人教版新目标英语中考复习同步语法复习8A Units9—10课件

这是一份人教版新目标英语中考复习同步语法复习8A Units9—10课件，共57页。
语法突破---条件状语从句、句子成分、简单句的基本句型---精讲精练
条件状语从句 条件状语从句是由引导词 if 以及unless等词引导的状语从句。在英文中，"条件"是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作)，其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生，通常译作"假如"、"如果"。注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态，祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则](主将从现中的"将"并非指将来时，还能够指表示将来含义的;条件状语从句中，从属连词之后的句子是该条件状语从句的从句)
引导条件状语从句的从属连词（短语） 1、unless 如果不，除非unless引导的从句中只能用肯定形式，unless引导的肯定条件状语从句可以转换成if引导的否定条件状语从句，即if … nt …。 Unless we try ur best, we wn’t succeed. = If we dn’t try ur best, we wn’t succeed. 如果我们不尽力，我们就不会成功。 2、if如果 所引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 If he practices it, his handwriting will certainly imprve. 如果他练习，他的书法一定会进步。 3、as lng as只要 所引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 Yu wn’t have t wrry abut the final exam, as lng as yu wrk hard. 只要你认真学习，你就不必担心期末考试。注意：当if、unless、as lng as引导条件状语从句时，主句和从句的时态采取“主将从现”原则。
if 引导的条件状语从句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。
用法：1. 如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。 If it rains（从句）， I will stay at hme. I’ll g with yu if yu dn’t want t g alne（从句）. 2.如果主句含有must, may, can 等情态动词，从句也要用一般现在时。 If yu drive t fast, yu may have an accident. Yu must stp if the traffic is red.3. 如果主句是祈使句，从句同样要用一般现在时。 Dn’t g and play ftball if yu dn’t finish yur hmewrk. Please call me if he cmes next Sunday.
4.表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/may/can) +动词） If yu finish yur hmewrk , yu can g ut and play. If I have enugh mney next year , I will g t travel .下列从句中的will不是将来时助动词，而是情态动词。翻译为“愿意”。  If yu will excuse me,I really must g t bed .如果你能原谅我的话，我真的要睡觉了。 If yu will wait a minute ,I’ll g and tell my mther that yu are here .       如果你愿意等一会的话，我去告诉我妈妈你来了。
【拓展】if也可引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，此时从句的时态不遵循上述规则。（详见P126宾语从句的讲解）。如：I dn't knw if she will cme tmrrw.我不知道明天她是否会来。
适当的时候可用否定形式。1.If yu g t the meeting tmrrw,he will , will have a ftball match if we dn't have any classes next Friday afternn.（have）
3.I'll help yu with yur English if I am free Kate wins （win） the game,we'll give her a surprise.5.—The students f Grade 9 have t take part in the PE test.—Yes, if yu want t pass it and be strnger,practice mre.
完成句子1. 如果你请求他，他会帮你的。 If yu ________him, he ______ ______yu2. 如果她早点儿起床，就有时间在家里吃早餐。 If she______ ____a little earlier, she’ll have time t eat breakfast at hme.3. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。 If yu______ the party ,yu_____ ____ a great time.4. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。 If it ____tmrrw, we _____ _____ fr a picnic.5. 如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语。 If yu ften _____ ____English sngs, yu____ _____ English.
will help
gets up
will have
listen t
will like
一般情况下，unless相当于if…nt，可以互换。注意当主句是一般将来时态时，从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：I wn’t let yu in unless yu shw me yur pass = I wn’t let yu in if yu dn’t shw me yur pass.如果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。
if 和 unless 用法
If it desn’t rain, I will/ may g t the z.
Unless it rains, I will / may g t the z.
unless=if… nt
误:Dn't cme in unless yu will be invited t.正:Dn't cme in unless yu're invited t.误:Unless he will cme, we wn't be able t g.正:Unless he cmes, we wn't be able t g.
I ______ (g) with yu if yu__________ (nt want) t g alne.2. Unless yu ______ (wrk) hard at math, yu ________ (nt be) better at it.
dn’t want
as/s lng as 表示条件，意思是“只要”。As lng as yu tell the truth，I’ll try t help yu.只要你告诉我实情，我会尽力帮助你。Yu may take this bk away s lng as yu return it n time.只要你按时归还，就可以把这本书拿走。I dn't care s/as lng as she lets me be with her sn.只要她让我和她儿子在一起，我不在乎。Yu can take my car as/s lng as yu drive carefully.你可以用我的汽车，只要你小心点儿开。Yu may use my dictinary as/s lng as yu dn't keep it t lng.只要使用时间不太长，你可以用我的词典。
“祈使句 + and (r)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。Hurry up, r yu’ll be late.
If yu dn’t hurry up, yu’ll be late.
将下面句子改成含有if的复合句Study hard and yu will pass the exam.
If yu study hard, yu will pass the exam.
