高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature复习练习题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature复习练习题，共10页。
2.Ben was finally persuaded f the wisdm （智慧）f the decisin.
3.Fr the past three years he has been emplyed （雇用） as a firefighter.
4.His wrds had swed （播种） the seeds f suspicin in their minds.
5.Having cllected and evaluated （评估）the infrmatin, I help ther scientists t predict it.
6.Can wrk really bring such cntentment and fulfillment （满足感） t yur life?
7.Mre wmen are attaining （获得） psitins f pwer in public life in China.
8.I make it clear t him that I reject （拒绝） his prpsal.
9.A ftballer was accused f taking mney fr deliberately （故意地） nt scring gals s as t let the ther team win.
10.It is a truly delightful place, which lks the same as it must have dne 100 years ag with its winding streets and pretty cttages （乡村小屋）.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
1.I always find ways t deal with prblems and wrk tgether with her cperatively. seek slutins t
2.I’m ready t get a gd idea frm them, just as I hpe they will be ready t accept what I ffer them. take inspiratin frm
3.Dn’t think t yurself that they will supprt yu. take it fr granted
4.And yu must accustm yurself t feeling mre relaxed with peple when yu are with them. at ease
5.What will be included this year’s refrm f the EU’s telecm rules be cvered in
6.By reacting t changes quickly in the markets, small farmers can keep ne step ahead f the big guys. respnding t
7.Human life is regarded as part f nature and the nly way fr us t survive is t live harmniusly with nature. in harmny with
8.Tgether with the increase f tax rates came an increase in benefits. Alng with
9.Whatever rms yu might attach t yur huse f life, the secret f enjying life is t keep adding. add t
10.That is t say, gssip is satisfying because it gives peple a sense f belnging. In ther wrds
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1.他是如此聪明, 以至于他能回答这个问题。（s…that…）
He is s smart that he can answer this questin.
2.没有什么地方比在旅馆房间里学习更好的了。（否定词+比较级）
Nwhere is mre better than studying in the htel rm.
3.他们现在走进一条狭窄的小街, 刚才他们就是从这里走出来的。（“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句）
They nw entered int the narrw side street frm which they had emerged.
4.没有比在宾馆房间里更能突出这一点的地方了。（否定词+比较级）
Nwhere is this mre marked than in the htel rm.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
（2021河南新乡高二期中）
Hundreds f years ag there was a king f Sctland whse name was Rbert Bruce. The king f England was at war with him, and had led a great army int Sctland. Bruce led his peple in the defense f their cuntry.
Battle after battle he had fught with England. Six times Bruce had led his brave little army against his enemies. Six times his men had been beaten. At last the army f Sctland was entirely defeated, and the king was frced t hide in the wds and in lnely places amng the muntains.
One rainy day, Bruce lay in a cave, tired and felt sick at heart, ready t give up all hpe. It seemed that there was n use fr him t try t d anything mre.
As he lay thinking, he nticed a spider ver his head, getting ready t weave her web. He watched her as she wrked slwly and with great care. Six times she tried t thrw her in thread frm ne edge f the cave wall t anther. Six times her thread fell shrt.
“Pr thing!” said Bruce. “Yu, t, knw what it’s like t fail six times in a rw.”
But the spider did nt lse hpe. With still mre care, she was ready t try fr a seventh time. Rbert almst frgt his wn truble as he watched, fascinated. She swung herself ut n the slender thread. Wuld she fail again? N! The thread was carried safely t the cave all, and fastened there.
“Yes!” cried Bruce, “I, t, will try a seventh time!”
S he gt up and called his men tgether. He tld them his plans, and sent them ut with hpeful messages t cheer the discuraged peple. Sn there was an army f brave men arund him. A seventh battle was fught, and this time the King f England was frced t retreat back t his wn cuntry.
1.Hw did King Bruce feel after his army was beaten six times?
2.What des the underlined wrd “slender” in Paragraph 6 mean?
3.What encuraged King Bruce t fight again?
A.His pwerful army.
B.Peple’s service and supprt.
C.Aid frm neighbring cuntries.
D.The spider’s effrts t weave the web.
4.What can we learn frm the text?
A.Never give up.
B.Things f ne kind cme tgether.
C.As ne dr clses, anther dr pens.
D.All things in their being are gd fr smething.
