人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world课后测评

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world课后测评，共9页。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A student is learning t speak British English. He wnders: Can I cmmunicate with Americans? Can they understand me? Learners f English ften ask: What are the differences between British and American English? Hw imprtant are these differences?
Certainly there are sme differences between British and American English. There are a few differences in grammar. Fr example, speakers f British English say “in hspital” and “Have yu a pen? ” Americans say “in the hspital”and “D yu have a pen? ”Prnunciatin is smetimes different. Americans usually sund theirs in wrds like “bird” and “hurt”. Speakers f British English d nt sund theirs in these wrds. There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vcabulary. Fr example, “clur” and “hnur” are British, “clr” and hnr” are American.
These differences in grammar, prnunciatin, spelling and vcabulary are nt imprtant, hwever. Fr the mst part, British and American English are the same language.
【语篇概述】文章讲述了美国英语和英国英语之间的差别主要在四个方面, 并说明了它们属于同一种语言, 说明这两国人在相互理解方面没有困难。
1. Accrding t this passage, a student wh is learning t speak American English might be afraid that ______.
A. British peple cannt understand him
B. American peple cannt understand him
C. the grammar is t hard fr him
D. the spelling is t hard fr him
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第一段He wnders: Can I cmmunicate with Americans? Can they understand me? 可知, 学英国英语的人会担心美国人能否听懂, 而学美国英语的人也担心英国人是否能听懂。
2. American English and British English are different in ______.
A. spelling B. prnunciatin
C. grammarD. all f the abve
【解析】选D。细节理解题。第二段There are a few differences in grammar. There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vcabulary. Prnunciatin is smetimes different. 这三句说明美国英语和英国英语在语法、拼写、词汇和发音方面都有差异, 故选D。
3. Mst ______say “D yu have a watch? ”
A. British pepleB. Americans
C. childrenD. teachers
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段Americans say “in the hspital” and “D yu have a pen? ”可知D yu have a watch? 是讲美国英语的人所说。故选B。
4. Accrding t this passage, British peple and Americans have ______difficulty in understanding each ther.
A. little B. much C. sme D. great
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一句Fr the mst part, British and American English are the same language. 可知, 这是一种语言, 那么这两国人在理解对方的语言方面没有困难。故选A。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Different Cultures
The cultures f the East and the West really distinguish each ther a lt. 1
The rigin f the eastern cultures is mainly frm tw cuntries: China and India. Bth f the tw cultures are develped by rivers—the Yellw River in China and the Hindu River in India. 2
When the tw mther rivers gave birth t the Eastern culture, anther famus culture was brught up n the Mesptamian Plain—the Mesptamian Civilizatin. This civilizatin later n develped int the cultures f Ancient Greece and Ancient Rme. 3 Like the Chinese culture, the Eurpean culture als crssed waters. When the British settled dwn in America, their culture went with them ver the Atlantic Ocean. S the American culture desn’t distinguish frm the Eurpean culture a lt.
4 Take the language system fr example. In the East, mst languages belng t the pictgraphic language while the Western languages are mstly based n the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference cunt as well. But what’s mre, due t the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the tw cultures seldm cmmunicate until recent centuries. S they grew up ttally in their wn ways with almst n-interference (干扰) frm the ther.
The differences are everywhere. 5 But different cultures make the wrld f the 21st century mre clrful. The cultural gap shuld nt be the bstacle (障碍) t the civilizatin f human being. It ught t be the mtivatin f ur ging farther.
A. Let us wrk tgether t keep a variety f culture.
B. One imprtant thing is t learn abut ther cultures.
C. And these tw are well-knwn as the base f the Eurpean culture.
D. At the same time, sme ther differences add t the cultural differences.
E. This is because the culture systems are tw separate systems n the whle.
F. They helped the tw cultures develp fr centuries and frm their wn styles.
G. They are bvius and affect peple’s ways f thinking and their views f the wrld.
【语篇概述】文章介绍东西方文化的起源和发展以及它们之间的差异。
1. 【解析】选E。根据上句提到The cultures f the East and the West really distinguish each ther a lt. 东西方文化彼此是有差异的, 故选E, 这是因为整体上是两个独立的文化体系。
2. 【解析】选F。根据上句Bth f the tw cultures are develped by rivers—the Yellw River in China and the Hindu River in India. 可知, 两种文化起源于中国的黄河和印度的印度河, 故选F, 数百年来它们帮助两种文化成长, 形成自己的风格。
3. 【解析】选C。根据上句提到This civilizatin later n develped int the cultures f Ancient Greece and Ancient Rme. 后来这种文化发展成为古代的希腊文化与古代的罗马文化, 故选C, 这两种文化是欧洲文化的基础。
4. 【解析】选D。根据下文提到Take the language system fr example. In the East, mst languages belng t the pictgraphic language while the Western languages are mstly based n the Latin system. 以语言系统为例, 在东方, 大部分语言属于象形语言, 而西方的语言以拉丁语为基础, 故选D, 与此同时, 其他一些差异增加了文化的差异。
5. 【解析】选G。根据上句提到The differences are everywhere. 这些不同到处都是, 可知选G, 它们是很明显的, 影响着人们的思考方式和对世界的看法。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
Reading invlves lking at symbls and expressing mentally the sunds and ideas they represent. Cncepts f reading have changed 1 ver the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attentin has been devted 2 the reading prcess. Althugh experts agree that reading 3 a cmplex rganizatin f higher mental functins, they 4 abut the exact nature f the prcess. Sme experts, wh regard language primarily as a cde using symbls t represent sunds, 5 reading as simply the decding(解码)f symbls int the sunds they stand fr.
