
Psychiatrist Dr. Allen Frances, who helped shape the American Psychiatric Association’s definition of ADHD in the 1990s, says that while Adderall can be helpful in certain circumstances, with many patients,the clinically appropriate thing to tell them is “there’s not a lot wrong with you, just get on with your life”.
28. What can we infer about many campus prescriptions for Adderall?
A. They are powerful. B. They are illegal. C. They are standard. D. They are inappropriate.
29. Why do students buy prescriptions for Adderall from their peers?
A. It rids them of mental diseases. B. It brings them financial benefits.
C. It gets them better prepared for exams. D. It helps them improve their stage performance.
30. What does Dr. Allen Frances suggest psychiatrists do?
A. Evaluate Adderall’s harm. B. Recognize ADHD’s symptoms.
C. Avoid over-prescription of Adderall. D. Expand patients’ knowledge of Adderall.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The magic power of Adderall. B. The trend of taking a “study drug”.
C. The widespread ignorance of ADHD. D. The disadvantage of college health care.
【答案】28 D 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。作者介绍了Adderall在美国校园流行的现状，原因及对此表示担忧。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Relatively speaking, prescriptions (处方) come cheap on campus.(相对而言，校园里的处方很便宜)”以及接下来的两位哈佛学生的经历可知，很多时候校医在为学生诊断及开药的时候不够严谨。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many students think Adderall helps them focus, still and finish their work. Demand is always highest around finals, which is why it’s sensible to get orders early.(许多学生认为Adderall帮助他们集中注意力，完成工作。在期末考试前后，需求总是最高的，这就是为什么提前获得订单是明智的)”可知，学生们从他们的同龄人那里购买Adderall，因为这能让他们更好地准备考试。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Psychiatrist Dr. Allen Frances, who helped shape the American Psychiatric Association’s definition of ADHD in the 1990s, says that while Adderall can be helpful in certain circumstances, with many patients,the clinically appropriate thing to tell them is “there’s not a lot wrong with you, just get on with your life”.(在20世纪90年代帮助美国精神病学协会对ADHD作出定义的心理医生艾伦·弗朗西丝(Allen Frances)博士说，虽然Adderall在某些情况下是有帮助的，但对很多患者来说，临床上应该告诉他们的是，“你没什么问题，继续生活吧”)”可推知，对于那些ADHD患者来讲临床最好的方法是告诉他们，他们没什么不对劲，正常生活就好，医生不过度开Adderall。故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Adderall is the most popular among the “study drugs” on American campuses. Around 30 per cent of American students have taken “study drugs” at least once, and the higher-ranking the university, the more common it is.(Adderall是美国校园里最受欢迎“学习药物”。大约30%的美国学生至少服用过一次“学习药物”，排名越高的大学，这种情况就越普遍)”可知，本文主要讲述的就是在美国校园最流行的“study drug”—Adderall的开具和服用现状以及对此现象的忧虑及最佳解决办法。故选B。
D
With their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.
Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event. Such results are often regarded as circumstantial anomalies, says Martin Giurfa of the University of Toulouse. But the anomalous findings, together with research showing that fruit flies and ants can form long-term memories after single experiences, aroused Giurfa’s curiosity. Was it possible that honeybees could reliably do the same? Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience. Within a honeybee colony, there are nurses, who clean the hive and feed the young; guards, who patrol and protect the hive; and foragers, who search for nectar.
While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.
The researchers observed that a single exposure to a reward-paired odor was enough for most forager bees to remember that specific odor the following day. Many foragers could even remember the odor three day later.
The results do not mean that all prior research was wrong, says André Fiala of the University of Göttingen. “People have done the experiments in a different way.” Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”
32. What does the author want to tell us through Paragraph 1?
A. A model for memory research. B. The classification of memories.
C. New research on learning and memory. D. Previous findings on memory formation.
33. Which factor might influence a bee’s memory of an experience, according to Giurfa’s research?
A. Whether the bee's role is related. B. Whether the bee is introduced or native.
C. How often the bee repeats the experience. D. How long the bee is exposed to the reward.
34. What is Andre Fiala’s attitude towards the new results?
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Intolerant. D. Unclear.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Learning and Memory: How Honeybees Remember
B. Honeybee Memory: Honeybee Knows What to Do
C. Honeybees Remember after Just One Lesson
D. Honeybees Use Memory for Communication
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章重在介绍新的研究推翻过去实验的结论，认为蜜蜂的记忆，尤其是长期记忆不一定需要多次训练。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.(蜜蜂有着微小的大脑和记忆花蜜位置的出色能力，是学习和记忆最受欢迎的模式生物。这样的研究表明，要形成长期记忆——持续一天以上的记忆——昆虫需要至少重复三次训练经历。相比之下，分别持续几秒到几分钟和几分钟到几小时的短期记忆和中期记忆只需要一次学习经验)”可推知，作者想通过第一段告诉我们关于先前关于记忆形成的发现。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience.( Giurfa推断，形成长期记忆的能力可能取决于特定种类的蜜蜂和经历)”以及第三段“While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.(虽然之前的研究对蜜蜂进行了整体测试，但Ciurfa和他的同事们把注意力集中在觅食者身上，让他们记住一种与他们的角色相关的经历：一种与含糖奖励相关的气味)”可知，当蜜蜂的角色和他们所要记忆的东西有相关性时，他们会一次形成长期记忆。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”(不过，新的研究结果确实表明，“人们普遍认为需要多次训练试验才能获得长期记忆的观点并不总是正确的，”他说，而这“确实推动了该领域的发展”)”可推知，他觉得这个研究在该领域前进了一大步。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event.(但是，也有例外情况。例如，在一些研究中，蜜蜂在一次学习后形成了持久的记忆)”结合第一段介绍之前的研究表明蜜蜂的不同时段记忆需要不同的训练实现，到新的实验推翻旧有理论，认为有些长期记忆也可以由一次训练达到。可知本文正是想说明这一最新发现。故C选项“蜜蜂只教一次就会记得”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Improve Yourself by 1% Each Day
Many people treat “life” as something that happens to them. They are the victim. ____36____ And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. How can you live a life by design instead of by default?
Set goals and actually achieve them
____37____ “New Year’s Resolutions” are the worst (or best) example of this. It’s easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.
Surround yourself with people you want to be like
Choose your friends carefully. As they say, “____38____” Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you’d like to go.
Don’t be afraid to go your own way
When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around. ____39____ And they will ask you how you did it.
Practice discipline
In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say “no” a hundred times more than you say the word “yes”. ____40____ And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.