答案：1.D
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了苏格兰的布鲁斯国王六战六败, 受到蜘蛛织网不放弃的启发, 第七次终于成功打败了英格兰国王的入侵, 保卫了自己国家的故事。
【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段“One rainy day, Bruce lay in a cave, tired and felt sick at heart, ready t give up all hpe. It seemed that there was n use fr him t try t d anything mre.”可知, 布鲁斯国王的军队被打败六次后, 他感到绝望。故选D项。
答案：2.B
解析：2.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】 根据第六段中“She swung herself ut n the slender thread. Wuld she fail again? N! The thread was carried safely t the cave all, and fastened there.”可知, 蜘蛛不畏惧失败, 用纤细的丝织网, 最终成功。所以画线词slender意为“细长的, 纤细的”。 故选B项。
答案：3.D
解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第六段中“Wuld she fail again? N! The thread was carried safely t the cave all, and fastened there.”以及第七段中“‘Yes!’ cried Bruce, ‘I, t, will try a seventh time!’”可知, 蜘蛛织网的努力促使布鲁斯国王再次参战。故选D项。
答案：4.A
解析：4.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段中“Six times Bruce had led his brave little army against his enemies. Six times his men had been beaten.”, 第七段“‘Yes!’ cried Bruce, ‘I, t, will try a seventh time!’”, 以及最后一段中“A seventh battle was fught, and this time the King f England was frced t retreat back t his wn cuntry.”可知, 文章通过讲述布鲁斯国王六战六败, 受到蜘蛛织网不放弃的启发, 第七次终于成功保卫了自己国家的故事, 告诉了我们“永不放弃”的道理。故选A项。
深度解析
词汇积累
defense n. 防御, 防护 weave vt. 编, 织 with great care非常小心 in a rw连续; 成一排 fasten t. 使固定; 扎牢 fascinated adj. 入迷的; 极感兴趣的
B
（2020河南新乡高二期中）
Mre than half f the ppulatin f the wrld’s wild tiger is threatened by rads built dangerusly clse t their habitats, and giant prjects planned acrss Asia culd put tigers at even greater risk.
Tigers’ habitats have reduced by 40% since 2006, leaving fewer than 4,000 f the animals in the wild. Thse living near rads are particularly attacked because they are at risk f being hit by vehicles, have mre difficulties finding fd, and are easier t be killed. Using a glbal dataset, Neil Carter at the University f Michigan and his clleagues calculated that the tiger’s current range, which mstly distributed in suth and sutheast Asia, cntains 134,000 kilmetres f rads. They estimated that 57% f tigers live within 5 kilmetres f these rads, which is cnsidered dangerusly clse.
This clse t rads culd be decreasing the wrld’s tiger ppulatin by mre than 20%, the researchers’ mdelling suggests. Nearly 24,000 kilmetres f new rads are planned fr cnstructin within the tiger’s range by 2050, which will make it even harder fr the animals t avid these risks.
“New rads culd be made mre tiger-friendly by building them away frm key tiger ppulatins, banning vernight traffic, installing rad signs t warn drivers f the presence f tigers, and building tiger-friendly crssings s that wild animals can safely crss frests n bth sides f the rad,” says Carter. These have been built n rads and highways in Malaysia.
In 2010, all 13 cuntries with wild tiger ppulatins cmmitted t a plan t duble the tiger ppulatin by 2022. By 2016, research suggested that the ppulatin f the glbal wild tiger stpped declining and had increased. “Building tiger-friendly rads will be crucial t reaching this gal,” says Carter.
5.What des Paragraph 2 mainly shw?
A.Tigers are endangered species.
B.Tigers are t lazy t g arund.
C.Tigers’ habitats have been threatened.
D.The ppulatin f the wrld’s wild tiger has decreased a lt.
6.What’s Carter’s suggestin abut increasing the ppulatin f the tigers?
A.Building fewer new rads.
B.Building prtectin areas fr tigers.
C.Building special rads fr tigers t g thrugh.
D.Imprving the living cnditins f tigers.
7.What attitude des Carter have twards the future f tigers?
8.What is the main idea f the text?
A.Hw t prtect tigers.
B.Hw t build tiger-friendly rads.
C.The ppulatin f the wild tiger will increase.
D.Rad-building threatens the tigers’ habitats.
答案：5.C
解析：5.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了道路修建威胁到了老虎的栖息地这一现象。研究人员建议修建专门的道路供老虎通过, 减少危险。
【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第二段中“Tigers’ habitats have reduced by 40% since 2006, leaving fewer than 4,000 f the animals in the wild. Thse living near rads are particularly attacked because they are at risk f being hit by vehicles, have mre difficulties finding fd, and are easier t be killed.”可知, 本段主要说明了老虎的栖息地已经受到了威胁。
故选C项。
答案：6.C
解析：6.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中“‘…and building tiger-friendly crssings s that wild animals can safely crss frests n bth sides f the rad’”可知, Carter建议修建专门的道路供老虎通过。故选C项。
答案：7.B
解析：7.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段中“By 2016, research suggested that the ppulatin f the glbal wild tiger stpped declining and had increased. ‘Building tiger-friendly rads will be crucial t reaching this gal,’ says Carter.”可知, Carter对老虎的未来持乐观的态度。故选B项。
答案：8.D
解析：8.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】通读全文, 特别是根据第一段“Mre than half f the ppulatin f the wrld’s wild tiger are threatened by rads built dangerusly clse t their habitats, and giant prjects planned acrss Asia culd put tigers at even greater risk.”可知, 本文主要介绍了道路修建威胁到了老虎的栖息地。故选D项。
深度解析
词汇积累
threaten vt. 威胁; 恐吓 clse t靠近 at risk f 冒着……的风险 distribute vt. 分配; 散布 decrease v. 减少, 减小, 降低 ban v. 禁止, 取缔
长难句分析
Tigers’habitats have reduced by 40% since 2006，leaving fewer than 4 ,000 f the animals in the wild. 自2006年以来, 老虎的栖息地已经减少了40% , 只剩下不到4, 000只野生动物。
分析: leaving现在分词短语作结果状语。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
（2020河南高二月考）
Giant pandas are seen as living prf 1 cnservatin wrks, the numbers f which in the wild are recvering after years f decline.
