2022高考名词性从句课件PPT

这是一份2022高考名词性从句课件PPT，共50页。PPT课件主要包含了考情分析，句型识别，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，同位语，同位语从句，知识梳理，考点一主语从句，that等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.考纲解读（1）掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，了解that与what，if与whether的区别。（2）区分that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的用法；掌握wh-与wh-ever类连接词引导名词性从句的用法。2015-2019年名词性从句考点分布2.命题趋势 名词性从句的考查点主要集中在宾语从句上；引导词的选择与判断，其中what与that是考查的重点。
在下列句子末尾标出从句类型：1.We wndered why he was s hungry. ____________2.It is certain that he will cme. ____________3.The prblem is whether the meeting will be held. ____________4.What makes this shp different is its persnal service. ____________5.We thught it gd news that the fg had finally gne. ____________小结：在复合句中充当______（填词性）作用的从句，它在句中可充当______、______、______、______（成分）。名词性从句包括____________、___________、_____________、_____________。
在句中起主语作用的从句成为主语从句。引导主语从句的连词主要有三类：从属连词that,whether,if;连接代词what,wh,whse,whatever,whichever,whever等；连接副词when,whnere,why,hw.
（1）that引导的主语从句
that引导的从句作主语时，that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，通常不能省去，且常用it作形式主语。e.g.: That the cllege will take in mre new students is true.=It is true that the cllege will take in mre new students.这所大学将招收更多的新生是真的。练习1：Hw strange it is ______ the students are s quiet in the classrm！
（2）whether/if引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾；if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面要用it作形式主语。whether/if起连接作用，意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分。练习2：__________ we will g there tmrrw depends n the weather.我们明天是否会去那里取决于天气。练习3：It's dubtful __________ this painting is a Picass.这幅画是否是毕加索画的还无法确定。
whether\if
（3）wh-类连接代词引导的主语从句
引导主语从句的wh-类连接代词包括：wh，whse，which，what，whever，whmever，whichever，whatever等。连接代词引导主语从句时，在句中既起连接作用，又在从句中作主语，宾语、表语或定语。练习4：It is unclear _________ car is the mst expensive.练习5：_________ gets there first will get the prize.练习6：_________ makes New Zealand’s university stand ut is their abilities t prvide highened educatin.
（4）连接副词引导的主语从句
引导主语从句的连接副词包括when，where，hw，why。连接副词除了在句中起连接作用外，还在从句中作状语。练习7：_________ I will spend my summer vacatin is still uncertain.练习8：_________ the medicine reduces and relieves pain is still unclear.注意：（1）It+be+n./adj.+主语从句。在“It is necessary/imprtant/strange+that从句”中，从句的谓语动词常用“shuld+动词原形”，且shuld可以省略。练习9：______ is clear that persistent effrts always bring reward.
（2）It+be+v.-ed+that从句。say，reprt，think，believe，hpe，expect，agree，accept，decide，intend，plan，understand，knw，demand，request，require，rder，suggest，advise，recmmend等动词的过去分词常用于此句型。
练习11：It ____________(reprt) that anther satellte has been in rbit (轨道) .练习12：_______ is believed that Beijing pera gradually came int being after 1790 when the fur famus Anhui pera trupes（班子）came t Beijing.人们认为京剧是在1790年著名的四大微班来到北京后逐渐形成的。练习13：It is suggested that the patient______________（treat）at nce.建议立刻给病人动手术。
(shuld) be treated
（3）It makes n difference/desn't matter+主语从句。
e.g.: It makes n difference t me whether yu g r nt.你去不去对我来说无所谓。
（4）从句作主语时，句子谓语动词的单复数问题。
①从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。练习14：That they are nt ging t the cinema _____ a big surprise t us.②what 引导的从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数；若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词常用复数。练习15：What she said _____ wrng.练习16：What we need _____ bks.
