英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle练习

课时分层作业(四)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The scene moved him to compose(创作) a poem.

2．Everyone should keep the discipline(纪律) and you are no exception.

3．She was very depressed and pessimistic(悲观的) about the future.

4．Why does the media present such a negative(消极的) view of this splendid city?

5．He was examined(检查) again and then prescribed a different herbal medicine.

6．The new airport will facilitate(促进) the development of tourism.

7．I cannot give you rewards(奖励) for refusing to do what I called you to do.

8．He repeatedly(重复地) mispronounced words and slurred his speech.

9．Physical(身体的) activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness.

10．If your friend is being physically abused(虐待)，you might have noticed bruises and scars.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

(2021·江西临川一中检测)Pang Hui placed a few more pairs of chopsticks on the table for a family dinner，though she did not expect her big family of seven would use them as serving chopsticks.

Surprisingly，her 75­year­old father，who used to shrug off the idea of serving chopsticks，became a firm supporter this time，said Pang，40，from Beihai，a coastal city of South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Chinese people often share dishes，and diners use their own chopsticks to serve themselves food from the shared dishes，a tradition now being challenged by the outbreak of COVID­19.

“We feel a sense of crisis as well as the urge to desert our old habits when we see reports of family cluster infections，”Pang said，pointing to the reports of the virus spreading via droplets and close contact.

Local governments are helping to encourage a shift，too.On Feb.13，2020，local authorities of Beihai started a campaign promoting serving chopsticks and spoons，which will avoid cross­infection caused by the use of personal chopsticks.

Similar measures were also adopted in other cities like Beijing，Shanghai and Hangzhou.Taizhou in East China's Jiangsu Province even standardized the designs of serving chopsticks and spoons to help diners differentiate(区分)them from personal ones.

The practice of eating wild animals has been targeted by the government，which remains present in certain areas.China stopped the illegal trading and transportation of wild animals shortly after the outbreak.The move became a permanent ban on Feb.24，2020，when the country made a decision on thoroughly prohibiting the illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.

Li Bo，with the Hainan international center for wildlife protection，said wild animal consumption could lead to the faster extinction of particular species，damage the ecological balance and harm people's health.“The epidemic(流行病)could become a turning point in the effort to eliminate the bad habit，”Li said.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情让大家意识到传统的家庭用餐方式可导致病毒传播。另外，各地政府主张使用公筷，并且禁止食用、买卖或运输野生动物。

1．What can we learn about Pang Hui's family from the text?

A．There are usually more than seven people dining together.

B．They have started to use serving chopsticks at table.

C．Pang Hui's father opposes using serving chopsticks.

D．They don't know how to avoid being infected with the virus.

B　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容以及第二段中的“Surprisingly，her...supporter this time”可知，他们一家已经开始使用公筷，故选B。]

2．According to the text，what has been done by the government?

A．The tradition of sharing dishes has been abandoned.

B．Cross­infection has been prevented.

C．Eating wild animals has been forbidden.

D．Standard personal chopsticks have been adopted.

C　[细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知，政府已禁止食用野生动物，故选C。]

3．What does the underlined word“eliminate”in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Explain.　　　　　　 B．Discover.

C．Form. D．Remove.

D　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Li Bo...said wild animal consumption could lead to the faster extinction of particular species，damage the ecological balance and harm people's health”可知，Li Bo认为食用野生动物会加速某些物种的灭绝，破坏生态平衡以及损害人们的健康，希望通过这次疫情能禁止人们食用野生动物。由此可以推断出画线词所在句表示“这次流行病可能成为消除这个坏习惯的转折点”，故选D。]

4．What can be the best title for the text?

A．Serving Chopsticks Promoted

B．Ways to Help People Stay Healthy

C．The Outbreak of COVID­19 Leads to Changes

D．China Bans Trading in Wildlife

C　[标题归纳题。本文主要讲述新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情让大家意识到传统的家庭用餐方式可导致病毒传播。另外，各地政府主张使用公筷，并且禁止食用、买卖或运输野生动物。由此可知文章的主题就是新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情暴发带来的变化，故选C。]

B

(2021·河南省十所名校高三尖子生月考)The negative health effects of sleep shortages during the week can't be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions，according to a new study.

Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation(缺乏)can cause weight gain and increase other health risks，including diabetes.But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.

The research，published in Current Biology，ruins those hopes.Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period，participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption(代谢紊乱)that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term.While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep，those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.

“If there are benefits of catch­up sleep，they're gone when you go back to your routine.It's very short­lived，”said Kenneth Wright，who oversaw the research.“These health effects are long­term.It's kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health，but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice.I think sleep is in the early phase of where smoking used to be.”

Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep—cutting out the optional“sleep stealers”such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices.Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep due to child­care responsibilities or job schedules，they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。根据一项新的研究，马拉松式的周末睡眠无法改变一周中睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。

5．What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?

A．The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.

B．Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.

C．People's habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.

D．The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.

B　[细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Researchers have long known...diabetes.”可知，研究者在做新研究之前就已经知道缺乏规律的睡眠对健康造成的危害。]

6．Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to________．

A．call on smokers to completely abandon smoking

B．advise people to go to sleep when they want to smoke

C．show people have known the harm brought by smoking

D．show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation

D　[推理判断题。由第四段中的“It's very short­lived”和“It's kind of like...not a healthy lifestyle choice.”可知，肯尼斯·赖特提到吸烟是为了表明人们总有一天会注意到睡眠不足的不良影响。]

7．What does the underlined word“prioritize”in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Putting tasks in order of importance.

B．Getting more than enough of something to deposit it.

C．Cutting down something that is not necessary any more.

D．Treating something as being more important than others.

D　[词义猜测题。最后一段第一句出现破折号，后面内容是解释说明前面某词的含义。根据“cutting out the optional‘sleep stealers’such as watching television shows...”可知，停止“睡眠小偷”对睡眠的影响，即优先保证睡眠，那么prioritize意为“优先处理”。]

8．What can be the best title for the text?

A．Weekend catch­up sleep is a lie

B．Bad sleep habits are harmful to health

C．Smoking is not the worst thing to health

D．A new study has an unexpected discovery

A　[标题归纳题。本文是研究报告类文章，根据第一段中“according to a new study”可知，本段是主题段落，对应主题句意思就是：周末补觉是个谎言。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

How to Survive Being Stuck in a Lift

Being stuck in a lift，also known as an elevator，can sometimes be scary，especially if you are a fan of those kinds of movies which have a lot of elevator tragedies. You may think being stuck in an elevator in real life is not like in the movies.  1 

Remain calm and do not panic! You may have heard of this a lot of times and it is true that panicking will do you no good.   2 

Press each of the floor buttons one by one. Then，try the “doors open” button. If none of the buttons works，the lift is broken，and you need to let someone know about it.

See if your phone has any reception or Internet.   3   If you have Wi­Fi connection，contact a family member or friend. Don't forget to tell them what the address is of the building and possibly which elevator you are stuck in. If your phone is not available，the following tips can help you.

Look through the gap between the doors of the lift. If you can see light between the doors，the lift has stopped near a floor，and you should be able to shout for help and be released. Do not try to force the doors open yourself. If you can't see light between the doors，the lift has stopped between floors，and no one will be able to let you out if you scream for help. Look for an emergency telephone. If there is no telephone，press the alarm button repeatedly.   4 

  5  If you have waited for more than half an hour and nobody has come to get you out，shout and bang the inside walls of the lift. If no one is responding to you，then you'll have to accept that you will be in the lift overnight. If this happens，make yourself as comfortable as possible to save your energy. By morning，the building should be full again. You can try to get some help then.

A．It will cause you not to be able to think clearly.

B．Check the time.

C．Eventually，someone should hear you and you could get help.

D．Here are some tips to help you survive.

E．However，it is still a vital thing to know how to survive if it ever happens to you.

F．Use your watch.

G．If you do have reception，call emergency services.

【语篇解读】　如果你被困在电梯里，如何才能渡过难关？本文讲述了被困在电梯里时的五点注意事项。

1．E　[根据上句“你可能会认为在现实生活中被困在电梯里和电影里不一样。”以及下文的一些建议可知，知道如何生存是很重要的。分析选项可知E项(然而，如果发生在你身上，知道如何生存仍然是一件至关重要的事情。)符合题意，故选E。]

2．A　[根据上一句“确实恐慌对你没有好处。”可推断出，它会让你无法清晰地思考。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。]

3．G　[根据上句“看看你的手机是否有信号或网络。”以及下句“如果你有Wi­Fi连接，联系你的家人或朋友。”分析选项可知G项(如果你(的手机)有信号，请拨打紧急服务电话。)与前后两句意义一致。且有词(reception)的复现，故选G。]

4．C　[本段是说如果你没带手机，那就重复按报警按钮。由此可知，这样做的目的是让人听到你的声音那么你就会得到帮助。分析选项可知，C项(最终，应该有人听到你的声音并得到帮助。)符合题意，故选C。]

5．B　[根据下句“如果你已经等了半个多小时”，可知要看一下时间。分析选项可知B项(核实一下时间。)符合题意，故选B。]