人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters综合训练题

这是一份人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters综合训练题，共10页。试卷主要包含了 0， 【解析】选A， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Researchers have discvered that January’s huge quake in Haiti caused a tsunami. Alng with fur Haitian clleagues, Dr Hermann Fritz, a prfessr, travelled arund the cast f Haiti. He wanted t find ut what had happened befre the evidence disappeared frever. He had heard reprts and saw evidence that a wave up t 3-meter high had hit sme areas f the cast suth f the capital fllwing the quake near Prt au Prince. It had killed at least three peple and engulfed (吞没) buildings.
Dr Fritz presented sme f his findings at the Ocean Sciences meeting in Prtland, the US. “This was a relatively small event, ” he tld BBC News. “Mst f the deaths were due t the earthquake, but at least three victims we knw survived the earthquake and were hit by the wave. ”
These three victims were a father and his tw yung sns. They were standing clse t the shre in Petit Paradis, watching the wave instead f heading fr higher grund. Draw-back in the water level is a sign that a big wave is cming. “It clearly shwed a lack f tsunami educatin, ” Dr Fritz said. “It was pure luck that the wrng infrmatin did nt kill mre peple in this case. ”
Despite the great damage it caused, the Haiti earthquake was nt f the type r magnitude (级) usually assciated with tsunamis. It had a magnitude f 7. 0.
“Generally anything ver 7. 5 is cause fr cncern, ” explained Eddie Bernard, a tsunami researcher. “But anything between 7 and 7. 5 can cause smaller, lcal tsunamis. ”T cause a tsunami, it must happen under the sea.
“Anything that mves water generates a wave, ” said Dr Bernard. “And the deeper the event, the bigger the wave. ” Dr Fritz explained that the main causes f the Haitian tsunami were “lcal landslides”. “But there are fault lines in this regin that are in areas which are mre likely t cause a tsunami and, if yu have a much bigger landslide, yu culd have a much bigger wave, ” he said.
【语篇概述】本文是议论文。文章讨论了海地海啸引发的原因。研究人员发现这次海啸的主要原因是海底滑坡, 而不是地震。
1. What was Dr Fritz’ purpse by travelling arund the cast f Haiti?
A. T study the pwer f the wave.
B. T find ut the magnitude f the quake.
C. T check the damage t the casts.
D. T gather evidence abut the wave.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知Dr Fritz和他的同事们到海地海岸考察的目的是寻找地震引发海啸的证据。
2. The three peple wh died std clse t the shre in Petit Paradis because ______.
A. they didn’t see the signs f big waves
B. their attentin was fixed n the beautiful scenery
C. they didn’t knw it was time t run fr higher grund
D. they cared little abut the directin f the big wave
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段可知三名死难者缺乏海啸的常识, 他们不知道那时是该跑到高处去的时间。
3. What can be inferred frm the furth and fifth paragraphs?
A. The Haiti earthquake was t small t cause the tsunami.
B. Tsunami is usually caused by an earthquake ver 7. 0 magnitude.
C. The earthquake between 7. 0 and 7. 5 magnitude cannt cause tsunami.
D. The Haiti earthquake was nt related t the tsunami at all.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段一般认为7级以上的地震可能会引发海啸。这次海地地震的震级是7级, 它通常被认为不是引发了海啸的地震等级。但不能说这次地震太小。A项说法不正确。C、D两项表述也不对。
4. If the passage is taken frm a newspaper, which sectin shuld it be in?
A. Sprts. B. Science.
C. Business. D. Entertainment.
【解析】选B。文章出处题。本文是议论文。几位研究者通过对海地海啸原因的研究发现海地海啸主要是由海底滑坡而不是单纯由地震造成的。故本文属于科普类文章。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nw remember that I was a useless kid. 1 . When I gt ff the plane, there were all f these men in green unifrms and black bts and I was sure that Hitler was there.
2 . We lived in tw rms in Germany. We had n ht water. Yu had t make a fire under the water heater t take a bath nce a week. T wash clthes, yu had a big cpper pt that yu made a fire under and yu biled yur clthes. Then yu had t take them ut and wash them dwn in pls f cld water. It tk all day t d clthes. 3 .