要做对考查主语从句的题要从以下方面着手：1. 看主语从句里缺少什么成分就补什么成分，如不缺少成分用that，whether，if（that无意义，whether/if可译为“是否”）；缺少主语、宾语、表语，常用what，wh，which，whm等；缺少地点状语用where，缺少时间状语用when，缺少原因状语用why，缺少方式状语用hw等，即要看从句的意思是否完整，根据”缺哈补哈，哈都不缺用that”的原则选用连词。2. 巧记主语从句的用法：整句作主语，其后单谓语。莫忘加连词，that不略但无义。“是否“前置用whether，其他连词靠翻译。主语从句可后置，只需形式主语it把它替。
在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词后的宾语从句，介词后的宾语从句，形容词后的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词that，whether，if等；连接代词what，wh，whse，which，whatever，whichever，whever 等；连接副词when，where，hw，why，whenever，wherever等。
（1）宾语从句的连接词
练习1：He tld me __________ he wuld g t cllege.练习2：Jenny asked me __________ I had returned the bike t its wner.练习3：Bill wanted t knw __________ did this.练习4：He didn't tell me __________ we wuld meet.练习5：Culd yu shw me ________ I can get t the z？
（2）动词后接宾语从句的用法
①大多数及物动词及动词短语后可接宾语从句练习6：We shuld keep in mind________there aren’t any shrt cuts t learning.练习7：Frm them, the West learns________is uniquely Chinese, fr example, feng shui.练习8：When I walked n the street, I wanted t say_______clean the streets were.②动词后接宾语从句的特殊用法： that从句（用于否定句或疑问句）1. dubt whether/if从句（用于肯定句）练习9：I dn’t dubt_______the plan is practical, but I dubt________ he will stick with the plan until it’s finished.
2. demand/rder/suggest/advise/insist/request/cmmand+that从句[(shuld）d]练习10：The teacher suggested that we ____________(clean) the blackbard after class.练习11：The bss rdered that the task____________（cmplete）by +it（形式宾语）+宾补+that从句练习12：I think ________ necessary that we think drink plenty f biled n/rely n+it+从句练习13：I hate ________ when they talk with their muths full f fd.
(shuld) clean
(shuld) be cmpleted
（3）介词后接宾语从句的用法
①一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。练习14：He'll talk t us abut ________ happened in the classrm.练习15： Cntrary t________ many peple think，HIV cannt be transmitted thrugh msquites, cughs r sneezes.
（4）形容词后接宾语从句的用法
①表示情感或态度的形容词（如：afraid，certain，glad，pleased，sure，surprised，srry，happy等）后可接宾语从句。练习16：I'm very pleased ________ all f yur family will cme.我很高兴你们全家都会来。②sure后宾语从句的连接词 that，whether，if的选择。当be sure用于肯定句或疑问句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用that；当be sure用于否定句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if。练习17：Are yu sure ________ I wn't bther yu if I sit beside yu?练习18：I am nt sure ________ I shuld write t him r nt.我不确定要不要给他写信。
在句子中作表语的从句称为表语从句。引导表语从句的连接词主要有：从属连词that，whether；连接代词wh，whm，whse，which，what，whever，whmever，whichever，whatever等；连接副词when，where，why，hw，whenever，wherever等。此外，表语从句还可用because 和as if/as thugh等引导。
（1）表语从句的特殊连接词
① that/what。that引导表语从句时，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，没有任何意义，通常不可省略；what 引导表语从句时既起连接作用，又作从句的句子成分。练习1：Our plan is ________ we’ll g there nce a week.练习2：That's ________ he said.练习3：The chices yu make can tell smething abut yur inner thughts. At least，that's ________science has prved.② whether。引导表语从句时，一般只能用whether而不能用if。练习4：The questin is ________ they have signed the cntract.③ as if/as thugh。as if/as thugh意为“好像，仿佛”，其引导的表语从句常位于系动词（如seem，appear，lk，taste，sund，feel，smell等）之后。练习5：I felt ________ we had knwn each ther fr years.练习6：she lks ________ she has been wrking had fr a lng time.
（2）表语从句的三个易混句式
练习7：That's ________ I want yu t wrk there.练习8：It's just ________ he desn't knw her.练习9：The reasn ________ he didn't cme was ________ it was raining heavily.
1.对表语从句的考查通常以引导词的选择为主，所以正确分析表语从句的结构相当重要。先确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，如果完整就用that，且that通常不能省略；如果不完整，确定所缺成分，然后结合句意确定答案。2.主语为名词reasn，表语从句用that 而不用why引导。
在句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea，truth，hpe，prblem，infmatin，belief，thught，dubt，prmise，questin等名词的后面，对名词作进一步的解释。引导同位语从句的词有that，which，what，whether，hw，when，where等。
（1）同位语从句的连接词
练习1：The news ________ I have passed the exam is true.练习2：The questin ________ he will jin us is very imprtant.练习3：The questin ________ shuld d the wrk is being discussed at the meeting.练习4：I have n idea ________ I shuld chse.
what\which ne
（2）有时主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”，常常将谓语部分提到从句前面，形成分隔式同位语从句。练习5：My wish will cme true ne day ________ I shuld buy a big huse fr my parents.