A. Everybody sets goals.
B. They create the life they want to live.
C. Some people just don’t know when to quit.
D. They will see the life you’ve built for yourself.
E. You must be faithful to yourself and your goal.
F. When things go wrong, it’s someone else’s fault.
G. You are a reflection of those who you spend the most time with.
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. G 39. D 40. E
【解析】
【分析】本篇是说明文。文章主要介绍了四个每天提高自己1%的方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Many people treat “life” as something that happens to them. They are the victim.(许多人把“生活”看成发生在他们身上的事情。他们是受害者)”以及后文“And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. (还有一些人很清楚自己的目标。当出现问题时，他们是第一个承认错误的人)”可知，上文提到许多人把自己当成受害者，后文则提到了主动承认错误的人，即本句承接上文进一步解释：当事情出错时，都是别人的错。故F选项“当事情出错时，是别人的错”符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
根据后文““New Year’s Resolutions” are the worst (or best) example of this. It’s easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.(“新年决心”是最坏（或最好）的例子。设定目标很容易，但很少有人会坚持到底。设计型的人养成了设定目标并实现目标的习惯。这种持续的练习能让他们设定越来越大的目标，并坚持到底)”可知，本段主要是关于设定目标并实现的问题，A选项中sets goals对应后文中set goals。故A选项“每个人都有自己的目标”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Choose your friends carefully.(慎重选择你的朋友)”以及后文“Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you’d like to go.(确保那些占据你生活和时间的人与你有共同的价值观。理想情况下，这些人甚至应该走在你前面一点，迫使你伸展并继续朝着你想要的方向发展)”可知，本段指出交友慎重，选择自己想成为那样子的人作为朋友，所以此处应该填：你经常相处的朋友能看出你是一个怎样的人或者想成为怎样的一个人。故G选项“你能反映出你和谁在一起的时间最多”符合语境，故选G。
【39题详解】
根据上文“When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around.(当你走自己的路时，每个人一开始都会说你错了。每个人都会指出并分享他们的观点，然后在某个时候，他们都会回过头来)”以及后文“And they will ask you how you did it.(他们会问你是怎么做到的)”可知，从上文可知，不要拘泥于别人的说辞，要坚持自己的选择。那些最初极力反对的人后来也会见证你的选择，并惊叹你所做到的一切。故D选项“他们会看到你为自己建立的生活”符合语境，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上文“In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say “no” a hundred times more than you say the word “yes”.(为了让你到达你知道你能到达的地方，你说“不”的次数要比你说“是”的次数多百倍)”以及后文“And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.(而要做到这一点，唯一的方法就是要有强烈的自我意识和纪律性)”可知，本段主旨是要忠于做自己，忠于既定目标，我们必须要有强烈的自我意识和原则性纪律性。故E选项“你必须忠于你自己和你的目标”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 2011. Stewart, a vet at an animal shelter, spotted a homeless man siting with his back ____41____ the building. A small dog sat on the homeless man’s lap. He noticed its scratched-off fur. He ____42____ the man and offered to bring medication for the dog’s skin, a gift the man readily ____43____.
“I remember returning a week and a half later, and the hair was coming back.” Stewart told the Modesto Bee. “The man started to cry, and that got me ____44____ up too,” Stewart says.
Today, Stewart, 50, has his own ____45____ in town, yet he’s helped roughly 400 street pets since 2011. Twenty-five percent of Modesto’s homeless population owns a pet, but there are few healthcare options ____46____ to them. To fill that gap, Stewart can often be found ____47____ through dark alleys, anywhere the homeless might ____48____ out. He carries his medical bag, which contains treatments for most of the cases. Occasionally, he ____49____ a medical problem that requires more attention. For those _____50_____ procedures, he set up an organization to help _____51_____ treatment costs.
Some people _____52_____ whether the homeless should have pets. “I think they deserve a pet.” Stewart said. “They love their pet probably more than the average person because the owner is the pet’s home.” On the other hand, one of those people, Joe, _____53_____, “When I first hit the streets, I was almost to the _____54_____ where I had been given up. My dog was an _____55_____ to my prayers. I don’t feel that loneliness with him.
41. A. on B. against C. near D. in
42. A. approached B. asked C. begged D. saved
43. A. sent B. delivered C. accepted D. shared
44. A. cheered B. warmed C. called D. choked
45. A. attention B. practice C. imagination D. experience
46. A. comfortable B. sensible C. suitable D. available
47. A. wandering B. running C. sleeping D. standing
48. A. drive B. pull C. camp D. drop
49. A. points out B. gathers up C. looks for D. comes across
50. A. painful B. different C. expensive D. difficult
51. A. cover B. balance C. control D. increase
52 A. see B. question C. survey D. remind
53. A. cried B. added C. screamed D. laughed
54. A. street B. shelter C. group D. point
55. A. obstacle B. introduction C. answer D. example
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了一位兽医关爱流浪汉的宠物，照顾他们的日常，从而体现人与人之间，人与动物之间的情感。
【41题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：斯图尔特是一家动物收容所的兽医，他看到一个无家可归的人背对着大楼坐在那里。A. on在……上面；B. against反对，靠着；C. near在……附近；D. in在……里面。此处against表示他的背“紧靠”墙。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走近这名男子，提出为狗皮带药，这名男子欣然接受了这份礼物。A. approached靠近；B. asked问；C. begged乞求；D. saved节省，拯救。根据“offered to bring medication for the dog’s skin”可知，此处表示他走近这名男子。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sent发送；B. delivered递送；C. accepted接受；D. shared分享。根据“a gift”可知，对方欣然“接受”这个礼物。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯图尔特说:“那名男子哭了起来，我也哽咽了。”A. cheered欢呼；B. warmed变暖和；C. called打电话；D. choked使窒息，哽咽。choke sb. up使某人哽咽，根据前文“The man started to cry”可知，此处表示自己也哽咽了。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，50岁的斯图尔特在镇上有了自己的诊所，但自2011年以来，他已经帮助了大约400只街头宠物。A. attention注意力；B. practice（医生、律师的）工作，业务活动；C. imagination想象力；D. experience经历，经验。practice可指（医生、律师的）工作，业务活动，工作地点，此处指Stewart在小镇开了诊所。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莫德斯托25%的无家可归者都养宠物，但可供他们选择的医疗服务很少。A. comfortable舒服的；B. sensible明智的，有感觉的；C. suitable合适的；D. available可利用的。根据“but there are few healthcare options”可知，此处指医疗选择很少。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了填补这一空白，斯图尔特经常在黑暗的小巷里游荡，在任何无家可归者可能露宿的地方。A. wandering漫游，闲逛；B. running跑；C. sleeping睡觉；D. standing站起来。他经常在小巷子里面逛，来为无家可归的人提供宠物医疗，wander可表示“闲逛”。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drive驾驶；B. pull拉；C. camp露营；D. drop掉落。camp out指“（在欠缺基本设备的地方）勉强暂住”，最符合无家可归的人的情况。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：偶尔，他会遇到需要更多关注健康问题。A. points out指出；B. gathers up收集，概括；C. looks for寻找；D. comes across偶然遇见。根据“Occasionally”可知，他偶然遇见需要更多关注的健康问题。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些昂贵的手术，他成立了一个组织来帮助支付治疗费用。A. painful痛苦的；B. different不同的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. difficult困难的。根据前文中的“requires more attention”以及下文中的“help cover treatment costs”可推测此处与钱相关，expensive表示昂贵的。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cover支付；B. balance平衡；C. control控制；D. increase增加。cover可以表示“支付，购付”，此处指帮助支付治疗费用。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些人质疑无家可归者是否应该养宠物。A. see看见；B. question提问；C. survey调查；D. remind提醒。根据“whether the homeless should have pets.”可知，question作为动词可以表示“对……提出质疑（异议）”。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，其中一个人，乔，补充说，“当我第一次到街上，我几乎已经到了放弃的程度。”A. cried哭；B. added增加；C. screamed尖叫；D. laughed笑。前面是Stewart医生的观点，后面是Joe作为一位受帮助的人补充说明养宠物的意义。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. street街道；B. shelter避难所；C. group小组；D. point观点，要点。to the point可强调“到……程度”。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的狗是对我祈祷的回应。A. obstacle障碍；B. introduction介绍；C. answer回答；D. example例子。prayer意为祈祷，answer与此搭配强调自己的祈祷应验了。故选C。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A law amendment(修正案) that allows couples in China to have three children ____56____(pass) on Friday. Supportive measures aimed at encouraging births, such as protecting women’s workplace rights and ____57____(lower) education costs, also received legal backing in the revised Population and Family Planing Law.