Yu’d better travel arund Nanjing with a lcal tur guide ______ yu want t learn mre abut its culture. A. unless B. until C. althugh D. if 2. If there ______ n buying and selling f animals, there _____ n killing in the future. A. is; will be      B. will be; will be     C. is; is        D. will be; is
3. There are fewer and fewer tigers in India. The situatin will cntinue ____ humans stp hunting them fr their fur and bnes. A. if B. unless C. because D. since4. --Can Mr. King spare sme time fr the charity shw? --If he ______, he will try his best t make it. A. Will be invited B. is invited C. invites D. invited
5. --This is between yu and me. -- I prmise. I wn’t tell thers ___ yu say I can. A. unless B. r C. since D. and6. I’m waiting fr my friend. _______, I’ll g shpping alne.  A. If she cmes      B. If she wn’t cme     C. If she desn’t cme  D. If she will cme 
二、句子成分及五大基本句型
动作有具体的：He reads a bk.read 是动作，he 做这个动作，bk 接受这个动作。
动作也有抽象的：She lves me.lve 是动作，she 做这个动作，me 接受这个动作。
She speaks English.
I like music.
有的动作，只有发生者，没有接受者（宾语）。
I wrk.She sleeps.
Yu and I like her.
She likes yu and me.
【例1】指出下列句子中的主语、谓语或宾语。①Dream Clthes Stre has the cheapest clthes in the neighbrhd.________________________________________________________________②In all cities in Brazil, peple have a big party n New Year’s Eve, especially in Ri de Janeir.___________________________________________________________③Sme f the wrld’s mst famus musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans t celebrate the first annual Internatinal Jazz Day. ________________________________________________________________
主语：Dream Clthes Stre；谓语：has；宾语：clthes。
主语：peple；谓语：have；宾语：a party。
主语：musicians；谓语：gathered。
语法重点：作用： ____________________________构成：_________ ；__________； __________；位置：在__________之后
表语（用来表达内容的部分）
说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”
常见系动词：1.Be动词：am，is，are，was，were，being, been；2.感官动词：feel，lk，taste，smell，sund等；3.表变化动词：get，becme，turn，grw等；4.表延续动词：keep，stay，remain等。
【例2】① The music sunds. (改错) ____________________________________________________② 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。(汉译英)____________________________________________________
sunds后加上形容词，如gd，great等；
The fd tasted terrible.
A by likes a girl.
A rich by likes a pretty girl.
第二个句子给by和girl加了一个rich和pretty的
She is a wman f gd temper.
I like my beautiful huse.
语法重点：________________修饰：______________构成：__________ ;____________；_________；_________位置：位置______ (在__________的前后)原则：___________ 短：_________________ 长 : ________
These are his tw bks.
He is a famus Chinese singer.
He gave me a basket full f flwers.
【例3】指出下列句子中的定语。① What is yur first name? __________ ② On the third flr are Class 1 and Class 3. ________③ The man dwnstairs was trying t sleep. __________
yur 和 first
A by likes a girl very much.
第二个句子给动词like加上了一个 very much 的
句子中修饰动词的都是状语。
I kissed her yesterday.
I kissed her in my rm.
I will kiss her if she likes me.
I g hme t watch TV.
I wrk very hard.
I kiss her because I lve her.
I g t Beijing by plane.
I cme hme with my dg.
I like her thugh she is ugly.
【例4】指出下列句子中的状语。① There was a big smile n her face. ___________② Every night he heard the nise upstairs. ___________③ She lves the library because she lves bks. _____________________
every night
because she lves bks.
Yu make me.
Yu make me happy.
第二个句子通过增加的部分把句子意思
They painted the wall pink.
句子必要成分，否则句意不完整。
句中只做修饰，不影响句意表达。
A cat walks slwly n a pink wall.
【例5】指出下列句子中的补语。① His father named him David. _______② They painted their bat white. _______③ Yu make me happy. _______
She lves me.
This is fr yu.
主语+谓语+间宾+直宾
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
He gives her a present.
【例6】判断下列句子属于五种简单句中哪种句型结构。①He is tall and strng.___________________________________________________________②We must keep ur schl clean.___________________________________________________________③Mr. Jhnsn taught us German last year.___________________________________________________________④Li Ming wrks very hard.___________________________________________________________⑤She plans t travel in the cming May Day.___________________________________________________________
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
1.My yunger brther is smart and I have already taught him (he) sme range tastes gd (gd/well) music always makes me want (want) t dance.
语法专练( C )1.(20·凉山)—Let's g camping if it ________next Saturday.—But nbdy knws if it fine;rainsB.will be fine;rainsC.is fine;will rainD.will be fine;will rain
( B )2.(20·遂宁)—I wnder if Sally __________ us prepare fr the party.—I'm sure she will if she __________ ;will haveB.will help;hasC.will help;will haveD.helps;has
( D )3.(20·呼和浩特)If Tm __________ the film The Wandering Earth,he'll never frget the scene in which many peple make the hard jurney back t their B.see C.will see D.sees