We bught ur vegetables frm a vegetable man cming arund, and we bught milk frm a man wh wuld cme arund. 4 . I culd understand them really well. I culd walk thrugh the neighbrhd and they wuld talk abut this American persn, and I understd every wrd that they said but they didn’t knw it.
I liked the air frce life. We liked mving, meeting all f the peple, having the new experiences. 5 . It was never bring because we were always n a new adventure.
A. Life is rich
B. It was an interesting life
C. I learned sme German wrds
D. We still have friends there
E. It’s easy fr us t travel by plane nw and then
F. It was a seventeen-hur flight frm New Yrk t Germany
G. Jhn picked me up in a German Frd that nly went 35 miles an hur
【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己去国外居住、生活、学习以及游玩的一些经历。
1. 【解析】选F。由下文走下飞机时的见闻可知, 此处指乘坐飞机的情况, 选项F中信息“从纽约到德国有14小时的航程”, 选项F合适。
2. 【解析】选G。顺承上段作者下飞机的见闻, 结合下句居住在德国的两间屋子里可知, 离开机场, 到德国的一个地方, 能承上启下的选项G合适。
3. 【解析】选B。从本段描述的在德国居住、生活情况可知, 生活温馨、有趣, 此处总结本段内容, 故答案为B。
4. 【解析】选C。根据下句作者对德国人说的话的理解可知, 作者学到了一些德语, 选项C合适。
5. 【解析】选A。根据下文It was never bring because we were always n a new adventure. 可知生活并不是枯燥无味的, 生活是丰富多彩的, 故选A。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
Whatever misfrtune yu are faced with, just hld up yur head and face it with a smile! I gt t knw this frm a musical sul.
The ther day I was feeling quite 1 , having just been fired frm my jb. With s many 2 t pay, I was wndering what was ging t happen t my family.
I had just gt ff the bus 3 I heard pian music and singing rising abve the nise f the traffic. I walked a bit slwer, trying t find ut the 4 f the fascinating sund. Thrugh the passers-by I saw a yung lady sitting at a pian with a bx next t her.
She was singing sngs abut lve and her sweet vice tuched me a bit. Then I std there watching her playing, thinking that it must take 5 t perfrm n her wn in frnt f hundreds f peple she didn’t knw.
She might have felt my presence fr she ccasinally lked in my directin.
By nw I was telling myself that I culd 6 tell her hw gd she sunded. I walked ver and put sme mney in her bx and she expressed her thanks with a smile n her face.
I asked her 7 , “Why are yu playing the pian in the middle f this crwded place? ”
She explained t me that she sees s many 8 peple in the wrld that she is trying t relieve the pain by 9 mtivatinal(激励的) music.
Instead f cntinuing my way hme, I said t her, “I have been 10 a rugh time lately, but yu’ve made me hpeful again. ”
“I’m happy that I culd be 11 help t yu, ” she replied. “Why are yu s sad? ”
I tld her my stry and said, “I’m nt s 12 abut what t d. . . ”
“Yu see, here’s where the prblem lies, ” she respnded. “When yu were walking, yur head was dwn. ” She lked me in the eyes and went n, “Dn’t lk defeat, because 13 cmes in different ways and if yur head is dwn yu might never see it. Yu shuld 14 mre. . . lift yur head up. ”