The distinctive black and white bear 2 （regard）as an “umbrella species”. That means prtecting the muntain frests 3 they live has been gd fr many ther animals, including birds and small animals that mainly feed n meat.
Yet, accrding t a new study published in the jurnal Nature Eclgy Evlutin, it’s a 4 （cmplete）different stry fr larger predatrs（食肉动物） such as lepards and wlves. Asian wild dgs have disappeared frm 95% f areas set up 5 （prtect） pandas in the 1960s. Lepards, wlves and snw lepards have als been fund much 6 （few） than befre. Scientists in China say these fur predatrs are being driven 7 near extinctin by illegal hunting and destructin f 8 （they） habitats.
Cnservatin effrts have ften been based n prtecting specific species such as the panda. But experts argue fr a new apprach that 9 （aim） t prtect whle ecsystems, rather than fcusing n a single species. Thus, the 10 （disappear）f larger predatrs will hpefully slw dwn.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.that
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。在大熊猫这一珍贵物种的保护颇有成效时, 大型食肉动物也在濒临灭绝。对于这一现象, 专家们主张采用一种新的方法来保护整个生态系统, 而不是只关注单一的物种。
考查同位语从句连接词。空处引导同位语从句解释说明prf, 从句句意完整, 成分齐全, 应该用that引导同位语从句。故填that。
答案：2.is regarded
解析：2.考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子成分可知, 空处为本句的谓语。regard与bear之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 故用被动语态。主语bear是单数形式, 根据语境可知, 应用一般现在时。故填is regarded。
答案：3.where
解析：3.考查定语从句。本句中, 先行词是frests, 作定语从句的地点状语, 用where引导。故填where。
答案：4.cmpletely
解析：4.考查副词。空处修饰形容词different, 用副词形式。故填cmpletely。
答案：5.t prtect
解析：5.考查动词不定式。此处用动词不定式t prtect作areas的过去分词后置定语set up的目的状语。故填t prtect。
答案：6.fewer
解析：6.考查形容词比较级。根据than可知, 此处应该用比较级, 且much修饰比较级。故填fewer。
答案：7.t
解析：7.考查介词。be driven t为固定搭配, 意为“被迫……”。t为介词, 与其后名词构成介宾结构。故填t。
答案：8.their
解析：8.考查形容词性物主代词。空处放在名词habitat前, 用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
答案：9.aims/is aimed
解析：9.考查主谓一致和固定短语。此句中包含定语从句, 先行词为apprach, 作定语从句的主语。主语为单数形式, 根据主谓一致原则, 谓语动词用第三人称单数aims。aim t d sth. 意为“旨在做某事”。也可以写成be aimed t t。故填aims/is aimed。
答案：10.disappearance
解析：10.考查名词。分析句子成分可知, 空处为句子的主语, 应该用disappear对应的名词disappearance, 为不可数名词。故填disappearance。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
（2020江西赣州月考）
假设你是李华, 校学生会主席, 想邀请外教Henry先生一起参加学校举办的中秋节晚会。请用英语给他写封邮件, 内容包括：
1. 介绍写邮件的目的;
2. 晚会的时间和地点：9月30日晚6点、学校报告厅;
3. 晚会内容：同学们表演节目、吃月饼和赏月。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Henry,
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：写作指导
答案：高分范文
Dear Mr. Henry,
I’m Li Hua, Chairman f Students’ Unin. With the Mid-Autumn Festival arund the crner, we will hld a party t celebrate the traditinal Chinese festival. It’s a great hnur fr me, n behalf f my fellw unin members, t invite yu t attend ur party.
The party will be held at the lecture hall f ur schl at 6 p. m. n Sept. 30th. At the party there will be a lt f perfrmances and we will enjy a variety f delicius fds, including mncakes, watermelns, grapes and s n, while admiring the fullest and rundest mn.
We can’t wait t see yu!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
高级短语及句式
1. It’s a great hnur fr… 对……来说是很大的荣誉;2. n behalf f 代表;3. get tgether 聚会;4. traditinal Chinese festival 中国传统节日
5. With the Mid-Autumn Festival arund the crner, we will hld a party t celebrate the traditinal Chinese festival. 随着中秋节的临近, 我们将举办一个晚会来庆祝中国的传统节日。
6. It’s a great hnur fr me, n behalf f my fellw unin members, t invite yu t attend ur party. 我很荣幸代表学生会其他成员邀请你来参加我们的晚会。in harmny with, seek slutins t, take…fr granted, be cvered in, take inspiratin frm, in ther wrds, at ease, respnd t, add t, alng with
体裁
应用文——邀请信
时态
一般现在时和一般将来时
人称
第一人称
要点
1. 介绍写邮件的目的;
2. 晚会的时间和地点:9月30日晚6点、学校报告厅;
3. 晚会内容: 同学们表演节目、吃月饼和赏月。