高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Reading导学案及答案

这是一份高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Reading导学案及答案，共7页。
2021-2022学年新牛津版高中英语选择性必修二：Unit 1 The mass media  Reading 单词详解1．critical  adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的(2)1)批判的;吹毛求疵的 Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting everything they are told without questioning鼓励学生们养成批判性思维而不是毫无置疑地接受被告诉的一切。2)重大的;严重的;关键的 The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical.术后24小时是最关键的。These talks are critical to the future of the peace process.这些谈判对和平进程的前景至关要。 短语： be critical about  对...挑剔        be critical to     对...关键        be critical of     对...批判拓展：n.  criticism批评;批判;指责(反 praise);评论    literary criticism文学评论 n.  critic 评论家，批评家v.  criticize1) 批评;批判;指责(反 praise )She does nothing but criticize and complain all the time.她什么也不做，只是一味指责和抱怨criticize sb for She is always criticizing her friends for being selfish.她总是批评朋友自私。2）评价，评论He criticized the American film favorably. 他对那部美国电影给予了好评。 2．trap  vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 (2)vt.  1)把...困住，使陷入困境Having been trapped in traffic, he was late for work因为交通堵塞，他上班迟到了。2)设陷阱捕捉，夹住，卡住  It’s cruel to trap birds.捕鸟是残忍的。I trapped my coat in the car door. 我的外衣被车门夹住了。3)留存，储存（气/水等）Because of the greenhouse effect the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.由于温室效应，储存在大气层中的气体使地球変暖。 短语： be trapped by  被...困住        trap sb into doing sth 使陷入圈套n.  陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼lay/set/place a trap for mice设夹子抓老鼠fall into/ get out of a trap 落入/摆脱圈套the unemployment trap 失业困境Some people feel that marriage is at trap. 有些人认为婚姻是牢笼。 3．release  vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏 (2)vt  1) 放开;松开:           release the brake松开刹车 Don’ t release the rope.    别松开绳子。2)  放出;排放;释放:           release a prisoner释放囚犯He released the bird from its cage.  他将鸟从笼中放了出来。The factory keeps releasing smoke， making the air dirty.这座工厂不停地放出烟雾，污染了空气。3)  首映(电影);发行(CD、书等);发布(新闻等)In 1995,the film Clueless,based on Jane Austen’s novel Emma,was released. 1995年，电影《无影无踪》公映，这部影片是基于简奥斯河的小说《爱玛》改编的。短语：  release...from   从...释放n.  1) 放走;释放;排放;宣泄 a release from prison  从狱中释放the release of homing pigeons  放飞信鸽2)  发行;发布The software is planned for release in April.  该软件计划于四月份发行。3)  发行的影片等;发布的新闻等 the latest release  最新发行的书/电影/唱片等press releases    新闻稿 4．ambulance  n. 救护车(2) 5．extend  vi. & vt. 延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展(2)1）伸开，展开，伸出Extend your left hand.  把左手伸出来2)（使）延伸，（使）延长 This road extends to the river.  这条路延伸到河边。 Their stay extends to the New Year.  他们要一直待到新年。 The travelers decided to extend their visit to see more about the beautiful country.游客们决定延长逗留时间，多看看这个美丽的国家。3）（使）扩大，（使）扩展The company extended its services to Hong Kong. 该公司将其业务扩展到香港。拓展：n.  extension 延伸；扩大，延长期；电话分机，分机号码A visa extension 延长签证The wire has an extension of 50 feet. 电线可伸长到50英尺。The extension of the garden will take several weeks. 扩建花园需要几个星期。The pub had an extension on Christmas Eve. 这家酒吧在圣诞前夜延长营业时间。Extension 326,please. 请接326分机。adj.    extendable  adj. 可延伸的，可延长的      extended   adj. 延长了的，扩展了的  6．construction  n. 建筑，建造；建造物(2)The construction of the tower took about 2 years. 建这座塔花了大约两年时间。The shelter is a brick construction. 掩体是砖结构的。短语： under construction  在建设中拓展：   n.   constructor  建造者，制造者v.   construct 建筑，构筑，建设the stone castle constructed five hundred years ago    500年前建造的石头城堡 7．dozen  n. 许多；（一）打；十来个(2)two dozen bottles of orange   两打瓶装橙汁短语： dozens of 很多，许多The hurricane blew away dozens of farming villages and brought down thousands of trees.