Inspired by what she said, I did hld my head up and sn 15 the difficulties. S whenever in truble, just face it bravely and yu are sure t make it sner r later.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中记述了作者失去了工作, 生活拮据, 人生跌入谷底心情糟糕至极。作者偶遇一位弹琴卖唱的歌女, 她的所作所为所述激励了作者: 要昂起头, 勇敢地面对困难, 困难总会得到解决。
1. A. lnely B. upset C. relaxed D. sensitive
【解析】选B。根据空后having just been fired frm my jb可知, 作者被解雇心情肯定感到难过(upset)。
2. A. pricesB. feesC. finesD. bills
【解析】选D。根据下文a rugh time lately可知, 作者的日子过得很艰辛, 故此处表达的是, 有很多账单(bills)要还。
3. A. whenB. asC. whileD. afterwards
【解析】选A。句意: 我刚下公共汽车, 这时我听到了钢琴声。had (just) dne. . . when. . . , 意为“刚做完某事, 这时(突然)……”。when当……时候; 就在这时(突然)。
4. A. detailB. riginC. religinD. resurce
【解析】选B。作者放慢了步速去寻找这动听音乐的来源(rigin)。
5. A. patienceB. energy
C. curageD. technique
【解析】选C。根据常识, 在数百名陌生人面前弹奏和歌唱, 肯定需要勇气(curage)。
6. A. at n timeB. at least
C. at timesD. at mst
【解析】选B。根据下一句可知, 作者只是给这名女子一些钱并没有对她的歌唱进行赞扬。故此处应是作者在自责那时没有赞扬该女子的嗓音是多么甜美(我至少“at least”可以赞扬一下她的声音是多么甜美)。
7. A. equallyB. curiusly
C. rughlyD. seriusly
【解析】选B。根据常识和下句问话的内容, 此处作者应是很好奇地(curiusly)问她。
8. A. unattractiveB. unhealthy
C. unluckyD. unreliable
【解析】选C。根据空后that she is trying t relieve the pain可知, 此处应是她看到有很多不幸的(unlucky)人。
9. A. creatingB. explring
C. enjyingD. sharing
【解析】选D。此处应是她想通过分享(share)一些励志音乐以减轻那些不幸的人的痛苦。
10. A. getting thrughB. lking thrugh
C. ging thrughD. breaking thrugh
【解析】选C。作者听到她的音乐没有继续回家而是向她吐露心声(我近来日子过得“g thrugh”很艰辛, 但是你弹奏的音乐让我又充满了希望)。 get thrugh 通过, 到达, 做完, 接通电话, 度过, 熬过; lk thrugh 浏览, 温习, 看穿, 识破, 从……中显露; g thrugh经受, 仔细检查; break thrugh突破, 突围。故选C。
11. A. inB. beyndC. withD. f
【解析】选D。她很高兴她能对作者起到帮助作用。be f +抽象名词=be+adj. 。
12. A. sureB. ashamed
C. particularD. anxius
【解析】选A。根据空后abut what t d. . . 可知, 此处作者应是征求对方的意见(我不确定“sure”该怎么做)。
13. A. successB. pprtunity
C. assistanceD. happiness
【解析】选B。不要看失败, 机会(pprtunity)随时随地可能出现。如果你总是低头, 你可能看不到机会。
14. A. inspectB. smileC. perfrmD. struggle
【解析】选B。此处表达的是你应该微笑(smile)面对人生(微笑面对困难挫折)。
15. A. watched verB. came ver
C. tk verD. gt ver
【解析】选D。受她的话的激励, 我的确昂起了头, 我很快就战胜(get ver)了各种困难。
Ⅳ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·福州高一检测)
A brilliant, creative, and educated man with many experiences felt dwn after an accident, which 1. ______ (take) his legs and left arm. He feared he wuld spend the rest f his life 2. ______ (suffer) and wuld spend his life meaninglessly. But when he realized he still had his right hand and culd still write even thugh it was difficult, 3. idea came t his mind, “Why nt write t ther peple needing encuragement? ”
He wrte t the prisn ministry(牧师) abut writing letters t the prisners. The prisn minister replied, “It is acceptable, 4. ______ yur letters will nt 5. ______ (answer). ”
Filled 6. ______ excitement, the man knew he culd write his letters. He began sending ne-way messages f Gd’s lve, hpe, strength, and encuragement. He wrte twice a week, 7. ______ (share) his experience, sense f humr, ptimism, and faith.
It was difficult t write thse letters, 8. ______ (especial) withut hpe f a reply. One day he received a letter frm the prisn ministry. It was a shrt nte frm the fficer wh mnitred and checked the prisn mail.
