2022年人教版六年级小升初英语语法--句法合集学案

这是一份2022年人教版六年级小升初英语语法--句法合集学案，共4页。
1、陈述句
说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语＋谓语＋其他
1）肯定陈述句 We all like pandas very much.
2）否定陈述句 He desn‟t d husewrk at weekends
3）肯定陈述句改否定陈述句
①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加nt。
Mary was at schl yesterday. —> Mary was nt at schl yesterday.
I can make a mdel plane. —>I can nt make a mdel plane.
②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式（dn’t，desn’t，didn’t），后面跟动词的原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>He desn‟t like drawing pictures.
I went t the park yesterday. —>I didn‟t g t the park yesterday.
4）陈述句改一般疑问句
①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。
Mary was at schl yesterday. —> Was Mary at schl yesterday?
I can make a mdel plane. —> Can yu make a mdel plane?
②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>Des he like drawing pictures.
I went t the park yesterday. —>Did yu g t the park yesterday?
2、疑问句
用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。
1）一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或n来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。
—Is Mr Green frm the UK? —Yes，he is. / N，he isn‟t.
—D yu have any hbbies? —Yes，I d. / N，I dn‟t.
—Can yu play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / N，I can‟t.
2）特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或n来回答。
—Hw d yu g
t wrk every day? —I g t wrk by car.
3）选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用r连接。
—Wuld yu like sme tea r cffee?
—Sme cffee, please.
4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。
—It‟s a fine day, isn‟t it?
— Yes ,it is.
3、祈使句
表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。
1）用于第二人称，通常省略yu。
①肯定祈使句：Open the dr, please.
②否定祈使句：Dn‟t be late again.
2）用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let（let后跟宾格）或shall开头。
Let me have a lk.
Let‟s play a game nw.
Let him g hme nw.
Shall we meet at ne thirty in frnt f the Garden Theatre?
4、感叹句
表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情，句尾常用感叹号（!），语气用降调。
1）what + 名词或名词性短语
What a big garden (it is)!
What an interesting strybk (it is) !
What lvely weather (it is)! What pretty girls (they are)!
2）hw +形容词或副词＋主语＋动词
Hw nice!
Hw beautiful the flwers are!
Hw tall Ya Ming is!
5、there be 句型
表示在某地有某人或某物。
1）主语是单数，be动词用is(was)；主语是复数，be动词用are(were)。
There is sme milk in the fridge.
There are sme peaches in the basket.
2）如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在，be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。
There is a ruler and five knives in the pencil case.
There are five knives and a ruler in the pencil case.
3）there be句型和have/has区别：
there be句型表示某地有某人或某物；
have/has表示某人有某物。
has用于第三人称单数，其余人称和数用have。
There are sme English bks n the desk.
I have sme English bks.