飓风刮走了很多村庄，刮到了数千棵树。 8．minor  adj. 轻微的，次要的(2)minor injury/illness    轻伤/小病拓展：minority   n. 少数，少数派；少数民族     反义词： major  adj. 大的，重要的              majority  n.  多数的，大量的 9．bath  n. 洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆(2)have/take a bath  洗澡拓展：v.  bathe   洗澡；（用水、药水等）浸洗；使沐浴，使沉浸a city bathed in a festival atmosphere 沉浸在节日气氛里的城市The small village is bathed in brilliant sunshine.  小村庄沐浴在灿烂的阳光里。n.     bathroom 浴室，卫生间      bathtub 浴缸，澡盆 10．scream  vi. & vt. 尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音(2)scream in/with fear  吓得尖叫She screamed, grabbing her purse and the keys.  她大声地尖叫起来，紧紧抓住钱包和钥匙。give a scream  发出尖叫              a scream of laughter 纵声大笑短语：  scream out  大声喊        scream at sb  朝某人大喊 11．bark  vi. （狗）吠叫vt. 厉声发令n. （狗）吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮 (2)A barking dog doesn't bite!   吠犬不咬人短语：bark at  对...吠叫bark out 厉声发令；厉声质问be barking up the wrong tree  把方法搞错（或想偏）；走错路线 12．choke  vt. & vi. （使）窒息；（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动而）说不出话来(2)Very small toys can choke a baby.   很小的玩具可使婴儿窒息。His voice was choking with rage.   他气得声音哽咽。Despair choked her words.        她绝望得说不出话来。‘I can't bear it,’ he said in a choked voice. “我实在忍不下去了。”他声音哽咽地说道。短语：choke...back     抑制，强忍住      choke to death    窒息死亡      choke sth up with sth  用...把...堵住      choke out         哽咽着说出 13．department  n. 部门，局，系 (2)The department of Education/ Foreign Affairs  教育部/ 外交部department store 百货公司；大百货商店短语：  be one’s department某人的职责范围（或知识范围）Don't ask me about it—that's her department. 这事别问我——那是她的职责范围。 14．cigarette  n. 香烟(2) 15．carpet  n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西(2) 16．automatic  adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的(2)automatic pilot 自动驾驶My reaction was automatic. 我的反应是不由自主的。A fine for this offence is automatic. 这种违法行为当然要罚款。（必然的，当然的）拓展：  automate  v. 使自动化        automatically  adv. 自动地 17．investigate  vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究(2)However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts felt obliged to investigate.可是，随着证据越来越多，专家们感到有必要进行一番调查。拓展：investigation  n.  under investigation 处于调查中      investigative   adj.  调查研究的，侦查的      investigator   n.  调查员，侦探 18．come about 发生(3)拓展：  come across  偶然遇见，被理解   come across with sth提供，给予        come after   追查，追赶        come along  进展        come apart  破灭        come off    脱落        come out   出来 19．journalist  n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者(3)拓展：      journal      n. 杂志，报纸，日志            journalism   n. 新闻业            journalistic   adj. 新闻业的 20．priority  n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点(3)Education is a top priority . 教育是当务之急。The search for a new vaccine will take priority over all other medical research. 研制新的疫苗将排在其他一切医学研究之前。Buses have priority at this junction. 在这个路口，公共汽车有优先通行权。短语：first priority 头等大使      top priority  当务之急       take priority over sth 优先安排 21．contradict  vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥(3)The two stories contradict each other. 这两种说法相互抵触。That’s true,and don’t you dare contradict me. 这是事实，你还敢跟我顶嘴。短语： contradict oneself  自我矛盾拓展：  contradictory  adj.  be contradictory to  与...矛盾        contradiction  n.   矛盾 22．factual  adj. 事实的，真实的(3)a factual account of events 事件的如实报道factual information 事实信息拓展：factually  adv. 事实地fact  n. 事实              in  fact  事实上 23．instance   n. 例子，事例(3)    The report highlights a number of instances of injustice. 这篇报道重点列举了一些不公正的实例短语： for instance 例如，比如in the first instance 第一，首先拓展：   instant   adj.  立刻的；方便的   n. 