The policy shift addresses the challenge of declining birth rates. According to the ____58____(late) national survey, the proportion of those aged 60 and above rose to 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate ____59____(drop) to 1.3 children per woman.
Zhang Guilong, ____60____ official from the NPC, says that revisions made to the law are aimed at ensuring progress can be made toward the goal of achieving ____61____(balance) population development in the long run.
In particular, the revised law serves ____62____ a push for establishing affordable nursery care service systems. In ____63____(respond) to concerns that the third-child policy will likely deepen gender discrimination against working women, the law states that a women’s right to employment will be guaranteed and that employment services will be provided for those ____64____ jobs are affected due to pregnancies.
The law also for the first time addresses parental leave, making _____65_____ clear that support will be given to regions exercising the practice.
【答案】56. was passed
57. lowering
58. latest 59. dropped
60. an 61. balanced
62. as 63. response
64. whose 65. it
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。
【56题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。本句有时间状语on Friday，结合下文received也使用了过去时，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语A law amendment和pass为被动关系，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was passed。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在鼓励生育的支持性措施，如保护妇女的工作场所权利和降低教育费用，也在修订后的《人口和计划生育法》中得到法律支持。此处为measures“措施”的两个例子，lowering和protecting为并列结构，需填动名词作宾语。故填lowering。
【58题详解】
考查最高级。句意：根据最新的全国调查，去年60岁及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%，而出生率下降到每个妇女1.3个孩子。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填latest。
59题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填dropped。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：全国人大官员张贵龙表示，对该法律的修订旨在确保从长远来看能够朝着实现人口平衡发展的目标取得进展。official为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且official发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词population development。故填balanced。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：特别是，此次修改案是为了推进建立负担得起的保育服务体系。serve as...为固定短语，表示“充当”。故填as。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：针对“三胎”政策可能会加剧对职业女性的性别歧视的担忧，该法律表示，将保障女性的就业权利，并为那些因怀孕而工作受到影响的人提供就业服务。In response to…为固定短语，表示“回应”。故填response。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词those，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【65题详解】
考查代词。句意：该法律还首次解决了育儿假问题，明确表示将给予实施育儿假的地区支持。“make it adj.+that…”为固定用法，it为形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。故填it。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，应邀在校运动会的开幕式上发表演讲，请用英文写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 体育运动的重要性；
2. 平时你的运动习惯；
3. 预祝运动会取得成功。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
I feel it a supreme honor to deliver a brief speech in the opening ceremony.
Primarily, the sports meeting lays emphasis on raising students’ awareness of insistent exercise. Considering that students are burdened with academic pressure, exercise, which underlies physical fitness, turns out to be integral to campus life. Biologically, regular exercise contributes to the secretion of hormone that lifts our spirits as well as alleviates our anxiety.
From my personal experience, I go to gyms on a weekly basis to do some strength training, coupled with fierce ball games including basketball and badminton. It’s regular exercise that builds the immunity defense inside my body and maintains my vigorousness in my daily life.
On balance, on behalf of students present, I sincerely wish this sports meeting to be a complete success.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于演讲稿。要求考生在校运动会的开幕式上发表演讲。
【详解】1.词汇积累
做一个简短的演讲：deliver a brief speech → give a short speech
强调：lay emphasis on → emphasize
减轻我们的焦虑：alleviate our anxiety → relieve our anxiety
保持我的活力：maintains my vigorousness → keeps my vigorousness
2.句式拓展
原句：From my personal experience, I go to gyms on a weekly basis to do some strength training, coupled with fierce ball games including basketball and badminton.
拓展句：From my personal experience, I go to gyms on a weekly basis to do some strength training, which is coupled with fierce ball games including basketball and badminton.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Considering that students are burdened with academic pressure, exercise, which underlies physical fitness, turns out to be integral to campus life.(运用了现在分词作原因状语，that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Biologically, regular exercise contributes to the secretion of hormone that lifts our spirits as well as alleviates our anxiety. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] It’s regular exercise that builds the immunity defense inside my body and maintains my vigorousness in my daily life. (运用了强调句型)
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At noon on a brilliant Tuesday in March, my 12-year-old son Kai and I are a mile and a half into a four-day, 27-mile walk through the Grand Canyon—his first backpacking trip — when he asks: “Are we almost to camp?”
Um, no. Camp, at Hermit Creek, is seven miles and nearly 2,500 feet below, which will take us several more hours. We’re going down a poorly maintained path off the canyon, across which we can see many of the canyon’s layers. This is on display in cliffs hundreds of feet tall, a reminder of how far we have to go.
We are here largely because of a birthday note Kai wrote me two years ago in which he declared, “You used to be a wild 10-year-old like me and now you’re a wild 53-year-old. We can do so many things together! I am excited for when I’m old enough for the Grand Canyon!”
There are, I suppose, dads who could resist that, just as there are fathers who would plan an experience-appropriate trip for their sons. I am neither, so here we are. Never mind that; aside from simply being 12, Kai has done almost nothing to physically prepare for this. Or that I haven’t backpacked for 13 years.
We head on past twisty trees and brush. Soon the view broadens, and the layers grow deeper, down to the shadowy, 1.8 billion-year-old Vishnu, a panorama(全景) that leaves Kai excited. “This place is amazing,” he says.
Nightfall in the canyon can be magical. Darkness surrounds us, pressed by cool air. We navigate a narrow path to the stream and, hearing the sound of a waterfall, lie down to take in the stars. Twice I suggest we turn in. “Not yet,” Kai says. “This is too unbelievable.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The last day’s plan is to travel the three miles to the Colorado River, which is the most challenging.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the backpacking trip, I also write a note to my son.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The last day’s plan is to travel the three miles to the Colorado River, which is the most challenging. With high wind howling around, we ascend the steep rock and wade the winding stream. It’s almost impossible for a 12-year-old boy to overcome such a harsh condition. To my utter astonishment, he eventually manages to challenge himself to reach the destination and his spirits never sink despite his sore legs and minor bruises. Bathed in the warm sunshine, Kai skips with extreme excitement and shares everything novel with me along the Colorado River.
After the backpacking trip, I also write a note to my son. The note says “It’s not only a physically demanding adventure but also a spiritually rewarding experience. I’m delighted that we are both wild enough and enjoy this lifetime trip.” Although Kai is only an immature boy that may just focus on the gorgeous scenery, I still believe that when he gradually grows up, he will genuinely realize that the adventure imparts the courage and consistent beliefs to him to face the stormy passage.