These authrities argue 6 meaning must be taught independently f the reading prcess. Others maintain that reading is ttally related t thinking, and that a child wh prnunces sunds withut 7 their meaning is nt truly reading. The reader, accrding t sme, is nt just a persn with a theretical ability t read 8 ne wh actually reads.
Many adults, 9 they have the ability t read, have never read a whle bk. By sme experts they wuld nt be classified as 10 . By 11 mst certain and satisfactry definitin, reading is the 12 t unlck the sund-symbls cde f the language, t interpret meaning fr varius 13 , and at 14 levels f difficulty. 15 , reading is the understanding f ideas thrugh the use f symbls representing sunds and ideas.
【语篇概述】到底什么是阅读? 不同的人有不同的定义。本文就介绍了对阅读的定义问题。
1. A. specially B. greatly C. narrwly D. hardly
【解析】选B。句意: 几百年间, 阅读的概念有了很大的变化, 此处表示变化大, 故选B。
2. A. frB. inC. tD. n
【解析】选C。考查固定搭配, be devted t专注于。
3. A. invlvesB. fcusesC. tellsD. says
【解析】选A。句意: 阅读是一个涉及高级心理功能的复杂组织。此处表示阅读涉及的范围, 故选A。
4. A. thinkB. cmplainC. speakD. disagree
【解析】选D。此处与前面的“Althugh experts agree that”相对, 故用disagree。
5. A. viewB. lkC. thinkD. agree
【解析】选A。此处与前面的“regard language primarily as”并列, 语意相同, 故选view。
6. A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when
【解析】选B。此处考查宾语从句, 从句中不缺少成分, 故用that。
7. A. knwingB. makingC. dingD. hearing
【解析】选A。孩子读出来却不理解其含义这不是阅读。knw理解, 了解, 符合语境。
8. A. sB. rC. butD. and
【解析】选C。此处表示转折, 意为: 根据有些专家, 阅读者不是仅指具有理论阅读能力的人, 而是真正阅读的人。nt. . . but. . . 不是……而是……, 选C。
9. A. asB. ifC. butD. althugh
【解析】选D。句意: 很多成年人, 尽管有阅读能力, 但是从未读过一整本书。
10. A. teachersB. readersC. childrenD. authrities
【解析】选B。句意: 在某些专家那里, 这种人不能被分到阅读者的行列里。本文主要说的是阅读, 故选B。
11. A. aB. anC. theD. ne
【解析】选C。此处考查冠词的用法, 形容词最高级前面用the。
12. A. wayB. thughtC. abilityD. language
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。此处指阅读是一种能力。
13. A. purpsesB. degreesC. stagesD. steps
【解析】选A。和前面的fr搭配, 指为了不同的目的。
14. A. highB. lwC. allD. varius
【解析】选D。与前面的fr varius purpses并列, 故选D。
15. A. On the ther handB. In shrt
C. By the wayD. S far
【解析】选B。短语辨析题。此处意为: 简言之。
Ⅳ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Dragn Bat Festival has been marked by 1. __________ (eat) zngzi and racing dragn bats fr thusands f years. It falls n 2. __________ fifth day f the fifth mnth accrding t the Chinese lunar calendar in hnr f Qu Yuan,
3. __________ is said t have cmmitted suicide by drwning himself.
Qu was minister f the state f Chu 4. __________ (lie) in the present-day Hunan and Hubei prvinces during the Warring States perid. He was upright, lyal and 5. __________ (high) respected. Hwever, he was fired frm ffice due t his suggestin t fight against Qin in cperatin with ther states. During his stay in ther states, he wrte a number f 6. __________ (pem) t express his strng lve fr his cuntry. When Chu 7. __________ (defeat) by Qin, he realized what he culd d abut it was nthing. Qu jumped int Milu River n the fifth day f the fifth mnth.