解答考查同位语从句的题目时，一定要先找出从句解释说明的那个名词，然后根据从句的意思和从句的结构判断从句所缺的引导词：1.从句意思和成分都完整就用that引导，此时要注意that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别。2.从句成分完整，但意思不完整，表示“是否“之意时用whether，切记此时不能用if代替whether。3.从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则应用连接代词。根据句子所要表达的意思进一步选择用哪一个连接代词。4.从句缺少地点状语、时间状语、方式状语或原因状语时，则分别用连接副词where，when，hw，why。
辨析1：同位语从句和定语从句（1）同位语从句既“说明、解释“前面的名词，又“等同于” 前面的名词；定语从句 “修饰、限定“先行词，“关系词“替代先行词，在从句中充当成分。（2）定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时又在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语或表语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
练习1：指出下列从句类型并翻译。1. We are delighted at the news that we are ging t spend ur summer vacatin in Hainan.2. Neither f us shwed any interest in the news that Jhn tld us yesterday.3. The news that he gave it up surprised us.4. The news that he tld me surprised me.5. I have n idea when we will mve int the new huse.6. I still remember the day when I first came t Beijing.
辨析2：that与what引导名词性从句的区别that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，意思是”什么，……的事情，什么样的"。练习2：________ he failed in the test again really puzzled us.练习3：These phtgraphs will shw yu ________ur village lks like.
辨析3：wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别连接词what，which，wh分别表示”……的东西或事情””哪一个“"谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whever分别相当于anything that，any.…that，anyne wh，意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。练习4：翻译下列句子①What yu chse t wear shuld be clean.②Whatever yu chse t wear shuld be clean. 练习5：________ will cme t help with my Eaglish hasn’t been decided.练习6：________ attend the cmpetitin will be awarded.
辨析4：wh-ever与n matter wh-的区别wh-ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句，而n matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。练习7：I will give this dictinary t ________ wins the first prize in the English cntest.练习8：________________ wins the first prize in the English cntest, I will give this dictinary t him.
Whever\N matter wh
辨析5：引导名词性从句用whether 而不用if的情况whether/if引导宾语从句，表示“是否“时，一般情况下可互换；引导名词性从句时，用whether而不用if的情况如下：
练习9：Can yu tell me ________ t g r t stay？练习10：We haven't setled the questin f _________its necessary fr him t study abrad.
辨析6：that通常不可省略的情况
1. (2019全国卷Ⅰ) While they are rare nrth f 880, there is evidence ________ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.2. (2018全国卷) I’m nt sure ________ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.3. (2016全国卷Ⅰ)（改错）My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.4. (2015全国卷Ⅱ) As natural architects, the Puebl Indians figured ut exactly________thick 5. (2015全国卷Ⅱ) （改错）After lks at the ty fr sme time, he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
语法填空：1. His favrite fd is fried snacks and sft drinks. It is n surprise _______lsing weight is just his dream.2. Recently, a new research has suggested the pssibility in a ppular magazine _______ pleasant smells might reduce pain.3. Thrugh the prcess f cmparisn，it might be easier fr us t understand _______imprtant belief really is.4. With an ptimistic attitude and a stng will, we can vercme _______difficulties we might meet with and achieve ur gals.5. Earthquakes wrry peple a lt. The reasn is_______we ften d nt knw when they are cming. Peple can nt prepare fr it.
6. The difficulty lies in _______ they will cme t ur help immediately.7. They wuld appreciate it, t be frank, _______ the gds culd be delivered as sn as pssible.8. _______ is expected t happen that small autmated buses culd make a difference when present human-perated transprt has prved inefficient.9. It turns ut that lking attractive in phts isn't easy due t _______ the researchers are calling the“frzen face effect”.10. It is bvius _______ the lcal gvernment can d t prtect the envirnment fr future generatins.
1. When I went t the kitchen t get my breakfast, I was astnished at which I saw.2. I was in such a hurry that I paid n attentin t if the milk was ht r nt.3. Frm this experience, I am fully aware that we shuld take real actin if ur persnality that needs imprving.4. But they culdn't understand what she said. I went t the wman and asked her that was happening.5. Tday, English is which my strength lies. And I'm grateful t my English teacher.
6. The first reasn why I cnsider him as my best friend is because he has a very warm persnality.7. One f the biggest cultural differences I nticed while in Lndn was why the peple f Lndn cnducted themselves.8. It is cheerful what the lcal authrities have prmised them t shrten the time f btaining it.9. I'm writing t tell yu hw is ging n in ur schl-a baskebal match t be held next mnth.10. We shuld make full use f time t d that shuld be dne.