【解析】
【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和12岁的儿子凯(Kai)要徒步穿越大峡谷(Grand canyon)的旅行经历。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“最后一天的计划是走三英里到科罗拉多河，这是最具挑战性的。”可知，第一段可描写作者和儿子在经历艰难险阻之后最终到达目的地。
②由第二段首句内容“背包旅行结束后，我也给儿子写了一张纸条。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这次旅行经历之后的感想。
2.续写线索：克服恶劣环境——最终到达目的地——作者感到惊讶——Kai很兴奋——作者认为当前儿子只会专注美景——作者相信儿子会具有勇气和信念
3.词汇激活
行为类
克服：overcome/get over
到达：reach/arrive at
专注于：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
惊讶：astonishment/amazement
兴奋：excitement/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I’m delighted that we are both wild enough and enjoy this lifetime trip.（that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Although Kai is only an immature boy that may just focus on the gorgeous scenery, I still believe that when he gradually grows up, he will genuinely realize that the adventure imparts the courage and consistent beliefs to him to face the stormy passage.（although引导让步状语从句，第一个that引导定语从句，第二个和第三个that引导宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句）
2022届重庆市巴蜀中学高三上学期适应性月考卷（三）英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of Flora?
A. Lovely. B. Huge. C. Scary.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m glad to show you Flora. Don’t worry. She won’t bite. Isn’t she cute?
M: No! Keep it away from me! Snakes are horrible.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers doing?
A. Driving a car. B. Crossing the street. C. Riding a bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Watch out! You didn’t even look before you stepped out onto the road.
M: Oh my! Thank you for stopping me. The bus driver is shaking his head at me. I’m so sorry!
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why was the man late?
A. He was ill. B. He had a poor memory. C. He wasn’t informed.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.
M: He has a very short memory and it is a real headache for us.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman advise Jack to do?
A. Learn to share. B. Apologize to Willie. C. Ask for help.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, sometimes you need to share. You should be nice to Willie and let him play on the swings too. Wouldn’t you want him to do the same thing for you?
M: That’s not fair! I was here first.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the woman arrive at the office tomorrow?
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 9:30 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What time is tomorrow’s meeting? Is it at 9:30?
M: No, it’s scheduled for 10:00 in the morning.
W: Good. That gives me an hour to prepare after getting to the office.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How will the man celebrate his birthday?
A. He’ll have a party. B. He’ll go out for a meal. C. He’ll play computer games.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: So, what are you going to do for your birthday?
M: Well, I was hoping to have a party but most of my friends are too busy. I’ve accepted my parents’ offer to take me out for a meal.
W: Have you finished all this term’s work? Dr. Smith required us to hand it in before this Wednesday.
M: Yes. Last week I thought I would have to spend my birthday sitting at the computer, but luckily I’ve finished all my work now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What happened to the woman’s sweater?
A. It became smaller. B. It became pink. C. It became dirty.
9. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. To follow the instructions. B. To separate sweaters from T-shirts. C. To throw away the label.
10. Why did the clothes smell bad?
A. The man forgot to wash them.
B. The man didn’t use washing powder.
C. The man dry-cleaned them improperly.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh no! My favorite wool sweater is destroyed.
M: Oops, my bad. I thought it could go in the washer and dryer.
W: No! It shrinks. You have to read the label. It says it can only be dry-cleaned.
M: I’m so sorry, my mistake. I’ll do that next time.
W: Also, look at this. My white T-shirt is pink! You have to separate the whites and colors.
M: Oh, you’re right! Why do I always forget that?
W: Honey, please follow all the instructions before you do the laundry.
M: Alright. I’ll wash the clothes properly next time. No more mistakes, starting now!
W: Eww. These clothes still smell bad, too. Did you add laundry powder?
M: Umm, don’t get angry, but I think I forgot.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where did the man learn about Mark Brown?
A. From TV. B. From the radio. C. From the newspaper.
12. What was Mark Brown praised for?
A. Saving people from the flood. B. Raising awareness of the flood. C. Donating money to flood victims.
13. Why did the woman want to write Mr.Brown a letter?
A. To ask him for more help. B. To express her admiration. C. To know more about his life.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Linda, did you hear about the storm in the south of the country?
W: Yes, how could I not hear about it? It’s all over the news.
M: But have you heard about Mark Brown?
W: No. Who is that?
M: Well, his story is in today’s paper. Listen: “Trouble in the south as rain continues to fall and the water continues to rise. One man fights not only for his life but for others as well. Mark Brown is a local man who owns a small boat. He has been using his boat to help people in need. He picks them up and takes them to safety. His actions are winning praise from people all over the country.”
W: Wow, Mr. Brown is an amazing man.
M: We can all learn a lesson from him.
W: I think I will write him a letter to thank him for his service.
M: That is a great idea. I am sure he will appreciate that.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Where is the Grand Hotel?
A. At the first crossing. B. Next to the Central Bank. C. Opposite the post office.
15. What does the man think of uphill walk?
A. It’s demanding. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s easy.
16. How will the woman probably go to the Grand Hotel?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, excuse me, I’m sorry to bother you, but do you know where the Grand Hotel is?
M: Just a minute. You walk down this street and turn left at the first crossing. Walk along that road. Turn right at the Central Bank. After that you make a left-hand turn at the first traffic light. The Grand Hotel is on the right side.
W: Great! Are there any landmarks nearby?
M: Yeah, I think so. I think the hotel is right across the street from the post office. You can’t miss it.
W: Oh, that’s good. I should be able to find it pretty easily then. Is it far from here?
M: Yeah, it’s going to take you a while if you go on foot. I’d say it’s about a 30-minute uphill walk. You have to be as strong as a lion to make it.
W: Oh, that would take too long and I’m kind of in a hurry. Can I take a bus there?
M: Well, you could take a bus there, but you would have to transfer buses twice. A taxi would probably be a lot quicker.
W: All right. Speed comes first. Thank you.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How long does the book fair last this week?
A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Four days.
18. Where will the donated money go?
A. To the art department. B. To the sports teams. C. To the computer lab.
19. Whose class is hosting a bake sale?
A. Mr. Gogh’s. B. Mr. Black’s. C. Mr. Smith’s.
20. Who is the announcement intended for?
A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Parents.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Our school is hosting an event to honor Vincent van Gogh. Please join us at the gym at 8:00 am on Wednesday for a view of his artwork. Food and drinks will be served. Admission is free although we are asking for a donation of $3 at the door, which will go to our school’s art department.
Our school’s book fair is scheduled to take place in the library this week from 9:00 am until 5:00 pm, Monday through Thursday. Most books will be under $10. Mr. Black’s class is also hosting a bake sale to support the school’s sports teams. Cookies, cakes and other treats will be available.
Meanwhile, the parent book club will meet on Tuesday in Mr. Smith’s room. I know that many of your children hang out in the computer lab after school, but it will be closed this week. The lab will open again on Monday. Thank you for being an active part of your children’s life. We really enjoy having you as part of the community here.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sahara Marathon 2021-Around the World
The Sahara Marathon is organized by the Saharawi Ministry of Youth and Sports and a group of volunteers from different countries. During the last twenty years, thousands of runners from all continents have traveled to the Algerian desert to live the experience provided by this race and to bond with refugee families. In this unique edition of 2021, the experience will be different. The race will be held in a virtual way and the donations collected through the event will go to the most needy families in the Saharawi Camps of Tindouf.