The letter said, “Please write n the 9. ______ (gd) paper yu can affrd. Yur letters are passed frm each ther until they literally(逐字地) fall t 10. ______ (piece)! ”
【语篇概述】本文是记叙文, 讲述了一个残疾人用写信的方式鼓励监狱犯人的故事。
1. 【解析】tk。考查时态。根据文章内容可知, 此处应用一般过去时。
2. 【解析】suffering。考查固定搭配。spend. . . ding sth. , 花费……做某事, 故用suffering。
3. 【解析】an。考查冠词。idea发音以元音音素开头, 故用an。
4. 【解析】but。考查连词。此处表示转折。
5. 【解析】be answered。考查被动。此处表示你的信不会有人回复。
6. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。be filled with, 充满。
7. 【解析】sharing。考查非谓语动词。主语he与动词share之间是主谓关系, 故用动词-ing形式作状语。
8. 【解析】especially。考查副词。此处表示尤其是, 需要副词形式。
9. 【解析】best。考查最高级。句意: 请用你能负担得起的最好的纸书写。
10. 【解析】pieces。考查名词复数。句意: 你的信被犯人们传阅的太多, 都成了碎片了。
阅读理解
One Sunday, Nichlas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarlaf Muntain in Maine. In the early afternn, when he was planning t g hme, a fierce snwstrm swept int the area. Unable t see far, he accidentally turned ff the path. Befre he knew it, Nichlas was lst, all alne! He didn’t have fd, water, a phne, r ther supplies. He was getting clder by the minute.
Nichlas had n idea where he was. He tried nt t panic(惊慌). He thught abut all the survival shws he had watched n TV. It was time t put the tips he had learned t use.
He decided t stp skiing. The first thing he did was t find shelter frm the freezing wind and snw. If he didn’t, his bdy temperature wuld get very lw, which culd quickly kill him.
Using his skiing bard, Nichlas built a snw cave. He gathered a huge mass f snw and dug ut a hle in the middle. Then he piled branches n tp f himself, like a blanket, t stay as warm as he culd.
By that evening, Nichlas was really hungry. He ate snw and drank water frm a nearby stream s that his bdy wuldn’t lse t much water. Nt knwing hw much lnger he culd last, Nichlas did the nly thing he culd—he slept in his cave.
The next day, Nichlas went ut t lk fr help, but he culdn’t find anyne. He fllwed his tracks and returned t the snw cave, because withut shelter, he culd die that night. On Tuesday, Nichlas went ut t find help. He had walked fr abut a mile when a vlunteer searcher fund him. After tw days stuck in the snw, Nichlas was saved.
Nichlas might nt have survived this snwstrm had it nt been fr TV. He had ften watched Grylls’ survival shw Man Vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episde f Man Vs. Wild, Grylls is abandned in a wild area and has t find his way ut.
When Grylls heard abut Nichlas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nichlas had made it since he knew better than anyne hw hard Nichlas had t wrk t stay alive.
【语篇概述】本文是记叙文。Nichlas在滑雪时迷路, 随后他利用学到的野外生存知识坚持到最后成功地被救出。他在遇到危险时能做出正确的事情的这种行为令人印象深刻。
1. What happened t Nichlas ne Sunday afternn?
A. He gt lst.
B. He brke his skis.
C. He hurt his eyes.
D. He caught a cld.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Befre he knew it, Nichlas was lst”可知A项正确。
2. Hw did Nichlas keep himself warm?
A. He fund a shelter.
B. He kept n skiing.
C. He built a snw cave.
D. He lighted sme branches.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句可知Nichlas用滑雪板挖了一个雪洞来取暖。
3. On Tuesday, Nichlas______.
A. returned t his shelter safely
B. was saved by a searcher
C. gt stuck in the snw
D. stayed where he was
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句可知Nichlas得救了。
4. Nichlas left Grylls a very deep impressin because he______.
A. did the right things in the dangerus situatin
B. watched Grylls’ TV prgram regularly
C. created sme tips fr survival
D. was very hard-wrking
【解析】选A。推理判断题。Nichlas在滑雪时迷路, 后又利用学到的野外生存知识坚持到最后成功被救。Nichlas能在危险时刻做出正确的事情, 这给Grylls留下了深刻的印象。