After the 8. __________ (die) f Qu Yuan, peple f Chu went t Milu River t murn ver the great pet they lved s much. Peple threw eggs and rice wrapped in leaves 9. __________ the river t feed the fish t keep them away frm Qu Yuan. Nw the Dragn Bat Festival has becme a 10. __________ (traditin)festival fr the Chinese peple.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“龙舟节”也称“端午节”的来历。
1. 【解析】eating。考查固定搭配。by ding sth. 是固定搭配“通过做某事”, 故填eating。
2. 【解析】the。考查冠词。序数词前面用定冠词the, 表示“第几”, 故填the。
3. 【解析】wh。考查定语从句。此处Qu Yuan是先行词, 指人, 并在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语, 故填wh。
4. 【解析】lying。考查非谓语动词。此处Chu 和lie之间是主动关系, 用现在分词作后置定语, 故填lying。
5. 【解析】highly。考查副词。此处副词修饰动词, 故填highly。
6. 【解析】pems。考查名词复数。a number f后跟名词复数, 表示“许多, 大量的”, 故填pems。
7. 【解析】was defeated。考查时态和语态。此处主语Chu 和defeat之间是被动关系, 且指过去的事情, 所以句子用一般过去时的被动语态, 故填was defeated。
8. 【解析】death。考查名词。在定冠词the之后, 介词f之前需用名词形式, 故填death。
9. 【解析】int。考查固定搭配。thrw. . . int. . . 把……扔进……句意: 人们把鸡蛋和裹着叶子的米饭扔进河里喂鱼, 使它们远离屈原。故填int。
10. 【解析】traditinal。考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词, 故填traditinal。
阅读理解
As cmputers becme mre ppular in China, Chinese peple are increasingly relying n cmputer keybards t input Chinese characters. But if they use the cmputer t much, they may end up frgetting the exact strkes(笔画)f each Chinese character when writing n paper. Experts suggest peple, especially students, write by hand mre.
D yu write by hand mre r typing mre? In Beijing, students start using a cmputer as early as primary schl. And cmputer dependence is mre wide-spread amng university students. Almst all their assignments and essays are typed n a cmputer.
All the students interviewed say they usually use a cmputer. It’s faster and easier t crrect if using a cmputer. And that’s why cmputers are being applied mre and mre ften t mdern educatin. But when peple are taking stck in cmputers increasingly, prblems appear.
“When I’m writing with a pen, I find I ften can’t remember hw t write a character, thugh I feel I’m familiar with it. ”
“I’m nt in the md t write when faced with a pen and paper. ”
Many students dn’t feel this is smething t wrry abut. Nw that it’s mre cnvenient and efficient t write n a cmputer, why bther t handwrite?
Many educatrs think differently. Shi Liwei, the headmaster f a famus primary schl in the capital said “Chinese characters enjy bth practical and aesthetic(审美的)value. But thse characters typed with cmputer keybards nly maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty f the characters is lst. And handwriting cntains the writer’s emtin. Thrugh ne’s handwriting, peple can get t knw ne’s thinking and persnality. Beautiful writing will give peple a better first impressin f them. ”
T encurage students t handwrite mre, many primary schls in Beijing have made writing classes cmpulsry(必修的) and in universities, sme prfessrs are asking students t turn in their hmewrk and essays written by hand.
【语篇概述】文章针对用电脑打字好, 还是手写好这一问题展开了讨论。北京市的一些小学已经把写字列入必修课, 说明人们对写字开始重视了。
1. The students interviewed prefer t write using a cmputer mainly because ______.
A. they are usually asked t e-mail their hmewrk and essays
B. they can crrect the mistakes they make quickly and cnveniently
C. they find it nt easy t remember hw t write a character
D. cmputers have becme a trend and fashin in China
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知, 多数学生喜欢用电脑打字是因为速度快且容易修改。
2. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE f the advantages f handwriting?
A. Handwriting cntains the writer’s emtin.
B. Nice handwriting can impress peple well.
C. Thinking and persnality can be shwn in handwriting.
D. Chinese characters enjy nly aesthetic value.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第七段中最后三句可知书写的优点有“包含书写者的情感; 书写中可以体现思想和人格; 好的书写能给人好印象”。再根据第七段中第二句可知, 汉字既有实用价值又有审美价值。故D项错。
3. The underlined expressin “taking stck in”(Paragraph 3) prbably means .
A. getting bred withB. getting dependent n
C. becming crazy abutD. getting curius abut
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第四、五两段可知, 经常用电脑打字的人可能忘记了某些字是如何写的; 有时人还对纸和笔失去了兴趣。这说明这些人对电脑产生了依赖。故此短语意为“依赖; 依靠”。
4. We can draw the cnclusin frm the passage that ______.
A. mre and mre students will give up writing n a cmputer
B. writing by hand will give way t typing by cmputer ne day
C. mre and mre students will pay attentin t handwriting
D. the typing article better expresses ne’s emtin and quality
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 北京的一些小学把写字作为学生的必修课。这样, 会有更多的学生注意书写。而整篇文章主要围绕是手写好还是打字好这一问题来展开讨论的。