Rules of the 2021 Sahara Marathon
Participation
All those people over 16 years of age (16 included) may take part in this virtual competition, as long as they are correctly registered, both in time and in form. The registered runner must download the Official Sahara Marathon APP to take the race.
Distance and Travel
The distance options selectable in the APP are: 5k, 10k, 21k and 42k. As it is a virtual test, it is very important to make sure that the chosen route allows good mobile coverage for the correct functioning of the GPS.
Registration
Registration has a cost of 15 euros, which includes participation in the race and a donation of 5 euros to refugee families. Participants can, if they choose, purchase the official pack of the test (T-shirt, scar, and bib) for the price of 25 euros.
Acceptance
Registration is personal and non-transferable and implies acceptance of these regulations. Runners who are not registered or run without the APP will not be admitted.
21. What can we learn about the 2021 Sahara Marathon?
A. It is a big family event. B. It provides a virtual tour.
C. It raises money for charity. D. It will be held in the desert.
22. How much should a runner pay if he wants to register for the race?
A. 15 euros. B. 20 euros. C. 25 euros. D. 40 euros.
23. What are runners required to do in the race?
A. Choose safe routes. B. Wear casual clothes.
C. Run with the official app. D. Transfer registration in time.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本篇是应用文。主要介绍了2021年撒哈拉马拉松的一些规则和注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The race will be held in a virtual way and the donations collected through the event will go to the most needy families in the Saharawi Camps of Tindouf.(比赛将以虚拟方式举行，通过活动募集的善款将捐给撒哈拉难民营最需要帮助的家庭)”可知，2021年撒哈拉马拉松是为了进行慈善筹款。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Registration部分中“Registration has a cost of 15 euros(注册费用为15欧元)”可知，如果一个运动员想报名参加比赛，他应该付15欧元。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Participation部分中“The registered runner must download the Official Sahara Marathon APP to take the race.(报名选手必须下载撒哈拉马拉松官方APP才能参加比赛)”可知，报名选手必须下载马拉松官方app参赛。故选C。
B
Mark Bertram lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It’s life-changing but it’s not life-ending,” he says.
After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to ask Eric Catalano, a tattoo artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio in Hecker, Illinois. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”
Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, and it eventually was viewed by millions of people around the world. The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical tattooing. Now people who want to cover their life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop.
Leslie Pollan, a dog breeder, was bitten on the face by a puppy. She underwent countless surgeries but those gave her no hope. She ultimately traveled six hours for a session with Catalano. He camouflaged Pollan’s lip scar, giving her back confidence.
Though he is now known for his talent with intricate fingernail, Catalano uses the techniques he picked up years ago while helping breast cancer survivors. Those tattoos are among the most common paramedical requests. His grandmother had breast cancer, and her battle with the disease is one reason Catalano is so dedicated to helping those with the diagnosis.
Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos each “Wellness Wednesday”. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn’t charge for paramedical tattoos: A GoFundMe page established last year brought in more than $16,000, allowing Catalano to donate his work.
“Financially, it doesn’t make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see emotions from my customers, I am 100 percent sure this is something that I can’t stop doing.”
24. How did people in the studio react to Bertram’s idea at first?
A. They took it lightly. B. They found it creative.
C. They were confused. D. They were impressed.
25. What does the underlined word “camouflaged” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Exposed. B. Hid. C. Ignored. D. Removed.
26. What does Catalano say about his work with paramedical tattoos?
A. It is flexible. B. It is demanding. C. It is profitable. D. It is rewarding.
27. Which of the following can best describe Catalano?
A. Humorous and experienced. B. Devoted and generous.
C. Cooperative and grateful. D. Professional and tolerant.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了纹身艺术家Catalano帮助身体遭遇不幸的人，用纹身艺术弥补他们的缺陷，帮助他们重拾信心；且他认为免费为别人医疗纹身是一件幸事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The idea made everyone in the studio laugh(这个想法让工作室里的每个人都笑了)”可知，人们一开始并没有严肃对待这个想法。故选A。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Leslie Pollan, a dog breeder, was bitten on the face by a puppy. She underwent countless surgeries but those gave her no hope.”以及后文“giving her back confidence”可知，Leslie Pollan被一只小狗咬了脸。她做了无数次手术，但这些都没有给她带来希望，最后是Catalano用纹身帮她隐藏了疤痕，重拾了自信。故画线词意思是“隐藏”。A. Exposed.接触；B. Hid.隐藏；C. Ignored.忽视；D. Removed.去除。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Financially, it doesn’t make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see emotions from my customers, I am 100 percent sure this is something that I can’t stop doing.”(“从经济上讲，这没有意义，”Catalano说。“但每次我看到我的顾客情绪激动，我都百分之百地肯定，我不能停止这样做。”)”可推知，Catalano认为辅助医疗纹身是值得的。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn’t charge for paramedical tattoos: A GoFundMe page established last year brought in more than $16,000, allowing Catalano to donate his work.(虽然他对普通纹身收费100美元，但他对辅助医疗纹身不收费：去年建立的GoFundMe网页带来了超过1.6万美元的收入，使Catalano可以捐赠自己的作品)”结合Catalano认真对待每一次顾客及那么多顾客慕名而来，可知他是一位尽职的艺术家；倒数两段告诉读者对于医疗文身主人公是免费的，他不为利益而做。即Catalano是个尽职和慷慨的人。故选B。
C
Adderall is the most popular among the “study drugs” on American campuses. Around 30 per cent of American students have taken “study drugs” at least once, and the higher-ranking the university, the more common it is.
Relatively speaking, prescriptions (处方) come cheap on campus. One Harvard undergraduate had initially turned up to the campus health center with depression. The psychiatrist (精神科医生) gave him a quick questionnaire, decided he had ADHD (多动症) and gave him Adderall, which he now uses almost daily. Another Harvard student, having suffered a spots-related head injury, approached a campus psychiatrist and was prescribed 20 mg of Adderall. Within weeks, he was taking as much as 200 mg a day (ten times the standard dose). He soon dropped out of school. After that, it was drink, hard drugs and yet more Adderall. Having gone through rehab (戒瘾康复), he’s now back at Harvard — five years older than his peers — and determined to get his degree.
One thing you can do after getting a prescription is “sell it to your friends who haven’t been so well trained in the theatre to get themselves a diagnosis”, an Ivy League undergraduate explains. “You make some money and have more fun and everyone benefits.” Many students think Adderall helps them focus, still and finish their work. Demand is always highest around finals, which is why it’s sensible to get orders early.
Psychiatrist Dr. Allen Frances, who helped shape the American Psychiatric Association’s definition of ADHD in the 1990s, says that while Adderall can be helpful in certain circumstances, with many patients,the clinically appropriate thing to tell them is “there’s not a lot wrong with you, just get on with your life”.
28. What can we infer about many campus prescriptions for Adderall?
A. They are powerful. B. They are illegal. C. They are standard. D. They are inappropriate.
29. Why do students buy prescriptions for Adderall from their peers?
A. It rids them of mental diseases. B. It brings them financial benefits.
C. It gets them better prepared for exams. D. It helps them improve their stage performance.
30. What does Dr. Allen Frances suggest psychiatrists do?
A. Evaluate Adderall’s harm. B. Recognize ADHD’s symptoms.
C. Avoid over-prescription of Adderall. D. Expand patients’ knowledge of Adderall.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The magic power of Adderall. B. The trend of taking a “study drug”.