瞬间；片刻         instantly  adv. /conj.  24．differ  vi. 相异；意见相左(3)短语：  differ from  与...不同differ over/about/on  对某事意见不同        differ in  在...不同        agree to differ  承认意见不同拓展： difference (反 similarity）  make a/no difference    different（反 similar） 25．conclusion  n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成(3)We can safely draw some conclusions from our discussion. 从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。The conclusion of the book was disappointing. 这部书的结尾令人失望。the expected conclusion of a free-trade agreement between Mexico and the United States墨西哥和美国之间自由贸易协议的如期达成短语： reach/draw/come to a conclusion 得出结论        make a conclusion 进行总结        in conclusion 总之        jump/ leap to a conclusion 匆忙下结论；贸然断定拓展： conclude  v. 推断出，断定；结束，终止       to conclude  最后，总之，结束 26．false  adj.错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的(3)The amount of false information on the Internet becomes more of a problem every day.网上海量的虚假信息已日渐成为一个棘手的问题。拓展：falsely  adv. 27．bring sth to light  揭露，披露(3)come to light  显露，暴露throw /cast light on/upon  阐明，使了解 28．minimum/  n. 最小值，最少量adj. 最低的，最小的 (3)   pl.  minima/minimumsreduce sth to a minimum 把某物减少到最小量with a minimum effort 以最小的努力 29．maximum n. 最大量，最大限度adj. 最高的，最多的 (3)We have a minimum of 28 people living here in the winter and a maximum of 125 in the summer.冬天我们最少有28人生活在这里，夏天最多125人。 30．sum  vt. 总结，概括n. 金额，款项；总和，总数；全部 (3)   sum up 总结，概括(3)His speech summed up the present situation of economy. 他的演讲概述了目前的经济形势。To sum up , there are three main ways of tackling the problem.概括起来说，这一问题主要有三种解决办法。a large sum of money 一大笔钱The sum of two and two is four. 2加2的总和是4。拓展：summary   adj. 概括的， 扼要的；  n. 总结；摘要，概要      in summary  总的说来 31．accurate  adj. 正确无误的；精确的 (3)  （反 inaccurate）an accurate description/account/calculation   准确的描述/叙述/ 计算to be accurate  准确来说拓展：accuracy  n.准确性，精确度（反 inaccuracy）      with accuracy 准确地      accurately  adv.   32．committed  adj. 尽心尽力的；承诺过的(3)a committed  member of the team  忠于职守的队员remain committed to one’s dream   坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想be committed to 致力于；承诺过(3)拓展：commit  vt. 犯（错误，罪行）；承诺，保证；花钱或时间；全身心投入；忠于commit a crime 犯罪          commit a fault 犯错          commit oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事，全身心投入做某事      commitment   n. 献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费  33．discrimination  n. 辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待age/racial/sex/sexual discrimination  年龄╱种族╱性别歧视discrimination against the elderly 歧视老人discrimination in favour of the young 厚待年轻人He showed great discrimination in his choice of friends. 他在择友方面颇具慧眼。拓展：discriminate   v. 歧视；区别，辨别practices that discriminate against women and in favour of men 重男轻女的做法discriminating  adj. 有识别力的，有鉴赏力的；        discriminatory  adj. 歧视的，不公正的 34．curiosity  n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品(5)out of curiosity  出于好奇satisfy/arouse one’s curiosity 满足/激起某人的好奇心intellectual curiosity 求知欲Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇害死猫。The museum is full of historical curiosities. 这座博物馆有许多珍奇的历史文物。拓展： curious  adj.好奇的，爱探究的；奇异的，奇怪的       be curious about        curiously  adv. 35．journalism  n. 新闻业，新闻工作(5) 36．commitment  n. 献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费(5)A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent commitment. 干演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。The company's commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. 这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性的作用。Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy. 取得这种水平的成就需要花费时间和精力。