C. The widespread ignorance of ADHD. D. The disadvantage of college health care.
【答案】28 D 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。作者介绍了Adderall在美国校园流行的现状，原因及对此表示担忧。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Relatively speaking, prescriptions (处方) come cheap on campus.(相对而言，校园里的处方很便宜)”以及接下来的两位哈佛学生的经历可知，很多时候校医在为学生诊断及开药的时候不够严谨。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many students think Adderall helps them focus, still and finish their work. Demand is always highest around finals, which is why it’s sensible to get orders early.(许多学生认为Adderall帮助他们集中注意力，完成工作。在期末考试前后，需求总是最高的，这就是为什么提前获得订单是明智的)”可知，学生们从他们的同龄人那里购买Adderall，因为这能让他们更好地准备考试。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Psychiatrist Dr. Allen Frances, who helped shape the American Psychiatric Association’s definition of ADHD in the 1990s, says that while Adderall can be helpful in certain circumstances, with many patients,the clinically appropriate thing to tell them is “there’s not a lot wrong with you, just get on with your life”.(在20世纪90年代帮助美国精神病学协会对ADHD作出定义的心理医生艾伦·弗朗西丝(Allen Frances)博士说，虽然Adderall在某些情况下是有帮助的，但对很多患者来说，临床上应该告诉他们的是，“你没什么问题，继续生活吧”)”可推知，对于那些ADHD患者来讲临床最好的方法是告诉他们，他们没什么不对劲，正常生活就好，医生不过度开Adderall。故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Adderall is the most popular among the “study drugs” on American campuses. Around 30 per cent of American students have taken “study drugs” at least once, and the higher-ranking the university, the more common it is.(Adderall是美国校园里最受欢迎“学习药物”。大约30%的美国学生至少服用过一次“学习药物”，排名越高的大学，这种情况就越普遍)”可知，本文主要讲述的就是在美国校园最流行的“study drug”—Adderall的开具和服用现状以及对此现象的忧虑及最佳解决办法。故选B。
D
With their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.
Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event. Such results are often regarded as circumstantial anomalies, says Martin Giurfa of the University of Toulouse. But the anomalous findings, together with research showing that fruit flies and ants can form long-term memories after single experiences, aroused Giurfa’s curiosity. Was it possible that honeybees could reliably do the same? Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience. Within a honeybee colony, there are nurses, who clean the hive and feed the young; guards, who patrol and protect the hive; and foragers, who search for nectar.
While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.
The researchers observed that a single exposure to a reward-paired odor was enough for most forager bees to remember that specific odor the following day. Many foragers could even remember the odor three day later.
The results do not mean that all prior research was wrong, says André Fiala of the University of Göttingen. “People have done the experiments in a different way.” Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”
32. What does the author want to tell us through Paragraph 1?
A. A model for memory research. B. The classification of memories.
C. New research on learning and memory. D. Previous findings on memory formation.
33. Which factor might influence a bee’s memory of an experience, according to Giurfa’s research?
A. Whether the bee's role is related. B. Whether the bee is introduced or native.
C. How often the bee repeats the experience. D. How long the bee is exposed to the reward.
34. What is Andre Fiala’s attitude towards the new results?
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Intolerant. D. Unclear.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Learning and Memory: How Honeybees Remember
B. Honeybee Memory: Honeybee Knows What to Do
C. Honeybees Remember after Just One Lesson
D. Honeybees Use Memory for Communication
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章重在介绍新的研究推翻过去实验的结论，认为蜜蜂的记忆，尤其是长期记忆不一定需要多次训练。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.(蜜蜂有着微小的大脑和记忆花蜜位置的出色能力，是学习和记忆最受欢迎的模式生物。这样的研究表明，要形成长期记忆——持续一天以上的记忆——昆虫需要至少重复三次训练经历。相比之下，分别持续几秒到几分钟和几分钟到几小时的短期记忆和中期记忆只需要一次学习经验)”可推知，作者想通过第一段告诉我们关于先前关于记忆形成的发现。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience.( Giurfa推断，形成长期记忆的能力可能取决于特定种类的蜜蜂和经历)”以及第三段“While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.(虽然之前的研究对蜜蜂进行了整体测试，但Ciurfa和他的同事们把注意力集中在觅食者身上，让他们记住一种与他们的角色相关的经历：一种与含糖奖励相关的气味)”可知，当蜜蜂的角色和他们所要记忆的东西有相关性时，他们会一次形成长期记忆。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”(不过，新的研究结果确实表明，“人们普遍认为需要多次训练试验才能获得长期记忆的观点并不总是正确的，”他说，而这“确实推动了该领域的发展”)”可推知，他觉得这个研究在该领域前进了一大步。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event.(但是，也有例外情况。例如，在一些研究中，蜜蜂在一次学习后形成了持久的记忆)”结合第一段介绍之前的研究表明蜜蜂的不同时段记忆需要不同的训练实现，到新的实验推翻旧有理论，认为有些长期记忆也可以由一次训练达到。可知本文正是想说明这一最新发现。故C选项“蜜蜂只教一次就会记得”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Improve Yourself by 1% Each Day
Many people treat “life” as something that happens to them. They are the victim. ____36____ And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. How can you live a life by design instead of by default?
Set goals and actually achieve them
____37____ “New Year’s Resolutions” are the worst (or best) example of this. It’s easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.
Surround yourself with people you want to be like
Choose your friends carefully. As they say, “____38____” Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you’d like to go.
Don’t be afraid to go your own way
When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around. ____39____ And they will ask you how you did it.
Practice discipline
In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say “no” a hundred times more than you say the word “yes”. ____40____ And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.
A. Everybody sets goals.
B. They create the life they want to live.
C. Some people just don’t know when to quit.
D. They will see the life you’ve built for yourself.
E. You must be faithful to yourself and your goal.
F. When things go wrong, it’s someone else’s fault.
G. You are a reflection of those who you spend the most time with.
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. G 39. D 40. E
【解析】
【分析】本篇是说明文。文章主要介绍了四个每天提高自己1%的方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Many people treat “life” as something that happens to them. They are the victim.(许多人把“生活”看成发生在他们身上的事情。他们是受害者)”以及后文“And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. (还有一些人很清楚自己的目标。当出现问题时，他们是第一个承认错误的人)”可知，上文提到许多人把自己当成受害者，后文则提到了主动承认错误的人，即本句承接上文进一步解释：当事情出错时，都是别人的错。故F选项“当事情出错时，是别人的错”符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
根据后文““New Year’s Resolutions” are the worst (or best) example of this. It’s easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.(“新年决心”是最坏（或最好）的例子。设定目标很容易，但很少有人会坚持到底。设计型的人养成了设定目标并实现目标的习惯。这种持续的练习能让他们设定越来越大的目标，并坚持到底)”可知，本段主要是关于设定目标并实现的问题，A选项中sets goals对应后文中set goals。故A选项“每个人都有自己的目标”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Choose your friends carefully.(慎重选择你的朋友)”以及后文“Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you’d like to go.(确保那些占据你生活和时间的人与你有共同的价值观。理想情况下，这些人甚至应该走在你前面一点，迫使你伸展并继续朝着你想要的方向发展)”可知，本段指出交友慎重，选择自己想成为那样子的人作为朋友，所以此处应该填：你经常相处的朋友能看出你是一个怎样的人或者想成为怎样的一个人。故G选项“你能反映出你和谁在一起的时间最多”符合语境，故选G。
【39题详解】
根据上文“When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around.(当你走自己的路时，每个人一开始都会说你错了。每个人都会指出并分享他们的观点，然后在某个时候，他们都会回过头来)”以及后文“And they will ask you how you did it.(他们会问你是怎么做到的)”可知，从上文可知，不要拘泥于别人的说辞，要坚持自己的选择。那些最初极力反对的人后来也会见证你的选择，并惊叹你所做到的一切。故D选项“他们会看到你为自己建立的生活”符合语境，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上文“In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say “no” a hundred times more than you say the word “yes”.(为了让你到达你知道你能到达的地方，你说“不”的次数要比你说“是”的次数多百倍)”以及后文“And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.(而要做到这一点，唯一的方法就是要有强烈的自我意识和纪律性)”可知，本段主旨是要忠于做自己，忠于既定目标，我们必须要有强烈的自我意识和原则性纪律性。故E选项“你必须忠于你自己和你的目标”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 2011. Stewart, a vet at an animal shelter, spotted a homeless man siting with his back ____41____ the building. A small dog sat on the homeless man’s lap. He noticed its scratched-off fur. He ____42____ the man and offered to bring medication for the dog’s skin, a gift the man readily ____43____.
“I remember returning a week and a half later, and the hair was coming back.” Stewart told the Modesto Bee. “The man started to cry, and that got me ____44____ up too,” Stewart says.
Today, Stewart, 50, has his own ____45____ in town, yet he’s helped roughly 400 street pets since 2011. Twenty-five percent of Modesto’s homeless population owns a pet, but there are few healthcare options ____46____ to them. To fill that gap, Stewart can often be found ____47____ through dark alleys, anywhere the homeless might ____48____ out. He carries his medical bag, which contains treatments for most of the cases. Occasionally, he ____49____ a medical problem that requires more attention. For those _____50_____ procedures, he set up an organization to help _____51_____ treatment costs.
Some people _____52_____ whether the homeless should have pets. “I think they deserve a pet.” Stewart said. “They love their pet probably more than the average person because the owner is the pet’s home.” On the other hand, one of those people, Joe, _____53_____, “When I first hit the streets, I was almost to the _____54_____ where I had been given up. My dog was an _____55_____ to my prayers. I don’t feel that loneliness with him.
41. A. on B. against C. near D. in
42. A. approached B. asked C. begged D. saved
43. A. sent B. delivered C. accepted D. shared
44. A. cheered B. warmed C. called D. choked
45. A. attention B. practice C. imagination D. experience
46. A. comfortable B. sensible C. suitable D. available
47. A. wandering B. running C. sleeping D. standing
48. A. drive B. pull C. camp D. drop
49. A. points out B. gathers up C. looks for D. comes across
50. A. painful B. different C. expensive D. difficult
51. A. cover B. balance C. control D. increase
52 A. see B. question C. survey D. remind
53. A. cried B. added C. screamed D. laughed
54. A. street B. shelter C. group D. point
55. A. obstacle B. introduction C. answer D. example
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了一位兽医关爱流浪汉的宠物，照顾他们的日常，从而体现人与人之间，人与动物之间的情感。
【41题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：斯图尔特是一家动物收容所的兽医，他看到一个无家可归的人背对着大楼坐在那里。A. on在……上面；B. against反对，靠着；C. near在……附近；D. in在……里面。此处against表示他的背“紧靠”墙。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走近这名男子，提出为狗皮带药，这名男子欣然接受了这份礼物。A. approached靠近；B. asked问；C. begged乞求；D. saved节省，拯救。根据“offered to bring medication for the dog’s skin”可知，此处表示他走近这名男子。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sent发送；B. delivered递送；C. accepted接受；D. shared分享。根据“a gift”可知，对方欣然“接受”这个礼物。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯图尔特说:“那名男子哭了起来，我也哽咽了。”A. cheered欢呼；B. warmed变暖和；C. called打电话；D. choked使窒息，哽咽。choke sb. up使某人哽咽，根据前文“The man started to cry”可知，此处表示自己也哽咽了。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，50岁的斯图尔特在镇上有了自己的诊所，但自2011年以来，他已经帮助了大约400只街头宠物。A. attention注意力；B. practice（医生、律师的）工作，业务活动；C. imagination想象力；D. experience经历，经验。practice可指（医生、律师的）工作，业务活动，工作地点，此处指Stewart在小镇开了诊所。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莫德斯托25%的无家可归者都养宠物，但可供他们选择的医疗服务很少。A. comfortable舒服的；B. sensible明智的，有感觉的；C. suitable合适的；D. available可利用的。根据“but there are few healthcare options”可知，此处指医疗选择很少。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了填补这一空白，斯图尔特经常在黑暗的小巷里游荡，在任何无家可归者可能露宿的地方。A. wandering漫游，闲逛；B. running跑；C. sleeping睡觉；D. standing站起来。他经常在小巷子里面逛，来为无家可归的人提供宠物医疗，wander可表示“闲逛”。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drive驾驶；B. pull拉；C. camp露营；D. drop掉落。camp out指“（在欠缺基本设备的地方）勉强暂住”，最符合无家可归的人的情况。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：偶尔，他会遇到需要更多关注健康问题。A. points out指出；B. gathers up收集，概括；C. looks for寻找；D. comes across偶然遇见。根据“Occasionally”可知，他偶然遇见需要更多关注的健康问题。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些昂贵的手术，他成立了一个组织来帮助支付治疗费用。A. painful痛苦的；B. different不同的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. difficult困难的。根据前文中的“requires more attention”以及下文中的“help cover treatment costs”可推测此处与钱相关，expensive表示昂贵的。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cover支付；B. balance平衡；C. control控制；D. increase增加。cover可以表示“支付，购付”，此处指帮助支付治疗费用。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些人质疑无家可归者是否应该养宠物。A. see看见；B. question提问；C. survey调查；D. remind提醒。根据“whether the homeless should have pets.”可知，question作为动词可以表示“对……提出质疑（异议）”。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，其中一个人，乔，补充说，“当我第一次到街上，我几乎已经到了放弃的程度。”A. cried哭；B. added增加；C. screamed尖叫；D. laughed笑。前面是Stewart医生的观点，后面是Joe作为一位受帮助的人补充说明养宠物的意义。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. street街道；B. shelter避难所；C. group小组；D. point观点，要点。to the point可强调“到……程度”。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的狗是对我祈祷的回应。A. obstacle障碍；B. introduction介绍；C. answer回答；D. example例子。prayer意为祈祷，answer与此搭配强调自己的祈祷应验了。故选C。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A law amendment(修正案) that allows couples in China to have three children ____56____(pass) on Friday. Supportive measures aimed at encouraging births, such as protecting women’s workplace rights and ____57____(lower) education costs, also received legal backing in the revised Population and Family Planing Law.
The policy shift addresses the challenge of declining birth rates. According to the ____58____(late) national survey, the proportion of those aged 60 and above rose to 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate ____59____(drop) to 1.3 children per woman.
Zhang Guilong, ____60____ official from the NPC, says that revisions made to the law are aimed at ensuring progress can be made toward the goal of achieving ____61____(balance) population development in the long run.
In particular, the revised law serves ____62____ a push for establishing affordable nursery care service systems. In ____63____(respond) to concerns that the third-child policy will likely deepen gender discrimination against working women, the law states that a women’s right to employment will be guaranteed and that employment services will be provided for those ____64____ jobs are affected due to pregnancies.
The law also for the first time addresses parental leave, making _____65_____ clear that support will be given to regions exercising the practice.
【答案】56. was passed
57. lowering
58. latest 59. dropped
60. an 61. balanced
62. as 63. response
64. whose 65. it
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。
【56题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。本句有时间状语on Friday，结合下文received也使用了过去时，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语A law amendment和pass为被动关系，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was passed。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在鼓励生育的支持性措施，如保护妇女的工作场所权利和降低教育费用，也在修订后的《人口和计划生育法》中得到法律支持。此处为measures“措施”的两个例子，lowering和protecting为并列结构，需填动名词作宾语。故填lowering。
【58题详解】
考查最高级。句意：根据最新的全国调查，去年60岁及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%，而出生率下降到每个妇女1.3个孩子。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填latest。
59题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填dropped。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：全国人大官员张贵龙表示，对该法律的修订旨在确保从长远来看能够朝着实现人口平衡发展的目标取得进展。official为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且official发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词population development。故填balanced。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：特别是，此次修改案是为了推进建立负担得起的保育服务体系。serve as...为固定短语，表示“充当”。故填as。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：针对“三胎”政策可能会加剧对职业女性的性别歧视的担忧，该法律表示，将保障女性的就业权利，并为那些因怀孕而工作受到影响的人提供就业服务。In response to…为固定短语，表示“回应”。故填response。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词those，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【65题详解】
考查代词。句意：该法律还首次解决了育儿假问题，明确表示将给予实施育儿假的地区支持。“make it adj.+that…”为固定用法，it为形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。故填it。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，应邀在校运动会的开幕式上发表演讲，请用英文写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 体育运动的重要性；
2. 平时你的运动习惯；
3. 预祝运动会取得成功。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
I feel it a supreme honor to deliver a brief speech in the opening ceremony.
Primarily, the sports meeting lays emphasis on raising students’ awareness of insistent exercise. Considering that students are burdened with academic pressure, exercise, which underlies physical fitness, turns out to be integral to campus life. Biologically, regular exercise contributes to the secretion of hormone that lifts our spirits as well as alleviates our anxiety.
From my personal experience, I go to gyms on a weekly basis to do some strength training, coupled with fierce ball games including basketball and badminton. It’s regular exercise that builds the immunity defense inside my body and maintains my vigorousness in my daily life.
On balance, on behalf of students present, I sincerely wish this sports meeting to be a complete success.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于演讲稿。要求考生在校运动会的开幕式上发表演讲。
【详解】1.词汇积累
做一个简短的演讲：deliver a brief speech → give a short speech
强调：lay emphasis on → emphasize
减轻我们的焦虑：alleviate our anxiety → relieve our anxiety
保持我的活力：maintains my vigorousness → keeps my vigorousness
2.句式拓展
原句：From my personal experience, I go to gyms on a weekly basis to do some strength training, coupled with fierce ball games including basketball and badminton.
拓展句：From my personal experience, I go to gyms on a weekly basis to do some strength training, which is coupled with fierce ball games including basketball and badminton.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Considering that students are burdened with academic pressure, exercise, which underlies physical fitness, turns out to be integral to campus life.(运用了现在分词作原因状语，that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Biologically, regular exercise contributes to the secretion of hormone that lifts our spirits as well as alleviates our anxiety. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] It’s regular exercise that builds the immunity defense inside my body and maintains my vigorousness in my daily life. (运用了强调句型)
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At noon on a brilliant Tuesday in March, my 12-year-old son Kai and I are a mile and a half into a four-day, 27-mile walk through the Grand Canyon—his first backpacking trip — when he asks: “Are we almost to camp?”
Um, no. Camp, at Hermit Creek, is seven miles and nearly 2,500 feet below, which will take us several more hours. We’re going down a poorly maintained path off the canyon, across which we can see many of the canyon’s layers. This is on display in cliffs hundreds of feet tall, a reminder of how far we have to go.
We are here largely because of a birthday note Kai wrote me two years ago in which he declared, “You used to be a wild 10-year-old like me and now you’re a wild 53-year-old. We can do so many things together! I am excited for when I’m old enough for the Grand Canyon!”
There are, I suppose, dads who could resist that, just as there are fathers who would plan an experience-appropriate trip for their sons. I am neither, so here we are. Never mind that; aside from simply being 12, Kai has done almost nothing to physically prepare for this. Or that I haven’t backpacked for 13 years.
We head on past twisty trees and brush. Soon the view broadens, and the layers grow deeper, down to the shadowy, 1.8 billion-year-old Vishnu, a panorama(全景) that leaves Kai excited. “This place is amazing,” he says.
Nightfall in the canyon can be magical. Darkness surrounds us, pressed by cool air. We navigate a narrow path to the stream and, hearing the sound of a waterfall, lie down to take in the stars. Twice I suggest we turn in. “Not yet,” Kai says. “This is too unbelievable.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The last day’s plan is to travel the three miles to the Colorado River, which is the most challenging.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the backpacking trip, I also write a note to my son.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The last day’s plan is to travel the three miles to the Colorado River, which is the most challenging. With high wind howling around, we ascend the steep rock and wade the winding stream. It’s almost impossible for a 12-year-old boy to overcome such a harsh condition. To my utter astonishment, he eventually manages to challenge himself to reach the destination and his spirits never sink despite his sore legs and minor bruises. Bathed in the warm sunshine, Kai skips with extreme excitement and shares everything novel with me along the Colorado River.
After the backpacking trip, I also write a note to my son. The note says “It’s not only a physically demanding adventure but also a spiritually rewarding experience. I’m delighted that we are both wild enough and enjoy this lifetime trip.” Although Kai is only an immature boy that may just focus on the gorgeous scenery, I still believe that when he gradually grows up, he will genuinely realize that the adventure imparts the courage and consistent beliefs to him to face the stormy passage.
【解析】
【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和12岁的儿子凯(Kai)要徒步穿越大峡谷(Grand canyon)的旅行经历。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“最后一天的计划是走三英里到科罗拉多河，这是最具挑战性的。”可知，第一段可描写作者和儿子在经历艰难险阻之后最终到达目的地。
②由第二段首句内容“背包旅行结束后，我也给儿子写了一张纸条。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这次旅行经历之后的感想。
2.续写线索：克服恶劣环境——最终到达目的地——作者感到惊讶——Kai很兴奋——作者认为当前儿子只会专注美景——作者相信儿子会具有勇气和信念
3.词汇激活
行为类
克服：overcome/get over
到达：reach/arrive at
专注于：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
惊讶：astonishment/amazement
兴奋：excitement/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I’m delighted that we are both wild enough and enjoy this lifetime trip.（that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Although Kai is only an immature boy that may just focus on the gorgeous scenery, I still believe that when he gradually grows up, he will genuinely realize that the adventure imparts the courage and consistent beliefs to him to face the stormy passage.（although引导让步状语从句，第一个that引导定语从句，第二个和第三个that引导宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句）
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